US5682827A - Fluidized-bed combustor - Google Patents

Fluidized-bed combustor Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US5682827A
US5682827A US08/471,204 US47120495A US5682827A US 5682827 A US5682827 A US 5682827A US 47120495 A US47120495 A US 47120495A US 5682827 A US5682827 A US 5682827A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
fluidized
diffuser plate
bed
incombustible material
fluidizing gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
US08/471,204
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Shuichi Nagato
Takahiro Oshita
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ebara Corp
Original Assignee
Ebara Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ebara Corp filed Critical Ebara Corp
Assigned to EBARA CORPORATION reassignment EBARA CORPORATION ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: NAGATO, SHUICHI, OSHITA, TAKAHIRO
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US5682827A publication Critical patent/US5682827A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/30—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having a fluidised bed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
    • F23C10/02—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed
    • F23C10/12—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated exclusively within the combustion zone
    • F23C10/14—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated exclusively within the combustion zone the circulating movement being promoted by inducing differing degrees of fluidisation in different parts of the bed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
    • F23C10/18—Details; Accessories
    • F23C10/20—Inlets for fluidisation air, e.g. grids; Bottoms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2203/00—Furnace arrangements
    • F23G2203/50—Fluidised bed furnace
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2203/00—Furnace arrangements
    • F23G2203/50—Fluidised bed furnace
    • F23G2203/502—Fluidised bed furnace with recirculation of bed material inside combustion chamber

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a fluidized-bed combustor for combusting solid combustible material containing incombustible material or components, e.g., industrial waste, municipal garbage, coal, etc. in a fluidized-bed furnace, and more particularly to a fluidized-bed combustor for discharging incombustible material smoothly from a fluidized-bed furnace to avoid a deposit of incombustible material in a certain location in the fluidized-bed furnace and uniformly combusting solid combustible material to recover thermal energy stably therefrom.
  • incombustible material or components e.g., industrial waste, municipal garbage, coal, etc.
  • JP-A No. 4-214110 discloses a fluidized-bed combustor which combusts waste material containing incombustible material or components in a fluidized-bed furnace, and discharges the incombustible material or components smoothly from the fluidized-bed furnace to allow the waste material to be combusted stably in the fluidized-bed furnace.
  • an incombustible material discharge port 50 is defined between an air diffuser plate 40 and a furnace wall, and the air diffuser plate 40 has an inclined upper surface 44 inclined such that the incombustible material discharge port 50 is located in a lower position.
  • a fluidized-bed combustor shown in FIG. 11 of the above publication (No. 4-214110) has air diffuser plates 90a, 90b having respective downwardly inclined surfaces which extend from the center of a fluidized-bed furnace toward two incombustible material discharge ports 95a, 95b, and air diffuser plates 90c, 90d having respective downwardly inclined surfaces which extend from a furnace side wall toward the incombustible material discharge ports 95a, 95b. While more air is supplied from the regions of the air diffuser plates next to the incombustible material discharge ports through air chambers 93c, 93e than from other regions, a fluidized bed in which a fluidized medium is intensely fluidized by a large amount of air supplied thereto has a characteristic similar to liquid.
  • the incombustible material discharge ports in which a fluidizing gas is not introduced are open in the bottom of the furnace as viewed in plan, a fixed bed in which the fluidized medium is not fluidized is formed at the region near or above the incombustible material discharge ports. Therefore, the fixed bed prevents a circulating flow in the fluidized bed from being formed, dispersion and mixture of combustible material in the fluidized bed are not effectively carried out, and incombustible material cannot be smoothly discharged out of the furnace.
  • JP-B2 Japanese patent publication (JP-B2) No. 5-19044 discloses a fluidized-bed furnace for incinerating waste material containing incombustible material such as metal pieces, soil, and rocks.
  • the disclosed fluidized-bed furnace has a furnace bed including downwardly inclined surfaces extending toward an incombustible material discharge port 5 disposed centrally in the furnace bed. Fluidizing air is supplied such that the amount of fluidizing air per unit area of the furnace bed is larger in the vicinity of the incombustible material discharge port and decreases stepwise toward a furnace side wall.
  • incombustible material e.g., industrial waste, municipal garbage, coal, etc.
  • Incombustible material of a large specific gravity such as iron or the like, is less susceptible to descending and capable of moving horizontally when supported by a moving bed (the transient state of a fluidized medium between a fixed bed and a fluidized bed), but is quickly settled down and deposited and cannot easily be moved in a fluidized bed in which the fluidized medium is violently fluidized. Thus, it is difficult to discharge the incombustible material out of the furnace.
  • a specific object of the present invention to provide a fluidized-bed combustor which is capable of moving combustible material containing incombustible material supplied into a fluidized-bed furnace to a position in the vicinity of an incombustible material discharge port with a fluidized medium, violently fluidizing the fluidized medium and rapidly combusting the combustible material in the vicinity of the incombustible material discharge port, and settling and separating incombustible material of a large specific gravity to discharge it from the incombustible material discharge port.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a fluidized-bed combustor in which the flow of a fluidizing gas is not interrupted by an incombustible material discharge port to thereby stabilize a main fluidized bed and a main circulating flow of a fluidized medium which are produced in a fluidized-bed furnace for combusting combustible material effectively.
  • Still another object of the present invention is to provide a fluidized-bed combustor in which while combustible material containing incombustible material supplied into a fluidized-bed furnace is moving in descending and horizontal flows of a fluidized medium, the combustible material is separated by a selective action of a fluidizing gas into an upper fluidized bed having a high combustible material concentration with a small specific gravity and a lower fluidized bed having a high incombustible material concentration with a large specific gravity, the upper fluidized bed flows beyond an incombustible material discharge port and is mixed with an upward flow for further circulation, and the incombustible material and fluidized medium in the lower fluidized bed are extracted with priority out of the fluidized-bed furnace through the incombustible material discharge port.
  • Yet still another object of the present invention is to provide a fluidized-bed combustor which is capable of effectively discharging incombustible material out of a fluidized-bed furnace, and has a heat collector disposed in an auxiliary fluidized bed that is produced separately from a main fluidized bed, for stably recovering thermal energy.
  • a fluidized-bed combustor for combusting combustible material containing incombustible material in a fluidized-bed furnace, comprising: a first diffuser plate disposed at a bottom of the fluidized-bed furnace and having a plurality of holes for supplying a fluidizing gas with a relatively low fluidizing gas velocity; a second diffuser plate disposed at a bottom of the fluidized-bed furnace and having a plurality of holes for supplying a fluidizing gas with a relatively high fluidizing gas velocity; an incombustible material discharge port for discharging the incombustible material out of the fluidized-bed furnace, the incombustible material discharge port being defined between the first diffuser plate and the second diffuser plate; a combustible material supply port disposed above the first diffuser plate for supplying the combustible material into the fluidized-bed furnace; and a diffuser device for supplying a fluidizing gas through the incombustible material discharge port into the
  • the fluidized medium forms a main circulating flow which includes descending and upward flows.
  • a fluidizing gas is supplied from the incombustible material discharge port to continue a main fluidized bed in the vicinity of the incombustible material discharge port for thereby stabilizing the main circulating flow.
  • the upper fluidized bed flows beyond the incombustible material discharge port and is mixed with the upward flow of the moving fluidized medium for further circulation and combustion.
  • the incombustible material and the fluidized medium in the lower fluidized bed are extracted with priority out of the fluidized-bed furnace through the incombustible material discharge port.
  • the fluidized-bed combustor further comprises an auxiliary diffuser plate disposed between the first diffuser plate and the incombustible material discharge port, the auxiliary diffuser plate having a plurality of fluidizing gas supply holes defined therein for supplying a fluidizing gas so as to fluidize the fluidized medium at a relatively high fluidizing speed, the auxiliary diffuser plate having a downwardly inclined surface extending between a lower edge of the first diffuser plate and the incombustible material discharge port and being steeper than the first diffuser plate.
  • the fluidized-bed furnace has an inclined wall disposed above the second diffuser plate for directing the fluidizing gas and the fluidized medium flowing upwardly of the second diffuser plate toward a region above the first diffuser plate, i.e., a central region of the fluidized-bed furnace.
  • a free board is disposed above the inclined wall.
  • the second diffuser plate has an upwardly inclined surface which is progressively higher away from the incombustible material discharge port and supplies the fluidizing gas having a progressively increasing fluidizing gas velocity away from the incombustible material discharge port.
  • the fluidized-bed combustor also comprises a thermal energy recovery chamber defined between the inclined wall and a side wall of the fluidized-bed furnace and being in communication with the central region of the fluidized-bed furnace above and below the inclined wall; a heat collector disposed in the thermal energy recovery chamber for recovering thermal energy from the fluidized medium in the thermal energy recovery chamber; and a third diffuser plate disposed between the second diffuser plate and the side wall of the fluidized-bed furnace and extending contiguously to an outer edge of the second diffuser plate, the third diffuser plate having a plurality of holes for supplying a fluidizing gas with a relatively low fluidizing gas velocity; wherein the third diffuser plate has an upwardly inclined surface which has the same gradient as the second diffuser plate and supplies the fluidizing gas to fluidize the fluidized medium at a relatively low fluidizing speed in the thermal energy recovery chamber.
  • the bottom of the fluidized-bed furnace may be of a rectangular or circular shape. If the bottom of the fluidized-bed furnace is of a rectangular shape, then the first diffuser plate, the incombustible discharge port, and the second diffuser plate, which are of a rectangular shape, may be disposed parallel to each other, or alternatively, the incombustible material discharge port and the second diffuser plate, which are of a rectangular shape, may be disposed symmetrically with respect to a ridge of the first diffuser plate which is of a rectangular, roof-shaped structure.
  • the circular bottom of the fluidized-bed furnace is composed of the first diffuser plate which is of a conical shape having a central region higher than a circumferential edge thereof, the incombustible material discharge port comprising a plurality of arcuate sections disposed concentrically with the first diffuser plate, and the second diffuser plate which is of an annular shape disposed concentrically with the first diffuser plate.
  • a fluidized-bed combustor for combusting combustible material containing incombustible material in a fluidized-bed furnace, comprising: a first diffuser plate disposed at a bottom of the fluidized-bed furnace and having a plurality of holes for supplying a fluidizing gas with a relatively low fluidizing gas velocity; an auxiliary diffuser plate disposed at a bottom of the fluidized-bed furnace and having a plurality of holes for supplying a fluidizing gas with a relatively high fluidizing gas velocity; a second diffuser plate disposed at a bottom of the fluidized-bed furnace and having a plurality of holes for supplying a fluidizing gas with a relatively high fluidizing gas velocity; an incombustible material discharge port for discharging the incombustible material out of the fluidized-bed furnace, the incombustible material discharge port being defined between the auxiliary diffuser plate and the second diffuser plate; and a combustible material supply port disposed above the
  • the fluidized-bed furnace has an inclined wall disposed above the second diffuser plate for directing the fluidizing gas and the fluidized medium flowing upwardly of the second diffuser plate toward a region above the first diffuser plate, i.e., a central region of the fluidized-bed furnace.
  • a free board is disposed above the inclined wall.
  • the second diffuser plate has an upwardly inclined surface which is progressively higher away from the incombustible material discharge port and supplies the fluidizing gas having a progressively increasing fluidizing gas velocity away from the incombustible material discharge port.
  • the fluidized-bed combustor also has a thermal energy recovery chamber defined between the inclined wall and a side wall of the fluidized-bed furnace and being in communication with the central region of the fluidized-bed furnace above and below the inclined wall; a heat collector disposed in the thermal energy recovery chamber for recovering thermal energy from the fluidized medium in the thermal energy recovery chamber; and a third diffuser plate disposed between the second diffuser plate and the side wall of the fluidized-bed furnace and extending contiguously to an outer edge of the second diffuser plate, the third diffuser plate having a plurality of holes for supplying a fluidizing gas with a relatively low fluidizing gas velocity; wherein the third diffuser plate has an upwardly inclined surface which has the same gradient as the second diffuser plate and supplies the fluidizing gas to fluidize the fluidized medium at a relatively low fluidizing speed in the thermal energy recovery chamber.
  • the bottom of the fluidized-bed furnace may be of a rectangular or circular shape. If the bottom of the fluidized-bed furnace is of a rectangular shape, then the first diffuser plate, and the second diffuser plate, which are of a rectangular shape, may be disposed parallel to each other, or alternatively, the first diffuser plate and the second diffuser plate, which are of a rectangular shape, may be disposed symmetrically with respect to a ridge of the first diffuser plate which is of a rectangular, roof-shaped structure.
  • the circular bottom of the fluidized-bed furnace is composed of the first diffuser plate which is of a conical shape, the second diffuser plate which is of an inverted conical shape disposed concentrically with the first diffuser plate, and the incombustible material discharge port which is open in the vertical gap between the outer circumferential edge of the first diffuser plate and the inner circumferential edge of the second diffuser plate.
  • a fluidizing gas such as air supplied from the first diffuser plate fluidizes a fluidized medium at a relatively low fluidizing speed to create a descending flow of the fluidized medium
  • a fluidizing gas such as air supplied from the second diffuser plate fluidizes the fluidized medium at a relatively high fluidizing speed to create an upward flow of the fluidized medium, thus producing a main circulating fluidized bed including the descending and upward flows.
  • the fluidized medium descends with the descending flow, it is guided by the downwardly inclined surface of the first diffuser plate, and ascends with the upward flow in the vicinity of the second diffuser plate. Having reached an upper region of the fluidized bed, the fluidized medium is directed to the central region of the fluidized-bed furnace, and then descends with the descending flow again, with the result that a main circulating flow is generated which circulates in the main fluidized bed.
  • the fluidized medium in the region near or above the incombustible material discharge port is fluidized intensely.
  • a fluidized region of the fluidized medium continues from the first diffuser plate to the second diffuser plate, and a circulating flow including a descending flow in the weak fluidized region and an upward flow in the intense fluidized region is stably formed without interrupted.
  • the inclined wall above the second diffuser plate directs the fluidizing gas and the fluidized medium ascending upwardly of the second diffuser plate toward the central region of the fluidized-bed furnace, thereby promoting the formation of the main circulating flow.
  • Combustible material containing incombustible material is supplied to a location above the first diffuser plate from the combustible material supply port.
  • the fluidized medium above the first diffuser plate is slowly fluidized, and a moving bed of an intermediate state between a fixed bed and a fluidized bed is formed. Since the combustible material and the incombustible material is suspended in the fluidized medium of the moving bed, they descend together with the circulating flow in the fluidized bed, and then move horizontally toward a fluidized region above the second diffuser plate which supplies a fluidizing gas with a relatively large fluidizing gas velocity.
  • the fluidized medium is slowly fluidized, and material of larger specific gravity than the bulk density of the moving bed descends gradually and material of smaller specific gravity than the bulk density of the moving bed floats during the horizontal flow of the fluidized medium, thus creating specific gravity separation.
  • the combustible material of a small specific gravity moves toward an upper region of the horizontal flow and the incombustible material of a large specific gravity moves toward a lower region of the horizontal flow.
  • an upper fluidized bed having a high combustible material concentration with a small specific gravity and a lower fluidized bed having a high incombustible material concentration with a large specific gravity are produced from the combustible material in the horizontal flow in the vicinity of the incombustible material discharge port.
  • the upper fluidized bed flows beyond the incombustible material discharge port and is mixed with the upward flow of the fluidized medium, and the combustible material in the fluidized bed is combusted in an oxidizing atmosphere and intensive fluidization. Since the upper fluidized bed has a relatively low incombustible material concentration, the combustible material in the fluidized bed is effectively combusted in the upward flow of the fluidized medium.
  • the lower fluidized bed having a large incombustible material concentration with a large specific gravity is guided by the downwardly inclined upper surface of the first diffuser plate toward the incombustible material discharge port, and a part of the fluidized medium and the incombustible material in the lower fluidized bed are extracted from the incombustible material discharge port. Since the fluidized medium above the first diffuser plate is in the state of a moving bed, the incombustible material of a large specific gravity, such as iron or the like is supported by the moving bed, moved toward the incombustible material discharge port, and is not deposited on the bottom of the fluidized-bed furnace.
  • the fluidized medium is fluidized intensely at the region near or above the incombustible material discharge port.
  • the fluidized bed has a characteristic similar to liquid. Therefore, material of larger specific gravity than the bulk density of the fluidized bed descends and material of smaller specific gravity floats in the fluidized bed, thus creating specific gravity separation easily.
  • the incombustible material of a large specific gravity descends rapidly toward the inside of the incombustible material discharge port, can be easily and smoothly discharged out of the furnace. Since the incombustible material in the fluidized-bed furnace is taken out smoothly and effectively, combustion of the combustible material and formation of the fluidized bed are not prevented. The combustible material and the incombustible material are separated by the selective action of the fluidizing gas, almost all of the incombustible material is effectively taken out, and only a little amount of the fluidized medium is taken out. Therefore, loss of heat is small and the removed incombustible material can easily be processed as any combustible material contained therein is small.
  • the auxiliary diffuser plate has a downwardly inclined surface steeper than the downwardly inclined surface of the first diffuser plate and supplies a fluidizing gas so as to fluidize the fluidized medium at a relatively high fluidizing speed. Therefore, since the moving bed above the first diffuser plate is converted into the fluidized bed above the auxiliary diffuser plate, the selective action for the incombustible material is rapidly performed, and the incombustible material of a large specific gravity such as iron descends rapidly onto the auxiliary diffuser plate. However, since the auxiliary diffuser plate has the steeply downwardly inclined surface, the incombustible material of a large specific gravity is smoothly guided toward the incombustible material discharge port.
  • the second diffuser plate has an upwardly inclined surface which is higher away from the incombustible material discharge port and supplies the fluidized gas having a progressively increasing fluidizing gas velocity away from the incombustible material discharge port, thereby promoting the formation of the main circulating flow.
  • the third diffuser plate supplies a fluidizing gas so as to fluidize the fluidized medium in the thermal energy recovery chamber at a relatively low fluidizing speed and create a moving bed which moves downwardly in the thermal energy recovery chamber.
  • a part of the fluidized medium from the upper region of the upward flow is introduced into the thermal energy recovery chamber beyond an upper end of the inclined wall.
  • the fluidized medium descends as a moving bed and is cooled by a heat exchange carried out by the heat collector in the thermal energy recovery chamber.
  • the fluidized medium is guided along the third diffuser plate toward the second diffuser plate, where it is mixed with the upward flow and heated by the heat of combustion in the upward flow.
  • an auxiliary circulating flow of the fluidized medium is formed by the descending flow in the thermal energy recovery chamber and the upward flow in the main combustion chamber, and the heat of combustion in the fluidized-bed furnace is collected by the heat collector in the thermal energy recovery chamber. Since the overall heat-transfer coefficient of the heat collector varies greatly depending on the fluidizing gas velocity as shown in FIG. 10 of the accompanying drawings, the amount of collected thermal energy can easily be controlled by varying the amount of the fluidizing gas which passes through the third diffuser plate.
  • the fluidized-bed furnace In the case where the fluidized-bed furnace is of a rectangular shape as viewed in plan, it can be designed and manufactured relatively easily. However, in the case where the fluidized-bed furnace is of a circular shape as viewed in plan, the pressure resistance of the side wall of the fluidized-bed furnace can be increased. Therefore, it is possible to keep a low pressure lower than the atmospheric pressure in the fluidized-bed furnace for preventing odors and harmful gases produced upon combustion of waste material from leaking out of the fluidized-bed furnace, or alternatively to keep a high pressure in the fluidized-bed furnace for producing a high-pressure combustion gas capable of operating a gas turbine.
  • one of the diffuser plates adjacent to the incombustible material discharge port has a lower edge substantially vertically aligned with and vertically spaced from an adjacent edge of the other of the diffuser plates as viewed in plan, and the incombustible material discharge port is open in a vertical gap between the edges of the diffuser plates. Therefore, the fluidized medium can be fluidized at the region above the incombustible material discharge port without the diffuser device provided on the inner surface of the incombustible material discharge port.
  • a fluidized region of the fluidized medium continues from the first diffuser plate to the second diffuser plate, and a circulating flow including a descending flow in the weak fluidized region and an upward flow in the intense fluidized region is stably formed without interrupted.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view of a fluidized-bed combustor according to a first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view of a fluidized-bed combustor according to a second embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view of a fluidized-bed combustor according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view of a fluidized-bed combustor according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the bottom of a fluidized-bed combustor according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a plan view of the bottom of the fluidized-bed combustor shown in FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VII--VII of FIG. 6;
  • FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the bottom of a fluidized-bed combustor according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a perspective view of the bottom of a fluidized-bed combustor according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a graph showing the relationship between the overall heat-transfer coefficient of a heat collector and the fluidizing gas velocity supplied from a third diffuser plate in the fluidized-bed combustor according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows in schematic vertical cross section a fluidized-bed combustor according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the fluidized-bed combustor comprises an incombustible material discharge port 8 disposed centrally in the bottom of a fluidized-bed furnace 1, and a first diffuser plate 2 and a second diffuser plate 3 which are disposed in the fluidized-bed furnace 1 between the incombustible material discharge port 8 and a side wall 42 of the fluidized-bed furnace 1.
  • the fluidized-bed combustor further comprises a combustible material supply port 10 disposed above the first diffuser plate 2, an inclined wall 9 disposed above the second diffuser plate 3, and a free board 44 disposed above the inclined wall 9.
  • the fluidized-bed furnace 1 may be of a rectangular or circular shape when viewed in plan, i.e. from above.
  • a main fluidized bed is formed in the fluidized-bed furnace 1 when a fluidized medium composed of incombustible particles such as sand is blown upwardly into a fluidized state by a fluidizing gas such as air that is introduced upwardly into the fluidized-bed furnace 1 from the first diffuser plate 2 and the second diffuser plate 3.
  • the main fluidized bed has a varying upper surface 43 positioned somewhere in the height of the inclined wall 9.
  • a first diffuser chamber 4 defined below the first diffuser plate 2 is supplied with a fluidizing gas such as air from a gas supply 14 through a pipe 62 and a connector 6.
  • the fluidizing gas in the first diffuser chamber 4 is supplied through a number of fluidizing gas supply holes 72 defined in the first diffuser plate 2 into the fluidized-bed furnace 1 at a relatively low fluidizing gas velocity, thus forming a weak fluidized-bed region 17 of the fluidized medium above the first diffuser plate 2.
  • the fluidized medium produces a descending flow 18.
  • the first diffuser plate 2 has a downwardly inclined upper surface which, in vertical cross section, is progressively lower toward the incombustible material discharge port 8. In FIG. 1, the descending flow 18 is converted into a substantially horizontal flow 19 along the downwardly inclined upper surface of the first diffuser plate 2 in the vicinity of the upper surface of the first diffuser plate 2.
  • the second diffuser plate 3 has a number of fluidizing gas supply holes 74 defined therein, and defines a second diffuser chamber 5 therebelow.
  • the second diffuser chamber 5 is supplied with a fluidizing gas such as air from a gas supply 15 through a pipe 64 and a connector 7.
  • the fluidizing gas in the second diffuser chamber 5 is supplied through the fluidizing gas supply holes 74 into the fluidized-bed furnace 1 at a relatively high fluidizing gas velocity, thus forming an intense fluidized-bed region 16 of the fluidized medium above the second diffuser plate 3.
  • the fluidized medium produces an upward flow 20.
  • the second diffuser plate 3 has an upwardly inclined upper surface which, in vertical cross section, is lowest near the incombustible material discharge port 8 and progressively higher toward the side wall 42.
  • the fluidized medium in the fluidized-bed furnace 1 moves from an upper region of the upward flow 20 into an upper region of the weak fluidized-bed region 17, i.e., an upper region of the descending flow 18, descends with the descending flow 18, and moves from the horizontal flow 19 into a lower region of the upward flow 20, thereby creating a main circulating flow.
  • the inclined wall 9 is progressively higher from the side wall 42 toward the center of the fluidized-bed furnace 1 for forcibly directing the upward flow 20 toward a region above the first diffuser plate 2.
  • the combustible material supply port 10 which is positioned above the first diffuser plate 2, charges combustible material 38 into a region above the first diffuser plate 2 in the fluidized-bed furnace 1.
  • the combustible material 38 supplied from the combustible material supply port 10 is mixed with the descending flow 18 of the fluidized medium, and descends with the descending flow 18 toward the bottom of the fluidized-bed furnace 1 while being thermally decomposed or partially combusted. Then, the combustible material 38 is mixed with the horizontal flow 19 of the fluidized medium along the downwardly inclined upper surface of the first diffuser plate 2, and moves horizontally toward the incombustible material discharge port 8.
  • the combustible material in the horizontal flow 19 is subjected to a selective action of the upwardly supplied fluidizing gas, and is separated into incombustible material 11 of a greater specific gravity in a lower region of the horizontal flow 19 and combustible material of a smaller specific gravity in an upper region of the horizontal flow 19. Therefore, an upper fluidized bed 12 having a high combustible material concentration with a small specific gravity and a lower fluidized bed 13 having a high incombustible material concentration with a large specific gravity are produced in the horizontal flow 19 in the vicinity of the incombustible material discharge port 8.
  • the upper fluidized bed 12 flows beyond the incombustible material discharge port 8 and is mixed with the upward flow 20 of the fluidized medium, and the combustible material in the fluidized bed is combusted in an oxidizing atmosphere and intensive fluidization.
  • Combustion gases produced in the fluidized bed flow beyond the upper surface 43 of the fluidized bed upwardly into the free board 44 wherein they are subjected to secondary combustion, dust removal, and thermal energy recovery. Thereafter the combustion gases are discharged into the atmosphere.
  • the fluidized medium and the incombustible material in the lower fluidized bed 13 are extracted from the incombustible material discharge port 8.
  • the fluidized medium and the incombustible material in the lower fluidized bed 13 are discharged out of the fluidized-bed furnace 1 from the incombustible material discharge port 8 through a passage 40, and a hopper, a discharge damper, or the like (not shown) which are connected to the passage 40.
  • the fluidized medium that is taken together with the incombustible material out of the fluidized-bed furnace 1 is retrieved by a suitable means (not shown), and returned to the fluidized-bed furnace 1.
  • the volume of air to be blown out from or supplied through the first diffuser plate 2 is controlled in such a manner that the fluidizing gas velocity slows to a velocity of approximately 1 to 2.5 times the minimum fluidizing gas velocity (Umf).
  • the volume of air to be blown out from or supplied through the second diffuser plate 3 is controlled in such a manner that the fluidizing gas velocity achieves a high velocity of approximately 4 to 12 times the minimum fluidizing gas velocity (Umf).
  • the fluidizing gas is supplied from the gas supply 15 through the pipe 64, branch pipes 66, and nozzles 21 into the passage 40. From the passage 40, the fluidizing gas is introduced through the incombustible material discharge port 8 upwardly into the fluidized-bed furnace 1, and fluidizes the fluidized medium above the incombustible material discharge port 8 to form a main fluidized bed that is continuous from the region above the first diffuser plate 2 to the region above the second diffuser plate 3 for thereby stabilizing the main circulating flow of the fluidized medium.
  • the second diffuser plate 3 which has the upwardly inclined upper surface that is progressively higher away from the incombustible material discharge port 8, gradually converts the upper fluidized bed 12 separated from the horizontal flow which moves substantially horizontally along the downwardly inclined upper surface of the first diffuser plate 2 toward the region above the incombustible material discharge port 8, into the upward flow 20.
  • the fluidizing gas velocity of the fluidizing gas supplied from the second diffuser plate 3 may be progressively greater away from the incombustible material discharge port 8 so that the main circulating flow is effectively formed.
  • FIG. 2 shows in schematic vertical cross section a fluidized-bed combustor according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the fluidized-bed combustor comprises a first diffuser plate 2 disposed centrally on the bottom of a fluidized-bed furnace 1, auxiliary diffuser plates 3' disposed on opposite sides of the first diffuser plate 2 and each having a number of fluidizing gas supply holes 76 defined therein, and incombustible material discharge ports 8 and a second diffuser plate 3 which are disposed between the auxiliary diffuser plates 3' and a side wall 42 of the fluidized-bed furnace 1.
  • the fluidized-bed combustor further comprises a combustible material supply port 10 disposed above the first diffuser plate 2, an inclined wall 9 disposed above the second diffuser plate 3, and a free board 44 disposed above the inclined wall 9.
  • the first diffuser plate 2 has a downwardly inclined upper surface which, in vertical cross section, is highest at its center and progressively lower toward the incombustible material discharge ports 8. If the fluidized-bed furnace 1 has a circular horizontal cross-sectional shape, then the upper surface of the first diffuser plate 2 is of a conical shape. In FIG. 2, a descending flow 18 of a fluidized medium in the fluidized-bed furnace 1 is divided, in a region near a central crest 73 of the first diffuser plate 2, into two substantially horizontal flows 19 flowing in opposite directions along the downwardly inclined upper surface of the first diffuser plate 2. If the fluidized-bed furnace 1 has a circular horizontal cross-sectional shape, then the second diffuser plate 3 has an inverted conical upper surface which has an outer circumferential edge higher than its inner circumferential edge.
  • the first diffuser plate 2 has outer edges joined to the auxiliary diffuser plates 3' having a number of fluidizing gas supply holes 76, below which auxiliary diffuser chambers 5' are defined.
  • the auxiliary diffuser chambers 5' are supplied with a fluidizing gas from a gas supply 15 through a pipe 64, branch pipes 68, valves 68', and connectors 7'.
  • the fluidizing gas in the auxiliary diffuser chambers 5' is introduced through the fluidizing gas supply holes 76 into the fluidized-bed furnace 1 at a relatively high fluidizing gas velocity, thereby fluidizing a fluidized medium above the auxiliary diffuser plates 3'.
  • the volume of air to be blown out from the auxiliary diffuser plates 3' is controlled in such a manner that the fluidizing gas velocity achieves a high velocity of approximately 4 to 12 times the minimum fluidising gas velocity (Umf).
  • the fluidized medium in the fluidized-bed furnace 1 moves from upper regions of upward flows 20 into an upper region of a weak fluidized-bed region 17, i.e., an upper region of the descending flow 18, descends with the descending flow 18, and moves from horizontal flows 19 into lower regions of the upward flows 20, thereby creating a main circulating flow.
  • the descending flow 18, which is composed of a moving bed, is divided, near the central crest 73 of the first diffuser plate 2, into two substantially horizontal flows 19 flowing in opposite directions along the downwardly inclined upper surface of the first diffuser plate 2. If the fluidized-bed furnace 1 has a rectangular horizontal cross-sectional shape, then two left and right main circulating flows are generated in the fluidized-bed furnace 1.
  • the incombustible material such as iron which has a large specific gravity in the horizontal flows 19 is not deposited on the bottom of the fluidized-bed furnace 1, but is moved.
  • the moving bed is turned into a moving bed having a large fluidizing speed by the fluidizing gas supplied from the auxiliary diffuser plates 3'. Therefore, the incombustible material of a large specific gravity is rapidly settled down due to the selective action of the fluidizing gas.
  • the auxiliary diffuser plates 3' are steeper than the first diffuser plate 2, so that the settled incombustible material of a large specific gravity is moved by gravity along the downwardly inclined surfaces of the auxiliary diffuser plates 3' toward the incombustible material discharge ports 8.
  • FIG. 2 The other details of the fluidized-bed combustor shown in FIG. 2 will not be described in detail below because it is substantially the same as the fluidized-bed combustor shown in FIG. 1 except that it has the auxiliary diffuser plates 3' and the auxiliary diffuser chambers 5', and the first diffuser plate 2, the incombustible material discharge ports 8 and the second diffuser plate 3 are symmetrical with respect to the center of the fluidized-bed furnace 1.
  • FIG. 3 shows in schematic vertical cross section a fluidized-bed combustor according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • a fluidized-bed furnace 1 has auxiliary diffuser plates 3' which are steeper than the auxiliary diffuser plates 3' shown in FIG. 2, and have a lower edge 77 lying in vertical alignment with, but vertically spaced from, a lower edge 75 of a second diffuser plate 3 adjacent thereto.
  • Each of the incombustible material discharge ports 8 is open laterally through a vertical gap between the lower edge 77 and the lower edge 75.
  • a fluidizing gas is not supplied from the incombustible material discharge ports 8, and the incombustible material discharge ports 8 are not open in a horizontal plan and hence do not interrupt upward flows of the fluidizing gas. Therefore, the incombustible material discharge ports 8 do not disturb a main circulating flow of the fluidized medium.
  • FIG. 4 shows in schematic vertical cross section a fluidized-bed combustor according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • a fluidized-bed furnace 1 has incombustible material discharge ports 8 which are open laterally through vertical gaps between lower edges 75, 77. A fluidizing gas is not supplied from the incombustible material discharge ports 8.
  • the fluidized-bed furnace 1 has a main combustion chamber at the central part thereof and a thermal energy recovery chamber 25 adjacent to the main combustion chamber.
  • the thermal energy recovery chamber 25 is defined between an inclined wall 24 above a second diffuser plate 3 and a side wall 42 of the fluidized-bed furnace 1, and houses heat collectors 27.
  • the inclined wall 24 has a vertical downward extension.
  • the lower edge of the vertical downward extension of the inclined wall 24 is spaced from the third diffuser plate 28 by a vertical gap which serves as a lower communication passage 29 between the main combustion chamber and a lower region of the thermal energy recovery chamber 25.
  • a plurality of vertical screen pipes 23 are disposed between an upper edge of the inclined wall 24 and the side wall 42, and define therebetween upper communication passages 23' between the main combustion chamber and an upper region of the thermal energy recovery chamber 25.
  • a gas supply 32 is connected to a third diffusion chamber 30 defined below the third diffuser plate 28 through pipes 68" and connectors 31.
  • a fluidizing gas is supplied from the third diffusion chamber 30 through a number of fluidizing gas supply holes 78 defined in the third diffuser plate 28 into the thermal energy recovery chamber 25 at a relatively low fluidizing gas velocity, thereby producing auxiliary circulating flows 26 in which a fluidized medium descends.
  • the volume of air to be blown out from the third diffuser plate 28 is controlled in such a manner that the fluidizing gas velocity slows to a velocity of approximately 1 to 2.5 times the minimum fluidizing gas velocity (Umf).
  • the reversed flows 22 enter an upper region of the thermal energy recovery chamber 25, in which they descend as descending flows.
  • the descending flows pass through the lower communication passage 29, are mixed with the upward flows 20 of main circulating flows, and ascend and reach upper regions of the upward flows 20, thus creating the auxiliary circulating flows 26 of the fluidized medium which pass through the thermal energy recovery chamber 25.
  • the fluidized medium in the auxiliary circulating flows 26 is cooled by a heat exchange carried out by the heat collectors 27 in the thermal energy recovery chamber 25, and then heated by the heat of combustion in the upward flows 20. Since the overall heat-transfer coefficient of the heat collectors 27 varies greatly depending on the fluidizing gas velocity as shown in FIG. 10, the amount of collected thermal energy can effectively be controlled by varying the amount of the fluidizing gas which passes through the third diffuser plate 28.
  • the fluidizing gas is supplied from the incombustible material discharge port 8, and the main fluidized bed is free of interrupted regions, so that a stable main circulating flow is generated.
  • the lower edges of the auxiliary diffuser plates 3' are vertically spaced from the lower edge of the adjacent second diffuser plate 3 so as to define the incombustible material discharge port 8 in the vertical gap between the spaced lower edges.
  • the flow of the fluidizing gas supplied upwardly from the bottom of the fluidized-bed furnace is free of interrupted regions, and hence a stable fluidized bed is created in the same manner as the fluidized-bed combustor shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • FIGS. 5, 6, and 7 are perspective, plan, and cross-sectional views, respectively, of the circular bottom of a fluidized-bed combustor according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
  • the fluidized-bed combustor according to the fifth embodiment corresponds to the fluidized-bed combustor shown in FIG. 2 where the fluidized-bed furnace is of a circular shape as viewed in plan.
  • the cross-sectional view shown in FIG. 7 is taken along line VII--VII of FIG. 6.
  • a first diffuser plate 2 has a conical surface with its center being higher than its circumferential edge.
  • annular auxiliary air diffusion plate 3' An annular auxiliary air diffusion plate 3', four arcuate incombustible material discharge ports 8, and a second diffuser plate 3 are disposed concentrically around the first diffuser plate 2.
  • the annular auxiliary air diffusion plate 3' has an inclined surface steeper than the inclined surface of the central first diffuser plate 2.
  • the second diffuser plate 3 has an annular inverted conical surface with its inner circumferential edge being lower than its outer circumferential edge.
  • a second diffuser chamber 5 defined below the second diffuser plate 3 is of an annular shape.
  • each of the fourth diffuser plates 3" has two downwardly inclined surfaces directed toward the two incombustible material discharge ports 8 that are positioned one on each side thereof.
  • the volume of air to be blown out from the fourth diffuser plate 3" is controlled in such a manner that the fluidizing gas velocity achieves a high velocity of approximately 4 to 12 times the minimum fluidizing gas velocity (Umf).
  • the downwardly inclined surfaces of each of the fourth diffuser plates 3" serve to guide incombustible material having a large specific gravity toward the incombustible material discharge ports 8, thereby preventing those incombustible material from being deposited on the fourth diffuser plates 3".
  • the other structural details and functions of the fluidized-bed combustor according to the fifth embodiment are substantially the same as those of the fluidized-bed combustor according to the second embodiment shown in FIG. 2, and will not be described in detail.
  • FIG. 8 shows in perspective view the bottom of a fluidized-bed furnace of a fluidized-bed combustor according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
  • the fluidized-bed combustor according to the sixth embodiment corresponds to the fluidized-bed combustor shown in FIG. 2 where the fluidized-bed furnace is of a rectangular shape as viewed in plan.
  • a first diffuser plate 2 is of a rectangular shape as viewed in plan, and has a roof-shaped structure formed by two oppositely upwardly inclined plate members joined at a central ridge 73'.
  • the first diffuser plate 2, auxiliary air diffusion plates 3', incombustible material discharge ports 8, and second diffuser plates 3 are disposed symmetrically with respect to the central ridge 73', and are rectangular in shape.
  • the fluidized-bed combustor shown in FIG. 8 includes fourth diffuser plates 3" extending perpendicularly to the ridge 73' and along edges of the incombustible material discharge ports 8, and having downwardly inclined surfaces directed toward the incombustible material discharge ports 8.
  • the downwardly inclined surfaces of the fourth diffuser plates 3" serve to guide incombustible material having a large specific gravity toward the incombustible material discharge ports 8, thereby preventing the incombustible material from being deposited on the fourth diffuser plates 3".
  • the other structural details and functions of the fluidized-bed combustor according to the sixth embodiment are substantially the same as those of the fluidized-bed combustor according to the second embodiment shown in FIG. 2, and will not be described in detail.
  • FIG. 9 shows in perspective view the bottom of a fluidized-bed furnace of a fluidized-bed combustor according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.
  • the fluidized-bed combustor according to the seventh embodiment corresponds to the fluidized-bed combustor shown in FIG. 2 where the fluidized-bed furnace is of a rectangular shape as viewed in plan, and is essentially similar to the fluidized-bed combustor according to the sixth embodiment shown in FIG. 8.
  • second diffuser plates 3 have edges located adjacent to incombustible material discharge ports 8 and lying in the planes of extensions of inclined surfaces of a first diffuser plate 2, and also have edges located adjacent to a side wall of the fluidized-bed furnace and lying above the planes of the extensions of the inclined surfaces of the first diffuser plate 2.
  • the other structural details and functions of the fluidized-bed combustor according to the seventh embodiment are substantially the same as those of the fluidized-bed combustor according to the second and sixth embodiments shown in FIGS. 2 and 8, and will not be described in detail.
  • fluidized-bed combustor according to the sixth and seventh embodiments shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 have fewer curved surfaces than the fluidized-bed combustor according to the other embodiments, they can be designed and machined relatively easily, and can be manufactured relatively inexpensively.
  • FIG. 10 is a graph showing the relationship between the overall heat-transfer coefficient of the heat collector and the fluidizing gas velocity of a fluidizing gas supplied from the third diffuser plate 28 in the fluidized-bed combustor according to the present invention.
  • the overall heat-transfer coefficient of the heat collector varies greatly depending on the fluidizing gas velocity in a fluidizing gas velocity range from 0 to 0.3 m/s, particularly from 0.05 to 0.25 m/s. Therefore, when the fluidizing gas velocity in the thermal energy recovery chamber is adjusted in the above range, the overall heat-transfer coefficient of the heat collector can be varied to control the amount of collected thermal energy in a wide range.
  • the fluidized-bed combustor In the fluidized-bed combustor, a main circulating flow including descending and upward flows of a fluidized medium is created, and combustible material is charged into an upper region of the descending flow, is mixed with the main circulating flow, and combusted.
  • the fluidized-bed combustor can uniformly combust combustible material such as waste even if sizes, incombustible contents and specific gravity thereof vary.
  • Combustible material moves in descending and upward flows while being combusted and decomposed, and incombustible material of a large specific gravity, while gradually separated from combustible material of a small specific gravity by the selective action of a fluidizing gas, is guided along a downwardly inclined surface of a first diffuser plate toward an incombustible material discharge port.
  • the incombustible material is rapidly settled and separated by the intensive selective action of the fluidizing gas, and then smoothly removed from the fluidized-bed furnace.
  • thermal energy recovery chamber is defined between an inclined wall and a furnace side wall, and a third diffuser plate having substantially the same gradient as that of a second diffuser plate and also having a downwardly inclined surface directed toward an incombustible material discharge port is disposed below the thermal energy recovery chamber, incombustible material in the heat thermal energy recovery chamber is smoothly guided to the incombustible material discharge port, and the recovery of thermal energy is not disturbed. Because the heat transfer coefficient of a heat collector can be varied greatly by adjusting a fluidizing gas from the third diffuser plate, it is easy to adjust the amount of recovery of thermal energy.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
  • Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
  • Crucibles And Fluidized-Bed Furnaces (AREA)
US08/471,204 1995-04-26 1995-06-06 Fluidized-bed combustor Expired - Fee Related US5682827A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP7-102634 1995-04-26
JP10263495 1995-04-26

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US5682827A true US5682827A (en) 1997-11-04

Family

ID=14332679

Family Applications (3)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US08/471,204 Expired - Fee Related US5682827A (en) 1995-04-26 1995-06-06 Fluidized-bed combustor
US08/750,793 Expired - Fee Related US5957066A (en) 1995-04-26 1996-04-26 Fluidized-bed thermal reaction apparatus
US09/098,474 Expired - Fee Related US5979341A (en) 1995-04-26 1998-06-17 Fluidized-bed thermal reaction apparatus

Family Applications After (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US08/750,793 Expired - Fee Related US5957066A (en) 1995-04-26 1996-04-26 Fluidized-bed thermal reaction apparatus
US09/098,474 Expired - Fee Related US5979341A (en) 1995-04-26 1998-06-17 Fluidized-bed thermal reaction apparatus

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (3) US5682827A (fr)
EP (2) EP0740109B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP3961022B2 (fr)
KR (2) KR960038241A (fr)
CN (3) CN1114063C (fr)
AU (1) AU690846B2 (fr)
DE (2) DE69525237T2 (fr)
ES (2) ES2171483T3 (fr)
RU (2) RU2138731C1 (fr)
TW (1) TW270970B (fr)
WO (1) WO1996034232A1 (fr)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5915309A (en) * 1996-04-26 1999-06-29 Hitachi Zosen Corporation Fluidized bed incinerator
US5957066A (en) * 1995-04-26 1999-09-28 Ebara Corporation Fluidized-bed thermal reaction apparatus
US6099301A (en) * 1998-06-15 2000-08-08 Outokumpu Oyj Feed apparatus for batch preparation feed mixture for feeding into smelting furnace
US6694555B2 (en) 2000-02-25 2004-02-24 Hill-Rom Services, Inc. Air fluidized bladders for a bed
US20040172764A1 (en) * 1997-10-24 2004-09-09 Hill-Rom Services, Inc. Mattress
US20060104872A1 (en) * 2002-11-15 2006-05-18 Ryuichi Ishikawa Fluidized-bed gasification furnace
DE102005005796A1 (de) * 2005-02-09 2006-08-17 Applikations- Und Technikzentrum Für Energieverfahrens-, Umwelt- Und Strömungstechnik (Atz-Evus) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur thermochemischen Umsetzung eines Brennstoffs
DE102005061298B4 (de) * 2005-12-21 2010-04-22 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Fließbettofen

Families Citing this family (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP3546235B2 (ja) * 2002-04-30 2004-07-21 岡山大学長 乾式分離方法及び分離装置
EP1678445B1 (fr) * 2003-09-26 2016-09-07 Ebara Corporation Systeme de retrait d'incombustible d'un four a lit fluidise
EE05298B1 (et) 2004-04-29 2010-04-15 Foster Wheeler Energia Oy Meetod p?levkivi v?i oma omadustelt p?levkiviga sarnase kütuse p?letamiseks tsirkuleeriva keevkihiga katlas
EP1753999B1 (fr) * 2004-05-28 2013-11-20 Alstom Technology Ltd Dispositif a lit fluidise a agent comburant enrichi en oxygene
CN101466634B (zh) * 2006-04-11 2014-10-22 特尔莫科技有限公司 固体碳质材料合成气生产方法及装置
CN101476720B (zh) * 2008-11-11 2010-12-15 烟台双强燃烧控制工程有限公司 循环流化床锅炉床下点火装置
JP5706149B2 (ja) * 2010-02-26 2015-04-22 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 電気装置
RU2488061C2 (ru) * 2010-03-29 2013-07-20 Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Воронежский государственный технический университет" Способ теплообмена газовых сред
CN103765103B (zh) * 2011-09-07 2016-01-06 荏原环境工程有限公司 流化床炉及使用流化床炉的废弃物的处理方法
CN104136842B (zh) * 2012-02-13 2016-05-11 荏原环境工程有限公司 流动层锅炉的层内传热管
CN102658067B (zh) * 2012-04-28 2014-05-14 北京林业大学 一种环形流化床反应器
CN104419797A (zh) * 2013-08-30 2015-03-18 攀钢集团研究院有限公司 喷吹脱硫流态化室
JP6338430B2 (ja) * 2014-04-16 2018-06-06 荏原環境プラント株式会社 旋回流型流動床炉
GB2558162A (en) * 2014-09-19 2018-07-11 Mortimer Tech Holdings Limited Toroidal bed reactor
JP7079627B2 (ja) * 2018-03-13 2022-06-02 荏原環境プラント株式会社 流動層熱回収装置
CN109611855A (zh) * 2019-01-21 2019-04-12 广西南宁绿泽环保科技有限公司 一种布风灰斗一体式生活垃圾低温热解焚烧炉
CN114225467B (zh) * 2021-11-24 2023-03-24 杨凌萃健生物工程技术有限公司 一种中药复方颗粒的提取分离装置及方法
CN115818048B (zh) * 2023-02-10 2023-06-02 山东红疆汽车制造有限公司 一种运输天然砂或者机制砂的异型立式罐

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS52118858A (en) * 1976-03-12 1977-10-05 Dagurasu Arisun Mitsuchieru Thermal reactor
JPS53102138A (en) * 1977-02-15 1978-09-06 Sankyo Giken Kk Elctric pachinko machine equipped with apparatus for controlling speeds of balls
JPS57124608A (en) * 1981-01-27 1982-08-03 Ebara Corp Fluidized bed type heat-reactive furnace
US4419330A (en) * 1981-01-27 1983-12-06 Ebara Corporation Thermal reactor of fluidizing bed type
WO1989000659A1 (fr) * 1987-07-20 1989-01-26 Ebara Corporation Chaudiere a lit fluidise du type a circulation interne et procede de commande
US4938170A (en) * 1986-01-21 1990-07-03 Ebara Corporation Thermal reactor
JPH04122926A (ja) * 1990-09-13 1992-04-23 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd 画像形成方法
JPH04208304A (ja) * 1990-11-30 1992-07-30 Nkk Corp 流動床式廃棄物焼却炉
JPH04214110A (ja) * 1990-12-11 1992-08-05 Ube Ind Ltd 廃棄物用流動床燃焼装置
JPH0519044A (ja) * 1991-07-09 1993-01-26 Kazukiyo Takano ゴルフ場の距離測定方法及び装置

Family Cites Families (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP3153091B2 (ja) * 1994-03-10 2001-04-03 株式会社荏原製作所 廃棄物の処理方法及びガス化及び熔融燃焼装置
FR1498034A (fr) * 1966-10-28 1967-10-13 Appareil pour l'incinération continue des déchets ou gadoues
JPS54137735A (en) * 1978-04-19 1979-10-25 Babcock Hitachi Kk Porous plate dividing air supply system
JPS55165416A (en) * 1979-06-13 1980-12-23 Ebara Corp Fluidized bed incinerator
US4330502A (en) * 1980-06-16 1982-05-18 A. Ahlstrom Osakeyhtio Fluidized bed reactor
ES505033A0 (es) * 1980-08-29 1982-07-01 Flameless Furnaces Ltd Perfeccionamientos en quemadores de lecho fluidificado
JPS57127716A (en) * 1981-01-29 1982-08-09 Ebara Corp Fluidized incineration
US5138982A (en) * 1986-01-21 1992-08-18 Ebara Corporation Internal circulating fluidized bed type boiler and method of controlling the same
JPS63271016A (ja) 1987-04-27 1988-11-08 Nkk Corp 廃棄物焼却用流動床炉
CA1291322C (fr) * 1987-12-17 1991-10-29 John V. Allen Reacteur a lit fluidise, avec combustion bizone
EP0321308A1 (fr) * 1987-12-17 1989-06-21 Cet Energy Systems Inc. Foyer à lit fluidisé
US5156099A (en) * 1988-08-31 1992-10-20 Ebara Corporation Composite recycling type fluidized bed boiler
JPH07109282B2 (ja) * 1989-04-28 1995-11-22 株式会社荏原製作所 流動床熱回収装置及びその散気装置
JPH03122411A (ja) * 1989-10-05 1991-05-24 Kobe Steel Ltd 流動床式ごみ焼却炉
JP2947946B2 (ja) * 1990-12-14 1999-09-13 川崎重工業株式会社 流動床燃焼炉
JP3176668B2 (ja) * 1991-10-09 2001-06-18 株式会社荏原製作所 流動床焼却炉
US5313913A (en) * 1993-05-28 1994-05-24 Ebara Corporation Pressurized internal circulating fluidized-bed boiler
US5401130A (en) * 1993-12-23 1995-03-28 Combustion Engineering, Inc. Internal circulation fluidized bed (ICFB) combustion system and method of operation thereof
US5422080A (en) * 1994-03-09 1995-06-06 Tampella Power Corporation Solids circulation enhancing air distribution grid
JPH07269833A (ja) * 1994-03-31 1995-10-20 Hitachi Zosen Corp 流動床式焼却炉およびその燃焼制御方法
TW270970B (en) * 1995-04-26 1996-02-21 Ehara Seisakusho Kk Fluidized bed combustion device

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS52118858A (en) * 1976-03-12 1977-10-05 Dagurasu Arisun Mitsuchieru Thermal reactor
JPS53102138A (en) * 1977-02-15 1978-09-06 Sankyo Giken Kk Elctric pachinko machine equipped with apparatus for controlling speeds of balls
JPS57124608A (en) * 1981-01-27 1982-08-03 Ebara Corp Fluidized bed type heat-reactive furnace
US4419330A (en) * 1981-01-27 1983-12-06 Ebara Corporation Thermal reactor of fluidizing bed type
US4938170A (en) * 1986-01-21 1990-07-03 Ebara Corporation Thermal reactor
WO1989000659A1 (fr) * 1987-07-20 1989-01-26 Ebara Corporation Chaudiere a lit fluidise du type a circulation interne et procede de commande
JPH04122926A (ja) * 1990-09-13 1992-04-23 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd 画像形成方法
JPH04208304A (ja) * 1990-11-30 1992-07-30 Nkk Corp 流動床式廃棄物焼却炉
JPH04214110A (ja) * 1990-12-11 1992-08-05 Ube Ind Ltd 廃棄物用流動床燃焼装置
JPH0519044A (ja) * 1991-07-09 1993-01-26 Kazukiyo Takano ゴルフ場の距離測定方法及び装置

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5957066A (en) * 1995-04-26 1999-09-28 Ebara Corporation Fluidized-bed thermal reaction apparatus
US5979341A (en) * 1995-04-26 1999-11-09 Ebara Corporation Fluidized-bed thermal reaction apparatus
US5915309A (en) * 1996-04-26 1999-06-29 Hitachi Zosen Corporation Fluidized bed incinerator
US20040172764A1 (en) * 1997-10-24 2004-09-09 Hill-Rom Services, Inc. Mattress
US6099301A (en) * 1998-06-15 2000-08-08 Outokumpu Oyj Feed apparatus for batch preparation feed mixture for feeding into smelting furnace
US6694555B2 (en) 2000-02-25 2004-02-24 Hill-Rom Services, Inc. Air fluidized bladders for a bed
US20040158927A1 (en) * 2000-02-25 2004-08-19 Hill-Rom Services, Inc. Air fluidized bladders for a bed
US20060104872A1 (en) * 2002-11-15 2006-05-18 Ryuichi Ishikawa Fluidized-bed gasification furnace
DE102005005796A1 (de) * 2005-02-09 2006-08-17 Applikations- Und Technikzentrum Für Energieverfahrens-, Umwelt- Und Strömungstechnik (Atz-Evus) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur thermochemischen Umsetzung eines Brennstoffs
DE102005061298B4 (de) * 2005-12-21 2010-04-22 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Fließbettofen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN1114063C (zh) 2003-07-09
JP3961022B2 (ja) 2007-08-15
TW270970B (en) 1996-02-21
US5979341A (en) 1999-11-09
RU2159896C2 (ru) 2000-11-27
AU690846B2 (en) 1998-04-30
CN1134531A (zh) 1996-10-30
KR960038241A (ko) 1996-11-21
DE69618516D1 (de) 2002-02-21
RU2138731C1 (ru) 1999-09-27
CN1152349A (zh) 1997-06-18
AU692286B2 (en) 1998-06-04
ES2171483T3 (es) 2002-09-16
EP0740109A3 (fr) 1998-03-11
EP0766041A4 (fr) 1998-03-18
WO1996034232A1 (fr) 1996-10-31
EP0740109A2 (fr) 1996-10-30
AU3057195A (en) 1996-11-07
AU5515096A (en) 1996-11-18
CN1138094C (zh) 2004-02-11
US5957066A (en) 1999-09-28
DE69525237D1 (de) 2002-03-14
KR100442742B1 (ko) 2004-11-06
DE69525237T2 (de) 2002-09-26
CN1494943A (zh) 2004-05-12
EP0766041B1 (fr) 2002-01-16
ES2171666T3 (es) 2002-09-16
EP0766041A1 (fr) 1997-04-02
EP0740109B1 (fr) 2002-01-30
DE69618516T2 (de) 2002-09-05

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US5682827A (en) Fluidized-bed combustor
CA1332497C (fr) Four a lit fluidise
KR100306026B1 (ko) 순환 유동상 시스템을 구동시키는 방법 및 장치
CA1269900A (fr) Generateur de vapeur a lit fluidise, et methode de generation de vapeur avec recyclage des cendres volantes
FI104053B (fi) Laite reaktion suorittamiseksi kaasun ja hiukkasmaisen materiaalin välillä suljetussa tilassa
JPH0694922B2 (ja) 通路分離装置を備えた流動床反応器
US4867079A (en) Combustor with multistage internal vortices
JPH0571708A (ja) 流動床反応器及び改良された粒子除去装置を利用する流動床反応器の操作方法
EP0431163A1 (fr) Chaudiere a lit fluidise a circulation composite
US5242662A (en) Solids recycle seal system for a fluidized bed reactor
US5510085A (en) Fluidized bed reactor including a stripper-cooler and method of operating same
US4419966A (en) Fluidized bed combustion
KR100261720B1 (ko) 유동층 반응기 및 그 작동방법
JPH0791612A (ja) 改良された圧力シールを有する流動床燃焼装置及び該装置を使用する燃焼方法
JPH0756361B2 (ja) 流動層熱回収装置およびその制御方法
EP0398718B1 (fr) Système d'étanchéité appliqué au recyclage des matières solides dans un réacteur à lit fluidifié
JPH06117601A (ja) 循環流動床ボイラ
JPH0198812A (ja) 流動層型燃焼装置
JPS63306305A (ja) 流動層燃焼装置
KR950704647A (ko) 순환 유동상 반응기 시스템을 구동하는 방법 및 장치(method and apparatus for operating a circulating fluidized bed reactor system)

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: EBARA CORPORATION, JAPAN

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:NAGATO, SHUICHI;OSHITA, TAKAHIRO;REEL/FRAME:007575/0637

Effective date: 19950726

FPAY Fee payment

Year of fee payment: 4

REMI Maintenance fee reminder mailed
LAPS Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees
STCH Information on status: patent discontinuation

Free format text: PATENT EXPIRED DUE TO NONPAYMENT OF MAINTENANCE FEES UNDER 37 CFR 1.362

FP Lapsed due to failure to pay maintenance fee

Effective date: 20051104