Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
  • A61K38/16—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
  • A61K38/17—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
  • A61K38/22—Hormones
  • A61K38/23—Calcitonins
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07K—PEPTIDES
  • C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
  • C07K14/435—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
  • C07K14/46—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans from vertebrates
  • C07K14/461—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans from vertebrates from fish
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07K—PEPTIDES
  • C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
  • C07K14/435—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
  • C07K14/575—Hormones
  • C07K14/585—Calcitonins
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07K—PEPTIDES
  • C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
  • C07K14/435—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
  • C07K14/575—Hormones
  • C07K14/635—Parathyroid hormone, i.e. parathormone; Parathyroid hormone-related peptides
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
  • C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
  • C12N15/00—Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
  • C12N15/09—Recombinant DNA-technology
  • C12N15/63—Introduction of foreign genetic material using vectors; Vectors; Use of hosts therefor; Regulation of expression
  • C12N15/70—Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for E. coli
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
  • C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
  • C12N15/00—Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
  • C12N15/09—Recombinant DNA-technology
  • C12N15/63—Introduction of foreign genetic material using vectors; Vectors; Use of hosts therefor; Regulation of expression
  • C12N15/70—Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for E. coli
  • C12N15/71—Expression systems using regulatory sequences derived from the trp-operon
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
  • C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
  • C12N15/00—Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
  • C12N15/09—Recombinant DNA-technology
  • C12N15/63—Introduction of foreign genetic material using vectors; Vectors; Use of hosts therefor; Regulation of expression
  • C12N15/70—Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for E. coli
  • C12N15/72—Expression systems using regulatory sequences derived from the lac-operon
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
  • C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
  • C12P21/00—Preparation of peptides or proteins
  • C12P21/02—Preparation of peptides or proteins having a known sequence of two or more amino acids, e.g. glutathione
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07K—PEPTIDES
  • C07K2319/00—Fusion polypeptide
  • C07K2319/01—Fusion polypeptide containing a localisation/targetting motif
  • C07K2319/02—Fusion polypeptide containing a localisation/targetting motif containing a signal sequence

Definitions

• the present invention relates to direct expression of a peptide product into the culture medium of genetically engineered host cells expressing the peptide product. More particularly, the invention relates to expression vectors, host cells and/or fermentation methods for producing a peptide product that is excreted outside the host into the culture medium in high yield. In some embodiments, the invention relates to direct expression of a peptide product having C- terminal glycine which is thereafter converted to an amidated peptide having an amino group in place of said glycine.
• peptide products i.e. any compound whose molecular structure includes a plurality of amino acids linked by a peptide bond.
• a problem when the foreign peptide product is small is that it is often readily degradable by endogenous proteases in the cytoplasm or periplasm of the host cell that was used to express the peptide.
• Other problems include achieving sufficient yield, and recovering the peptide in relatively pure form without altering its tertiary structure (which can undesirably diminish its ability to perform its basic function) .
• the invention provides a method of producing an amidated peptide product by producing a precursor having a C-terminal glycine using any of the vectors, hosts, or fermentation processes reported herein; and thereafter converting said glycine to an amino group to produce a peptide amide.
• Figure 16 shows a comparison of sCTgly production after a typical 1 liter fermentation in the presence of inducer by the E . coli strains WA837, BLR, BL21 and B834, where each strain is expressing the pSCT- 029A vector (UGL164 , UGL165, UGL167 and UGL166 respectively) .
• sCTgly production was reported as mg of sCTgly excreted per liter of incubation medium.
• Figure 16 shows that the E . coli BLR strain is more suited for sCTgly production than each of the WA837, BL21 and B834 E . coli strains.
• the present invention permits peptide product yields in excess of 100 mg per liter of media. It does so with novel expression vectors, novel hosts (as transformed, transfected or used in accordance with the invention) , novel fermentation processes, or a combination of two or more of the foregoing.
• the vector comprises a plurality of transcription cassettes placed in tandem, each cassette having the control region and the coding region of the present invention.
• a digenic vector or multigenic vector is believed to provide better expression than would a dicistronic or multicistronic expression vector. This is a surprising improvement over dicistronic or multicistronic expression which is not believed to be suggested by the prior art.
• the vector can optionally further comprise nucleic acids coding for a repressor peptide which represses operators associated with one or more of the promoters in the control region, a transcription terminator region, a selectable marker region and/or a region encoding at least one secretion enhancing peptide.
• nucleic acids coding for a repressor peptide and a secretion enhancing peptide may be present on a separate vector co-expressed in the same host cell as the vector expressing the peptide produc .
• the coding region comprises nucleic acids coding for a peptide product of interest coupled in reading frame downstream from nucleic acids coding for a signal peptide whereby the coding region encodes a peptide comprising, respectively, from N terminus to C terminus the signal and the peptide product.
• the signal may provide some protection to the peptide product from proteolytic degradation in addition to participating in its secretion to the periplasm.
• oxygen saturation means the percentage of oxygen in the fermentation medium when the medium is completely saturated with ordinary air.
• oxygen saturation means the percentage of oxygen in the fermentation medium when the medium is completely saturated with ordinary air.
• fermentation media saturated with air has an "oxygen saturation” of 100%. While it is difficult to maintain oxygen saturation of the fermentation medium significantly above 100%, i.e. above the oxygen content of air, this is possible, and even desirable in view of higher oxygen content providing higher yields. This may be achieved by sparging the media with gases having higher oxygen content than air.
• Glycerol has been found effective.
• Preferred methods of induction include the addition of chemical inducers such as IPTG and/or lactose. Other methods such as temperature shift or alterations in levels of nutrient may be used. Other induction techniques appropriate to the operator or the promoter in the control region (or one of the plurality of promoters being used where more than one appears in the control region) may also be used.
• peptidyl glycine ⁇ - amidating monooxygenase is not used hereinabove, and if the reaction mixture is not already basic, then increasing pH of the reaction mixture until it is basic. Amidated peptide may thereafter be recovered from the reaction mixture preferably utilizing the purification technique described infra in Example 6.
• UGL 703 has been deposited with the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) as ATCC 98395 in accordance with the provision of the Budapest Treaty relating to the deposit of microorganisms for purposes of patent procedure.
• ATCC American Type Culture Collection
• Table 5 summarizes the conditions of this fermentation. Briefly, UGL 703 clone was grown in inoculation medium and used to seed a fermenter containing 1 liter batch medium to give an initial A 600 nm of 0.06 (preference is 0.06 to 0.12). Cells were grown for 6.25 hours (preferred range is from 6.0 to 7.0 hours) until the glycerol in the medium was depleted.
• FIGS 15A, 15B, and 16 clearly indicate that the E. coli strain BLR is best suited for production of sCTgly.
• amidation reaction is carried out in a silanized glass vessel to prevent non-specific adsorption of peptide to the reaction vessel.
• a high level of dissolved oxygen is maintained in the reaction mixture by sparging and/or agitation.
• the level of dissolved oxygen is > 75%.
• CEX #3 Cation exchange chromatography #3
• This column is used to purify sCT following ⁇ -amidation and renaturation.
• the principal contaminant following ⁇ - amidation/renaturation is sCTG.
• CEX #3 chromatography employs an Amicon Vantage-A column (18.0 x 16.0 cm) packed with Toyopearl SP650S resin. The unit operation is accomplished using water for injection (WFI) and solutions of 0.5 M, 50 M and 175 mM sodium chloride along with 150 mM sodium phosphate pH 5.5.
• WFI water for injection
• a column test is performed to track resin cleaning.
• the column is subjected to a blank elution with 40% ethyl alcohol; 0.1% acetic acid for 6 minutes at a flow rate of 400 ml/min.
• the collected eluate from the column test is submitted at QC for analytical testing.
• the product is eluted using 40% ethyl alcohol; 0.1% acetic acid at a flow rate of 400 ml/min. The entire product peak is collected, and subjected to lyophilization to yield purified sCT powder.

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• Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
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