WO1990007724A1 - Microscope a eclairage echangeable - Google Patents

Microscope a eclairage echangeable Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1990007724A1
WO1990007724A1 PCT/EP1986/000755 EP8600755W WO9007724A1 WO 1990007724 A1 WO1990007724 A1 WO 1990007724A1 EP 8600755 W EP8600755 W EP 8600755W WO 9007724 A1 WO9007724 A1 WO 9007724A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
microscope
slide
lamp
lamps
microscope according
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP1986/000755
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Klaus Schindl
Karl Moser
Original Assignee
Klaus Schindl
Karl Moser
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19858535272 external-priority patent/DE8535272U1/de
Application filed by Klaus Schindl, Karl Moser filed Critical Klaus Schindl
Publication of WO1990007724A1 publication Critical patent/WO1990007724A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B21/00—Microscopes
    • G02B21/06—Means for illuminating specimens
    • G02B21/08—Condensers
    • G02B21/088—Condensers for both incident illumination and transillumination

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a microscope. It is particularly in the field of microscope illumination devices.
  • the lamp arrangement provided for transmitted light illumination at the very bottom in the vertical part is particularly difficult to access from the outside.
  • the replacement required in the event of such a lamp failing is more than cumbersome and tedious. This is especially true for large research microscopes, which are at a fixed work ⁇ space with the back of her vertical part on a wall, if possible, even the side of the V ertikalteil accessories of all kinds are connected.
  • the vertical part must be particularly stable in large microscopes. Holes, openings or other lateral apertures which could facilitate echsel a lamp W should be avoided if possible.
  • the term “lamp” is understood to mean the light source with the associated reflector and / or the associated socket when these are replaced as a unit, otherwise only the light source itself.
  • a microscope with a base part or a base plate or a base, with a crosshead and a base part and crosshead connecting vertical region is proposed, in which at least one lamp for microscope illumination is arranged in the vertical region, one from above at least one lamp holds slidable in and out of the vertical area substantially in the vertical direction.
  • a lamp change can be carried out easily in the microscope according to the invention, since the vertical region of the stand is generally easily accessible from above.
  • the arrangement of the lamp on an insertable and executable slide also makes it possible to reach locations deep in the tripod via an insertion opening located at the upper end of the vertical region and to easily change the lamp there.
  • this option is particularly useful for changing the lamp.
  • means for heat dissipation are provided adjacent to the at least one lamp, which are intended to prevent the heat dissipated from the lamp from heating local areas of the microscope mechanism or the stand in such a way that there are tensions or warps and thus inaccuracies comes, which interfere with the operation of the microscope, especially when working with high magnifications.
  • essentially vertically extending ribs are arranged adjacent to at least one of the lamps, which is preferably done on the slide itself, which advantageously consists of a highly thermally conductive material, for example aluminum.
  • At least two lamps for different types of illumination such as transmitted light and incident light are successively attached to the slide in the longitudinal direction, in such a way that when the slide is inserted they are precisely adjusted for the corresponding beam path.
  • the center points of the lamps expediently lie on the central longitudinal axis of the slide or on a straight line running parallel to the same.
  • At least two identical lamps are successively attached to the slide in the longitudinal direction, one lamp serving for normal operation and the second serving as a reserve. If a lamp fails, it is therefore only necessary to move the slide by the distance that separates the centers of the two adjacent lamps, with markings or catches facilitating this process.
  • the slide is provided with a guide on at least two diametrically opposite longitudinal areas, which facilitates insertion into a continuous or discontinuous pair of rails in the interior of the vertical area of the stand. If the slide is formed symmetrically to that plane which contains the two guides lying opposite one another, it is possible to orient and align successive lamps in the slide so that a lamp change by rotating the slide about its longitudinal central axis about one An angle of 180 ° or by pulling out and then inserting the slider rotated by 180 ° about the longitudinal axis can easily be carried out.
  • locking means which can be brought into engagement with one another on the slide and / or in the region of its guide or holder on the stand are expediently provided, which are assigned to the defined positions of the at least one lamp, so that the adjustment of the individual lamps with respect the associated beam path can also be carried out by inexperienced persons without difficulty.
  • the shift itself can be done manually or mechanically controlled, but details in this regard are not shown.
  • the slide is essentially symmetrical to a plane which is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the slide.
  • the slide contains plug members which can be brought together with complementary plug members when inserted into the vertical region of the stand, the current supply to the lamps being carried out via the plug members and corresponding lines but are not explicitly shown in all details. If the slider contains a plurality of lamps which follow one another in the longitudinal direction, it is advisable to cascade the connector members assigned to the lamps which follow one another in the longitudinal direction, so that the fixed connector members for the upper lamp in the vertical region of the stand insert the slider and the ones with this connected plug member associated with the lower lamp does not interfere.
  • the current supply to the lamps takes place via at least one current rail which is attached in the vertical region of the stand and which, for example, the guide rail for holding the Can be slider, wherein when the slider is pushed in and out, at least one pantograph connected to the slider engages the busbar.
  • the slide in the lamp used for lighting is provided with replacement lamps which are arranged above or below this lamp, which is currently active, it is advisable to make the busbar non-conductive in discrete areas. This can be done, for example, by covering parts of the • 'busbar with an insulator. This measure has the effect that only the pantograph which supplies the lamp which is currently in operation rests on the conductive region of the conductor rail, while the pantographs of the other lamps rest on the insulator in this operating state, so that these lamps are automatically switched off.
  • the slide is received and guided in a substantially vertical shaft, the shaft being connected at its lower or upper end to air supply or discharge openings arranged at the bottom or top in the vertical region of the stand stands.
  • the shaft is provided at least on its side areas and on its rear side with an essentially continuous wall, which increases the chimney effect.
  • the slide is expediently thermally insulated from the shaft and / or the shaft from the vertical region of the stand, so that no thermal bridges arise.
  • the light exit openings on the front of the shaft preferably carry translucent heat filters, which can be selected such that they simultaneously filter out a desired spectral range for the lighting.
  • the invention also provides a microscope lamp holder which is designed such that it can be mounted in a lamp housing with electrical contacts, the lamp housing being able to be connected to a vertical support or the vertical region of the stand of a microscope , which extends upwards from “the microscope base.
  • the microscope lamp holder contains a heat-conducting carrier, base means for holding a lamp, the base means being held on the carrier, heat dissipation means for dissipating the heat from the carrier and electrical means for connecting the contacts to the lamp.
  • the lamp housing can form an integral part of the support.
  • the heat dissipation means contain a plurality of vertically oriented fins. They are preferably an integral part of the carrier, which preferably contains a second base for holding a second lamp. The second base is expediently arranged adjacent to the first base, so that the carrier has a spare bulb ready.
  • the electrical means can be designed such that they alternately supply the first and second lamps with current. According to a further alternative, the two lamps are supplied with current by the electrical means at the same time.
  • Fig. 1 shows a side view of an embodiment of a microscope according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 shows a longitudinal section through an area of the lamp holder and its attachment in the vertical area of the microscope stand.
  • Fig. 3 shows a vertical section perpendicular to the sectional view of Fig. 2 along the plane indicated there with III-III.
  • FIG. 4 shows a horizontal section along the plane IV-IV of FIG. 2 through the microscope area shown there.
  • Fig. 5 shows a view similar to that in Fig. 3, but on a reduced scale, in which the entire slide is shown.
  • FIG. 6 shows a top view of the slide shown in FIG. 5.
  • FIG. 7 shows a longitudinal vertical section similar to the illustration in FIG. 2 of a variant of the illumination device, in which a replacement lamp is used under the microscope illumination
  • Lamp is arranged.
  • FIG. 8 shows a schematic representation of a variant of the lighting device in which a replacement lamp is provided both for the incident light and for the transmitted light illumination.
  • FIG. 9 shows a schematic view similar to that of FIG. 8, in which an exchange of the currently active lamps is possible by turning the slide.
  • FIG. 10 shows a further illustration in which incident light and transmitted light illumination can be carried out by means of three different lamps which can be introduced into the beam path and which are arranged on a vertically displaceable slide.
  • FIG. 11 shows a variant of the arrangement shown in FIG. 10, in which the slide can be rotated about its longitudinal axis and adjacent lamps are oriented in opposite directions.
  • FIG. 1 shows a side view of a microscope 10 with a C-shaped stand 11, which consists of a base plate 13 which runs essentially parallel to a support surface 12, a vertical region 14 and a crosshead 15.
  • a binocular housing 16 with eyepieces 17 is attached, on the underside a nosepiece 18 with a number of objectives of different magnifications, of which the objective 19 is aligned with the optical axis 0-0 'of the microscope in the state shown.
  • a shaft 20 which, for example, has a rectangular cross section can have and extends from the bottom 21 of the microscope to the top 22 of the same. Cooling air flows into the shaft 20 through air inlet slots 23, which are attached to the rear end of the underside 21 of the stand 11, as indicated by the arrows K, in order to cool lamps of the lighting device fitted in the shaft 20.
  • the lighting device contains a lamp LD for transmitted light illumination and a lamp LA- for incident light illumination, both of which are fastened to a slide 24, which is only indicated schematically and which is accessible from the top 22 of the objective through an opening 25 which can be closed by a cover 26, can be inserted into and withdrawn from the shaft 20.
  • the cover 26 contains oblique
  • the shaft 20 contains on its front outlet openings 28, 29 for the
  • Illumination beam bundle the optical axis for the incident light illumination beam bundle being indicated by A and the transmitted light illumination beam bundle being indicated by D.
  • Thermal protection filters 30, 31 are inserted into the openings 28, 29. Additional lighting can also be reflected in from the side via a prism (not shown), as is indicated, for example, for fluorescent lighting by reference numeral 32.
  • the shaft 20 is fixedly mounted in the vertical region 14, wherein, as indicated by the reference numbers 33, 34, heat-insulating components are interposed, which prevent heat conduction from the shaft to the stand.
  • the rail 24 is also held in the shaft 20 via the interposition of heat-insulating means.
  • the connectors 35, 36 can simultaneously 'omzu Entry ul not shown cause the lamps LA and LD, which is feasible, however, in other ways, for example by means of a current rail.
  • Cross support 42 exists, the latter not being the subject of the invention.
  • a condenser 44 can be held for the transmitted light illumination.
  • the object table 40 is mounted freestanding in front of the vertical region 14 of the stand 11 on columns 45, 46, which form the guide for the vertical displacement of the object table 40.
  • the lower ends of the columns 45, 46 are held in the base plate 13 of the stand 11.
  • the upper ends of the columns 45, 46 are gripped by cylindrical guide parts 48, 49 which are attached to the underside of the table support 41 and can be displaced along the same relative to the columns 45, 46.
  • a drive device for the vertical adjustment of the object table 40 in the direction of the double arrow V is indicated by the double actuation button 50, by rotating it clockwise or counterclockwise, the object table 40 is raised or lowered in a known manner.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 show a preferred exemplary embodiment of a microscope which is designed in the manner according to the invention. It can be seen that in the vertical region 14 of the microscope stand and adjacent to the rear wall 81 thereof and close to the side walls 82, 83, the shaft 20 is fastened in a vertically extending manner. This is done by means of the heat-insulating components '33, 34 in the upper or lower corner area or, as can be seen from FIGS. 3 and 4, by means of insulating blocks 84, which on the one hand on the rear wall 81 of the vertical area 14 on the other hand by means of screws 85 and 86 are attached to the rear of the shaft 20.
  • the blocks 84 which pass through the wall of the shaft 20, are used in the interior of the shaft 20 in order to receive the plug connectors 89, 90 of the plug connections 35, 36, of which connecting wires, at their inwardly projecting ends 87 and 88, respectively 91a, 91b or 92a, 92b lead to a power supply and switches in between in a manner not shown. It can be seen in particular from FIGS.
  • projections 87 are shorter than the projections 88, so that the female connectors 89 are adjacent to the side walls of the shaft 20, while the female connectors 90 are cascaded further inward, so that the associated ones Components of the plug connections 35, 36 fastened to the slide 24 when the slide 24 is pushed in and out Projections 87 can easily pass.
  • guide rails 93, 94 made of a thermally insulating material are fastened to the side walls of the shaft 20, for example by means of screws 95 as in the case shown.
  • the guide rails run in the vertical direction along the shaft walls and contain inward-facing guide surfaces 96 and projections 97 projecting inward therefrom.
  • the slide 24 is described in more detail below.
  • the slide 24 consists of an elongated plate
  • the ribs 101 are provided, the distribution of the ribs 101 on the front and rear being chosen such that the slide 24 is thermally stable and has the largest possible surface.
  • vertically extending guide channels 102 are attached, into which the projections 97 of the guide rails 93, 94 engage.
  • the ribs 101 are interrupted and the plate 100 has an opening so that the lamps can be used.
  • the lamps contain a lamp base 103, which is provided with bores 104, via which the base is screwed onto the plate 100 by means of screws 105 in threaded bores provided for this purpose.
  • the lamps also contain a connection plate 106, from which electrical lines 107a, 107b and 108a, 108b lead to the parts of the plug connection 35, 36 fastened to the slide 24, which are designated as 35a and 36a in FIG. 5 and from thermal and there are electrically insulating blocks which hold the male connector 111 and 112, respectively.
  • the lamps contain a screen or reflector 113 and a lamp 114.
  • a grip hole 115 is provided at the upper end of the slide 24, in order to facilitate pulling out and pushing the slide into the shaft 20.
  • FIG. 7 shows a detailed view similar to that of FIG. 2 of a variant of the lighting device, in which an identical lamp LA 1 is mounted on the slide 24 below the lamp LA used for the incident light.
  • power is supplied by means of two busbars.
  • the one busbar 120 which in the case shown is connected to the negative pole of the voltage source, is integrated in the guide rail 93, so that the slide 24 is in contact with the busbar 21 during its entire displacement along the latter.
  • the slide 24 is made of electrically conductive material and the minus pole of the lamp lies directly on the slide 24.
  • the second bus bar 121 is mounted on the inner rear wall of the well 20, wherein if the well 20 is made of metal, an intermediate layer 122 made of an electrically insulated material is interposed.
  • an insulating layer 123 is applied in discrete areas, so that only the area indicated by reference numeral 124 is exposed in the area of the busbar shown in FIG. 7.
  • the position of the area 124 is selected such that a resilient sliding contact 125, which is connected to the via an electrically insulating intermediate piece 126 Slider 24 is fixed, in this conductive area, comes when the lamp LA connected to the positive pole by means of the line 107a assumes its working position, ie when its central axis is aligned with the optical axis A for the reflected light illumination.
  • the corresponding sliding contact 125 ' which is fastened to the slide 24 via the insulating intermediate piece 126' and leads to the positive pole of the lamp LA 'via the line 107a 1 , then lies on the insulator 123, so that only the Lamp LA lights up when there is voltage on the busbars. If the lamp LA has failed, the slide 24 is shifted upward, as indicated by the arrow S, by the distance T1 which corresponds to the distance between the center axes of the lamps LA and LA '.
  • This distance also corresponds to the distance between the sliding contacts 125, 125 'on the slide 24, so that when the central axis of the lamp LA' is aligned with the optical axis A of the incident light beam, the slide 125 'gets into the conductive region 124 of the busbar 121 , while the slide 125 reaches the insulated region 123 lying above it.
  • latching holes R are provided on a further electrically insulating rail 127, which forms part of the busbar or lies next to it.
  • a spring-loaded ball catch 128 causes an exact adjustment of the lamps LA and LA 'when they snap into place.
  • FIG. 8 to 11 schematically show three variants for the possibilities of a simple lamp change using the slide 24.
  • a replacement lamp LA 'or LD' is provided for each of the two types of lighting, ie for the lamp LA and the lamp LD, the replacement lamps being direct are arranged under the lamps intended for normal operation. By lifting the slide S, the replacement lamps get into the beam path A or D.
  • FIG. 9 shows a further variant, in which a slide 24 is arranged in the shaft 20 and carries an identical lamp LA or LD in its end regions. If a lamp fails in one of the two lighting systems, the slide 24 is pulled out completely and rotated about its central symmetry plane MS-MS, as shown by the arrow 130, by 180 ° and then pushed back in, so that the lamp which is still intact is now in the desired position Beam path is, whose lamp had failed.
  • Fig. 10 shows a further alternative, in which both the reflected light and the transmitted light illumination by means of a lamp L and a. • ⁇ * ; Survey device 131 takes place, an exchange lamp L ′ being arranged above the lamp L and an exchange lamp L ′′ below the lamp L at a defined distance, which is the same in the illustrated case.
  • the replacement lamps can be different in order to take into account different lighting requirements or be identical , just to create a replacement option.
  • FIG. 11 shows a slide 24 with the beam path otherwise corresponding to the embodiment of FIG. 10, the slide 24 being rotatable about its longitudinal axis LL and from the view of FIG. 11 two lamps L and L 'to the right and two lamps L "and L"'' are oriented and aligned to the left.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Microscoopes, Condenser (AREA)

Abstract

Un microscope comprend une base (13), un plateau supérieur (15) et une partie verticale (14) qui relie la base et le plateau supérieur. Au moins une lampe (LA) d'éclairage du microscope est fixée à la partie verticale (14). Une coulisse (24) pouvant être introduite verticalement dans la partie verticale (1) par le haut, et enlevée de la même manière, porte au moins une lampe. La coulisse se compose d'un matériau thermoconducteur et est pourvue de côtes longitudinales. La coulisse est incorporée dans un puits (20) vertical et est thermiquement isolée par rapport au puits.
PCT/EP1986/000755 1985-12-14 1986-12-15 Microscope a eclairage echangeable WO1990007724A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEG8535272.1U 1985-12-14
DE19858535272 DE8535272U1 (fr) 1985-12-14 1985-12-14
DEP3544354.5 1985-12-14
DE3544354 1985-12-14

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1990007724A1 true WO1990007724A1 (fr) 1990-07-12

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ID=25838865

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP1986/000755 WO1990007724A1 (fr) 1985-12-14 1986-12-15 Microscope a eclairage echangeable

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WO (1) WO1990007724A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2005101087A1 (fr) * 2004-04-06 2005-10-27 Carl Zeiss Microimaging Gmbh Unite d'eclairage pour microscope, avec element lumineux dispose dans un tiroir

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3551019A (en) * 1967-11-21 1970-12-29 Zeiss Stiftung Universal microscope
DE2640974A1 (de) * 1976-09-11 1978-03-23 Zeiss Carl Fa Lichtmikroskop inverser bauart
US4148552A (en) * 1975-10-28 1979-04-10 Nippon Kogaku K.K. Microscope adaptable to various observing methods
US4284327A (en) * 1979-01-26 1981-08-18 Ernst Leitz Wetzlar Gmbh Microscope with attachable illuminating devices
DE3037556A1 (de) * 1980-10-01 1982-05-27 Le Materiel Biomedical, Paris Lichtmikroskop
WO1983000745A1 (fr) * 1981-08-26 1983-03-03 REINHEIMER, Günter Microscope inverse fonctionnant par eclairement et/ou par transparence

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3551019A (en) * 1967-11-21 1970-12-29 Zeiss Stiftung Universal microscope
US4148552A (en) * 1975-10-28 1979-04-10 Nippon Kogaku K.K. Microscope adaptable to various observing methods
DE2640974A1 (de) * 1976-09-11 1978-03-23 Zeiss Carl Fa Lichtmikroskop inverser bauart
US4284327A (en) * 1979-01-26 1981-08-18 Ernst Leitz Wetzlar Gmbh Microscope with attachable illuminating devices
DE3037556A1 (de) * 1980-10-01 1982-05-27 Le Materiel Biomedical, Paris Lichtmikroskop
WO1983000745A1 (fr) * 1981-08-26 1983-03-03 REINHEIMER, Günter Microscope inverse fonctionnant par eclairement et/ou par transparence

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2005101087A1 (fr) * 2004-04-06 2005-10-27 Carl Zeiss Microimaging Gmbh Unite d'eclairage pour microscope, avec element lumineux dispose dans un tiroir

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