WO1998043743A2 - Düse, verwendung einer düse und verfahren zur eindüsung eines ersten fluids in ein zweites fluid - Google Patents
Düse, verwendung einer düse und verfahren zur eindüsung eines ersten fluids in ein zweites fluid Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1998043743A2 WO1998043743A2 PCT/DE1998/000778 DE9800778W WO9843743A2 WO 1998043743 A2 WO1998043743 A2 WO 1998043743A2 DE 9800778 W DE9800778 W DE 9800778W WO 9843743 A2 WO9843743 A2 WO 9843743A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- channel
- nozzle
- fluid
- mouth
- center line
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
- B05B1/34—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl
- B05B1/3405—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl
- B05B1/341—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet
- B05B1/3478—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet the liquid flowing at least two different courses before reaching the swirl chamber
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
- B05B1/34—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl
- B05B1/3405—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl
- B05B1/341—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet
- B05B1/3421—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet with channels emerging substantially tangentially in the swirl chamber
Definitions
- Nozzle use of a nozzle, and method of injecting a first fluid into a second fluid
- the invention relates to a nozzle for injecting a first fluid into a second fluid, the use of such a nozzle and a method for injecting a first fluid into a second fluid.
- DE 32 35 080 AI describes a return injection nozzle in which two opposite liquid feeds open tangentially into a circular cylindrical swirl space.
- An injection channel is connected to the swirl chamber on the one hand and a return bore is connected on the other hand.
- the return injection nozzle is particularly suitable for the atomization of liquid fuel in gas turbine combustion chambers. Atomization is achieved in that fuel flows tangentially into the swirl chamber and is combined to form a main stream, a swirl being given to the main stream by a circular guide in the swirl chamber, which swirl is maintained in the injection channel, so that the fuel jet exits when the fuel emerges the injection channel fanned out conically. On the other hand, fuel is returned via the return hole. While maintaining a constant fuel flow to the return injector, the amount of fuel injected is controlled by adjusting the amount of fuel returned. An atomizer with return flow control also emerges from DD 22 076.
- Swirl chamber is connected via a nozzle bore to an outside space in which the liquid to be atomized emanates.
- the liquid to be atomized can be fed to the swirl chamber via a first feed channel.
- the first feed channel is realized through a narrow bore, which creates turbulence.
- the first feed channel is therefore also referred to as a turbulence atomizer stage.
- Liquid to be atomized can also be supplied to the swirl chamber under pressure and with a swirl via a second supply channel.
- the nozzle can be adapted to different operating conditions by adapting the liquid mass flows flowing through the first or through the second channel. In particular, when used in a gas turbine burner, a nozzle pre-pressure adapted to the nominal load conditions can be generated. Depending on the load, the spray cone angle and thus the degree of atomization can be adjusted.
- DE 44 40 681 C2 shows a spray nozzle, in particular for
- US Pat. No. 5,035,364 shows a device for preventing conglomerate formation of solid particles flowing in a fluid stream.
- fluid is admixed to the fluid stream through injection channels that open laterally, so that vortex formation in the main stream results.
- the object of the invention is to provide a nozzle for injecting a first fluid into a second fluid. Further tasks are to specify the use of such a nozzle and a method for injecting a first fluid into a second fluid.
- the object directed to a nozzle for injecting a first fluid into a second fluid is achieved by a nozzle with a nozzle body in which the first fluid is feasible, wherein a first channel directed along a first center line is provided in the nozzle body, into which a second channel directed along a second center line opens at an opening, the first and second channels before the opening being connected in parallel in terms of flow technology, and wherein the second center line at the mouth has a tangent that is spaced from the first center line.
- a center line of a channel is to be understood as the line that results from the totality of the focal points of each cross-sectional area of the channel.
- a tangent to the second center line at the mouth is the tangent to the second center line in that
- the mouth area is the area enclosed by the edge of the wall of the second channel ending at the mouth.
- the expression "connected in parallel in terms of flow technology” can be seen in analogy to an electrical circuit.
- the first channel corresponds to an electrical line, which is connected in parallel to a second electrical line, which corresponds to the second channel, until an interconnection of the two lines.
- the first and the second channel serve to guide separate partial streams of the first fluid, which are combined at the mouth. These partial currents correspond to electrical currents through the two lines before they are interconnected.
- the throwing distance is the length that the jet travels from the nozzle outlet in its main direction of flow when it emerges from the nozzle. Due to the essentially maintained throw range and the simultaneous spreading of the beam by the swirl, it is in particular possible to obtain a thorough mixing of the first fluid with the second fluid over the entire throw range. This is particularly important when injecting fuel as the first fluid in combustion air as the second fluid. Such an injection is used for example in a burner of a gas turbine. A fine distribution of fuel and combustion air results in a uniform combustion temperature and thus low nitrogen oxide formation.
- the nozzle body is preferably directed along a nozzle axis, the first channel leading along the nozzle axis.
- the center line of the first channel coincides with the nozzle axis.
- a fluid flow flowing in the first channel is thus a straight flow with a high impulse in the flow direction.
- the first channel has a main cross-sectional area and the second channel has a secondary cross-sectional area that is smaller than the main cross-sectional area.
- a lower mass flow of the first fluid flows in the second channel than in the first channel.
- the momentum of the partial flow of the first fluid flowing in the first channel is essentially maintained even when a partial flow of the first fluid flowing in the second channel flows, whereby the achievable throwing distance is essentially maintained.
- the mouth has a largest mouth diameter, the first channel extending downstream of the mouth over at least such a length that a partial flow of the first fluid in the first channel with a partial flow of the first fluid from the second channel to a single, at the outlet main stream not splitting from the nozzle, but at most over a length over which a swirl of the main stream is still retained, in particular over a length three to four times the largest mouth diameter.
- the first channel which is connected in parallel with the second channel, preferably forms an angle between 5 ° and 90 °, in particular between 35 ° and 55 °, at the mouth with the second channel.
- Such an inflow angle on the one hand gives a particularly good swirl to a partial flow of the first fluid flowing in the first channel.
- a pulse directed in the direction of flow of the second partial flow of the first fluid flowing in the second channel is transmitted at the same time, so that there is only a small additional flow resistance at the mouth resulting from the combination of the partial flows.
- the first channel more preferably has an approximately circular cross section, the second channel opening essentially tangentially into the first channel.
- Tangential means that there is a common tangent to the surface of the first and second channels in a plane that divides the mouth and is directed perpendicular to the first center line. A such a tangential junction causes a particularly large swirl transmission to a partial flow of the first fluid flowing in the first channel.
- a third channel preferably opens into the first channel at an additional mouth, the additional mouth lying opposite the mouth with respect to the center line of the first channel.
- the direction of flow of a partial flow of the first fluid flowing in the third channel is approximately opposite to the direction of flow of a partial flow of the first fluid flowing in the second channel.
- a further channel arranged in this way increases the swirl transfer to a fluid flow flowing in the first channel and leads to a more uniform distribution of the first fluid over the circumference of the spray cone which forms when the first fluid emerges from the nozzle.
- each channel is designed as a circularly symmetrical bore.
- the nozzle body preferably has an outer surface which is at least partially designed as a thread. A nozzle body designed in this way enables easy installation of the nozzle e.g. into a burner by simply screwing in the nozzle body.
- the nozzle is preferably used to inject fuel into combustion air in a burner, in particular in a premix burner of a gas turbine.
- the first fluid is fuel and the second fluid is combustion air.
- a premix burner is characterized in particular by the fact that fuel and combustion air are first mixed and only then fed to a combustion. The principle of a premix burner is described in the article "Progress in Nox and CO Emission Reduction of Gas Turbines", H. Maghon, P. Berenbrink, H. Termühlen and G. Gärtner, ASME / IEEE Power Generations Conference, Boston 1990, whereupon herewith explicit reference is made.
- the object directed to a method is achieved according to the invention by a method for injecting a first fluid into a second fluid, the first fluid being guided along a first center line in a first part stream and along a second center line in a second part stream, the second partial stream is combined with the first partial stream in such a way that a swirl is imparted to the first partial stream by the combination. This results in a swirled main stream which is combined from the first partial stream and the second partial stream.
- Such a combination of two partial streams results in a swirling main stream.
- a swirl as already explained in more detail above, fuses the main stream emerging from the nozzle. This fanning out in turn leads to a thorough mixing of the first fluid with the second fluid.
- the first partial flow and the second partial flow are preferably brought together at an angle between 5 and 90, in particular between 35 and 55.
- the first fluid is preferably fuel and the second fluid is combustion air, the fuel being conducted in a nozzle of a burner, in particular a premix burner of a gas turbine, and being injected into the combustion air.
- FIG. 1 shows a side view of a nozzle in the air duct of a premix burner
- FIG. 2 shows a cross section through the nozzle of Figure 1 and 3 shows a side view of a further embodiment of a nozzle.
- FIG. 1 shows a side view of a nozzle 1 installed in an air duct 12 of a premix burner (not shown further).
- the air duct 12 is not shown to scale.
- a nozzle body 2 is directed along an axis 2a and consists of a cylindrical head part 2b with an end face 2e and a likewise cylindrical, approximately equally long screw part 2c with an external thread 7, with which the nozzle 1 is screwed into a wall 12b of the air duct 12 and an end face 2d.
- the screw part 2c has approximately 2/3 of the diameter of the
- the screw part 2c adjoins the head part 2b on a foot surface 2f of the head part 2b.
- the thread 7 has slots 7a, 7b opposite one another with respect to the axis 2a.
- the slots 7a, 7b each extend parallel to the axis 2a from the end face 2d of the screw part 2c to about 4/5 of the length of the screw part 2c.
- the head part 2b has a hexagonal cross-section, hereinafter referred to as an internal hexagon 6, along the axis 2a with approximately half the diameter of the diameter of the head part 2b.
- the depth of the hexagon socket 6 extends approximately 2/3 of the length of the head part 2b and serves for the engagement of a tool for screwing the nozzle 1 into the wall 12b of the air duct 12.
- the hexagon socket 6 is followed by a circular cross section of the first Channel 3 along the axis 2a with a diameter 3b of approximately 1/8 of the diameter of the head part 2b.
- the first channel 3 with this diameter 3b extends into the screw part 2c and then tapers over a short distance by about 2/3 to a diameter 3c.
- the first channel 3 leads through the screw part 2c along the axis 2a to the end face 2d of the screw part 2c.
- the first channel 3 has a first center line 3a, which coincides with axis 2a.
- the second channel 4 is directed along a second center line 4a.
- the second center line 4a has a tangent 4b at the mouth, which coincides with the second center line 4a, since the second center line 4a is a straight line.
- the tangent 4b is spaced from the first center line 3a by the distance a (see FIG. 2).
- a third channel 4 ' which is circular in cross section, extends from the slot 7b along a third center line 4a' and opens into the first channel 3 at an additional mouth 5 '.
- the third channel 4' is symmetrical with respect to the axis 2a to the second channel 4 arranged.
- the third center line 4a ' has at the additional mouth 5' a tangent 4b 'which coincides with the third center line 4a' and is spaced from the first center line 3a by the distance a (see FIG. 2).
- the nozzle 1 opens into an air duct 12, which is directed perpendicular to the axis 2a and has an air duct width 12a.
- fuel 10 flows through the first channel 3 from the end face 2d of the screw part 2c to the end face 2e of the head part 2b.
- fuel 10 enters the air duct 12 as a fuel jet 10d, in which combustion air 11 flows approximately perpendicular to the direction of the fuel jet.
- Partial streams 10b of the fuel 10 are fed to the second channel 4 and the third channel 4 'via the slots 7a and 7b.
- this partial flow 10b enters the first channel 3, in which a partial flow 10a of the fuel 10 flows, eccentrically.
- the partial streams 10b and 10a are combined to form a main stream 10c.
- the main Stream 10c imprinted a twist.
- the swirled, combined main stream 10c emerges as a fuel jet 10d from the nozzle 1 and fanned out by the swirl, but still has such a large momentum in the main flow direction that the fuel jet 10d extends over almost the entire width 12a of the air duct 12. This results in a good mixing of fuel 10 and combustion air 11 over almost the entire air duct width 12a.
- the screw part 2c is sealed off from the air duct 12 on the foot side 2f of the head part 2b.
- FIG. 2 shows a cross section through the nozzle 1 from FIG. 1 on a scale twice as large.
- the channels 4, 4 ' are pivoted into the cross-sectional plane.
- the second channel 4 and the third channel 4 ′ open tangentially into the first channel 3.
- the second center line 4a of the second channel 4 has a tangent 4b at the mouth 5 and the third center line 4a 'of the third channel 4' has a tangent 4b 'at the mouth 5', each of which coincides with the center lines 4a and 4a ' because these are straight lines.
- the tangents 4b and 4b ' are spaced a distance a from the center line 3a of the channel 3.
- the partial flow 10a of the fuel 10 flowing in the first channel 3 becomes a swirl through the partial flows 10b of the fuel 10 flowing from the second channel 4 and the third channel 4' granted.
- the pulse of the partial flow 10a of the fuel 10 is essentially maintained in the first channel 3 along the center line 3a.
- the combined main stream 10c is still guided over a length 5b of the first channel 3 in order to avoid splitting into two partial jets when the fuel 10 emerges from the first channel 3.
- the main stream 10c combined in channel 3 thus exits far into the combustion air 11 as a fuel jet 10d so that the fuel jet 10d extends over almost the entire width 12a of the
- Air duct extends. Combustion air 11 can thus be mixed with fuel 10 over a large distance.
- the one The swirl given by main flow 10c leads to a conical fanning out of the fuel jet 10d emerging from the nozzle 1 and thus to a fine distribution of fuel 10.
- Figure 3 shows a further embodiment of a nozzle 1 in a side view. Except for another fuel supply to the channels 4 and 4 ', the nozzle 1 is identical in construction to the nozzle 1 from FIG. 1.
- Two blind bores 9 and 9' parallel to the first channel 3 in the screw part 2c each extend from the end face 2d of the Screw part 2c over almost the entire length of the screw part 2c, the blind hole 9 intersecting the second channel 4 and the blind hole 9 'intersecting the third channel 4'.
- Fuel 10 is supplied to channels 4 and 4 'via blind hole 9 and 9', respectively.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP54105598A JP2001521438A (ja) | 1997-04-01 | 1998-03-16 | ノズルとその適用および第1の流体を第2の流体へ注入するための方法 |
EP98925398A EP0971792B1 (de) | 1997-04-01 | 1998-03-16 | Düse, verwendung einer düse und verfahren zur eindüsung eines ersten fluids in ein zweites fluid |
DE59806190T DE59806190D1 (de) | 1997-04-01 | 1998-03-16 | Düse, verwendung einer düse und verfahren zur eindüsung eines ersten fluids in ein zweites fluid |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19713377A DE19713377A1 (de) | 1997-04-01 | 1997-04-01 | Düse, Verwendung einer Düse und Verfahren zur Eindüsung eines ersten Fluids in ein zweites Fluid |
DE19713377.0 | 1997-04-01 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1998043743A2 true WO1998043743A2 (de) | 1998-10-08 |
WO1998043743A3 WO1998043743A3 (de) | 1998-12-30 |
Family
ID=7825106
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/DE1998/000778 WO1998043743A2 (de) | 1997-04-01 | 1998-03-16 | Düse, verwendung einer düse und verfahren zur eindüsung eines ersten fluids in ein zweites fluid |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0971792B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2001521438A (de) |
DE (2) | DE19713377A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1998043743A2 (de) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102020002684A1 (de) | 2020-05-05 | 2021-11-11 | Felix Schiefer | Einspritzdüse und Vorrichtung zur Beladung eines Kraftstoffes mit Gas |
DE202020001914U1 (de) | 2020-05-05 | 2020-06-15 | Hartmut Schiefer | Einspritzdüse und Vorrichtung zur Beladung eines Kraftstoffes mit Gas |
DE102020004130A1 (de) | 2020-07-09 | 2022-01-13 | Felix Schiefer | Kraftstoffeinspritzung im Verbrennungsmotor |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3235080A1 (de) | 1982-09-22 | 1984-03-22 | Kraftwerk Union AG, 4330 Mülheim | Ruecklaufeinspritzduese fuer die zerstaeubung von fluessigkeiten |
US5035364A (en) | 1989-10-10 | 1991-07-30 | Terronics Development Corporation | Deagglomerator and method for deagglomerating particulate material |
DE4440681C2 (de) | 1994-11-15 | 1996-10-17 | Awab Umformtechn Gmbh & Co Kg | Sprühdüse, insbesondere zum Versprühen von Wasser in Brandschutzanlagen |
DE19608349A1 (de) | 1996-03-05 | 1997-09-11 | Abb Research Ltd | Druckzerstäuberdüse |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR808111A (fr) * | 1936-07-15 | 1937-01-29 | Phillips & Pain Ets | Jet pulvérisateur |
US2110409A (en) * | 1937-05-19 | 1938-03-08 | George W Veach | Spray nozzle |
US2428748A (en) * | 1944-06-22 | 1947-10-07 | Star Sprinkler Corp | Nozzle |
GB858948A (en) * | 1957-09-17 | 1961-01-18 | Dowty Fuel Syst Ltd | Improvements in liquid spray nozzles |
DE7112090U (de) * | 1971-03-30 | 1971-07-15 | Rost G & Soehne | Brausekopf |
DE2733102A1 (de) * | 1977-07-22 | 1979-02-01 | Bayer Ag | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum zerstaeuben von fluessigkeiten |
US5590837A (en) * | 1995-02-28 | 1997-01-07 | Calmar Inc. | Sprayer having variable spray pattern |
-
1997
- 1997-04-01 DE DE19713377A patent/DE19713377A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1998
- 1998-03-16 WO PCT/DE1998/000778 patent/WO1998043743A2/de active IP Right Grant
- 1998-03-16 DE DE59806190T patent/DE59806190D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-03-16 JP JP54105598A patent/JP2001521438A/ja not_active Abandoned
- 1998-03-16 EP EP98925398A patent/EP0971792B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3235080A1 (de) | 1982-09-22 | 1984-03-22 | Kraftwerk Union AG, 4330 Mülheim | Ruecklaufeinspritzduese fuer die zerstaeubung von fluessigkeiten |
US5035364A (en) | 1989-10-10 | 1991-07-30 | Terronics Development Corporation | Deagglomerator and method for deagglomerating particulate material |
DE4440681C2 (de) | 1994-11-15 | 1996-10-17 | Awab Umformtechn Gmbh & Co Kg | Sprühdüse, insbesondere zum Versprühen von Wasser in Brandschutzanlagen |
DE19608349A1 (de) | 1996-03-05 | 1997-09-11 | Abb Research Ltd | Druckzerstäuberdüse |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
1990, BOSTON, article H.MAGHON,P.BERENBRINK,H.TERMÜHLEN,G.GARTNER: "PROGRESS IN NOX AND CO EMISSION REDUCTION OS GAS TURBINES, ASME/IEEE POWER GENERATIONS CONFERENCE" |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0971792B1 (de) | 2002-11-06 |
DE59806190D1 (de) | 2002-12-12 |
EP0971792A2 (de) | 2000-01-19 |
DE19713377A1 (de) | 1998-10-15 |
JP2001521438A (ja) | 2001-11-06 |
WO1998043743A3 (de) | 1998-12-30 |
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