WO1989012111A1 - Procede de traitement thermique de pieces a usiner metalliques - Google Patents

Procede de traitement thermique de pieces a usiner metalliques Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1989012111A1
WO1989012111A1 PCT/EP1989/000651 EP8900651W WO8912111A1 WO 1989012111 A1 WO1989012111 A1 WO 1989012111A1 EP 8900651 W EP8900651 W EP 8900651W WO 8912111 A1 WO8912111 A1 WO 8912111A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gas
cooling
workpieces
hydrogen
cooling gas
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP1989/000651
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Ulrich Wingens
Original Assignee
Ulrich Wingens
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ulrich Wingens filed Critical Ulrich Wingens
Publication of WO1989012111A1 publication Critical patent/WO1989012111A1/fr

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/56—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering characterised by the quenching agents
    • C21D1/613—Gases; Liquefied or solidified normally gaseous material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
    • C21D1/767—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material with forced gas circulation; Reheating thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
    • C21D1/773—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material under reduced pressure or vacuum

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for the heat treatment of metallic workpieces in a vacuum chamber furnace, in which the workpieces are heated under vacuum and then quenched by means of a cooling gas.
  • an inert gas for example nitrogen or argon
  • the cooling gas is used as the cooling gas, if possible, so that there is no scaling on the surfaces of the workpieces during the quenching process. Such scaling would result if the workpieces came into contact with oxygen or another highly reactive gas during the quenching process, for example.
  • cooling * L speed during the quenching process is relatively low.
  • rapid cooling is essential, especially for hardening steel. Accordingly, cooling
  • the object of the invention is to further develop the method of the incoming Q type initially mentioned in such a way that press with lower gas pressures and / or smaller quantities of gas, sufficiently rapid cooling or using customary according to the prior art gas quantities and Gas ⁇ a much faster cooling during lt - the quenching can be achieved.
  • the invention proposes, starting from the method of the aforementioned, that hydrogen or a hydrogen gas is used as the cooling gas.
  • cooling can be much more effective
  • 35 workpieces are not completely inactive.
  • Air-hardenable steels are high-alloy steels which can be achieved with air cooling
  • Another advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that when quenching workpieces made of oil-hardenable steel, the gas pressure is at least 3 bar
  • Oil-hardenable steels are low-alloy steels which require a high cooling rate for hardening, ie a cooling rate which can conventionally only be achieved with oil as the coolant, but not with air or gas.
  • a cooling rate which is sufficient for oil-hardenable steels can be achieved .
  • the invention thus opens up vacuum hardening with gas cooling for a completely new group of materials which until now could only be hardened with oil.
  • FIG. 1 shows a cross section through a vacuum chamber furnace suitable for the method according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a horizontal longitudinal section to FIG. 1, but without the support device for the workpieces to be treated.
  • the essentially cylindrical housing of a vacuum chamber furnace is designated by the reference symbol 1.
  • This housing 1 is mounted on feet 2 and provided on one end with a tightly closing door 3 (cf. FIG. 2).
  • the housing 1 is provided with a blower 4 and a heat exchanger 5, which are components of the gas circulation described in more detail below.
  • a heating chamber 6 is arranged in the interior of the housing 1. ordered, which is approximately elliptical in cross-section and is thermally insulated from the walls of the housing 1. On the inside of the walls of the heating chamber 6, heating rods 8 are fastened by means of suitable holders 7, which extend over the axial length of the heating chamber 6.
  • gas inlet openings in the form of nozzles 9 are provided on the ceiling and in the bottom of the heating chamber 6, which can simultaneously be supplied with cooling gas via gas supply lines 10 and generate gas flows directed towards the center plane of the heating chamber 6.
  • the workpieces 11 to be treated are arranged in the interior of the heating chamber 6 and are carried by a suitable carrying device 12, which can be designed, for example, as a grid pallet.
  • a suitable carrying device 12 which can be designed, for example, as a grid pallet.
  • cover panels 14 against radiant heat which are arranged at a distance from the respective opening cross section of the slot 13 .
  • the slots 13 serving for gas outlet openings are connected to the suction side of the blower 4 via gas return channels 15 and the heat exchanger 5.
  • the pressure side of the blower 4 in contrast, is connected to the nozzles 9 via the gas feed lines 10.
  • the gas circulation system consisting of the blower 4, the gas supply lines 5, the nozzles 9, the slots 13, the gas return lines 15 and the heat exchanger 5 also connected at a suitable point with control and regulating organs, by means of which the circulated gas quantity can be adapted to the requirements. These control and regulating elements are not shown in the drawing.
  • the workpieces to be treated are arranged where the gas flows generated by the oppositely directed nozzles 9 collide.
  • the colliding gas flows create a largely homogeneous cooling zone around the workpieces 11 through intensive swirling, which guarantees a uniform cooling of the workpieces 11 on all surfaces that come into contact with the cooling gas. Due to the overpressure forming in the impact area and the slots 13 located to the side of the impact, there is a relatively large pressure drop from the impact area to the slots 13, so that the cooling gas is quickly exchanged in the impact area.
  • the workpieces 11 to be treated on the supporting device 12 are first placed in the vacuum chamber furnace explained above.
  • the door 3 is then closed in a pressure-tight manner and the housing 1 is evacuated.
  • the workpieces 11 are then heated to the temperature required for the heat treatment by means of the heating rods 8.
  • the chamber of the vacuum chamber furnace is flooded as quickly as possible with pressurized cooling gas which, in the process according to the invention, consists of hydrogen or a gas mixture which contains at least 20% hydrogen.
  • the remaining components of the gas 1 mixes of course consist of gases that react neither with the hydrogen contained in the mixture nor with the materials of the workpieces to be treated.
  • the quenching time is reduced by up to half compared to conventional cooling gases. Because of the considerably better heat transfer in the method according to the invention, the power required on the blower is only about a tenth of the power that would be required using conventional cooling gases. 5

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)

Abstract

Selon un procédé de traitement thermique de pièces à usiner métalliques dans un four à chambre à vide, les pièces à usiner sont chauffées sous vide puis trempées au moyen d'un gaz de refroidissement. Afin d'obtenir par un tel procédé un refroidissement suffisamment rapide avec des pressions réduites et/ou des quantités réduites de gaz de refroidissement, ou d'obtenir un refroidissement sensiblement plus rapide avec les quantités et les pressions de gaz usuelles selon l'état actuel de la technique, on utilise comme gaz de refroidissement de l'hydrogène ou un mélange gazeux contenant plus de 20 % d'hydrogène.
PCT/EP1989/000651 1988-06-10 1989-06-09 Procede de traitement thermique de pieces a usiner metalliques WO1989012111A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEP3819803.7 1988-06-10
DE19883819803 DE3819803C1 (fr) 1988-06-10 1988-06-10

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1989012111A1 true WO1989012111A1 (fr) 1989-12-14

Family

ID=6356290

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP1989/000651 WO1989012111A1 (fr) 1988-06-10 1989-06-09 Procede de traitement thermique de pieces a usiner metalliques

Country Status (2)

Country Link
DE (1) DE3819803C1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1989012111A1 (fr)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0562250A1 (fr) * 1992-03-17 1993-09-29 Joachim Dr.-Ing. Wünning Procédé et dispositif de trempe de pièces métalliques
EP0795616A1 (fr) * 1996-03-13 1997-09-17 STEIN HEURTEY, Société Anonyme: Procédé de traitement thermique en continu de bandes métalliques dans des atmosphères de nature différente
WO2000044945A1 (fr) * 1999-01-29 2000-08-03 Loi Thermprocess Gmbh Four continu pourvu d'un dispositif pour la trempe de pieces et procede de trempe
WO2002044430A1 (fr) * 2000-11-30 2002-06-06 The Boc Group Plc Procede et appareil de trempe
US6692593B2 (en) * 2001-02-20 2004-02-17 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Method for quenching metallic workpieces
EP1767660A1 (fr) * 2005-09-23 2007-03-28 Sistem Teknik Endustriyel Elektronik Sis. San. Vetic. Ltd. Sti. Four sous vide à seule chambre pour trempe en hydrogène
CN103614522A (zh) * 2013-11-28 2014-03-05 浙江长兴正达电炉制造有限公司 一种卧式真空退火炉的炉内胆
CN108004384A (zh) * 2018-01-23 2018-05-08 江苏石川岛丰东真空技术有限公司 一种真空炉炉体及真空退火炉

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102016118253A1 (de) 2016-09-27 2018-03-29 Schwartz Gmbh Verfahren zur Wärmebehandlung eines metallischen Bauteils

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3736501C1 (de) * 1987-10-28 1988-06-09 Degussa Verfahren zur Waermebehandlung metallischer Werkstuecke

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3735186C1 (de) * 1987-10-17 1988-09-15 Ulrich Wingens Vakuum-Kammerofen

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3736501C1 (de) * 1987-10-28 1988-06-09 Degussa Verfahren zur Waermebehandlung metallischer Werkstuecke

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Härterei_Technische Mittelungen, Band 35, Nr. 5, 1980 (München, DE), F. Limque et al.: "Erfahrungen mit Uberdruck-Gasabschrecken sowie Aufkohlen in Vakuumöfen", Seiten 238-244 *
Härterei-Technische Mitteilungen, Band 39, Nr. 3, Mai/Juni 1984 (München, DE), J.W. Bouwman: "Erfahrungen mit dem Hochdruck-Gasabschrecken in Vakuumöfen und dessen Weiterentwicklung", Seiten 134-138 *
Härterei-Technische Mittelungen, Band 42, Nr. 5, September/Oktober 1987, Carl Hanser Verlag (München, DE), H. Giesser et al.: "Möglichkeiten und Grenzen der Uberdruck-Gaskühlung abkühl-empfindlicher Stähle im Vakuumöfen", Seiten 301-308 *

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0562250A1 (fr) * 1992-03-17 1993-09-29 Joachim Dr.-Ing. Wünning Procédé et dispositif de trempe de pièces métalliques
US5452882A (en) * 1992-03-17 1995-09-26 Wunning; Joachim Apparatus for quenching metallic ring-shaped workpieces
EP0795616A1 (fr) * 1996-03-13 1997-09-17 STEIN HEURTEY, Société Anonyme: Procédé de traitement thermique en continu de bandes métalliques dans des atmosphères de nature différente
FR2746112A1 (fr) * 1996-03-13 1997-09-19 Stein Heurtey Procede de traitement thermique en continu de bandes metalliques dans des atmospheres de nature differente
US5798007A (en) * 1996-03-13 1998-08-25 Stein Heurtey Process and apparatus for the continuous heat treatment of a metal strip travelling in a different atmosphere
WO2000044945A1 (fr) * 1999-01-29 2000-08-03 Loi Thermprocess Gmbh Four continu pourvu d'un dispositif pour la trempe de pieces et procede de trempe
WO2002044430A1 (fr) * 2000-11-30 2002-06-06 The Boc Group Plc Procede et appareil de trempe
US7147732B2 (en) 2000-11-30 2006-12-12 The Boc Group Plc Quenching method and apparatus
US6692593B2 (en) * 2001-02-20 2004-02-17 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Method for quenching metallic workpieces
EP1767660A1 (fr) * 2005-09-23 2007-03-28 Sistem Teknik Endustriyel Elektronik Sis. San. Vetic. Ltd. Sti. Four sous vide à seule chambre pour trempe en hydrogène
CN103614522A (zh) * 2013-11-28 2014-03-05 浙江长兴正达电炉制造有限公司 一种卧式真空退火炉的炉内胆
CN108004384A (zh) * 2018-01-23 2018-05-08 江苏石川岛丰东真空技术有限公司 一种真空炉炉体及真空退火炉

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3819803C1 (fr) 1989-12-14

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