WO1993013860A1 - Broyeur et element tranchant pour broyeur - Google Patents

Broyeur et element tranchant pour broyeur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1993013860A1
WO1993013860A1 PCT/DE1993/000034 DE9300034W WO9313860A1 WO 1993013860 A1 WO1993013860 A1 WO 1993013860A1 DE 9300034 W DE9300034 W DE 9300034W WO 9313860 A1 WO9313860 A1 WO 9313860A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
knife
elements
recess
rotor
comminution
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE1993/000034
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Dieter Knauss
Original Assignee
Gross, Stefan
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gross, Stefan filed Critical Gross, Stefan
Priority to EP93901685A priority Critical patent/EP0620762B1/fr
Priority to DE9320443U priority patent/DE9320443U1/de
Priority to DE59302112T priority patent/DE59302112D1/de
Publication of WO1993013860A1 publication Critical patent/WO1993013860A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/14—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers
    • B02C18/145—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers with knives spaced axially and circumferentially on the periphery of a cylindrical rotor unit

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a comminution device with means for supplying objects, in particular wood waste, to a drivable, cylindrical rotor device with knife elements for comminuting the wood waste, and in particular with a perforated screen device which surrounds the rotor device in some areas.
  • the invention further relates to a knife element for a comminution device with a rotor device equipped with knife elements.
  • Such crushing machines are able, for. B. Pallets, chisels, coated chipboard, etc. to process in compact firewood chips. In addition to a favorable price / performance ratio, high reliability and a long service life are expected from such devices.
  • a hopper is filled with wood waste by machine or by hand by tipping over a storage container.
  • An existing hydraulically controlled feed unit presses the filling material onto a slowly running profile rotor device.
  • This profiled rotor device has, as knife elements, square plate elements which are offset in a rectangular groove provided in the form of a helix in the circumference of the rotor device, so that they run in the longitudinal direction of the rotor device in the form of a spiral.
  • Such wood crushing machines have been used reliably for a long time.
  • the manufacture of the rotor device is relatively complex since a helical rectangular groove on the Surface of the rotor device must be made.
  • the knife elements are arranged in the form of a spiral on the rotor device, the wood waste to be shredded or parts thereof thereof are shifted to one side in the longitudinal direction of the rotor device as a result of the rotation of the rotor device, which has an adverse effect on the homogeneity the crushed wood waste mass.
  • the noise pollution when operating such comminution devices is not insignificant.
  • the invention is based on the technical problem of specifying a comminuting device which is improved compared to the prior art mentioned and which has a simple and robust structure, is economical to manufacture and, in addition to high reliability and a long service life, a great homogeneity of the comminuted wood material guaranteed. Furthermore, the invention is based on the problem of specifying an improved knife element with which the rotor device of a comminution device, in particular of the type mentioned at the beginning, can be equipped.
  • the shredding device according to the invention is given by the features of claim 1.
  • the knife element according to the invention is given by the features of claim 9.
  • Advantageous designs of the comminution device or the knife element are the subject of further subclaims.
  • the comminution device according to the invention is accordingly characterized in that the rotor device essentially Chen has a smooth surface and the knife elements have a triangular peripheral contour, which are arranged with a triangle side directly on the surface of the rotor device.
  • the knife elements are preferably designed as equilateral triangular plate elements. Due to the smooth surface of the rotor device, the additional incorporation of the right-angled helical grooves, as in the known woodworking devices, can be omitted. Because the cutting tip can be formed with an angle of less than 90 degrees due to the triangular contour of the knife element, there is a better wedge effect than with the cutting corners of the square knife elements with 90 degrees.
  • the wood waste is squeezed more than sheared, which has an unfavorable effect on the homogeneity and the processing time for reducing the wood waste. Due to the relatively good wedge effect at smaller angles of the cutting tip of the comminution device according to the invention, very good results are achieved in terms of processing time and comminution quality.
  • equilateral triangular plate elements a total of six cutting edges are produced, which can be used in succession by rotating or turning the knife element for comminuting the wood material.
  • the knife element itself is automatically locked by being placed on it.
  • the knife elements are arranged along two opposing screw lines in the circumferential direction on the rotor device.
  • the wood material to be shredded in front of the rotor device is not displaced in one direction as in the known shredding devices. Rather, one is more or less permanently uniform distribution of the wood material present between the knife elements and the counter knife device is guaranteed.
  • Each knife element is preferably assigned a knife carrier element fastened on the surface of the rotor device, which can be fastened in a simple manner by means of a welded connection on the rotor device.
  • a particularly simple embodiment with regard to the replacement of the knife elements or the change in the position of the knife elements, in the event that a cutting edge has become blunt, is characterized in that the knife element has a recess with an internal thread and the associated knife carrier element Has recess, wherein both recesses are in alignment when the knife element is placed on the knife carrier element and the knife element is detachably fastened to the knife carrier element by a fastening screw which can be inserted from the recess of the knife carrier element.
  • the knife element in the edge region of the recess has a cross-sectional reinforcement on at least one side, which is preferably conical.
  • this cross-sectional reinforcement the forces acting on the knife element during the comminution process are distributed over a larger cross-sectional area, so that lower stresses arise which reduce the stress on the knife element and increase its service life.
  • the knife carrier element preferably has a configuration which is designed in accordance with the cross-sectional reinforcement of the knife element and into which the cross-section reinforcement is introduced before the knife element is fastened, as a result of which a certain locking is achieved.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic perspective of an inventive shredding device with a rotor device with triangular knife elements in an overview
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic perspective illustration of a rotor device with triangular, spirally arranged knife elements and a counter knife device
  • FIG. 4 side view of a. 3,
  • FIG. 3 side view of a knife element screwed to a knife carrier element according to FIG. 3,
  • FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view of a triangular knife element with associated knife support element and fastening screw and 7 shows a schematic illustration of the combing of the knife elements in the counter knife device, the rotor device and counter knife device being arranged at a distance from one another.
  • a comminution device 10 has a funnel-shaped container device 12 on the upper side.
  • the container device 12 has a rectangular top opening for filling with wood waste, a transverse side of the container device 12 being arranged obliquely so that the wood waste to be filled can easily reach a plate level 14 on the underside.
  • the wood waste located on the plate level 14 is pushed towards a rotor device 18 by means of a slide device 16.
  • the slide device 16 is moved via a gimbal-mounted hydraulic cylinder, the drive and control elements of the hydraulic cylinder 20 not being shown in FIG. 1.
  • the design of the drive and control elements is known to the person skilled in the art.
  • the rotor device 18 is driven via a drive unit 22 by means of a V-belt 21 and rotates relatively slowly about its axis of rotation 23.
  • the control devices for the drive unit 22 are not shown in FIG. 1 for the sake of clarity.
  • a perforated screen device 24 in the form of a circular section is arranged in regions around the rotor device 18, which has a hole pattern 25 with a predetermined spacing and diameter of the holes.
  • the cylindrical rotor device 18 has a smooth surface 26.
  • the axis of rotation of the rotor device 18 is arranged substantially perpendicular to the sliding direction of the slide device 16.
  • knife elements 28 which have the shape of equilateral triangular plate elements.
  • a triangle side lies directly on the smooth surface 26 of the rotor device 18. The anchoring of the knife elements 28 on the rotor device 18 is further described below.
  • the knife elements 28 are arranged in a spiral shape around the surface of the rotor device 18. The arrangement is selected such that the knife elements 28 form two opposing spirals (S1; S2) in the circumferential direction of the rotor device 18 (FIG. 2).
  • a counter knife device 30 which, according to the outer contour of the knife elements 28, has triangular grooves 32 which form an angle of 60 degrees and are arranged in the transverse direction parallel to the axis of rotation 23.
  • the counter knife device 30 in FIG. 2 is spaced from the rotor device 18 and is shown in front of the rotor device 18. In the crushing device 10 according to FIG. 1, the counter knife device is located behind the rotor device, the grooves 32 facing the rotor device.
  • a catch device 34 for the shredded wood material is shown schematically.
  • the shredded wood material is removed to the outside from the catching device 34 by means of a transport screw (not shown).
  • a transport screw not shown
  • the shredding process now proceeds as follows. After the wood waste has been filled into the container device 12, the wood waste is fed to the rotor device 18 by means of the slide device 16. As a result of the rotation of the rotor device 18, the wood waste becomes between the knife elements 28 of the rotor device 18 and the counter knife device 10 pressed through, the wood waste is crushed by shear and crushing forces.
  • the perforated screen device 24 surrounding the rotor device 18 determines the size of the shredded wood chips falling into the catching device 34. Depending on the hole diameter of the perforated sieve device 24, the chips can have different dimensions.
  • the wood material to be shredded is distributed relatively evenly over the entire width of the rotor device 18 at the shredding location between the counter knife device 30 and the knife elements 28.
  • This ensures a relatively high homogeneity of the shredded wood material and also causes the knife elements 28 to be worn out relatively evenly, whereas this is not the case with the known shredding devices, since the knife elements are arranged in the form of a single spiral and as a result of the rotation of the rotor device the resulting wood material is shifted to one side of the rotor device depending on the inclination of the spiral and the knives arranged there are therefore subject to greater wear.
  • the double output is achieved with the same power requirement compared to the known shredding devices.
  • the equalization of the comminution process over the entire width of the rotor device in the area of the counter-knife device 30 also results in significantly less noise during cutting than with the known devices.
  • the comminution effect is also improved by the advantageous choice of equilateral triangular knife elements 28, since here the cutting edge 35 is only 60 degrees, whereas in the known comminution devices with the square plate knife elements the cutting edge is 90 degrees.
  • the wood material obtained is more squeezed, while in the knife elements according to the invention, the comminution takes place primarily by means of a shearing process due to the relatively sharp cutting edge.
  • each knife element 28 is assigned a knife carrier element 36 which has a substantially triangular cross-sectional shape.
  • the cross-sectional dimensions of the knife carrier element 36 are selected to be somewhat smaller than those of the knife elements 28.
  • the knife carrier element 36 is fastened to the surface 26 of the rotor device 18 via weld seams 38. In this case, the knife carrier element 36 has a larger dimension in its longitudinal direction than the knife element 28 itself.
  • the underside of the knife carrier element 36 is adapted to the cylindrical surface shape of the rotor device 18.
  • the measuring element 28 has a central recess 40 with an internal thread 42.
  • the knife carrier element 36 has a recess 44, the recess 44 and the recess 40 being in alignment when the knife element 28 is attached.
  • an essentially conical cross-sectional reinforcement 46 is present in the edge region of the recess 40 on both sides of the knife element 28.
  • the recess 44 of the knife carrier element 36 has a conical recess 45 with a linearly variable radius in the area of the cross-sectional reinforcement 46 of the knife element 28.
  • this is now placed on the knife carrier element 36, as a result of which the cross-sectional reinforcement 46 designed as a centering cone engages in the recess 45 designed as a receiving cone, and from behind a fastening screw 48 is inserted into the recess 44, which is then inserted into the internal thread 42 of the recess 40 is screwed in.
  • the knife element 28 acts like a screw nut.
  • This simple type of attachment makes it possible to easily detach the connection between the knife carrier element and the knife element 28 if necessary, so that a worn cutting edge of the knife element 28 can be replaced by a sharp cutting edge by turning or turning the knife element.
  • the screw can be temporarily secured against rotation by applying an adhesive to the internal thread.
  • a total of six cutting edges are available in the knife element according to the invention, which can each be used in a simple manner if required.
  • the arrangement of the triangular knife elements shown on the smooth surface 26 of the rotor device 18 is only one of the many possible variants.
  • the pitch of the spirals and the number of knife elements in the circumferential direction can be adapted to the particular conditions required. It is also possible according to the invention to provide a plurality of opposing spirals equipped with knife elements.
  • the knife elements which are often referred to as indexable inserts, are made of a special steel, in particular
  • the knife support for securing against rotation is not present on the knife carrier element, but rather directly on the rotor, i. H. the outer surface of the rotor forms the contact surface and thus the anti-rotation device of the knife element. Nor is it
  • a screw head is present. According to the screw head is not countersunk, so that the effort for providing a countersink is not necessary. There is also no need to provide a sleeve in order to keep the thread free of transverse forces, since there is a cross-sectional reinforcement on the knife element.
  • the knife according to the invention preferably consists of an equilateral triangle.
  • the triangle tips of the triangle are designed as surfaces, the width of which can be adapted to the respectively required conditions. By doing without the top. Formation of the triangle corner point, a longer service life of the device is achieved according to the invention.
  • a thread is attached according to the invention.
  • the knife is thus releasably attached to the knife carrier element. It is not necessary to provide a mother.
  • a security of the screw against loosening is provided according to the invention in that either a locking washer is arranged between the knife and knife carrier element, which claws between the knife carrier and the knife element when the screw is tightened and / or an adhesive is provided within the thread.
  • the arrangement of the knife elements on the rotor consists of two opposing screw lines. At the same time, however, it has proven to be advantageous that the
  • the counter knife consists of one or more flat steel pieces with corresponding lengths. On . one of the two long sides, the blades are milled in the form of serrations so that there is a sharp corner that can be used for cutting on the upper and lower sides.
  • the counter knife is screwed onto the knife carrier, which is fastened in the frame, preferably by means of countersunk screws.
  • the counter knife is fixed in position with the countersunk head of the screw. When turning or when replacing the counter knife, this is caused by the countersink and the countersunk screws
  • a gap 66 is present.
  • this has the consequence that in the area of the tip of a prong 68 the an additional crushing edge is created, which has a favorable effect on the crushing of the filled, inhomogeneous material.
  • elements which are not suitable for comminution can fall through the gap 66, such as in particular

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)

Abstract

Un broyeur (10) comprend un rotor cylindrique (18) pourvu d'éléments tranchants (28) et sert notamment à broyer des déchets de bois. Le rotor (18) présente une surface essentiellement lisse (26) et les éléments tranchants (28) ont un profil péripherique triangulaire dont un des côtés est situé à la surface (26) du rotor (18). Ce broyeur est très fiable, a une longue vie utile et permet d'obtenir un matériau broyé très homogène de manière très économique.
PCT/DE1993/000034 1992-01-15 1993-01-14 Broyeur et element tranchant pour broyeur WO1993013860A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP93901685A EP0620762B1 (fr) 1992-01-15 1993-01-14 Broyeur et element tranchant pour broyeur
DE9320443U DE9320443U1 (de) 1992-01-15 1993-01-14 Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung und Messerelement für eine Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung
DE59302112T DE59302112D1 (de) 1992-01-15 1993-01-14 Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung und messerelement für eine zerkleinerungsvorrichtung

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4200796A DE4200796A1 (de) 1992-01-15 1992-01-15 Holzzerkleinerungsvorrichtung und messerelement fuer eine holzzerkleinerungsvorrichtung
DEP4200796.8 1992-01-15

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1993013860A1 true WO1993013860A1 (fr) 1993-07-22

Family

ID=6449506

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/DE1993/000034 WO1993013860A1 (fr) 1992-01-15 1993-01-14 Broyeur et element tranchant pour broyeur

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0620762B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE4200796A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1993013860A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT210U1 (de) * 1994-05-09 1995-05-26 Wagner Gerhard Wagner Gerhard Zerkleinerungseinrichtung
DE9418544U1 (de) * 1994-11-19 1995-03-16 Alpirsbacher Maschinenbau GmbH & Co.KG, 72275 Alpirsbach Metallspänezerkleinerer
DE4443571A1 (de) * 1994-12-07 1996-06-13 Heckert Umwelttechnik Gmbh Rotorvorrichtung
DE29700363U1 (de) 1997-01-10 1997-04-24 Thoma, Lućia, 76744 Wörth Vorrichtung zur Zerkleinerung von Gesteinen und Gesteinsgemischen
GB0013623D0 (en) * 2000-06-06 2000-07-26 Turner Dev Ltd A shredder
FI20055499A0 (fi) 2005-09-19 2005-09-19 Tana Oy Murskauslaite ja roottori murskauslaitetta varten

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3202369A (en) * 1963-01-16 1965-08-24 Steel Briquette Corp Rotary sheet metal tearing devices
DE2332060A1 (de) * 1973-06-23 1975-01-16 Alpine Ag Vorzerkleinerer fuer stanzgitterabfaelle
FR2451777A1 (fr) * 1979-03-23 1980-10-17 Tabel Rene Dechiqueteur
WO1985000303A1 (fr) * 1983-07-06 1985-01-31 E.L.M. Faaborg A/S Outil de coupe, specialement pour couper des cables de rebut
US4776375A (en) * 1986-10-14 1988-10-11 Stanley Arasmith Winged cutting knife for producing wood chips or flakes
EP0387868A2 (fr) * 1989-03-15 1990-09-19 Klöckner Maschinen- und Anlagenbau GmbH Dispositif de broyage pour déchets de bois
DE4000887A1 (de) * 1990-01-13 1991-07-18 Karl Ackermann Vorrichtung zum zerkleinern von material aller art, insbesondere brennbarer abfall wie stangenholz und aeste

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3202369A (en) * 1963-01-16 1965-08-24 Steel Briquette Corp Rotary sheet metal tearing devices
DE2332060A1 (de) * 1973-06-23 1975-01-16 Alpine Ag Vorzerkleinerer fuer stanzgitterabfaelle
FR2451777A1 (fr) * 1979-03-23 1980-10-17 Tabel Rene Dechiqueteur
WO1985000303A1 (fr) * 1983-07-06 1985-01-31 E.L.M. Faaborg A/S Outil de coupe, specialement pour couper des cables de rebut
US4776375A (en) * 1986-10-14 1988-10-11 Stanley Arasmith Winged cutting knife for producing wood chips or flakes
EP0387868A2 (fr) * 1989-03-15 1990-09-19 Klöckner Maschinen- und Anlagenbau GmbH Dispositif de broyage pour déchets de bois
DE4000887A1 (de) * 1990-01-13 1991-07-18 Karl Ackermann Vorrichtung zum zerkleinern von material aller art, insbesondere brennbarer abfall wie stangenholz und aeste

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59302112D1 (de) 1996-05-09
DE4200796A1 (de) 1993-05-27
EP0620762B1 (fr) 1996-04-03
EP0620762A1 (fr) 1994-10-26

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