Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
  • C07H19/00—Compounds containing a hetero ring sharing one ring hetero atom with a saccharide radical; Nucleosides; Mononucleotides; Anhydro-derivatives thereof
  • C07H19/02—Compounds containing a hetero ring sharing one ring hetero atom with a saccharide radical; Nucleosides; Mononucleotides; Anhydro-derivatives thereof sharing nitrogen
  • C07H19/04—Heterocyclic radicals containing only nitrogen atoms as ring hetero atom
  • C07H19/06—Pyrimidine radicals
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
  • C07H19/00—Compounds containing a hetero ring sharing one ring hetero atom with a saccharide radical; Nucleosides; Mononucleotides; Anhydro-derivatives thereof
  • C07H19/02—Compounds containing a hetero ring sharing one ring hetero atom with a saccharide radical; Nucleosides; Mononucleotides; Anhydro-derivatives thereof sharing nitrogen
  • C07H19/04—Heterocyclic radicals containing only nitrogen atoms as ring hetero atom
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
  • C07H19/00—Compounds containing a hetero ring sharing one ring hetero atom with a saccharide radical; Nucleosides; Mononucleotides; Anhydro-derivatives thereof
  • C07H19/02—Compounds containing a hetero ring sharing one ring hetero atom with a saccharide radical; Nucleosides; Mononucleotides; Anhydro-derivatives thereof sharing nitrogen
  • C07H19/04—Heterocyclic radicals containing only nitrogen atoms as ring hetero atom
  • C07H19/06—Pyrimidine radicals
  • C07H19/10—Pyrimidine radicals with the saccharide radical esterified by phosphoric or polyphosphoric acids
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
  • C07H19/00—Compounds containing a hetero ring sharing one ring hetero atom with a saccharide radical; Nucleosides; Mononucleotides; Anhydro-derivatives thereof
  • C07H19/02—Compounds containing a hetero ring sharing one ring hetero atom with a saccharide radical; Nucleosides; Mononucleotides; Anhydro-derivatives thereof sharing nitrogen
  • C07H19/04—Heterocyclic radicals containing only nitrogen atoms as ring hetero atom
  • C07H19/16—Purine radicals
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
  • C07H19/00—Compounds containing a hetero ring sharing one ring hetero atom with a saccharide radical; Nucleosides; Mononucleotides; Anhydro-derivatives thereof
  • C07H19/02—Compounds containing a hetero ring sharing one ring hetero atom with a saccharide radical; Nucleosides; Mononucleotides; Anhydro-derivatives thereof sharing nitrogen
  • C07H19/04—Heterocyclic radicals containing only nitrogen atoms as ring hetero atom
  • C07H19/16—Purine radicals
  • C07H19/20—Purine radicals with the saccharide radical esterified by phosphoric or polyphosphoric acids
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
  • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
  • Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
  • Y02P20/55—Design of synthesis routes, e.g. reducing the use of auxiliary or protecting groups

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a new nucleic acid derivative, and more particularly to a 3′-substituted nucleoside derivative or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, which has excellent antitumor activities and is useful as a medicine such as an antitumor agent, and use of such a compound for a medicine.
• Pyrimidine compounds such as 5-fluorouracil, tegafur, UFT, doxifluridine, carmofur, cytarabine and enocitabine have heretofore been known as antitumor agents which are nucleic acid antimetabolites.
• 1-(2-O-(tert-butyldimethylsilyl)-3-C-ethynyl- ⁇ -D-ribofuranosyl)thymine has been known as a pyrimidine or purine nucleoside having an alkynyl group at a 3-position of a sugar moiety from Tetrahedron, 47, 1727-1736 (1991).
• a pyrimidine or purine nucleoside having an alkynyl group at a 3-position of a sugar moiety from Tetrahedron, 47, 1727-1736 (1991).
• the present invention provides a 3′-substituted nucleoside derivative represented by the following general formula (1):
• B means a nucleic acid base which may have a substituent
• Z represents a lower alkynyl or lower alkenyl group which may be substituted by a group represented by the general formula (2):
• R a , R b and R c may be the same or different from one another and individually represent a lower alkyl group or a phenyl group, or an oxiranyl group which may be substituted by at least one lower alkyl group
• R 1 and R 2 individually represent a hydrogen atom or an ester-forming residue capable of easily leaving in a living body
• R 3 is a hydrogen atom, a mono- or polyphosphoric acid residue, or an ester-forming residue capable of easily leaving in a living body, with the proviso that the sugar moiety is ribose, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
• the compound of the present invention represented by the general formula (1) has excellent antitumor activities and is useful as a medicine such as a remedy for various tumors.
• the present invention also provides a medicinal composition
• a medicinal composition comprising the compound of the general formula (1) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and a pharmaceutical carrier.
• the present invention further provides a medicine, in particular, an antitumor agent, comprising the compound of the general formula (1) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient.
• a medicine in particular, an antitumor agent, comprising the compound of the general formula (1) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient.
• the present invention further provides use of the compound of the general formula (1) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof for a medicine.
• the present invention still further provides a method of treating or preventing a cancer of a mammal, which comprises administering an effective amount of the compound of the general formula (1) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof to the mammal.
• the present invention yet still further provides a process for the preparation of the compound of the general formula (1) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
• nucleic acid residue represented by B in the general formula (1) examples include pyrimidine bases such as cytosine, thymine and uracil, and purine bases such as adenine and guanine.
• Examples of the substituent, by which the nucleic acid base may be substituted include halogen atoms, lower alkyl groups, acyl groups such as aliphatic acyl groups or aromatic acyl groups, and substituted oxycarbonyl groups such as lower alkoxycarbonyl groups, lower alkenyloxycarbonyl groups or aralkyloxycarbonyl groups.
• halogen atoms examples include fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine atoms.
• lower alkyl groups examples include linear or branched alkyl groups having 1-6 carbon atoms, such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, pentyl and hexyl groups.
• aliphatic acyl groups examples include linear or branched acyl groups having 1-6 carbon atoms, such as formyl, acetyl, propionyl, butyryl, isobutyryl, pentanoyl and hexanoyl groups.
• aromatic acyl groups include benzoyl, ⁇ -naphthoyl and ⁇ -naphthoyl. These groups may also have a lower alkyl group, lower alkoxy group, halogen atom, nitro group or the like as a substituent.
• lower alkyl group and halogen atom may be mentioned the same groups and atoms as those mentioned above.
• lower alkoxy group examples include linear or branched alkoxy groups having 1-6 carbon atoms, such as methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, isopropoxy, n-butoxy, isobutoxy, sec-butoxy, tert-butoxy, pentyloxy and hexyloxy groups.
• lower alkoxycarbonyl groups include linear or branched alkoxycarbonyl groups having 2-7 carbon atoms, such as methoxycarbonyl, ethoxycarbonyl, n-propoxycarbonyl, isopropoxycarbonyl, n-butoxycarbonyl, isobutoxycarbonyl, sec-butoxycarbonyl, tert-butoxycarbonyl, pentyloxycarbonyl and hexyloxycarbonyl groups.
• lower alkenyloxycarbonyl groups include linear or branched alkenyloxycarbonyl groups having 3-7 carbon atoms, such as vinyloxycarbonyl, allyloxycarbonyl, isopropenyloxycarbonyl, 1-butenyloxycarbonyl and 2-butenyloxycarbonyl groups.
• aralkyloxycarbonyl groups include aralkyloxycarbonyl groups having 8-12 carbon atoms, such as benzyloxycarbonyl, phenethyloxycarbonyl, ⁇ -naphthylmethyloxycarbonyl and ⁇ -naphthylmethyloxycarbonyl groups. These groups may have a lower alkyl group, lower alkoxy group, halogen atom, nitro group or the like as a substituent.
• Examples of the lower alkynyl group represented by Z include alkynyl groups having 2-6 carbon atoms, such as ethynyl, propynyl (1-propynyl, 2-propynyl), butynyl (1-butynyl, 2-butynyl, etc.), pentynyl (1-pentynyl, etc.) and hexynyl (1-hexynyl, etc.) groups, while examples of the lower alkenyl group include alkenyl groups having 2-6 carbon atoms, such as ethenyl, propenyl (1-propenyl, 2-propenyl, isopropenyl), butenyl (1-butenyl, 2-butenyl, 3-butenyl, etc.), pentenyl (1-pentenyl, etc.) and hexenyl (1-hexenyl, etc.) groups.
• oxiranyl group having at least one lower alkyl group examples include oxiranyl groups substituted by one or two lower alkyl groups, such as 3-methyloxiranyl, 3-ethyloxiranyl, 3-propyloxiranyl, 3-isopropyloxiranyl, 3-butyloxiranyl, 3-tert-butyloxiranyl, 3,3-dimethyloxiranyl and 3,3-diethyloxiranyl groups.
• Examples of the group represented by the general formula (2) include silyl groups substituted by three linear or branched alkyl groups having 1-6 carbon atoms, such as trimethylsilyl, triethylsilyl, tripropylsilyl, triisopropylsilyl, tri-tert-butylsilyl, trihexylsilyl, dimethylethylsilyl, dimethylisopropylsilyl, diethylisopropylsilyl, diisopropylmethylsilyl, di-tert-butylmethylsilyl and tert-butyldimethylsilyl groups, and diphenylmethylsilyl, dimethylphenylsilyl, tert-butyldiphenylsilyl and triphenylsilyl groups.
• silyl groups substituted by three linear or branched alkyl groups having 1-6 carbon atoms such as trimethylsilyl, triethylsilyl, tripropy
• the ester-forming residues capable of easily leaving in a living body which are represented by R 1 , R 2 and R 3 , mean nontoxic ester residues which easily cleave in the blood and tissue of mammals including the human to release their corresponding hydroxyl compounds (namely, compounds in which R 1 , R 2 and/or R 3 turns to a hydrogen atom).
• Examples of the aliphatic or aromatic acyl groups which may have a substituent include lower alkanoyl groups, arylcarbonyl groups, heterocyclic carbonyl groups, aryloxycarbonyl groups, lower alkoxycarbonyl groups and acyloxyacyl groups.
• lower alkanoyl groups examples include alkanoyl groups which may have a halogen atom, lower alkoxy group or the like as at least one substituent and have 1-6 carbon atoms, such as formyl, acetyl, propionyl, butyryl, isobutyryl, pentanoyl, hexanoyl, chloroacetyl, dichloroacetyl, trichloroacetyl, trifluoroacetyl, methoxyacetyl and ethoxyacetyl groups.
• alkanoyl groups which may have a halogen atom, lower alkoxy group or the like as at least one substituent and have 1-6 carbon atoms, such as formyl, acetyl, propionyl, butyryl, isobutyryl, pentanoyl, hexanoyl, chloroacetyl, dichloroacetyl, trichloroacetyl, triflu
• arylcarbonyl groups include benzoyl and naphthylcarbonyl groups which may have a lower alkyl group, lower alkoxy group, halogen atom, carboxyl group, nitro group, cyano group and the like as at least one substituent, such as benzoyl, ⁇ -naphthylcarbonyl, ⁇ -naphthylcarbonyl, 2-methylbenzoyl, 3-methylbenzoyl, 4-methylbenzoyl, 2,4-dimethylbenzoyl, 4-ethylbenzoyl, 2-methoxybenzoyl, 3-methoxybenzoyl, 4-methoxybenzoyl, 2,4-dimethoxybenzoyl, 4-ethoxybenzoyl, 2-methoxy-4-ethoxybenzoyl, 4-propoxybenzoyl., 2-chlorobenzoyl, 3-chlorobenzoyl, 4-chlorobenzoyl., 2,3-dichlorobenz
• heterocyclic carbonyl groups examples include 2-furanylcarbonyl, 4-thiazolylcarbonyl, 2-quinolylcarbonyl, 2-pyrazinylcarbonyl, 2-pyridylcarbonyl, 3-pyridylcarbonyl and 4-pyridylcarbonyl groups.
• aryloxycarbonyl groups include phenoxycarbonyl, ⁇ -naphthyloxycarbonyl, ⁇ -naphthyloxycarbonyl, 2-methylphenoxycarbonyl, 3-methylphenoxycarbonyl, 4-methylphenoxycarbonyl, 2,4-dimethylphenoxycarbonyl, 4-ethylphenoxycarbonyl, 2-methoxyphenoxycarbonyl, 3-methoxyphenoxycarbonyl, 4-methoxyphenoxycarbonyl, 2,4-dimethoxyphenoxycarbonyl, 4-ethoxyphenoxycarboxy, 2-methoxy-4-ethoxyphenoxycarbonyl, 2-chlorophenoxycarbonyl, 3-chlorophenoxycarbonyl, 4-chlorophenoxycarbonyl, 2,3-dichlorophenoxycarbonyl, 2-bromophenoxycarbonyl, 4-fluorophenoxycarbonyl, ⁇ -methyl- ⁇ -naphthyloxycarbonyl, and ⁇ -chloro- ⁇
• lower alkoxycarbonyl groups examples include alkoxycarbonyl groups having 2-6 carbon atoms, such as methoxycarbonyl, ethoxycarbonyl, n-propoxycarbonyl, isopropoxycarbonyl, n-butoxycarbonyl, isobutoxycarbonyl, sec-butoxycarbonyl, tert-butoxycarbonyl and pentyloxycarbonyl groups.
• acyloxyacyl groups include acetyloxyacetyl, propionyloxyacetyl and ⁇ -(acetyloxy)propionyl, ⁇ -(propionyloxy)propionyl groups.
• lower alkylcarbamoyl groups include carbamoyl groups mono- or disubstituted by lower alkyl groups having 1-6 carbon atoms, such as methylcarbamoyl, ethylcarbamoyl, propylcarbamoyl, butylcarbamoyl, penthylcarbamoyl, hexylcarbamoyl, dimethylcarbamoyl and diethylcarbamoyl groups.
• the amino acid residues mean groups which are formed by removing a hydroxyl group from a carboxyl group of an amino acid and may be derived from both natural and synthetic amino acids. Examples of such amino acids include glycine, alanine, ⁇ -alanine, valine and isoleucine. However, any amino acid residues may be included so far as they are amino acid residues described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 104093/1989.
• Examples of the mono- or polyphosphoric acid residue represented by R 3 include monophosphate, diphosphate and triphosphate groups and hydroxyl group-protected radicals thereof.
• Examples of protecting groups include lower alkyl groups which may be substituted by a halogen atom or a cyano group, a benzyl group which may have a substituent, and a phenyl group which may have a substituent.
• this residue may be a 3′,5-cyclic phosphate group which forms a cyclic structure with the nucleic acid base.
• Preferable examples of B include cytosine, thymine, uracil, adenine, guanine, 5-fluorocytosine, 5-fluorouracil, N 6 -benzoyladenine, N 2 -acetylguanine and 2-chloroadenine. More preferable examples thereof include cytosine, uracil, adenine, 5-fluorocytosine and 5-fluorouracil.
• Preferable examples of Z include lower alkynyl or lower alkenyl groups which may be substituted by a group represented by the general formula (2). More preferable examples thereof include ethynyl, propynyl, butynyl, ethenyl, trimethylsilylethynyl, triethylsilylethynyl, triisopropylsilylethynyl and triphenylsilylethynyl groups. Particularly preferable examples thereof include ethynyl and trimethylsilylethynyl groups.
• R 1 and R 2 includes a hydrogen atom.
• R 3 include a hydrogen atom and mono- and polyphosphoric acid residues. More preferable examples thereof include a hydrogen atom and a diphosphate group.
• ester-forming residues capable of easily leaving in a living body represented by R 1 , R 2 , R 3 include acyl groups. More preferable examples thereof include acetyl and benzoyl groups.
• the preferable compounds according to the present invention are 3′-substituted nucleoside derivatives in which B in the general formula (1) is cytosine, thymine, uracil, adenine, guanine, 5-fluorocytosine, 5-fluorouracil, N 6 -benzoyladenine, N 2 -acetylguanine or 2-chloroadenine, Z is a lower alkynyl or lower alkenyl group which may be substituted by a group represented by the general formula (2), R 1 and R 2 are hydrogen atoms, and R 3 is a hydrogen atom or a mono- or polyphosphoric acid residue.
• More preferable compounds are 3′-substituted nucleoside derivatives in which B in the general formula (1) is cytosine, uracil, adenine, 5-fluorocytosine or 5-fluorouracil, Z is an ethynyl, propynyl, butynyl, ethenyl, trimethylsilylethynyl, triethylsilylethynyl, triisopropylsilylethynyl or triphenylsilylethynyl group, R 1 and R 2 are hydrogen atoms, and R 3 is a hydrogen atom or a diphosphate group.
• B in the general formula (1) is cytosine, uracil, adenine, 5-fluorocytosine or 5-fluorouracil
• Z is an ethynyl, propynyl, butynyl, ethenyl, trimethylsilylethynyl, trieth
• Particularly preferable compounds are 3′-substituted nucleoside derivatives in which B in the general formula (1) is cytosine or uracil, Z is an ethynyl or trimethylsilylethynyl group, and R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are hydrogen atoms.
• the compounds according to the present invention also include those being in the form of a salt. No particular limitation is imposed on such salts so far as they are pharmaceutically acceptable salts.
• acid-added salts such as inorganic acid salts such as hydrochlorates, hydrobromates and sulfates; and organic acid salts such as organic sulfonates such as methanesulfonates and benzenesulfonates, and aliphatic carboxylic acid salts such as acetates, propionates and trifluoroacetates may be exemplified.
• R 3 is a mono- or polyphosphoric acid residue
• alkali metal salts such as sodium, potassium and lithium salts
• alkaline earth metal salts such as calcium salts
• ammonium salts may be exemplified.
• the compounds according to the present invention further include hydrates thereof.
• the compounds according to the present invention represented by the general formula (1) can be prepared in accordance with, for example, the following reaction scheme 1 or 2.
• R 1′ , R 2′ and R 3′ denote individually a protecting group for a hydroxyl group
• Y means a silyl protecting group
• R 4 stands for a hydrogen atom or a mono- or polyphosphoric acid residue.
• R 1′ , R 2′ and R 3′ are examples of protecting groups for the hydroxyl groups represented by R 1′ , R 2′ and R 3′ so far as they may be used as usual protecting groups for nucleosides.
• protecting groups for the hydroxyl groups represented by R 1′ , R 2′ and R 3′ so far as they may be used as usual protecting groups for nucleosides.
• examples thereof include acyl groups such as aliphatic acyl groups which may have a substituent and aromatic acyl groups which may have a substituent, lower alkoxycarbonyl groups, lower alkylcarbamoyl groups, lower alkyl groups, arylalkyl groups, silyl protecting groups, and amino acid residues.
• acyl groups such as aliphatic acyl groups or aromatic acyl groups, the lower alkoxycarbonyl groups, the lower alkylcarbamoyl groups and the amino acid residues, there may be used those described above.
• the lower alkyl groups those described above may be used, while alkyl groups having a halogen atom, lower alkoxy group or the like as a substituent, such as chloromethyl, methoxymethyl, ethoxymethyl, methoxyethyl and ethoxyethyl groups, may be included.
• arylalkyl groups examples include benzyl, benzhydryl and trityl groups. These groups may have a lower alkyl group, lower alkoxy group, halogen atom, nitro group or the like as a substituent.
• silyl protecting groups examples include trimethylsilyl, tert-butyldimethylsilyl, methyldiisopropylsilyl, triisopropylsilyl and tetraisopropyldisiloxyl (TIPDS). The same may be said of the silyl protecting group represented by Y.
• a compound represented by the general formula (3) is reacted with a silylated nucleic acid base represented by the general formula (4), thereby obtaining a compound of the present invention represented by the general formula (1-a).
• the compound represented by the general formula (3) is a known compound or obtained in accordance with any known method. More specifically, the compound can be prepared in accordance with Reaction Scheme 3 which will be described subsequently.
• the silylated nucleic acid base represented by the general formula (4) is a known compound or obtained in accordance with any known method.
• the compound can be obtained by using, for example, the method disclosed by vorbruggen et al. (Chem. Ber. 114, 1234 (1981)). More specifically, a suspension is prepared from a nucleic acid base and a silylating agent such as hexamethyldisilazane. Trimethylsilyl chloride is further added to the suspension as needed, and the mixture is heated under reflux in an argon atmosphere, thereby obtaining the intended compound.
• Process A The reaction of Process A is conducted in the presence of a Lewis acid in a nonpolar solvent.
• Lewis acid examples thereof include trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate, tin tetrachloride and titanium tetrachloride.
• nonpolar solvent any solvent may be used so far as it does not participate in the reaction. Examples thereof include chloroform, dichloromethane, dichloroethane and acetonitrile.
• the compound of the general formula (4) and the Lewis acid in proportions of 1-10 moles, preferably 1-5 moles, and 1-10 moles, preferably 1-5 moles, respectively, per mole of the compound of the general formula (3).
• the Lewis acid is added at 0° C., and the reaction is conducted at 0°-100° C., preferably a temperature near room temperature.
• the reaction favorably progresses in 0.1-50 hours, preferably 1-24 hours.
• a compound of the present invention represented by the general formula (1-b) can be obtained by hydrolyzing the compound (1-a) with an alkali such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide or an ammonium derivative in a lower alcohol, for example, methanol in the case where the protecting groups are acyl groups by way of example, or by treating the compound (1-a) with an ammonium fluoride derivative in the case where the protecting groups are silyl groups.
• an alkali such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide or an ammonium derivative in a lower alcohol, for example, methanol in the case where the protecting groups are acyl groups by way of example
• an ammonium fluoride derivative in the case where the protecting groups are silyl groups.
• the reaction temperature is 0°-150° C., preferably room temperature to 100° C.
• the reaction favorably progresses in 0.1-100 hours, preferably 1-60 hours.
• the compound represented by the general formula (1-b) obtained in Process B is phosphorylated with a phosphorylating agent in the presence of a solvent or without any solvent, thereby obtaining a compound according to the present invention represented by the general formula (1-c).
• the phosphorylating agent include phosphorylating agents generally used in selective phosphorylation of nucleosides at a 5′-position, such as phosphorus oxyhalides such as phosphorus oxychloride and phosphorus oxybromide, anhydrous phosphoric acids such as pyrophosphoric acid and polyphosphoric acid, phosphoric acid, phosphoric monoesters such as p-nitrophenyl phosphate, tetrachloropyrophosphoric acid, and trialkylammonium pyrophosphates.
• phosphorus oxychloride and tributylammonium pyrophosphate are preferred.
• any solvent may be used so far as it does not participate in the reaction. Examples thereof include pyridine, hexamethylphosphoric triamide, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, acetonitrile, dimethylformamide, dichloromethane, chloroform, benzene, toluene, trimethyl phosphate and triethyl phosphate.
• the proportion of the phosphorylating agent used in the reaction is preferably 1-5 moles per mole of the compound of the general formula (1-b).
• the reaction temperature is ⁇ 80° C. to 100° C., preferably ⁇ 20 20 C. to 50° C. With respect to the reaction time, in general, the reaction favorably progresses in about 0.5-12 hours.
• 1,1′-carbonyldiimidazole, tetrazole, 1,2,4-triazole derivative or the like may be used as a reaction accelerator.
• a compound represented by the general formula (5) is partially hydrolyzed in accordance with, for example, the method described in J. Org. Chem., 55, 410-412 (1990), namely, by reacting the compound (5) at 0° C. in a mixture of trifluoroacetic acid-water, thereby conducting selective desilylation at a 5′-position to obtain a compound represented by the general formula (6).
• the compound represented by the general formula (5) is a known compound or obtained in accordance with any known method, for example, the method described in J. Org. Chem. as described above; SYNTHESIS, 283-288 (1991); or Tetrahedron, 47, 1727-1736 (1991).
• a substituent represented by Z is introduced in a 3-position of the compound represented by the general formula (6) to obtain a compound represented by the general formula (7).
• This reaction process can be performed in accordance with, for example, 1) a method in which a compound (which may be gaseous) represented by ZH or a complex of cerium chloride and ZH is reacted with the compound (6) in the presence of n-butyllithium in tetrahydrofuran, or 2) a method in which a Grignard reagent (ZMgBr) is reacted with. the compound (6) in tetrahydrofuran.
• the reaction reagent (ZH) and n-butyllithium in proportions of 1-10 moles, preferably 1-5 moles, and 1-10 moles, preferably 1-5 moles, respectively, per mole of the compound of the general formula (6).
• cerium chloride an amount of cerium chloride to be used is preferably almost equimolar to the reaction reagent.
• the reaction temperature is preferably kept at ⁇ 70° C. or lower in the case of the method 1) in which n-butyllithium is used, or is ⁇ 20° to 50° C., preferably ⁇ 10° C. to 10° C. in the case of the method 2) in which the reaction is performed with the Grignard reagent.
• the reaction favorably progresses in 0.1-50 hours, preferably 1-24 hours.
• the compound represented by the general formula (7) is hydrolyzed, for example, by reacting the compound (7) in hydrochloric acid-methanol, thereby obtaining a compound according to the present invention represented by the general formula (1-b).
• the reaction temperature is 0°-100° C., preferably a temperature near room temperature. With respect to the reaction time, the reaction favorably progresses in 1-100 hours.
• Ester-forming residues can be introduced into the hydroxyl groups at 2′-, 3′- and 5′-positions of the compounds of the general formula (1-b) obtained in accordance with Reaction Schemes 1 and 2, or in the hydroxyl groups at 2′- and 3′-positions of the compound of the general formula (1-c) in accordance with any conventionally-known process, for example, the process disclosed in the above-described “PROTECTIVE GROUPS IN ORGANIC SYNTHESIS Second Edition” or ⁇ Shin Jikken Kagaku Koza 4 (New Experimental Chemistry Course 4)> edited by The Chemical Society of Japan, “Synthesis and Reaction of Organic Compounds (V)” or the process described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 152898/1983, 56996/1985, 106593/1986, 149696/1987 or 153696/1989, thereby deriving other compounds according to the present invention from these compounds.
• the compounds according to the present invention obtained by the above reactions can be formed into salts by the conventionally known method, for example, a method in which they are reacted with any of the above-described inorganic or organic acids in a proper solvent.
• the solvent include water, methanol, ethanol, dichloromethane, tetrahydrofuran, ethyl acetate and hexane.
• the reaction is preferably conducted at a temperature of 0°-50° C.
• the compounds according to the present invention obtained by the above reactions can be formed into salts by the conventionally known method, for example, a method in which they are reacted with a strong base such as an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal hydroxide such as sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide, or a strong base such as sodium methoxide, potassium methoxide or sodium hydroxide in a proper solvent.
• a strong base such as an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal hydroxide such as sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide
• a strong base such as sodium methoxide, potassium methoxide or sodium hydroxide in a proper solvent.
• the above-described raw compound (3) can be prepared in accordance with, for example, the following reaction scheme.
• tetrabutylammonium fluoride in a proportion of 1-10 moles, preferably 1-5 moles per mole of the compound of the general formula (9).
• the reaction is conducted at a temperature of 0°-100° C., preferably a temperature near room temperature.
• the reaction favorably progresses in 0.1-2 hours, preferably 5-30 minutes.
• the compound represented by the general formula (10) is reacted with a reactive substance, which protects a hydroxyl group, in a proper solvent, thereby obtaining a compound represented by the general formula (11).
• any solvent may be used without any particular limitation so far as it does not participate in the reaction.
• a protecting group is an acyl group by way of example, it is only necessary to react an acylating agent such as an acid anhydride or acid halide in pyridine. Upon the reaction of this acylating agent, an amine such as dimethylaminopyridine or triethylamine may be added as a catalyst.
• the proportions of the reactants in the reaction it is preferable to use the reactive substance, which protects a hydroxyl group, in a proportion of 1-10 moles, preferably 1-5 moles per mole of the compound of the general formula (10).
• the catalyst it is preferably used in a catalytic amount.
• the reaction is conducted at a temperature of ⁇ 20° C. to 100° C., preferably a temperature near room temperature. With respect to the reaction time, the reaction favorably progresses in 0.1-10 hours, preferably 30 minutes to 5 hours.
• the compound represented by the general formula (11) is subjected to acid alcoholysis, thereby obtaining a compound represented by the general formula (12).
• an alcohol it is preferable to use a lower alcohol such as methanol or ethanol.
• a mixed solvent of the alcohol and water may be used.
• an acid compound examples include carboxylic acids such as formic acid and acetic acid, acid anhydrides such as acetic anhydride, acid halides such as acetyl chloride, and inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid and sulfuric acid.
• the acid compound in a proportion of 10-50 moles, preferably 20-40 moles per mole of the compound of the general formula (11).
• the reaction temperature is 0°-100° C., preferably a temperature near room temperature.
• the reaction favorably progresses in 1 minute to 10 hours, preferably 5 minutes to 5 hours.
• the compound represented by the general formula (12) is reacted with a reactive substance, which protects a hydroxyl group, in a proper solvent, thereby obtaining a compound represented by the general formula (13).
• any solvent may be used without any particular limitation so far as it does not participate in the reaction.
• the compound (13) is obtained by reacting an acylating agent such as an acid anhydride or acid halide in pyridine. Upon the reaction of this acylating agent, an amine such as dimethylaminopyridine or triethylamine may be added as a catalyst.
• an acylating agent such as an acid anhydride or acid halide in pyridine.
• an amine such as dimethylaminopyridine or triethylamine may be added as a catalyst.
• the reactive substance which protects a hydroxyl group
• the catalyst it is preferably used in a catalytic amount, preferably a proportion of 1-5 moles per mole of the compound (12).
• the reaction temperature is 0° C. to 200° C., preferably room temperature to 150° C.
• the reaction favorably progresses in 0.1-50 hours, preferably 1-30 hours.
• the compound represented by the general formula (13) is acetylated by adding concentrated sulfuric acid to the compound (13) in acetic acid and/or acetic anhydride, thereby obtaining the compound represented by the general. formula (3).
• the reaction is conducted at a temperature of 0°-100° C. preferably a temperature near room temperature. With respect to the reaction time, the reaction favorably progresses in 0.1-24 hours, preferably 10 minutes to 5 hours.
• the compounds according to the present invention obtained by the above reactions and the individual compounds can be isolated and purified by using conventionally-known separation and purification means, for example, concentration, solvent extraction, filtration, recrystallization, various chromatographies, etc.
• medicinal compositions can be prepared by using suitable pharmaceutical carriers in accordance with a method known. per se in the art.
• suitable pharmaceutical carriers there may be used various kinds of carriers routinely used in drugs, for example, excipients, binders, disintegrators, lubricants, colorants, flavors, smell corrigents, surfactants, etc.
• the form may be suitably selected according to the object of treatment.
• Specific examples of the form include parenteral preparations such as injections, suppositories, external preparations (ointments, plasters, etc.) and aerosol preparations, and oral preparations such as tablets, coated tablets, powders, granules, capsules, pills and solutions (suspensions, emulsions, etc.).
• compositions described above are prepared in accordance with the preparation methods generally known in this field.
• a diluent such as water, ethyl alcohol, macrogol, propylene glycol, ethoxylated isostearyl alcohol, polyoxylated isostearyl alcohol or polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, a pH adjustor and a buffer such as sodium citrate, sodium acetate or sodium phosphate, a stabilizer such as sodium pyrosulfite, ethylenediaminetetra-acetic acid, thioglycolic acid or thiolactic acid, and the like may be used as carriers.
• sodium chloride, glucose or glycerol may be contained in the medicinal preparation in an amount sufficient to prepare an isotonic solution.
• solubilizing aids analgesics, local anesthetics and the like may also be added.
• These carriers can be added to prepare subcutaneous, intramuscular and intravenous injections in accordance with a method known per se in the art.
• composition When the composition is prepared in the form of a suppository, polyethylene glycol, cacao butter, lanolin, higher alcohols, esters of higher alcohols, gelatin, semisynthetic glycerides, Witepsol (trade mark, product of Dynamit Nobel Co.) and the like may be used as carriers with a suitable absorbefacient added thereto.
• compositions for example, paste, cream and gel, a base, a stabilizer, a wetting agent, a preservative and the like, which are routinely used, are incorporated as needed, and the components are mixed to formulate the desired preparations in accordance with a method known per se in the art.
• a base there may be used, for example, white petrolatum, paraffin, glycerol, a cellulose derivative, polyethylene glycol, silicon or bentonite.
• preservative methyl p-hydroxybenzoate, ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate, propyl p-hydroxybenzoate or the like may be used.
• the plaster When the plaster is prepared, it is only necessary to apply the above ointment, cream, gel or paste to a support routinely used in a method known per se in the art.
• a support a fabric or nonwoven fabric made of cotton, rayon or chemical fibers, or a film or foamed sheet of soft polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene or polyurethane is suitable.
• compositions When the composition is prepared in the form of oral solid preparations such as tablets, powder and granules, there may be used, as carriers, excipients such as lactose, sucrose, sodium chloride, glucose, urea, starch, calcium carbonate, kaolin, crystalline cellulose, silicic acid methylcellulose, glycerol, sodium alginate and gum arabic; binders such as simple syrup, glucose solution, starch solution, gelatin solution, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl ether, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, carboxymethylcellulose, shellac, methylcellulose, ethylcellulose, water, ethanol and potassium phosphate; disintegrators such as dry starch, sodium alginate, agar powder, laminaran powder, sodium bicarbonate, calcium carbonate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters, sodium lauryl sulfate, stearic acid monoglyceride, starch and lactose; disintegration-preventing agents such
• Capsule preparations are formulated by mixing the compound according to the present invention with the various carriers exemplified above and charging the mixture into hard gelatin capsules, soft capsules and the like.
• compositions When the composition is prepared in the form of pills, there may be used, as carriers, excipients such as glucose, lactose, starch, cacao butter, hardened vegetable oils, kaolin and talc; binders such as gum arabic powder, tragacanth gum, gelatin and ethanol; disintegrators such as laminaran and agar; and the like.
• excipients such as glucose, lactose, starch, cacao butter, hardened vegetable oils, kaolin and talc
• binders such as gum arabic powder, tragacanth gum, gelatin and ethanol
• disintegrators such as laminaran and agar; and the like.
• Liquid preparations may be aqueous or oily suspensions, solutions, syrups or elixirs. These are prepared by using usual additives in accordance with a method known per se in the art.
• the amount of the compound according to the present invention to be contained in the above preparations varies according to a preparation form, administration route, dosing plan and the like and hence cannot be absolutely said, and is suitably selected from a wide range.
• the compound may preferable be contained in a proportion of about 1-70 wt. % of the preparation.
• an administration method such as enteral administration, oral administration, rectal administration, intraoral administration or percutaneous administration is suitably determined according to a preparation form, the age, sex and other conditions of a target to be dosed such as a patient, the diseased condition of the patient, and the like.
• a target to be dosed such as a patient, the diseased condition of the patient, and the like.
• the tablets, pills, solutions, suspensions, emulsions, granules and capsules are orally dosed, while the suppositories are intrarectally dosed.
• the injections are intravenously dosed by themselves or in combination with a usual fluid replacement containing glucose, amino acids and/or the like, and further intraarterially, intramuscularly, intracutaneously or subcutaneously dosed by themselves as needed.
• the ointments are applied to the skin, oral mucosa membrane, etc.
• the dose of the compound according to the present invention is suitably selected according to an administration method, the age, sex, diseased condition and kind of a tumor of a target to be dosed such as a patient, the kind of the compound to be dosed, and other conditions.
• a dose per day of the medicine in the form of any of the above dose forms is preferably set on the basis of an amount ranging generally from about 0.1 to 200 mg/kg of weight/day, preferably from about 0.5 to 100 mg/kg of weight/day.
• These preparations according to the present invention may be dosed at once or in about 2-4 installments a day.
• malignant tumors which can be remedied by administering the preparation containing the compound according to the present invention.
• examples thereof include head and neck cancer, esophageal carcinoma, gastric cancer, colon cancer, rectum cancer, cancer of liver, gallbladder.bile duct cancer, pancreatic cancer, pulmonary carcinoma, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, bladder cancer, prostatic cancer, testicular tumor, osteochondrosarcoma, malignant lymphoma, leukemia, cervical cancer, skin carcinoma, brain tumor and the like.
• This compound was dissolved in 30 ml of pyridine, and 0.92 ml (7.9 mmol) of benzoyl chloride was added under cooling with ice water, followed by stirring at room temperature for 2 hours.
• the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure, and the residue was azeotropically distilled three times with toluene.
• the resultant residue was dissolved in 50 ml of ethyl acetate, and the solution was subjected to liquid separation by using 25 ml of water and a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogencarbonate (3 ⁇ 25 ml) in that order, followed by drying of the resultant organic layer over sodium sulfate.
• the resultant residue was dissolved in 20 ml of ethyl acetate, and the solution was subjected to liquid separation by using 10 ml of water and a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogencarbonate (3 ⁇ 10 ml) in that order, followed by drying of the resultant organic layer over sodium sulfate. After the thus-dried organic layer was filtered, the solvent was distilled off, and the residue was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (eluted with 0-10% ethyl acetate-n-hexane), thereby obtaining 825 mg (yield: 83%) of the title compound as a yellow syrupy substance.
• This compound was azeotropically distilled three times with pyridine and then dissolved in 30 ml of pyridine. Under cooling with ice water, 1.16 ml (10 mmol) of benzoyl chloride and 184 mg (1.5 mmol) of dimethylaminopyridine were added to the solution to stir the mixture at 100° C. for 24 hours. After cooling the reaction mixture to room temperature, the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure. The residue was azeotropically distilled three times with toluene.
• the resultant residue was dissolved in 10 ml of ethyl acetate, and the solution was subjected to liquid separation by using 5 ml of water and a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogencarbonate (3 ⁇ 5 ml) in that order, followed by drying of the resultant organic layer over sodium sulfate. After the thus-dried organic layer was filtered, the solvent was distilled off, and the residue was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (eluted with 0-10% ethyl acetate-n-hexane), thereby obtaining 435 mg (yield: 87%) of the title compound as a yellow syrupy substance.
• the physical property values thereof were identical with those in the process (1).
• Propyne gas was liquefied at ⁇ 30° C. in an argon atmosphere to store about 0.5 ml of liquid propyne in a three-necked flask, to which 5 ml of tetrahydrofuran were added, and the mixture was stirred at ⁇ 78° C. While keeping the temperature of the reaction mixture at ⁇ 70° C. or lower, n-butyllithium (n-hexane solution, 1.63 mol/liter; 1.84 ml, 3.0 mmol) was added dropwise over 30 minutes.
• This compound was dissolved in 50 ml of pyridine, and 2.90 ml (25.0 mmol) of benzoyl chloride were added to the solution under cooling with ice water, followed by stirring at room temperature for 4 hours.
• the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure, and the residue was azeotropically distilled three times with toluene.
• the resultant residue was dissolved in 100 ml of ethyl acetate, and the solution was subjected to liquid separation by using 50 ml of water and a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogencarbonate (3 ⁇ 50 ml) in that order, followed by drying of the resultant organic layer over sodium sulfate.
• This compound was azeotropically distilled three times with pyridine and then dissolved in 110 ml of pyridine. Under cooling with ice water, 8.0 ml (69 mmol) of benzoyl chloride and 1.27 g (10.4 mmol) of dimethylaminopyridine were added to the solution to stir the resultant mixture at 100° C. for 24 hours. After cooling the reaction mixture to room temperature, the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure. The residue was azeotropically distilled three times with toluene.
• the resultant residue was dissolved in 150 ml of ethyl acetate, and the solution was subjected to liquid separation by using 50 ml of water and a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogencarbonate (3 ⁇ 50 ml) in that order, followed by drying of the resultant organic layer over sodium sulfate. After the thus-dried organic layer was filtered, the solvent was distilled off, and the residue was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (eluted with 0-10% ethyl acetate-n-hexane), thereby obtaining 2.8 g (yield: 80%) of the title compound as a yellow syrupy substance.
• Butyne gas was liquefied at ⁇ 30° C. in an argon atmosphere to store about 0.4 ml of liquid butyne in a three-necked flask, to which 5 ml of tetrahydrofuran were added, and the mixture was stirred at ⁇ 78° C. While keeping the temperature of the reaction mixture at ⁇ 70° C. or lower, n-butyllithium (n-hexane solution, 1.63 mol/liter; 1.84 ml, 3.0 mmol) was added dropwise over 30 minutes.
• This compound was dissolved in 50 ml of pyridine, and 2.55 ml (22.0 mmol) of benzoyl chloride were added to the solution under cooling with ice water, followed by stirring at room temperature for 4 hours.
• the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure, and the residue was azeotropically distilled three times with toluene.
• the resultant residue was dissolved in 100 ml of ethyl acetate, and the solution was subjected to liquid separation by using 50 ml of water and a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogencarbonate (3 ⁇ 50 ml) in that order, followed by drying of the resultant organic layer over sodium sulfate.
• This compound was azeotropically distilled three times with pyridine and then dissolved in 100 ml of pyridine. Under cooling with ice water, 7.4 ml (64 mmol) of benzoyl chloride and 1.2 g (9.5 mmol) of dimethylaminopyridine were added to the solution to stir the resultant mixture at 100° C. for 24 hours. After cooling the reaction mixture to room temperature, the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure. The residue was azeotropically distilled three times with toluene.
• the resultant residue was dissolved in 150 ml of ethyl acetate, and the solution was subjected to liquid separation by using 50 ml of water and a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogencarbonate (3 ⁇ 50 ml) in that order, followed by drying of the resultant organic layer over sodium sulfate. After the thus-dried organic layer was filtered, the solvent was distilled off, and the residue was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (eluted with 0-10% ethyl acetate-n-hexane), thereby obtaining 3.0 g (yield: 88%) of the title compound as a yellow syrupy substance.
• This compound was dissolved in 35 ml of pyridine, and 1.72 ml (15.0 mmol) of benzoyl chloride were added to the solution under cooling with ice water, followed by stirring at room temperature for 4 hours.
• the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure, and the residue was azeotropically distilled three times with toluene.
• the resultant residue was dissolved in 65 ml of ethyl acetate, and the solution was subjected to liquid separation by using 25 ml of water and a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogencarbonate (3 ⁇ 25 ml) in that order, followed by drying of the resultant organic layer over sodium sulfate.
• This compound was azeotropically distilled three times with pyridine and then dissolved in 85 ml of pyridine. Under cooling with ice water, 6.2 ml (53 mmol) of benzoyl chloride and 0.97 g (8.0 mmol) of dimethylaminopyridine were added to the solution to stir the resultant mixture at 100° C. for 24 hours. After cooling the reaction mixture to room temperature, the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure. The residue was azeotropically distilled three times with toluene.
• the resultant residue was dissolved in 120 ml of ethyl acetate, and the solution was subjected to liquid separation by using 35 ml of water and a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogencarbonate (3 ⁇ 35 ml) in that order, followed by drying of the resultant organic layer over sodium sulfate. After the thus-dried organic layer was filtered, the solvent was distilled off, and the residue was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (eluted with 0-10% ethyl acetate-n-hexane), thereby obtaining 1.7 g (yield: 66%) of the title compound as a yellow syrupy substance.
• cytosine Added to 222 mg (2.0 mmol) of cytosine were 2.0 ml of hexamethyldisilazane and 7 mg of ammonium sulfate in an argon atmosphere, and the mixture was heated under reflux until cytosine was completely dissolved. After the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure while keeping dry, and the residue was azeotropically distilled three times with toluene. To the resultant residue, 264 mg (0.5 mmol) of the compound obtained in Referential Example 4 dissolved in 4 ml of anhydrous acetonitrile were added, followed by addition of 0.29 ml (2.5 mmol) of tin tetrachloride at 0° C.
• the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 18 hours.
• the reaction mixture was added with 12 ml of chloroform and 5 ml of a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogencarbonate, and stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes.
• the precipitate formed was then separated by filtration through Celite.
• the filtrate was subjected to liquid separation using water (2 ⁇ 5 ml) and 5 ml of a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogencarbonate in that order, followed by drying of the resultant organic layer over sodium sulfate.
• the filtrate was subjected to liquid separation using water (2 ⁇ 5 ml) and 5 ml of a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogencarbonate in that order, followed by drying of the resultant organic layer over sodium sulfate. After the thus-dried organic layer was filtered, the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (eluted with 5% methanol-chloroform), thereby obtaining 224 mg (yield: 81%) of the title Compound 3 as a foamy substance.
• uracil Added to 225 mg (2.0 mmol) of uracil were 2.0 ml of hexamethyldisilazane and 7 mg of ammonium sulfate in an argon atmosphere, and the mixture was heated under reflux until uracil was completely dissolved. After the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure while keeping dry, and the residue was azeotropically distilled three times with toluene. To the resultant residue, 264 mg (0.5 mmol) of the compound obtained in Referential Example 4 dissolved in 4 ml of anhydrous acetonitrile were added, followed by addition of 0.23 ml (2.0 mmol) of tin tetrachloride at 0C.
• the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 days.
• the reaction mixture was added with 12 ml of chloroform and 5 ml of a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogencarbonate, and stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes.
• the precipitate formed was then separated by filtration through Celite.
• the filtrate was subjected to liquid separation using water (2 ⁇ 5 ml) and 5 ml of a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogencarbonate in that order, followed by drying of the resultant organic layer over sodium sulfate.
• uracil Added to 225 mg (2.0 mmol) of uracil were 2.0 ml of hexamethyldisilazane and 7 mg of ammonium sulfate in an argon atmosphere, and the mixture was heated under reflux until uracil was completely dissolved. After the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure while keeping dry, and the residue was azeotropically distilled three times with toluene.
• reaction mixture was added with 12 ml of chloroform and 5 ml of a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogencarbonate, and stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes, the reaction mixture was subjected to liquid separation using water (2 ⁇ 5 ml) and 5 ml of a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogencarbonate in that order, followed by drying of the resultant organic layer over sodium sulfate. After the thus-dried organic layer was filtered, the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (eluted with chloroform), thereby obtaining 274 mg (yield: 95%) of the title Compound 5 as a foamy substance.
• the filtrate was subjected to liquid separation using water (2 ⁇ 5 ml) and 5 ml of a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogencarbonate in that order, followed by drying of the resultant organic layer over sodium sulfate. After the thus-dried organic layer was filtered, the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (eluted with chloroform), thereby obtaining 283 mg (yield: 95%) of the title Compound 9 as a foamy substance.
• the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 27 hours.
• the reaction mixture was added with 12 ml of chloroform and 5 ml of a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogencarbonate, and stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes. Thereafter, the precipitate formed was separated by filtration through Celite.
• the filtrate was subjected to liquid separation using water (2 ⁇ 5 ml) and 5 ml of a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogencarbonate in that order, followed by drying of the resultant organic layer over sodium sulfate.
• N 6 -benzoyladenine 6.0 ml of hexamethyldisilazane and 2 ml of pyridine in an argon atmosphere, and the mixture was heated under reflux until N 6 -benzoyladenine was completely dissolved. After the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure while keeping dry, and the residue was azeotropically distilled three times with toluene.
• the filtrate was subjected to liquid separation using water (2 ⁇ 5 ml) and 5 ml of a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogencarbonate in that order, followed by drying of the resultant organic layer over sodium sulfate. After the thus-dried organic layer was filtered, the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (eluted with chloroform), thereby obtaining 261 mg (yield: 74%) of the title Compound 13 as a foamy substance.
• N 2 -acetylguanine Added to 386 mg (2.0 mmol) of N 2 -acetylguanine were 6.0 ml of hexamethyldisilazane and 2 ml of pyridine in an argon atmosphere, and the mixture was heated under reflux until N 2 -acetylguanine was completely dissolved. After the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure while keeping dry, and the residue was azeotropically distilled three times with toluene.
• the filtrate was subjected to liquid separation using water (2 ⁇ 5 ml) and 5 ml of a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogencarbonate in that order, followed by drying of the resultant organic layer over sodium sulfate. After the thus-dried organic layer was filtered, the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (eluted with chloroform), thereby obtaining 327 ml (yield: 99%) of the title Compound 15 as a foamy substance.
• cytosine Added to 222 mg (2.0 mmol) of cytosine were 2.0 ml of hexamethyldisilazane and 7 mg of ammonium sulfate in an argon atmosphere, and the mixture was heated under reflux until cytosine was completely dissolved. After the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure while keeping dry, and the residue was azeotropically distilled three times with toluene. To the resultant residue, 271 mg (0.5 mmol) of the compound obtained in Referential Example 8 dissolved in 4 ml of anhydrous acetonitrile were added, followed by addition of 0.29 ml (2.5 mmol) of tin tetrachloride at 0° C.
• the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2.5 hours.
• the reaction mixture was added with 12 ml of chloroform and 5 ml of a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogencarbonate, and stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes. Thereafter, the precipitate formed was separated by filtration through Celite.
• the filtrate was subjected to liquid separation using water (2 ⁇ 5 ml) and 5 ml of a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogencarbonate in that order, followed by drying of the resultant organic layer over sodium sulfate.
• cytosine Added to 444 mg (4.0 mmol) of cytosine were 4.0 ml of hexamethyldisilazane and 14 mg of ammonium sulfate in an argon atmosphere, and the mixture was heated under reflux until cytosine was completely dissolved. After the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure while keeping dry, and the residue was azeotropically distilled three times with toluene. To the resultant residue, 556 mg (1.0 mmol) of the compound obtained in Referential Example 12 dissolved in 8 ml of anhydrous acetonitrile were added, followed by addition of 0.59 ml (5.0 mmol) of tin tetrachloride at 0° C.
• the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 19 hours.
• the reaction mixture was added with 25 ml of chloroform and 10 ml of a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogencarbonate, and stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes. Thereafter, the precipitate formed was separated by filtration through Celite.
• the filtrate was subjected to liquid separation using water (2 ⁇ 10 ml) and 10 ml of a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogencarbonate in that order, followed by drying of the resultant organic layer over sodium sulfate.
• cytosine Added to 222 mg (2.0 mmol) of cytosine were 2.0 ml of hexamethyldisilazane and 7 mg of ammonium sulfate in an argon atmosphere, and the mixture was heated under reflux until cytosine was completely dissolved. After the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure while keeping dry, and the residue was azeotropically distilled three times with toluene. To the resultant residue, 265 mg (0.5 mmol) of the compound obtained in Referential Example 16 dissolved in 4 ml of anhydrous acetonitrile were added, followed by addition of 0.29 ml (2.5 mmol) of tin tetrachloride at 0° C.
• the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 18 hours.
• the reaction mixture was added with 12 ml of chloroform and 5 ml of a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogencarbonate, and stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes. Thereafter, the precipitate formed was separated by filtration through Celite.
• the filtrate was subjected to liquid separation using water (2 ⁇ 5 ml) and 5 ml of a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogencarbonate in that order, followed by drying of the resultant organic layer over sodium sulfate.
• uracil Added to 225 mg (2.0 mmol) of uracil were 2.0 ml of hexamethyldisilazane and 7 mg of ammonium sulfate in an argon atmosphere, and the mixture was heated under reflux until uracil was completely dissolved. After the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure while keeping dry, and the residue was azeotropically distilled three times with toluene.
• reaction mixture was added with 12 ml of chloroform and 5 ml of a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogencarbonate, and stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes, the reaction mixture was; subjected to liquid separation using water (2 ⁇ 5 ml) and 5 ml of a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogencarbonate in that order, followed by drying of the resultant organic layer over sodium sulfate. After the thus-dried organic layer was filtered, the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (eluted with chloroform), thereby obtaining 241 mg (yield: 81%) of the title Compound 23 as a foamy substance.
• uracil Added to 225 mg (2.0 mmol) of uracil were 2.0 ml of hexamethyldisilazane and 7 mg of ammonium sulfate in an argon atmosphere, and the mixture was heated under reflux until uracil was completely dissolved. After the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure while keeping dry, and the residue was azeotropically distilled three times with toluene.
• reaction mixture was added with 12 ml of chloroform and 5 ml of a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogencarbonate, and stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes, the reaction mixture was subjected to liquid separation using water (2 ⁇ 5 ml) and 5 ml of a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogencarbonate in that order, followed by drying of the resultant organic layer over sodium sulfate. After the thus-dried organic layer was filtered, the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (eluted with chloroform), thereby obtaining 294 mg (yield: 97%) of the title Compound 25 as a foamy substance.
• uracil Added to 225 mg (2.0 mmol) of uracil were 2.0 ml of hexamethyldisilazane and 7 mg of ammonium sulfate in an argon atmosphere, and the mixture was heated under reflux until uracil was completely dissolved. After the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure while keeping dry, and the residue was azeotropically distilled three times with toluene.
• the resultant reaction mixture was added with 0.67 ml (0.67 mmol) of a 1M dimethylformamide solution of tributylammonium pyrophosphate and stirred at room temperature for 16 hours. After confirming the progress of the reaction by paper electrophoresis (0.05N triethylammonium bicarbonate buffer, 700 V, 1 hour), the precipitate formed was filtered off, and the filtrate was washed with 3 ml of dimethylformamide and 3 ml of ethanol and distilled under reduced pressure.
• Inject volume 20 ⁇ l (0.5 mg/ml).
• the water layer was concentrated under reduced pressure, and the residue was dissolved in 500 ml of water to adsorb nucleic acid-derived substances in the aqueous solution on activated charcoal (the activated charcoal was added until the absorbance at 260 nm of the aqueous solution reached 0.2 or lower).
• the activated charcoal was mounted into a column (5 cm across ⁇ 13 cm) and washed with 500 ml of water, followed by elution with 3,000 ml of ethanol.
• the resultant ethanol solution was concentrated under reduced pressure, and the residue was dissolved in 500 ml of water to apply the solution to a DEAE cellulose column.
• the resultant reaction mixture was added with 300 ⁇ l of a 1M dimethylformamide solution of tributylammonium pyrophosphate and stirred at room temperature for 12 hours. After confirming the progress of the reaction by paper electrophoresis (0.05N triethylammonium bicarbonate buffer (pH 8), 700 V, 45 minutes), water was added to the reaction mixture to 500 ml in total, and the resultant mixture was applied to a DEAE cellulose column.
• paper electrophoresis 0.05N triethylammonium bicarbonate buffer (pH 8), 700 V, 45 minutes
• cerium chloride heptahydrate After 2.24 g of cerium chloride heptahydrate were then heated at 140° C. for 5 hours under a reduced pressure of 0.2-0.3 Torr, it was cooled to room temperature, and its pressure was returned to ordinary pressure with nitrogen. After the thus-treated cerium chloride was cooled with ice water, 7 ml of tetrahydrofuran as distilled were added thereto, and the mixture was stirred overnight at room temperature. The thus-obtained suspension was cooled to ⁇ 78° C.
• Murine Leukemia P388 cells (1 ⁇ 10 6 cells) were implanted intraperitoneally in three female CDFI mice (aged 8 weeks) per group. On the day subsequent to the implantation and the fifth day, test compounds at varied concentrations were administered intraperitoneally to their corresponding groups of mice. Average survival days of each group were determined to find a survival rate (T/C, %) in accordance with the following equation. The results are shown in Table 1.
• Human KB cells were spread in a proportion of 1 ⁇ 10 5 cells/well on a 96-well plate. After a compound according to the present invention was dissolved in purified water, the solution was diluted to various concentrations with an RPMI 1640 medium and then added to each well, thereby conducting culture. After incubating at 37° C. for 3 days in a 5% CO 2 -incubator, the number of cells was counted by an MTT method.
• the cytotoxicity of each of the compounds tested was expressed by a concentration (IC 50 ) of the compound at which the number of cells was decreased by 50% compared with a control. The results are shown in Table 2.
• the compounds according to the present invention exhibited extremely strong cytotoxic activities compared with the already-known compound, 1-(3-C-ethyl- ⁇ -D-ribofuranosyl)uracil.
• a capsule preparation was formulated in accordance with the following formulation and a method known per se in the art.
• a tablet preparation was formulated in accordance with the following formulation and a method known per se in the art.
• a granule preparation was formulated in accordance with the following formulation and a method known per se in the art.
• a fine granule preparation was formulated in accordance with the following formulation and a method known per se in the art.
• An injection preparation was formulated in accordance with the following formulation and a method known per se in the art.
• a suppository preparation was formulated in accordance with the following formulation and a method known per se in the art.
• Witepaol S-55 (mixture of mono-, di- 1300 mg and triglycerides of saturated fatty acids from lauric acid to stearic acid, product of Dynamite Nobel Co.)
• One preparation contained 1500 mg.
• the 3′-substituted nucleoside derivatives according to the present invention have an excellent antitumor activity and hence permit treatment for and prevention of cancers by administering them in various forms.

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• Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
• Public Health (AREA)
• Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
• Saccharide Compounds (AREA)
• Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)

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• 1995
  • 1995-12-13 JP JP08518600A patent/JP3142874B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1995-12-13 RU RU96118248A patent/RU2130029C1/ru active
  • 1995-12-13 KR KR1019960704407A patent/KR0177372B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1995-12-13 CN CNB95191605XA patent/CN1195768C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1995-12-13 EP EP95940427A patent/EP0747389B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1995-12-13 AT AT95940427T patent/ATE249471T1/de active
  • 1995-12-13 US US09/584,171 patent/USRE38090E1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1995-12-13 WO PCT/JP1995/002554 patent/WO1996018636A1/ja active IP Right Grant
  • 1995-12-13 AU AU41884/96A patent/AU674639B2/en not_active Expired
  • 1995-12-13 DE DE69531729T patent/DE69531729T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1995-12-13 HU HU9602214A patent/HU217772B/hu unknown
  • 1995-12-13 PT PT95940427T patent/PT747389E/pt unknown
  • 1995-12-13 CA CA002182707A patent/CA2182707C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1995-12-13 ES ES95940427T patent/ES2206522T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1995-12-13 US US08/693,161 patent/US5763418A/en not_active Ceased
  • 1995-12-13 NZ NZ297100A patent/NZ297100A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1995-12-13 DK DK95940427T patent/DK0747389T3/da active
• 1996
  • 1996-08-12 NO NO963350A patent/NO305702B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1996-08-12 FI FI963148A patent/FI118967B/fi not_active IP Right Cessation

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