US6023860A - Athletic shoe cleat - Google Patents

Athletic shoe cleat Download PDF

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Publication number
US6023860A
US6023860A US09/123,310 US12331098A US6023860A US 6023860 A US6023860 A US 6023860A US 12331098 A US12331098 A US 12331098A US 6023860 A US6023860 A US 6023860A
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United States
Prior art keywords
turf
hub
arm
traction
engaging portion
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US09/123,310
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English (en)
Inventor
Faris W. McMullin
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Softspikes LLC
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Softspikes LLC
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Application filed by Softspikes LLC filed Critical Softspikes LLC
Assigned to SOFTSPIKES, INC. reassignment SOFTSPIKES, INC. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: MCMULLIN, FARIS W.
Priority to US09/123,310 priority Critical patent/US6023860A/en
Priority to CA002253118A priority patent/CA2253118C/fr
Priority to AU91408/98A priority patent/AU705675B1/en
Priority to GB9825427A priority patent/GB2332136B/en
Priority to AT98309526T priority patent/ATE235173T1/de
Priority to ES98309526T priority patent/ES2195284T3/es
Priority to EP98309526A priority patent/EP0922401B1/fr
Priority to DE69812553T priority patent/DE69812553T2/de
Priority to PT98309526T priority patent/PT922401E/pt
Priority to JP34911898A priority patent/JP3151193B2/ja
Priority to KR1019980054328A priority patent/KR100300931B1/ko
Assigned to SOFTSPIKES, INC. (A DELAWARE CORPORATION) reassignment SOFTSPIKES, INC. (A DELAWARE CORPORATION) MERGER (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: SOFTSPIKES, INC. (A VIRGINIA CORPORATION)
Priority to US09/505,573 priority patent/US6167641B1/en
Assigned to SOFTSPIKES, INC. reassignment SOFTSPIKES, INC. DOCUMENT PREVIOUSLY RECORDED AT REEL 010299, FRAME 0801 CONTAINED AN ERROR IN PROPERTY NUMBER 09/123210. DOCUMENT RE-RECORDED TO CORRECT ERROR ON STATED REEL. Assignors: SOFTSPIKES, INC.
Publication of US6023860A publication Critical patent/US6023860A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Priority to US09/613,274 priority patent/US6305104B1/en
Assigned to M&I MARSHALL & ILSLEY BANK reassignment M&I MARSHALL & ILSLEY BANK SECURITY INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: SOFTPIKES, INC.
Assigned to NEWSTAR FINANCIAL, INC. reassignment NEWSTAR FINANCIAL, INC. SECURITY AGREEMENT Assignors: BESSPRIDE, LLC, PRIDE MANUFACTURING COMPANY, LLC, PRIDE US ACQUISITION CO., SOFTSPIKES, LLC, SPORT HOLDINGS, LLC
Assigned to SOFTSPIKES, LLC, TRISPORT LTD., PRIDE MANUFACTURING COMPANY, INC. reassignment SOFTSPIKES, LLC RELEASE BY SECURED PARTY (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: M&I MARSHALL & ILSLEY BANK
Assigned to SOFTSPIKES, LLC reassignment SOFTSPIKES, LLC CONVERSION OF A CORPORATION TO A LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY Assignors: SOFTSPIKES, INC.
Assigned to CITIZENS BANK, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION reassignment CITIZENS BANK, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION SECURITY INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: PRIDE MANUFACTURING COMPANY, LLC, SOFTSPIKES, LLC
Assigned to SOFTSPIKES, LLC, PRIDE MANUFACTURING COMPANY, LLC, BESSPRIDE, LLC, PRIDE US ACQUISITION CO., SPORT HOLDINGS, LLC reassignment SOFTSPIKES, LLC RELEASE BY SECURED PARTY (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: NEW STAR FINANCIAL, INC.
Assigned to SOFTSPIKES, LLC, PRIDE MANUFACTURING COMPANY, LLC reassignment SOFTSPIKES, LLC RELEASE BY SECURED PARTY (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: CITIZENS BANK, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION
Assigned to MIDCAP FINANCIAL TRUST, AS ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT reassignment MIDCAP FINANCIAL TRUST, AS ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT SECURITY INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: SOFTSPIKES, LLC
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Assigned to SOFTSPIKES, LLC reassignment SOFTSPIKES, LLC RELEASE BY SECURED PARTY (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: MIDCAP FINANCIAL TRUST, AS ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT
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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43C—FASTENINGS OR ATTACHMENTS OF FOOTWEAR; LACES IN GENERAL
    • A43C15/00—Non-skid devices or attachments
    • A43C15/16—Studs or cleats for football or like boots
    • A43C15/162—Studs or cleats for football or like boots characterised by the shape
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43C—FASTENINGS OR ATTACHMENTS OF FOOTWEAR; LACES IN GENERAL
    • A43C15/00—Non-skid devices or attachments
    • A43C15/005—Nails, pins
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B13/00—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units
    • A43B13/14—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units characterised by the constructive form
    • A43B13/22—Soles made slip-preventing or wear-resisting, e.g. by impregnation or spreading a wear-resisting layer
    • A43B13/24—Soles made slip-preventing or wear-resisting, e.g. by impregnation or spreading a wear-resisting layer by use of insertions
    • A43B13/26—Soles made slip-preventing or wear-resisting, e.g. by impregnation or spreading a wear-resisting layer by use of insertions projecting beyond the sole surface
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B5/00—Footwear for sporting purposes
    • A43B5/001—Golf shoes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B5/00—Footwear for sporting purposes
    • A43B5/02—Football boots or shoes, i.e. for soccer, football or rugby

Definitions

  • This invention relates to cleats for use with shoes worn on turf, and particularly to a golf cleat that provides enhanced traction without adversely affecting the turf, and at the same time is resistant to wear when worn on other surfaces.
  • spikes have also been known to adversely affect the turf of golf courses (or other playing surfaces), and particularly putting greens.
  • the large spikes tear into the putting green surface, particularly when a golfer drags his or her feet as many do, leaving "spike marks" that disrupt the carefully manicured surface and adversely affect the trajectories of putted golf balls.
  • spike marks in golf that the rules of the game have been adapted to account for their presence (the rules prohibit repairing spike marks before putting).
  • spike marks also affect groundskeepers, who after a day of play by numerous spike-wearing golfers have to spend hours repairing the various putting greens on their golf courses.
  • Traditional metal golf spikes are also damaging to the floor surfaces of golf clubhouses, and may actually exacerbate slipping on certain clubhouse floor surfaces such as marble. Traditional metal golf spikes even cause damage to paved outdoor walkways.
  • the cleat shown there has a flange with an attachment stud for attaching to a receptacle in a shoe sole, a plurality of traction protrusions on the flange to engage grass blades to provide traction without damaging turf, and a bearing portion that bears the wearer's weight, particularly when the wearer walks on a hard surface.
  • the bearing portion is a dome-shaped central portion. The protrusions are thereby less affected by the abrading effects of the hard surface, and last longer before they are worn to the point that they must be replaced.
  • a removable cleat for use with an athletic shoe for providing to a user traction on a turf surface.
  • the athletic shoe has a sole, and the sole has a plurality of sole attachment means for attachment of removable cleats.
  • Each removable cleat comprises a hub having a first side facing the sole and a second side facing away from the sole.
  • a hub attachment means extends from the first side for attaching the hub to one of the sole attachment means.
  • At least one traction element extends substantially laterally from the hub.
  • the traction element has a turf-engaging portion projecting away from the second side of the hub for engagement with turf blades to provide traction without puncturing turf.
  • the traction element is deflectably attached to the hub so that the turf-engaging portion deflects when it encounters a hard surface, to minimize wear of the turf-engaging portion by the hard surface.
  • An athletic shoe incorporating such cleats is also provided.
  • substantially without puncturing the turf is meant that the turf-engaging portion extends into and engages the grass blades of the turf, but does not penetrate into the ground or, if it does penetrate into the ground on certain types of turf surfaces (such as closely cropped greens), penetrates into the ground only a negligible amount insufficient to significantly damage the grass plant. What is important is that the crown of the grass plant not be damaged.
  • FIG. 1 is a plan view of the underside of an athletic shoe incorporating a first preferred embodiment of a cleat according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded bottom perspective view of the athletic shoe of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a side elevational view of the athletic shoe incorporating the first preferred embodiment of the cleat according to the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a bottom perspective view of a first preferred embodiment of a cleat according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a side elevational view of the cleat of FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 6 is a side elevational view of the cleat of FIGS. 4 and 5 compressed against a hard surface
  • FIG. 7 is a bottom perspective view of a second preferred embodiment of a cleat according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a bottom plan view of the cleat of FIG. 7;
  • FIG. 9 is a side elevational view of the cleat of FIGS. 7 and 8;
  • FIG. 10 is a bottom perspective view of a third preferred embodiment of a cleat according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a bottom plan view of the cleat of FIG. 10;
  • FIG. 12 is a side elevational view of the cleat of FIGS. 10 and 11;
  • FIG. 13 is a bottom perspective view of a fourth preferred embodiment of a cleat according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 14 is a bottom plan view of the cleat of FIG. 13;
  • FIG. 15 is a side elevational view of the cleat of FIGS. 13 and 14;
  • FIG. 16 is a bottom perspective view of a fifth preferred embodiment of a cleat according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 17 is a bottom plan view of the cleat of FIG. 16;
  • FIG. 18 is a side elevational view of the cleat of FIGS. 16 and 17;
  • FIG. 19 is a bottom perspective view of a sixth preferred embodiment of a cleat according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 20 is a bottom plan view of the cleat of FIG. 19;
  • FIG. 21 is a side elevational view of the cleat of FIGS. 19 and 20;
  • FIG. 22 is a bottom perspective view of a seventh preferred embodiment of a cleat according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 23 is a bottom plan view of the cleat of FIG. 22;
  • FIG. 24 is a side elevational view of the cleat of FIGS. 22 and 23;
  • FIG. 25 is a bottom perspective view of an eighth preferred embodiment of a cleat according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 26 is a side elevational view of the cleat of FIG. 25;
  • FIG. 27 is a bottom perspective view of an ninth preferred embodiment of a cleat according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 28 is a side elevational view of the cleat of FIG. 25.
  • traction is provided for athletic activities on turf surfaces by providing an athletic shoe having cleats, each of which has a hub with at least one traction element extending substantially laterally from the hub.
  • the cleat also preferably includes a threaded stud or shaft or other attachment device which may be integral with, or removable from, the central hub, for attaching the cleat to a corresponding threaded or other socket in the sole of an athletic shoe.
  • Each traction element preferably acts substantially independently from other traction elements, if any, although adjacent traction elements, if any, may cooperate to provide traction.
  • Each traction element preferably has a turf-engaging portion for engagement with grass blades in the turf to provide traction. Further, each traction element preferably is deflectably mounted to the hub, so that on a hard surface, the turf-engaging portion of the traction element is deflected, to reduce wear of the traction-engaging portions.
  • the entire cleat, including the hub may be made from a single material capable of deflection, the turf-engaging portion could be made from a more abrasion-resistant material.
  • the cleat could be made of polyurethane or another flexible, durable elastomer, while the turf-engaging portion is made from a "filled elastomer"--i.e., an elastomer (such as the same elastomer as the remainder of the cleat) filled with, e.g., particulate material, to make it more abrasion-resistant.
  • the two materials could, for example, be co-molded to form the cleat.
  • the hub could be made from yet another material.
  • the traction element preferably extends substantially laterally from the hub--i.e., the projection of the traction element into the plane of the hub, which when the cleat is attached to a shoe is parallel to the plane of the shoe sole, is larger than the projection of the traction element into a plane perpendicular to that of the shoe sole.
  • the traction element may lie substantially in the plane of the hub, so that it lies substantially along the sole when the cleat is attached to the shoe.
  • the traction element include a preferably substantially resilient arm extending from the hub, and a turf-engaging portion at the end of the arm, although the turf-engaging portion could begin at the hub, or could be integral with the arm rather than being a distinct portion.
  • the turf-engaging portion would preferably extend generally perpendicularly to the plane of the hub, so that it extends downward between the grass blades when the cleat is attached to a shoe being worn on turf, although it may extend at some other angle.
  • the arm lies substantially against the shoe sole
  • the arm is preferably at least torsionally resilient, so that the turf-engaging portion can deflect away from a hard surface by "rolling" onto its side as the arm twists when a hard surface is encountered.
  • the turf-engaging portion can fold against-the sole when it encounters a hard surface, by virtue of the resilient nature of the material from which it is made.
  • the traction element does not lie substantially in the plane of the hub. Rather, while the projection of the traction element into the plane of the hub is larger, the traction element nevertheless has a significant projection perpendicular to that plane.
  • the traction element when the cleat is attached to a shoe, the traction element is cantilevered away from the shoe sole, with the turf-engaging portion extending from the end of the traction element substantially perpendicularly to the shoe sole.
  • the traction element include the aforementioned arm, with the turf-engaging portion attached to the end of the arm.
  • each cleat to have a single traction element with a single turf-engaging portion, as described below, it is preferred that there be a plurality of traction elements, each having a turf-engaging portion.
  • the traction elements can extend deeply into the turf for better traction, while still not penetrating the ground or the crowns of grass plants, and yet on a closely-cropped green, the cantilevered arms can deflect against the shoe sole to minimize the projection of the traction elements, thereby minimizing puncturing of the ground and reducing marking on the green.
  • the deflection of the arms against the sole dissipates energy that otherwise would go into erosion or abrasion of the turf-engaging portions, and at the same time provides traction on the hard surface, minimizing slippage.
  • gussets are provided between the turf-engaging portions and the arms of the traction elements.
  • the gussets which are preferably resilient, preferably act as springs to pull the turf-engaging portions back into their upright positions when the arms resume their cantilevered position as the user lifts his or her foot from the hard surface or returns to a turf surface.
  • each gusset preferably acts as a wear surface when the arms are deflected against the shoe sole, so that even the sides of the turf-engaging portions are substantially protected from abrasion. For this reason, the gussets preferably are provided on the side of the turf-engaging portion facing the hub.
  • the turf-engaging portions preferably are small prisms, cones, etc., which hang down between the grass blades and provide traction by interacting with the blades to resist lateral motion relative to the blades.
  • the cleat according to the present invention may also provide traction by the cooperation of each pair of adjacent traction elements, as the V-shaped "notch" between them traps grass when the user's foot moves through the grass.
  • traction may also be provided as grass blades are trapped between the shoe sole and the cantilevered arm as the arm bends toward the sole (even on grass this bending will occur to some degree), mechanically locking the shoe to the grass. As the user lifts his or her foot, the arms spring outward, releasing the hold on the grass blades just at the time that the user no longer desires to be locked in place.
  • the continual flexing of the arms preferably results in a self-cleaning action that removes debris that otherwise could clog the cleat and reduce its ability to provide traction.
  • a clogged cleat would be more likely to leave an undesirable indentation in the turf, especially on golf greens. The self-cleaning action thus further minimizes the damage to greens by the cleats of the invention.
  • FIGS. 1-3 show a shoe 10 bearing a plurality of cleats 40 according to the present invention. As shown, there are preferably eleven cleats 40, although any other number may be provided. Each cleat 40 preferably has an attachment stud 20, which preferably is threaded for attachment to shoe 10 via one of threaded sockets 21, preferably provided for this purpose in shoe sole 22. Of course, other types of attachment could be provided.
  • each cleat 40 preferably has a preferably circular hub 41 bearing a plurality of traction elements 42 of the type described above, which preferably extend substantially laterally from hub 41--i.e., their projections in the plane of hub 41 are larger than their projections in a plane perpendicular to the plane of hub 41.
  • each traction element 42 preferably includes an arm 43 and a turf-engaging portion 44. Traction elements 42 are preferably mounted deflectably to hub 41, so that traction elements 42 can deflect when they encounter a hard surface such as a paved surface or even a closely cropped golf green or other closely cropped grass surface.
  • traction elements 42 include arms 43 separate from the turf-engaging portions 43, preferably at least the arms are deflectably mounted to hub 41.
  • arms 43 are made from a resilient material such as polyurethane or other flexible elastomer.
  • Turf-engaging portions 44 can be made from the same material as arms 43, provided that the material is sufficiently durable, or at least a portion, such as tip 61, of turf-engaging portions 44 can be made from a more abrasion-resistant material such as a filled elastomer as described above.
  • turf-engaging portions 44 When turf-engaging portions 44 are made from a different material than arms 43, turf-engaging portions 44 preferably are co-molded with arms 43.
  • hub 41 could be made from the same material as arms 43, or could be a different material.
  • cleat 40 is made entirely from a single material such as polyurethane or other flexible, durable elastomer, from which it is preferably made by injection molding.
  • Traction elements 42 provide traction on turf preferably by the interengagement of turf-engaging portions 44 with the individual grass blades without penetrating or puncturing the crown of any individual grass plant of the turf, and without penetrating or puncturing the soil.
  • Turf-engaging portions 44 preferably extend down between the grass blades and preferably are restrained by the grass blades themselves against lateral motion, thereby providing traction. Because of the deflectable mounting of traction elements 42, turf-engaging portions 44 can be allowed to protrude further into the grass blades than previously known non-penetrating athletic shoe cleats, while nevertheless avoiding or minimizing damage to the turf.
  • cleat 40 Another component of the traction provided by cleat 40 is the result of the trapping or jamming of grass blades into the substantially V-shaped notches 45 between traction elements 42. Still another component is the result of the trapping or jamming of grass blades into the V-shaped spaces 46 between traction elements 42 and the sole of shoe 10. This latter mechanism also provides enhanced traction on closely cropped grass surfaces as described below in connection with FIG. 6.
  • FIG. 6 shows how the "cantilevered" embodiment of FIGS. 1-6 both provides enhanced traction on closely-cropped surfaces while reducing turf damage, and also avoids excessive wear when worn on hard surfaces.
  • arms 43 preferably deflect until they are substantially parallel to the plane of hub 41 and the sole of shoe 10. This deflection minimizes the abrasion of tips 61 of turf-engaging portions 44, maximizing their useful life.
  • the deflection of traction elements 42 absorbs energy that otherwise would go into abrasion of tips 61.
  • a respective gusset 62 preferably of the same resilient material as arm 43, preferably is provided between arm 43 and turf-engaging portion 44 to act as a spring to help return turf-engaging portion 44 to its upright position once it is removed from hard surface 60.
  • the gusset 62 By placing each gusset 62 preferably on the side of turf-engaging portion 44 facing hub 41, the gusset 62 can be made to function as a wear surface 63, protecting even the sides of turf-engaging portions 44 and thus further extending their life.
  • traction elements 42 are urged against hard surface 60 as they attempt to spring back, then assuming an appropriately resilient material, they, or the edges of gussets 62 if provided, could provide traction against the hard surface
  • the position assumed by traction elements 42 in FIG. 6 can also be the result of encountering a closely cropped grass surface such as a golf green.
  • traction elements 42 deflect as shown, minimizing penetration of the turf and damage to the grass plants and the manicured surface of the green.
  • a further component of traction is provided as grass blades are trapped between the shoe sole and traction elements 42. The blades are released when the user picks up his or her foot, just when the traction is no longer desired. This component of traction may occur on other grass surfaces as well, to the extent that there may be some deflection of traction elements 42 even on those surfaces.
  • Cleat 40 as shown in FIGS. 1-6 includes threaded stud 20 as an integral part of the cleat.
  • the threaded attachment may be provided as a separate element--e.g., a conventional screw--with a suitable hole provided in hub 41 through which the screw may be inserted into threaded socket 21 in shoe sole 22.
  • the embodiments shown in FIGS. 7-24 are of the latter type.
  • cleat 40 of FIGS. 1-6 could be provided with a separate threaded attachment, so too can the embodiments of FIGS. 7-24 be provided with an integral threaded stud.
  • Cleat 70 shown in FIGS. 7-9, has a hub 741 and plurality of traction elements 742 extending substantially in the plane of hub 741, so that when cleat 70 is installed in a shoe, traction elements 742 would lie substantially against the shoe sole (not shown), rather than being cantilevered.
  • Hub 741 has a hole 71 therein for insertion of a threaded attachment, such as a screw; as set forth above, an integral threaded stud could also be provided.
  • each traction element 742 lacks a separate arm and turf-engaging portion. Rather, each traction element 742 is a unitary traction element that is substantially rectangular, and is twisted out of the plane of hub 741.
  • each traction element 742 serves as the turf-engaging portion. Although traction elements 742 lie against the sole of the shoe to which cleat 70 is attached, each traction element 742 nevertheless can deflect torsionally when a hard surface is encountered, to reduce wear of leading edge 744 and to minimize the penetration of leading edge 744 into the turf. It will be understood that traction elements like traction elements 742, which are not separated into an arm and a turf-engaging portion, also can be used in a cleat (not shown) in which the traction elements are cantilevered out of the plane of the hub.
  • FIGS. 10-12 are, respectively, top perspective, top plan, and side elevational views of a third preferred embodiment 100 of a cleat according to the present invention in which traction elements 1042 include turf-engaging portions 1044 resembling triangular or trapezoidal prisms having a substantially isosceles triangular cross section.
  • Each turf-engaging portion 1044 preferably is attached to central hub 1041 by a preferably flexible arm 1043.
  • a threaded stud or shaft (not shown), for attachment to a suitable receptacle in an athletic shoe, is formed either integrally with, or separately from but attached to, cleat 100, or a screw may be inserted through hole 101 to attach cleat 100 to a shoe.
  • FIGS. 13-15 are, respectively, top perspective, top plan, and side elevational views of a fourth preferred embodiment 130 of a cleat according to the present invention in which traction elements 1342 include turf-engaging portions 1344 resembling triangular or trapezoidal prisms having a substantially equilateral triangular cross section.
  • Each turf-engaging portion 1344 preferably is attached to central hub 1341 by a preferably flexible arm 1343.
  • a threaded stud or shaft (not shown), for attachment to a suitable receptacle in an athletic shoe, is formed either integrally with, or separately from but attached to, cleat 130, or a screw may be inserted through hole 131 to attach cleat 130 to a shoe.
  • FIGS. 16-18 are, respectively, top perspective, top plan, and side elevational views of a fifth preferred embodiment 160 of a cleat according to the present invention in which turf-engaging portions 1644 of traction elements 1642 are substantially frustoconical.
  • Each turf-engaging portion 1644 preferably is attached to central hub 1641 by a preferably flexible arm 1643, reinforced by gusset 1662 between turf-engaging portion 1644 and arm 1643.
  • a threaded stud or shaft (not shown), for attachment to a suitable receptacle in an athletic shoe, is formed either integrally with, or separately from but attached to, cleat 160, or a screw may be inserted through hole 161 to attach cleat 160 to a shoe.
  • FIGS. 19-21 are, respectively, top perspective, top plan, and side elevational views of a sixth preferred embodiment 210 of a cleat according to the present invention, which is similar to cleat 160, but in which arms 2143 do not angle away as much from the plane of hub 2141 as do arms 1643 from the plane of hub 1641.
  • a threaded stud or shaft (not shown), for attachment to a suitable receptacle in an athletic shoe, is formed either integrally with, or separately from but attached to, cleat 210, or a screw may be inserted through hole 211 to attach cleat 210 to a shoe.
  • FIGS. 22-24 are, respectively, top perspective, top plan, and side elevational views of a seventh preferred embodiment 240 of a cleat according to the present invention in which turf-engaging portions 2444 of traction elements 2442 are substantially semicylindrical at their tips 242.
  • Each turf-engaging portion 2444 preferably is attached to central hub 2441 by a preferably flexible arm 2443 that preferably is substantially curved out of the plane of hub 2441. It will be noted that in this embodiment portion 2444 is integral with arm 2443 rather than being a distinct portion.
  • a threaded stud or shaft (not shown), for attachment to a suitable receptacle in an athletic shoe, is formed either integrally with, or separately from but attached to, cleat 240, or a screw may be inserted through hole 241 to attach cleat 240 to a shoe.
  • each of cleats 70, 100, 130, 160, 210 and 240 is preferably molded as a unitary body (either with or without the threaded stud or shaft), preferably from a flexible, durable elastomeric material such as polyurethane.
  • each of cleats 70, 100, 130, 160, 210 and 240 could be molded as two or more separate parts (not shown), which are then fastened together, preferably in such a way that they cannot be separated.
  • each of cleats 70, 100, 130, 160, 210 and 240 could be a comolding of two separate materials.
  • FIGS. 25 and 26 an eighth preferred embodiment 250 of a cleat according to the present invention is shown in FIGS. 25 and 26.
  • Cleat 250 has a single cantilevered traction element in the form of a preferably continuous flange 251 cantilevered from hub 2541.
  • Flange 251 preferably has the appearance of a truncated cone, and may further have a depending skirt (not shown), preferably substantially perpendicular to hub 2541.
  • Flange 251 preferably is made from a material sufficiently resilient to allow all of flange 251 to be deflected toward the plane of hub 2541 without damaging flange 251.
  • flange 251 may be cut radially (not shown) to form a plurality of separate, but contiguous, traction elements.
  • flange 251 may extend less than completely around hub 2541, and there may be other embodiments within the invention having only a single traction element.
  • FIGS. 27 and 28 A ninth preferred embodiment 270 of a cleat according to the present invention is shown in FIGS. 27 and 28.
  • Cleat 270 is derived from cleat 250 by removing substantially triangular portions 271 from flange 251, creating a plurality of non-contiguous traction elements 272 extending from hub 2741, as opposed to merely cutting flange 251 as described (but not shown) above to create contiguous traction elements.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
  • Footwear And Its Accessory, Manufacturing Method And Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
US09/123,310 1997-12-11 1998-07-28 Athletic shoe cleat Expired - Lifetime US6023860A (en)

Priority Applications (13)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US09/123,310 US6023860A (en) 1997-12-11 1998-07-28 Athletic shoe cleat
CA002253118A CA2253118C (fr) 1997-12-11 1998-11-06 Barrette pour chaussures athletiques
AU91408/98A AU705675B1 (en) 1997-12-11 1998-11-10 Athletic shoe cleat
GB9825427A GB2332136B (en) 1997-12-11 1998-11-19 Athletic shoe cleat
PT98309526T PT922401E (pt) 1997-12-11 1998-11-20 Pitao para sapato de desporto
DE69812553T DE69812553T2 (de) 1997-12-11 1998-11-20 Dorn für Athletikschuh
AT98309526T ATE235173T1 (de) 1997-12-11 1998-11-20 Dorn für athletikschuh
ES98309526T ES2195284T3 (es) 1997-12-11 1998-11-20 Taco para calzado de atletismo.
EP98309526A EP0922401B1 (fr) 1997-12-11 1998-11-20 Crampon pour chaussure d'athlétisme
JP34911898A JP3151193B2 (ja) 1997-12-11 1998-12-08 運動靴クリート
KR1019980054328A KR100300931B1 (ko) 1997-12-11 1998-12-11 운동화 징
US09/505,573 US6167641B1 (en) 1997-12-11 1999-11-04 Athletic shoe cleat
US09/613,274 US6305104B1 (en) 1997-12-11 2000-07-10 Athletic shoe cleat

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US09/123,310 US6023860A (en) 1997-12-11 1998-07-28 Athletic shoe cleat

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US09/613,274 Expired - Lifetime US6305104B1 (en) 1997-12-11 2000-07-10 Athletic shoe cleat

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US09/613,274 Expired - Lifetime US6305104B1 (en) 1997-12-11 2000-07-10 Athletic shoe cleat

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EP (1) EP0922401B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP3151193B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR100300931B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE235173T1 (fr)
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ES2195284T3 (es) 2003-12-01
GB2332136B (en) 2002-07-17
EP0922401B1 (fr) 2003-03-26
KR100300931B1 (ko) 2001-09-06
US6167641B1 (en) 2001-01-02
DE69812553D1 (de) 2003-04-30
EP0922401A1 (fr) 1999-06-16
CA2253118A1 (fr) 1999-06-11
KR19990066841A (ko) 1999-08-16
AU705675B1 (en) 1999-05-27
DE69812553T2 (de) 2004-02-12
GB9825427D0 (en) 1999-01-13
JPH11262401A (ja) 1999-09-28
ATE235173T1 (de) 2003-04-15
PT922401E (pt) 2003-08-29
CA2253118C (fr) 2003-03-11
US6305104B1 (en) 2001-10-23
JP3151193B2 (ja) 2001-04-03
GB2332136A (en) 1999-06-16

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