WO1998007732A1 - Wismutdendrimere, verfahren zu ihrer herstellung und ihre verwendung als röntgenkontrastmittel - Google Patents
Wismutdendrimere, verfahren zu ihrer herstellung und ihre verwendung als röntgenkontrastmittel Download PDFInfo
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- WO1998007732A1 WO1998007732A1 PCT/DE1997/001823 DE9701823W WO9807732A1 WO 1998007732 A1 WO1998007732 A1 WO 1998007732A1 DE 9701823 W DE9701823 W DE 9701823W WO 9807732 A1 WO9807732 A1 WO 9807732A1
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- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000002872 contrast media Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract description 22
- 239000000412 dendrimer Substances 0.000 title abstract description 16
- 229920000736 dendritic polymer Polymers 0.000 title abstract description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 7
- -1 organometallic bismuth compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 30
- 150000007970 thio esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 12
- 229940039231 contrast media Drugs 0.000 claims description 11
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- AEOCXXJPGCBFJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethionamide Chemical compound CCC1=CC(C(N)=S)=CC=N1 AEOCXXJPGCBFJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- BWGNESOTFCXPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen disulfide Chemical compound SS BWGNESOTFCXPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000003368 amide group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000003555 thioacetals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetaldehyde Diethyl Acetal Natural products CCOC(C)OCC DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002777 acetyl group Chemical class [H]C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001033 ether group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-M phosphonate Chemical compound [O-]P(=O)=O UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- PTMHPRAIXMAOOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid amide group Chemical group P(N)(O)(O)=O PTMHPRAIXMAOOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940124530 sulfonamide Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003456 sulfonamides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001391 thioamide group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000101 thioether group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N urea group Chemical group NC(=O)N XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- SIIHCIXCQJPDGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N [CH2]C(O)CO Chemical compound [CH2]C(O)CO SIIHCIXCQJPDGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005189 alkyl hydroxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002591 computed tomography Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000001723 extracellular space Anatomy 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000032 diagnostic agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229940039227 diagnostic agent Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 229940124597 therapeutic agent Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 0 CCCBr(CC*)CC* Chemical compound CCCBr(CC*)CC* 0.000 description 4
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 3
- 150000002902 organometallic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 125000004169 (C1-C6) alkyl group Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000041 C6-C10 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 2
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000000962 organic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 241000251730 Chondrichthyes Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010020751 Hypersensitivity Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010061218 Inflammation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002583 angiography Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001622 bismuth compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002604 chemotoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009606 cholecystography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002059 diagnostic imaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002405 diagnostic procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001035 gastrointestinal tract Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004054 inflammatory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodine Chemical compound II PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009608 myelography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 125000001190 organyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000915 pathological change Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000036285 pathological change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002560 therapeutic procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001685 thyroid gland Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000007487 urography Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/28—Phosphorus compounds with one or more P—C bonds
- C07F9/50—Organo-phosphines
- C07F9/5004—Acyclic saturated phosphines
- C07F9/5009—Acyclic saturated phosphines substituted by B, Si, P or a metal
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K49/00—Preparations for testing in vivo
- A61K49/04—X-ray contrast preparations
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/94—Bismuth compounds
Definitions
- the invention relates to dendrimeric organometallic bismuth compounds (bismuth dendrimers) which can advantageously be used as X-ray contrast media and to processes for their preparation.
- the contrast media currently used in X-ray diagnostics contain either barium or iodine as the contrasting element. All currently approved parenterally administered contrast agents contain iodine, either with three or six iodine atoms per molecule (DP Swanson, HM Chilton, JH Thrall, "Pharmaceuticals in Medical Imaging", 1990, McMillan). In these compounds, the iodine atoms are always covalently coupled to the "carrier molecule" and enable the representation of such vessels, organs and tissues that are reached by the iodine-containing contrast media. The presence of the contrast medium increases the x-ray density of these tissues relative to their surroundings, so that they become visible in the x-ray image and allow diagnoses regarding their shape or pathological changes. With these contrast media, a number of different diagnostic methods can be used, such as for the Water-soluble, iodine-containing compounds include angiography, urography, myelography and cholecystography.
- Barium is used in the form of the water-insoluble barium sulfate as an orally administered formulation exclusively for the presentation of the gastrointestinal tract.
- Contrast agents without iodine lie in avoiding the known side effects of the iodine-containing compounds such as pseudo-allergic reactions, chemotoxic effects and the side effects of released iodide on the thyroid gland.
- the disadvantage of metal complexes is the usually relatively low metal content or the too low solubility of the metal complexes, which is generally too low for use as an X-ray contrast medium.
- Bismuth organic compounds are e.g. in EP 0716 091 A1, JP A 4-154622, Vestn. Leningrad Univ., Fisz., Khim. vol. 4, pp. 113-116 (1976), J. Chem. Soc, Chem. Commun., Vol. 16, pp. 1143-4 (1992), J. Coord. Chem., Vol. 12, pp. 53-57 (19982).
- Bismuth dendrimers have not been described, however.
- the object of the present invention is to design contrast media for use in X-ray diagnostics that do not contain iodine and therefore cannot cause the side effects induced by this element. It has now surprisingly been found that novel, previously unknown organic bismuth compounds, so-called bismuth dendrimers, can be used as X-ray contrast agents. The structure of these new compounds corresponds to the general formula I.
- X is the central unit for O, S, N, P, C, Si, Sn, Ge, Bi or stands for an aryl, heteroaryl, alkyl or cycloalkyl group, the heteroatoms, and / or alkyl-hydroxy, polyhydroxyalkyl substituents and / or Can contain ester, amide, thioester, thioamide, acetal, ketal, thioacetal, thioketal, disulfide, anhydride and or urea groups, where X has the base multiplicity b,
- L for one stands which can be zero to ten times hydroxy-substituted and can contain zero to ten aryl or heteroaryl, ether, ester, thioether, thioester, amide, thioamide, sulfonate, sulfonamide, phosphonate or phosphoric acid amide groups;
- n 1 to 10, preferably 1 to 5,
- R independently of one another for a branched or unbranched zero to six-fold hydroxy-substituted C ⁇ -C-jo-aryl or benzyl group, one
- Ether group -OR ester group COOR, thioether group -SR, thioester group -COSR, amide group -CONR R or thioamide group -CSNR R, in which
- R independently of one another represents a branched or unbranched zero to six times hydroxy-substituted C 1 -C 6 alkyl group, zero to six times hydroxy substituted C 6 -C 10 aryl or benzyl group, 4
- R independently of one another represents a hydrogen atom or a branched or unbranched zero to six times hydroxy-substituted C 6 -C 18 aryl or benzyl group
- the invention therefore relates to organism of bismuth of the general formula I as characterized by the claims.
- dendrimer was defined by Tomalia (D.A. Tomalia, Spectrum of Science, September 1995, pages 42-47). This is understood to mean a polymeric compound in which a central molecule (“initiator core”) is surrounded concentrically by monomer layers. Dendrimers are characterized by an increasing number of branches from the inside out.
- the branches are caused by bismuth atoms.
- the bismuth-containing monomer shells applied one after the other are also referred to as generations in this document.
- the central unit X in the compounds according to the invention is a central atom such as 0, S, N, P, C, Si, Sn, Ge or Bi or an aryl, heteroaryl, alkyl or cycloalkyl group, the heteroatoms and / or alkyl, hydroxy - Or can contain polyhydroxyalkyl substituents.
- the central unit X can also be referred to as the zero generation.
- the central unit X can also contain a metabolically cleavable bridge, such as an ester, amide, thioester, thioamide, acetal, ketal, thioacetal, thioketal, disulfide, anhydride or urea bond, so that the invention Bismuth dendrimer can be broken down in the human or animal organism.
- a metabolically cleavable bridge such as an ester, amide, thioester, thioamide, acetal, ketal, thioacetal, thioketal, disulfide, anhydride or urea bond
- a bismuth atom preferably serves as the central unit of the dendrimer.
- the variable b stands for the base multiplicity of the central unit, that is to say for the number of reactive positions of the central unit which can be linked to the first generation of bismuth-containing monomers.
- the base multiplicity b of oxygen and sulfur is, for example, 2, of bismuth, nitrogen and phosphorus 3, of silicon, germanium and tin 4. If the central unit is formed by organic groups, the base multiplicity can be between 1 and 12.
- Group L is a link between two generations. Starting from the central unit (0th generation), the first generation of bismuth-containing organyls is connected by means of group L.
- Group L can also contain a metabolically cleavable bridge, such as an ester, amide, thioester, thioamide, acetal, ketal, thioacetal, thioketal, disulfide, anhydride or urea linkage, so that the bismuth dendrimer according to the invention can be broken down in the human or animal organism.
- a metabolically cleavable bridge such as an ester, amide, thioester, thioamide, acetal, ketal, thioacetal, thioketal, disulfide, anhydride or urea linkage, so that the bismuth dendrimer according to the invention can be broken down in the human or animal organism.
- a C ß -C ⁇ alkylene group can also be used as the connecting member L.
- This group can be zero to ten times hydroxy-substituted. It may also contain zero to ten aryl or heteroaryl, ether, ester, thioether, thioester, amide, thioamide, sulfonate, sulfonamide, phosphonate or phosphoric acid amide groups.
- L is preferably an ethylene or a propylene group.
- the groups R and R can either for a further generation of bismuth-containing monomers of the formula la
- the groups R optionally contained in the groups R and R represent branched or unbranched zero to six times hydroxy-substituted C 1-6 alkyl groups or zero to six times hydroxy-substituted C 6 -C 10 aryl or benzyl groups.
- the groups R optionally contained in the groups R and R stand for hydrogen atoms or for branched or unbranched zero to six times hydroxy-substituted CjC ß- alkyl groups or for zero to six times hydroxy-substituted C ⁇ -Cio-Aiy'- or benzyl groups.
- the groups L, R and R can be different in each generation.
- hydrophilic groups such as hydroxyl, carboxy, amido, ether, thioether, ester or thioester groups, are preferred.
- the hydrophilic dendrimers according to the invention generally contain at least as many hydrophilic groups as bismuth atoms of the last generation are present.
- the invention preferably relates to those dendrimers in which all groups R 1 , R 2 of the last generation contain hydrophilic substituents.
- the groups R and R in the last generation preferably represent a branched or unbranched zero to six times hydroxy-substituted Ci-Ce alkyl group, particularly preferably the 2,3-dihydroxypropyl radical. Examples of connections with bismuth as the central unit of the base multiplicity three and one or two generations are shown below:
- X represents a central unit shark represents a halogen atom
- M is a metal atom, e.g. Mg represents, b corresponds to the base multiplicity of the central unit, m corresponds to the charge number of M reduced by 1, Y is a direct bond or a group L, where L stands for a Cj-Cio-alkylene group which may be zero to ten times hydroxy-substituted and may contain from zero to ten aryl or heteroaryl, ether, ester, thioether, thioester, amide, thioamide, sulfonate, sulfonamide, phosphonate or phosphoric acid amide groups
- R independently of one another for a branched or unbranched zero to six times hydroxy-substituted Ce-C-jo aryl or benzyl group
- R independently of one another represents a branched or unbranched zero to six times hydroxy-substituted Ci-Cg-alkyl group, zero to six times hydroxy-substituted Ce-C-io-aryl or benzyl group,
- R independently of one another represents a hydrogen atom or a branched or unbranched zero to six times hydroxy-substituted C 6 -C 18 aryl or benzyl group
- the new compounds meet the requirements for contrast media, especially for X-ray contrast media. They are particularly suitable for computed tomography.
- the compounds according to the invention with molecular weights greater than 10,000 are suitable for the representation of the intravascular space.
- the compounds according to the invention are also suitable for displaying tumors, infarcted tissue or inflammation.
- the compounds according to the invention can also be used as contrast agents in MRI, ultrasound and radio diagnostics. They are also used in therapy.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Antibodies Or Antigens For Use As Internal Diagnostic Agents (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP97938795A EP0923588A1 (de) | 1996-08-23 | 1997-08-18 | Wismutdendrimere, verfahren zu ihrer herstellung und ihre verwendung als röntgenkontrastmittel |
CA002263641A CA2263641A1 (en) | 1996-08-23 | 1997-08-18 | Bismuth dendrimers, processes for their preparation, and their use as x-ray contrast agents |
US09/242,673 US6156873A (en) | 1996-08-23 | 1997-08-18 | Bismuth dendrimers, processes for their preparation, and their use as x-ray contrast agents |
AU41120/97A AU4112097A (en) | 1996-08-23 | 1997-08-18 | Bismuth dendrimers, processes for their preparation, and their use as x-ray contrast agents |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19635419A DE19635419C1 (de) | 1996-08-23 | 1996-08-23 | Wismutdendrimere und ihre Verwendung als Röntgenkontrastmittel |
DE19635419.6 | 1996-08-23 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1998007732A1 true WO1998007732A1 (de) | 1998-02-26 |
Family
ID=7804311
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/DE1997/001823 WO1998007732A1 (de) | 1996-08-23 | 1997-08-18 | Wismutdendrimere, verfahren zu ihrer herstellung und ihre verwendung als röntgenkontrastmittel |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6156873A (de) |
EP (1) | EP0923588A1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU4112097A (de) |
CA (1) | CA2263641A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE19635419C1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1998007732A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2004066975A1 (en) * | 2002-12-18 | 2004-08-12 | Hough Ear Institute | Otologic nanotechnology |
MX2008003067A (es) * | 2005-09-14 | 2008-03-18 | Wisconsin Alumni Res Found | Composicion que comrpende un dendrimero y el uso del mismo para enlazar fosfato. |
WO2009143388A2 (en) * | 2008-05-21 | 2009-11-26 | Carnegie Mellon University | Luminescent multimodal nanoparticle probe system and method of manufacture thereof |
JP6032558B2 (ja) * | 2013-09-17 | 2016-11-30 | 住友電装株式会社 | 端子金具付き導体 |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1993010824A1 (fr) * | 1991-12-04 | 1993-06-10 | Guerbet S.A. | Nouveau compose macromoleculaire polyamine iode, son procede de preparation et son utilisation comme agent de contraste |
EP0716091A1 (de) * | 1993-08-23 | 1996-06-12 | Nissan Chemical Industries, Limited | Tris(substituiertes phenyl)wismut derivat |
WO1996022994A1 (en) * | 1995-01-26 | 1996-08-01 | Nycomed Imaging A/S | Bismuth compounds |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1056542A (en) * | 1963-05-13 | 1967-01-25 | M & T Chemicals Inc | Organobismuth compounds |
DE1302637B (de) * | 1963-05-15 | M & T Chemicals Inc |
-
1996
- 1996-08-23 DE DE19635419A patent/DE19635419C1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1997
- 1997-08-18 CA CA002263641A patent/CA2263641A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1997-08-18 AU AU41120/97A patent/AU4112097A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1997-08-18 EP EP97938795A patent/EP0923588A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1997-08-18 US US09/242,673 patent/US6156873A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-08-18 WO PCT/DE1997/001823 patent/WO1998007732A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1993010824A1 (fr) * | 1991-12-04 | 1993-06-10 | Guerbet S.A. | Nouveau compose macromoleculaire polyamine iode, son procede de preparation et son utilisation comme agent de contraste |
EP0716091A1 (de) * | 1993-08-23 | 1996-06-12 | Nissan Chemical Industries, Limited | Tris(substituiertes phenyl)wismut derivat |
WO1996022994A1 (en) * | 1995-01-26 | 1996-08-01 | Nycomed Imaging A/S | Bismuth compounds |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2263641A1 (en) | 1998-02-26 |
US6156873A (en) | 2000-12-05 |
DE19635419C1 (de) | 1998-08-20 |
EP0923588A1 (de) | 1999-06-23 |
AU4112097A (en) | 1998-03-06 |
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