US8403716B2 - Twin-skeg ship - Google Patents

Twin-skeg ship Download PDF

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Publication number
US8403716B2
US8403716B2 US12/990,009 US99000908A US8403716B2 US 8403716 B2 US8403716 B2 US 8403716B2 US 99000908 A US99000908 A US 99000908A US 8403716 B2 US8403716 B2 US 8403716B2
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Prior art keywords
skeg
fins
twin
propeller
reaction
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US12/990,009
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US20110053441A1 (en
Inventor
Toshinobu Sakamoto
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Mitsubishi Shipbuilding Co Ltd
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Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
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Assigned to MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD. reassignment MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: SAKAMOTO, TOSHINOBU
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Assigned to MITSUBISHI SHIPBUILDING CO., LTD. reassignment MITSUBISHI SHIPBUILDING CO., LTD. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD.
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
    • B63B1/02—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement
    • B63B1/04—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with single hull
    • B63B1/08—Shape of aft part
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H5/00—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water
    • B63H5/07—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water of propellers
    • B63H5/16—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water of propellers characterised by being mounted in recesses; with stationary water-guiding elements; Means to prevent fouling of the propeller, e.g. guards, cages or screens
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T70/00—Maritime or waterways transport
    • Y02T70/10—Measures concerning design or construction of watercraft hulls

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to twin-skeg ships having a pair of left and right skegs provided on the bottom of the stern so as to support propeller shafts.
  • a twin-skeg ship having a pair of left and right propeller shafts supported by skegs integrated with the hull so as to form a tunnel-like bottom recess between the left and right skegs is known in the related art (see, for example, Japanese Unexamined Patent Application, Publication No. HEI-8-133172).
  • reaction fin has been devised as a propulsion-performance improving unit installed in a ship to improve the propulsion performance of the ship (unit for improving the speed of the ship with the same horsepower) (see, for example, Japanese Unexamined Patent Application, Publication No. HEI-5-185986).
  • a twin-skeg ship (particularly, a twin-skeg ship having a pair of left and right propellers that rotate inward as viewed from the stern) has the central axes of propeller shafts extending off the centerline of the hull, and the stern shape and the propeller shape can be modified so as to increase the rotating flow component in the opposite direction to the rotation of the propellers, thus providing the same effect as a reaction fin.
  • a reaction fin has not been applied to a twin-skeg ship because the fin creates resistance underwater while improving the propulsion performance of the ship.
  • An object of the present invention which has been made in light of the above circumstances, is to provide a twin-skeg ship that allows for a further improvement in propulsion performance (propulsion efficiency).
  • the present invention employs the following solutions.
  • a first aspect of a twin-skeg ship according to the present invention is a twin-skeg ship having a pair of left and right skegs on the bottom of a stern, and the twin-skeg ship has reaction fins, each including a plurality of fins extending radially from a bossing fixed to a stern frame provided at a rear end of the skeg, or from a fin boss provided on the bossing, in a range where a flow immediately in front of a propeller attached to the skeg with a propeller shaft therebetween has a component in the same direction as a rotational direction of the propeller.
  • a second aspect of a twin-skeg ship according to the present invention is a twin-skeg ship having a pair of left and right skegs on the bottom of a stern, and the twin-skeg ship has reaction fins, each including a plurality of fins extending radially from a bossing fixed to a stern frame provided at a rear end of the skeg, or from a fin boss provided on the bossing, in a range where a flow direction angle immediately in front of a propeller attached to the skeg with a propeller shaft therebetween is ⁇ 10° or more.
  • the reaction fins are each provided in a range where a value calculated by dividing a flow velocity immediately in front of the propeller attached to the skeg with the propeller shaft therebetween by the speed of the ship is 0.7 or less.
  • a third aspect of a twin-skeg ship according to the present invention is a twin-skeg ship having a pair of left and right skegs on the bottom of a stern, and the twin-skeg ship has reaction fins, each including a plurality of fins extending radially from a bossing fixed to a stern frame provided at a rear end of the skeg, or from a fin boss provided on the bossing, in a range where a value calculated by dividing a flow velocity immediately in front of a propeller attached to the skeg with a propeller shaft therebetween by the speed of the ship is 0.7 or less.
  • a fourth aspect of a twin-skeg ship according to the present invention is a twin-skeg ship having a pair of left and right skegs on the bottom of a stern, and fins are installed only on outer sides of the port and starboard skegs.
  • the reaction fins in front of the propellers are installed only at sites where the fins are effective so that flows in the directions opposite to the rotational directions of the propellers can be effectively created at those sites, thus increasing the wake gain and therefore improving the propulsion performance (propulsion efficiency).
  • the present invention has the advantage of further improving the propulsion performance (propulsion efficiency).
  • FIG. 1 is a left side view of the stern of a twin-skeg ship according to a first embodiment of the present invention as viewed from the port side.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram of a hull shown in FIG. 1 , showing cross sections taken in the breadth direction along arrows A-A, B-B, and C-C.
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the hull shown in FIG. 1 taken in the breadth direction along arrow D-D.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the results of a detailed analysis of a flow field immediately in front of a propeller attached to a port skeg with a propeller shaft therebetween for a certain twin-skeg ship having a pair of left and right propellers that rotate inward as viewed from the stern.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the results of a detailed analysis of a flow field immediately in front of a propeller attached to a starboard skeg with a propeller shaft therebetween for a certain twin-skeg ship having a pair of left and right propellers that rotate inward as viewed from the stern.
  • FIG. 6 is a graph showing experimental results obtained by sailing the twin-skeg ship according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a graph showing the results of the calculation of a flow angle (flow direction angle) and average flow velocity immediately in front of a propeller attached to a port skeg with a propeller shaft therebetween for a certain twin-skeg ship having a pair of left and right propellers that rotate inward as viewed from the stern.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating the definition of the “flow direction angle” shown in FIG. 7 .
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating the definition of the “flow direction angle” shown in FIG. 7 .
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating the definition of the “flow direction angle” shown in FIG. 7 .
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram similar to FIG. 3 , showing an example of reaction fins that can be applied to a twin-skeg ship according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a diagram similar to FIG. 3 , showing an example of reaction fins that can be applied to a twin-skeg ship according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a diagram similar to FIG. 3 , showing an example of reaction fins that can be applied to a twin-skeg ship according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 14 is a diagram similar to FIG. 3 , showing an example of reaction fins that can be applied to a twin-skeg ship according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 15 is a diagram similar to FIG. 3 , showing an example of reaction fins that can be applied to a twin-skeg ship according to the present invention.
  • a first embodiment of a twin-skeg ship according to the present invention will be described below on the basis of FIGS. 1 to 9 .
  • FIG. 1 is a left side view of the stern of a twin-skeg ship 10 according to this embodiment as viewed from the port side, and, in FIG. 1 , reference 1 is a hull, reference 2 is a bottom, reference 3 is a skeg, reference 4 is a propeller (screw), reference 4 a is a propeller shaft, and reference 5 is a reaction fin.
  • a rudder is not shown in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram of the hull 1 shown in FIG. 1 , showing cross sections taken in the breadth direction along arrows A-A, B-B, and C-C, where the cross sections corresponding to arrows A-A, B-B, and C-C are denoted by references A, B, and C, respectively.
  • the twin-skeg ship 10 includes a pair of left and right skegs 3 provided so as to protrude downward from the bottom 2 in the stern of the hull 1 .
  • the pair of left and right skegs 3 each have an independent propeller 4 (see FIG. 1 ) attached to the rear end thereof.
  • Reference 4 a in FIG. 2 is a propeller shaft.
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the hull 1 shown in FIG. 1 taken in the breadth direction along arrow D-D.
  • the reaction fins 5 are composed of a plurality of fins 5 a (in this embodiment, three on the port side and three on the starboard side, that is, six in total) protruding radially from bossings 6 (or from fin bosses (not shown) provided on the bossings 6 ) so that rotating flows in the directions opposite to the rotational directions of the propellers 4 , located behind, are applied to flows entering the propellers 4 .
  • the bossings 6 are fixed to stern frames 7 provided at the rear ends of the skegs 3 , with the propeller shafts 4 a extending therethrough in a rotatable manner.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the results of a detailed analysis of a flow field immediately in front of a propeller 4 attached to a port skeg 3 with a propeller shaft 4 a therebetween for a certain twin-skeg ship (equipped with no reaction fin 5 ) having a pair of left and right propellers 4 that rotate inward as viewed from the stern.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the results of a detailed analysis of a flow field immediately in front of a propeller 4 attached to a starboard skeg 3 with a propeller shaft 4 a therebetween for a certain twin-skeg ship (equipped with no reaction fin 5 ) having a pair of left and right propellers 4 that rotate inward as viewed from the stern.
  • the directions of the arrows indicate the directions of flows in a plane
  • the lengths of the arrows indicate the magnitudes of the flows
  • the circles located at the inner side in the radial direction indicate the propeller bosses 4 b (see FIG. 1 )
  • the circles located at the outer side in the radial direction indicate the turning radii of the propellers 4 .
  • a reaction fin is a unit for improving the propulsion efficiency by changing the direction of a flow in front of a propeller to the direction opposite to the rotational direction of the propeller; the effect of the fin is decreased at a site where a flow in the direction opposite to the rotational direction of the propeller originates.
  • twin-skeg ship 10 has the fins thereof installed only on the outer sides of the port and starboard skegs.
  • each fin 5 a is fixed to the bossing 6 (or fin boss), and the other end (leading end) of the fin 5 a extends to substantially the turning radius of the propeller 4 (see FIGS. 4 and 5 ), although in some cases it is more effective to make the fin length shorter, depending on the flow conditions immediately in front of the propeller.
  • the flow direction can be changed (controlled) to a desired direction by attaching the fins 5 a at an appropriate angle of attack (for example, 15°) with respect to the flow direction angles, described later.
  • an appropriate angle of attack for example, 15°
  • the reaction fins 5 weaken (inhibit) upward flows occurring outside the skeg centerlines in the breadth direction, that is, flows in the same directions as the rotational directions of the propellers 4 , and also induce flows in the directions opposite to the rotational directions of the propellers 4 , thus improving the propulsion efficiency.
  • FIG. 6 is a graph showing experimental results obtained by sailing the twin-skeg ship 10 according to this embodiment, where the horizontal axis indicates ship speed (kn: knots) and the vertical axis indicates main engine power (kW).
  • the solid line drawn from the lower left to the upper right in the graph shows data obtained from a twin-skeg ship equipped with no reaction fin 5
  • the broken line drawn from the lower left to the upper right in the graph shows data obtained from the twin-skeg ship 10 according to this embodiment.
  • the twin-skeg ship 10 requires a lower horsepower than the twin-skeg ship equipped with no reaction fin 5 to achieve the same ship speed, and achieves a higher (increased) ship speed than the twin-skeg ship equipped with no reaction fin 5 when supplied with the same horsepower.
  • a fuel cost reduction of about 4% is achieved as compared with the related art, which is an effective experimental result supporting the advantageous effect of the reaction fins 5 .
  • a twin-skeg ship according to a second embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to FIGS. 7 to 10 .
  • FIG. 7 is a graph showing the results of calculation of flow angle (flow direction angle) and average flow velocity immediately in front of a propeller 4 attached to a port skeg 3 with a propeller shaft 4 a therebetween for a certain twin-skeg ship (equipped with no reaction fin 5 ) having a pair of left and right propellers 4 that rotate inward as viewed from the stern.
  • the average flow velocity shown in FIG. 7 is made dimensionless by dividing the flow velocity immediately in front of the propeller 4 by the speed of the twin-skeg ship.
  • the other elements are the same as those of the first embodiment described above, and accordingly a description of those elements will be omitted here.
  • the flow velocity at a certain point immediately in front of the propeller 4 is resolved into a component Vx parallel to the central axis C of the propeller shaft 4 a and a component Vyz in a plane perpendicular to the propeller shaft 4 a.
  • the component Vyz in the plane perpendicular to the propeller shaft 4 a is further resolved into a radial component Vr extending radially from the central axis C of the propeller shaft 4 a and a circumferential component V ⁇ perpendicular thereto.
  • ⁇ shown in FIG. 10 that is, Tan ⁇ 1 (V ⁇ /Vx), is defined here as the “flow direction angle”.
  • the direction of propeller rotation is defined as being positive; that is, a flow in the range where the flow direction angle is positive is in the same direction as the propeller rotation, and a flow in the range where the flow direction angle is negative is in the opposite direction to the propeller rotation.
  • the flow direction angles and the average flow velocities in FIG. 7 are calculated by averaging flow direction angles and flow velocities at points of constant ⁇ between the propeller boss and the propeller radius position in the radial direction.
  • the fins 5 a have no angle of attack with respect to the flow.
  • the flow direction can be changed (controlled) to a desired direction by attaching the fins 5 a at an appropriate angle of attack (for example, 15°) with respect to the flow direction angles.
  • the reaction fins 5 weaken (inhibit) upward flows occurring outside the skeg centerlines in the breadth direction, that is, flows in the same directions as the rotational directions of the propellers 4 , thus weakening (alleviating) a disturbance in the water behind the propellers 4 .
  • it is more preferable to add the condition that a plurality of fins 5 a are provided in the range where the average flow velocity is 0.7 or less, namely, ⁇ 0° to 50° and 335° to 360°, because fins installed at high average flow velocities create significantly increased resistance and therefore have a decreased propulsion-efficiency improving effect.
  • the number of fins 5 a that can be installed is inevitably decreased, and accordingly the resistance of the fins 5 a can be reduced, thus further improving the propulsion performance (propulsion efficiency).
  • the lengths of the fins 5 a do not necessarily have to be equal, as shown in FIG. 3 , but may vary as needed.
  • the present invention can be applied not only to a twin-skeg ship having a pair of left and right propellers 4 that rotate inward as viewed from the stern, but also to a twin-skeg ship having a pair of left and right propellers 4 that rotate outward as viewed from the stern.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Prevention Of Electric Corrosion (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
US12/990,009 2008-10-20 2008-10-20 Twin-skeg ship Active 2028-12-14 US8403716B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/JP2008/068987 WO2010046961A1 (ja) 2008-10-20 2008-10-20 ツイン・スケグ船

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US20110053441A1 US20110053441A1 (en) 2011-03-03
US8403716B2 true US8403716B2 (en) 2013-03-26

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US (1) US8403716B2 (ja)
EP (1) EP2338783B1 (ja)
JP (1) JP5276670B2 (ja)
KR (1) KR20100127854A (ja)
CN (1) CN102015430A (ja)
WO (1) WO2010046961A1 (ja)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20160347417A1 (en) * 2014-11-18 2016-12-01 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Twin skeg ship
WO2022180008A1 (de) * 2021-02-24 2022-09-01 Becker Marine Systems Gmbh Energiesparanordnung für doppelschraubenschiffe

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103180203B (zh) * 2010-12-02 2018-11-23 三菱造船株式会社 船舶
DK2591994T3 (da) * 2011-11-11 2014-09-15 Becker Marine Sys Gmbh & Co Kg Indretning til reduktion af et vandbefordringsmiddels drivkraftbehov
JP5854382B2 (ja) * 2011-12-20 2016-02-09 国立研究開発法人海上技術安全研究所 船舶のプロペラ位置最適化プログラム
CN103387037B (zh) * 2012-05-11 2015-12-09 台湾国际造船股份有限公司 船舶的非对称y字形鳍翼装置
JP5901512B2 (ja) * 2012-12-27 2016-04-13 三菱重工業株式会社 ダクト装置及びそれを用いた船舶
KR101656477B1 (ko) 2014-07-18 2016-09-09 삼성중공업 주식회사 선박
ES2767317T3 (es) * 2014-10-24 2020-06-17 Samsung Heavy Ind Dispositivo de mejora de la eficiencia de la propulsión
CN106184607A (zh) * 2016-07-11 2016-12-07 广州文冲船厂有限责任公司 一种艉柱与尾鳍的安装结构
JP6670414B1 (ja) * 2019-07-25 2020-03-18 川崎重工業株式会社 船尾フィン

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JPS4844391A (ja) 1971-10-08 1973-06-26
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JPS5015349A (ja) 1973-06-13 1975-02-18
US4427393A (en) 1980-10-24 1984-01-24 Vickers Public Limited Company Propulsion of ships
JPS59180999A (ja) 1983-03-30 1984-10-15 三菱電機株式会社 放電灯点灯装置
US4631036A (en) * 1983-07-06 1986-12-23 Grothues Spork Hermann Stern fin for single-prop ship
CN2081371U (zh) 1990-11-10 1991-07-24 中国船舶工业总公司七院七○八研究所 一种节能的桨前整流鳍
CN1058758A (zh) 1990-08-10 1992-02-19 赫巴特·施内克卢特 导流系统
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JPH05185986A (ja) 1991-11-14 1993-07-27 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 船舶用リアクションフィン装置
JPH07267189A (ja) 1994-03-31 1995-10-17 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 整流フィン付き舶用プロペラ装置
JPH08133172A (ja) 1994-11-09 1996-05-28 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd ツイン・スケグ船型の船尾形状
JP2006341640A (ja) 2005-06-07 2006-12-21 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd ツインスケグ船の推進性能改善装置
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JPS59180999A (ja) 1983-03-30 1984-10-15 三菱電機株式会社 放電灯点灯装置
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CN2081371U (zh) 1990-11-10 1991-07-24 中国船舶工业总公司七院七○八研究所 一种节能的桨前整流鳍
JPH05185986A (ja) 1991-11-14 1993-07-27 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 船舶用リアクションフィン装置
CN1120505A (zh) 1991-11-14 1996-04-17 三菱重工业株式会社 船用反作用鳍板装置
JPH07267189A (ja) 1994-03-31 1995-10-17 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 整流フィン付き舶用プロペラ装置
JPH08133172A (ja) 1994-11-09 1996-05-28 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd ツイン・スケグ船型の船尾形状
JP2006341640A (ja) 2005-06-07 2006-12-21 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd ツインスケグ船の推進性能改善装置
JP2008174115A (ja) 2007-01-19 2008-07-31 Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering Co Ltd 船舶の非対称前流固定翼

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International Search Report issued Jan. 27, 2009 in International (PCT) Application No. PCT/JP2008/068987.
Japanese Notice of Allowance issued Oct. 1, 2012 in corresponding European Application No. 08 877 527.5.
Japanese Office Action issued Sep. 4, 2012 in corresponding Japanese Application No. 2010-534615.
Supplementary European Search Report issued Mar. 20, 2012 in corresponding European Application No. 08 87 7527.

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20160347417A1 (en) * 2014-11-18 2016-12-01 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Twin skeg ship
WO2022180008A1 (de) * 2021-02-24 2022-09-01 Becker Marine Systems Gmbh Energiesparanordnung für doppelschraubenschiffe

Also Published As

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EP2338783A4 (en) 2012-04-18
WO2010046961A1 (ja) 2010-04-29
JPWO2010046961A1 (ja) 2012-03-15
KR20100127854A (ko) 2010-12-06
JP5276670B2 (ja) 2013-08-28
EP2338783A1 (en) 2011-06-29
CN102015430A (zh) 2011-04-13
US20110053441A1 (en) 2011-03-03
EP2338783B1 (en) 2013-02-27

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