US5110070A - Rigid airship having ribs and long beams forming a carrier frame - Google Patents

Rigid airship having ribs and long beams forming a carrier frame Download PDF

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US5110070A
US5110070A US07/712,269 US71226991A US5110070A US 5110070 A US5110070 A US 5110070A US 71226991 A US71226991 A US 71226991A US 5110070 A US5110070 A US 5110070A
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Prior art keywords
airship
longitudinal
cross
lift gas
ribs
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Klaus Hagenlocher
Florian Windischbauer
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Luftschiffbau Zeppelin GmbH
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Luftschiffbau Zeppelin GmbH
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Assigned to LUFTSCHIFFBAU ZEPPELIN GMBH reassignment LUFTSCHIFFBAU ZEPPELIN GMBH ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: HAGENLOCHER, KLAUS, WINDISCHBAUER, FLORIAN
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64B—LIGHTER-THAN AIR AIRCRAFT
    • B64B1/00—Lighter-than-air aircraft
    • B64B1/06—Rigid airships; Semi-rigid airships
    • B64B1/08—Framework construction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64B—LIGHTER-THAN AIR AIRCRAFT
    • B64B1/00—Lighter-than-air aircraft
    • B64B1/06—Rigid airships; Semi-rigid airships
    • B64B1/24—Arrangement of propulsion plant

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a rigid airship with a carrier frame formed of cross-ribs interconnected by long beams.
  • a plurality of cross-ribs is interconnected by long beam sections interposed between neighboring cross-ribs.
  • the so-formed carrier frame supports the lift producing carrier or lift gas cells and any other structural groups needed for the operation of the airship.
  • Airships of this type are referred to as rigid airships in contrast to so-called nonrigid or pressure airships.
  • the pressure airships have only a single carrier gas cell and do not require a carrier frame. Advances made in the aircraft construction lead to the transport of passengers and goods primarily by aircraft in recent decades. However, there are special fields where the high transport speed of aircrafts is not especially important so that airships could be advantageously used in these special fields. It is, for example, advantageous when an aircraft is capable of cruising for prolonged periods of time in the vicinity of its destination at very low speeds, or even better, if it is capable to remain in a floating or rather, hovering, state for a longer period of time in a fixed location.
  • aircraft is intended to include airships. Airships are well capable of satisfying these requirements. Thus, repeated investigations have been made with regard to the use of airships. In actual practice, frequently the above mentioned pressure airships, also known as blimps, have been used. These blimps are somewhat smaller in volume and less expensive than conventional rigid airships. Due to avoiding a carrier frame, the blimps are not only lighter, but correspondingly less complicated in their construction and hence less expensive in their manufacture. Another advantage of blimps is the fact that even if they are relatively small, they still can carry a satisfactory payload. However, it is a disadvantage of blimps that their travel speed is rather low due to their plump shape. Another disadvantage is seen in that blimps are not very stable on their course and there is always the problem of gas leakage. When a blimp loses pressure, it is no longer effectively steerable.
  • Conventional rigid airships normally comprise a carrier frame made of a substantial number of ring-type cross ribs interconnected at junction points by a plurality of longitudinal beams.
  • the ring-type cross-ribs are constructed as polygons comprising, for example, more than twenty cross-rib sections, whereby for satisfying strength requirements each corner of such a polygonal rib is connected with each other corner of the same ring-type rib by tension wires.
  • junction points are provided for the connection of the mentioned longitudinal beams. These junction points constitute the connection between any given ring to its neighboring rings.
  • the so constructed multi-cornered sections of the carrier frame support the gas cells within the framework.
  • the outer surface of the framework is closed by the so-called outer skin.
  • the lift producing gas cells are held in place inside the framework by netting so that the lift gas cells bear against the inner surfaces of the frame members, whereby an intermediate space is formed between the skin of the individual gas cells and the outer skin of the airship.
  • the frame members are arranged in this intermediate spacing which is lost for producing lift.
  • the individual cross rib sections of the rib rings and the longitudinal beams are conventionally constructed as a truss or framework. Such a construction involves a substantial technical effort and expense for the formation of the carrier frame.
  • Another disadvantage of a truss-type carrier frame is seen in that it is sensitive against localized force introduction and against vibrations. Thus, even minor accidents may lead to substantial damage of the carrier frame structure which in turn entails a substantial effort and expense for maintenance and repair work.
  • due to the weight of the carrier frame only relatively large rigid airships having a lift volume of several ten thousandths cubic meters, provide a satisfactory payload. However, airships of such sizes are not desirable for many purposes.
  • rigid airships must be contrasted to a few advantageous characteristics of such rigid airships.
  • rigid airships due to the aerodynamically advantageous outer contour of rigid airships, they have a higher operational speed and a good course stability as compared to blimps.
  • Another important advantage of rigid airships is their larger safety due to the use of a plurality of gas cells and due to the fact that gas loss is usually limited to one or only a few gas cells. Further, the rigid airship retains its contour and hence remains completely steerable.
  • the report refers to carrier frame structures that have been investigated in which instead of the cross-ribs, three beams are provided in the shape of a triangle standing on its tip.
  • the outer skin of the airship is wrapped externally around the three carriers.
  • Longitudinal carrier beam structures are connected to the corners of the three cross carriers.
  • the longitudinal carrier beam constructions interconnect the cross-carrier ribs with each other in sections and sequentially.
  • the longitudinal carrier members secured to the lower tip of the triangle are sensitive to damage. Structural details regarding the carrier gas cells and any other structural features of the airship are not provided in said report.
  • the report merely shows that by a simplified triangular construction of the ribs of the carrier frame weight savings are possible.
  • the skin of the carrier gas cells shall also form the envelope or skin of the airship or most of that envelope.
  • the above objects have been achieved according to the invention in a rigid airship that is characterized by the following features.
  • the base of the triangular cross-ribs is arranged horizontally in a lower portion of the carrier frame of the airship.
  • the longitudinal frame sections are formed by quadrangular frame components, each comprising two cross-carrier members of neighboring cross-carrier triangles and two longitudinal beams interconnecting the cross-carrier members, thereby enclosing quadrangular surfaces. These quadrangular surfaces are strengthened by two diagonally extending tensioning elements.
  • a lift gas cell is arranged int eh longitudinal frame sections. Each lift gas cell bears with its upper portion against the inner surface of the longitudinal carrier beam to which it is secured.
  • Each lift gas cell projects laterally from the cross-carrier ribs and the longitudinal carrier beams so that these cells form with their cell skin over the length of the respective longitudinal frame section, the envelope of the lift gas cell and the outer skin of the airship.
  • the lower portion of the lift gas cell loosely rests on the tension elements diagonally crossing the quadrangular surface formed by the two lower base longitudinal carrier beams, whereby the lower portion of the respective lift gas cell forms a separation wall between the gas in the lift or carrier gas cell and an air chamber provided in the lower portion of the airship.
  • a separate envelope is arranged between the base longitudinal carriers to downwardly close said air chamber, whereby the envelope completes or supplements the cross-sectional configuration of the airship.
  • the just described structure of the carrier frame according to the invention makes it possible to secure three components of a tail unit to the ends of the the three longitudinal carrier beams. It is further possible in the present structure that the propulsion plants which are secured tot he two lower longitudinal carrier beams, can be positioned within a substantially freely selectable range since the anchoring connectors may be secured to the junction points of the carrier frame.
  • the construction of the triangular shaped cross-carriers or cross-ribs in combination with the longitudinal carrier beams require few simple structural components, whereby manufacturing costs are lowered to an optimal extent.
  • Individual components such as the longitudinal or cross-beams may be conveniently premanufactured and then separately assembled.
  • the entire ship has a low total weight, whereby a high payload and hence efficiency is achieved.
  • the present carrier frame Due to the diagonal tensioning of the quadrangular fields or surfaces, the present carrier frame has a high stiffness.
  • the quadrangular surfaces are defined by the longitudinal sections of the carrier beam arranged between neighboring cross-beams formed as triangles, the base of which faces down.
  • the stable and elongated aerodynamically advantageous shape of the carrier frame makes it possible to secure all structural components to the carrier frame, such components including propulsion plants, control surfaces, gondolas, and so forth.
  • the carrier or lift gas cells are secured in the longitudinal direction of the airship to the outer beams extending in parallel to each other and forming the longitudinal beam members of the carrier frame.
  • the beams themselves are advantageously formed as a trusswork.
  • the outer flange or chord of such trusswork members may be curved in the individual sections of the framework, whereby the curvature corresponds to the outer longitudinal vaulting of the airship. Since the outer skin of the lift gas cells which are arranged in a row in the longitudinal direction also forms the outer envelope of the airship, and since a separate airship envelope outside the carrier construction is not provided at a spacing from the carrier gas cells, the entire airship volume is optimally utilized for containing the lift producing gas volume. It has been found that the gain in lift is about 6% compared to a conventional rigid airship of the same size or volume.
  • the carrier or lift gas cells contribute to the stiffening of the carrier frame due to the internal pressure inside these gas cells. Even if there should be a pressure loss, the airship retains its configuration and hence remains fully steerable by the control surfaces of the tail unit. Another advantage is seen in that due to the circular outer configuration of the carrier gas cells in the area of the base longitudinal carriers, the airship retains a circular cross-section and the conventional polygonal cross-sectional shape is avoided.
  • FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of an airship according to the invention, whereby the outer skin or envelope has been partially removed to reveal the frame structure according to the invention;
  • FIG. 2a is a side view onto the tail unit shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 2b is a sectional view along the section line D--D in FIG. 2A;
  • FIG. 2c shows a trusswork detail viewed in a direction perpendicularly and horizontally to the longitudinal axis of the airship
  • FIG. 2d is a sectional view perpendicularly to the longitudinal airship axis in a plane passing through the airship upstream of the propulsion engines;
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a perspective view of one longitudinal section of the carrier frame partially in section
  • FIG. 4a is a sectional view perpendicularly through the longitudinal airship axis
  • FIG. 4b is a sectional view along section line C--C in FIG. 4a;
  • FIG. 5a shows, on an enlarged scale, the detail in the circle Va in FIG. 4a;
  • FIG. 5b shows, on an enlarged scale, the detail Vb in FIG. 4b;
  • FIG. 6a shows a perspective view of a junction construction between tubular frame members
  • FIG. 6b shows a junction construction between truss-type frame members, whereby the view extends in the direction of the longitudinal airship axis;
  • FIG. 6c shows the junction construction of FIG. 6b, however in a plan view 6c-6c omitting the upwardly directed frame member of the triangular rib; of a longitudinal frame member
  • FIG. 7a shows a side view of a longitudinal frame member constructed as a truss member
  • FIG. 7b is a sectional view along section plane E--E in FIG. 7a;
  • FIG. 7c is a sectional view along section plane F--F in FIG. 7a;
  • FIG. 8a is a schematic side view of an airship according to the invention showing the normal position of the propulsion engines and the gondola;
  • FIG. 8b is a sectional view along section line A--A in FIG. 8a;
  • FIG. 8c is a view similar to that of FIG. 8a showing an emergency position of the gondola partly elastically recessed into the air space of the airship;
  • FIG. 8d is a sectional view along section line B--B in FIG. 8a showing the gondola in its normal position;
  • FIG. 8e is a view similar to FIG. 8d, but showing the gondola in its recessed emergency position;
  • FIG. 9a is a sectional view perpendicularly through the longitudinal airship axis to illustrate the mounting of an engine.
  • FIG. 9b is a sectional view along section line 9b-9b in FIG. 9a.
  • FIG. 1 The perspective view of FIG. 1 showing an airship according to the invention, illustrates the assembly of the entire rigid carrier frame using triangle ribs and longitudinal beams to form frame sections A.
  • the cross-ribs of the frame are constructed as triangular cross-beams having preferably the shape of an isosceles triangle.
  • Each triangular cross-beam has two equal sides and a base facing down.
  • the first cross-beam visible in FIG. 1 has two equal sides S11 and S12 and a base S13.
  • the axially spaced next triangle has two equal sides S21 and S22 and a base S23.
  • each frame section has a prismatic shape with three quadrangular surfaces, one of which faces downwardly forming the base of the carrier frame and the two other surfaces slant laterally downwardly to form the sloping side surfaces of the prism.
  • the base surface in a front section of the airship is, for example, bounded by the base beam member S13 and S23, and by the longitudinal beam members L1 and L3.
  • a lateral surface of the prism is, for example, bounded by the beam members S12 and S22, as well as L2 and L3.
  • the just mentioned plane quadrangular surfaces are the location of reinforcing tension wires or elements D extending diagonally from corner to corner.
  • These diagonal tension elements D may be flexible and can, for example, be formed by tension wires or cables cooperating with an adjusting mechanism, for example, a turnbuckle 8 forming a connector.
  • the double diagonal tensioning improves substantially the strength of the carrier frame and constitutes an advantageous developement compared to the above mentioned conventional triangular cross-ribs with their tips pointing down.
  • FIG. 1 how the longitudinal carrier frame is constructed with the longitudinal beam members L1, L2, L3 interconnecting the triangular ribs.
  • the base of the carrier frame formed by the longitudinal beam members L1, L3 are ideally suited for supporting components of the airship, such as the propulsion engines.
  • the control tail unit F and the suspension of the gondola G will be described in more detail below.
  • FIGS. 2a and 2b show a simplified illustration of the tail section of an airship according to the invention, whereby FIG. 2b is a sectional view along section line D--D in FIG. 2a.
  • the fins F1, F2, and F3 of the control tail unit are advantageously secured to the rear ends of the three longitudinal carrier beams L1, L2, and L3.
  • This three component tail unit with its fins F1, F2, and F3 has an inverted Y-configuration.
  • FIG. 2a shows a separate tail engine H including a jet deflector H1. By deflecting the jet more or less downwardly or, if necessary, also to one side or the other, more or less, an advantageous additional control of the airship is provided during hovering flight.
  • FIG. 2b also indicates two triangular cross-ribs Q as well as the external skin or envelope 1 of the airship having a circular cross-section.
  • FIG. 2c shows two neighboring cross-ribs or cross-beams with the respective cross-beam members S12 and S22 interconnected by longitudinal beam members L2 and L3 forming a rectangular configuration.
  • the location of the diagonal tensioning members D is evident from FIG. 2C showing that the tensioning members D are positioned in one lateral surface of each prism.
  • An engine T is mounted to the junction point formed by the beam members S12, L3, and L3'.
  • the double arrow AR indicates the tilting range of the engine T.
  • FIG. 2d shows a cross-rib comprising the above mentioned rib members S11 and S12 forming isoceles sides of the triangle and the rib or cross-beam member S13 forming the base.
  • the longitudinal beam members L1, L2, and L3 extend perpendicularly to the plane of the drawing.
  • a circle 1' indicates the outer skin on envelope 1 or envelope of the airship.
  • the skin 1 encloses the carrier gas cells 1'.
  • Two engines T1 and T2 are mounted to the junction points where the base member S13 of the triangle is joined to the longitudinal beam members L1 and L3. It is important for the construction of the cross-ribs as triangular beams, that the lateral beam members S11 and S12 are triangle sides of equal length. Moreover, the length of the base member S13 is less critical. However, it is advantageous for a symmetrical construction that all three beam members S11, S12 and S13 have the same length to form an equi-lateral triangle.
  • FIG. 3 shows one complete longitudinal section A in a perspective view as part of the carrier frame of the airship.
  • the first cross-rib comprises the cross-beam members S11, S12, and S13 and the second cross-beam comprises the beam members S21, S22, and S23.
  • the cross-beams extend in parallel to each other at a spacing determined by the longitudinal beam members L1, L2, and L3 extending in parallel to the central longitudinal axis of the airship while the triangular cross-beams extend perpendicularly to the longitudinal ship axis.
  • a lift gas cell 1' has an upper portion with a circular cross-section between the longitudinal beams L1 past the longitudinal beam L2 to the other lower longitudinal beam L3.
  • the skin of the lift gas cell 1' bears against the inner surfaces of the three longitudinal beam members. Outside the beam members, the skin of the gas cell 1' bulges outwardly to an extent corresponding approximately to the respective radial dimension of the beam members or even somewhat more so that the beam members L1, L2 are located in a ditch or groove formed by the skin of the gas cell around the beam members.
  • a downwardly facing section of the lift gas cell 1' between the longitudinal beam members L1 and L3 rests on the one hand on the diagonal tensioning members D in the surface defined by the beam members L1, L3, S13, and S23.
  • the gas cell may bulge downwardly with its lower skin section 2 as best seen in FIG. 3.
  • This lower wall section 2 separates the gas cell 1' from an air chamber K arranged in the lift downwardly facing belly portion of the airship below the carrier frame.
  • the air chamber K is enclosed by a skin section 3 forming part of the skin of the airship.
  • the remaining skin of the airship is formed by the skin 1 of the gas cells except where the cross-ribs and the longitudinal beam members are located which are covered by cover strips, edges or tape.
  • the edges 30 of the belly skin 3 are pulled up above the longitudinal beam members L1 and L3 to cover these beam members in a gas-tight manner.
  • a cover tape or strip 4 covers the groove or ditch in which the upper longitudinal beam member L2 is located.
  • the strip or tape 4 again must be connected in a gas-tight manner to the neighboring skin areas 1 of the gas cells 1'. Further details of the cover tape 4 will be described below.
  • One carrier gas cell 1' is arranged between neighboring cross-ribs. Specifically, one cell 1' is located between the cross-beam members S11, S12, and S13 on the one hand and the cross-beam members S21, S22, S23 on the other hand.
  • the next gas cell is located between the beam members S21, S22, and S23 on the one hand and the next following triangle in the frame structure.
  • two neighboring carrier gas cells are separated from each other by a triangular cross-beam, whereby the cross-beam is located in the space Z which communicates with the air chamber K.
  • the intermediate space Z is also covered in a gas-tight manner by tapes similar to the cover tape 4 and to the edges 30.
  • the circumferential tape may extend entirely around the airship so as to cover any seams between neighboring skin sections 3 which cover the airship's belly.
  • FIG. 4a shows a simplified cross-section passing through a triangular cross-beam, thus illustrating the location of the cross-beam members S11, S12, and S13, as well as the longitudinal beam members L1, L2, and L3, the dash-dotted lines in each of the cross-beam members S11, S12, and S13 indicate the position of the diagonal tensioning members D.
  • the upper portion of the gas-tight envelope 1 of the carrier gas cell 1' which is shown behind the triangular cross-beam forms a circular configuration as mentioned above.
  • the cross-section illustrates especially the bulging of the carrier gas cell skin around the longitudinal carrier beam members L1, L2, and L3.
  • the cover strip 4 is, for example, adhesively bonded to the skin 1 of the air cells as is shown in more detail in FIG. 5a showing, on an enlarged scale, that portion of FIG. 4a encircled by a dash-dotted line Va.
  • the above mentioned air chamber K is located below the base cross-beam member S13, and the downwardly facing wall 2 also bulges downwardly outside the base beam member S13 as indicated at 2.
  • the air filling in the air chamber K is indicated by dots.
  • FIG. 4b illustrates, on a somewhat enlarged scale compared to FIG. 4a, a sectional view along section line C--C in FIG. 4a to show the diagonal tensioning members D.
  • the downwardly facing skin 2 of the carrier or lift gas cells 1' form sacks 20 that bulge through the spaces between the tensioning members D facing downwardly, whereby these sacks penetrate into the air chamber K.
  • the cooperation of the carrier gas cells 1' with the air chambers K is conventional and hence will not be described in more detail in conjunction with the present invention.
  • the downwardly bulging sacks 20 will penetrate deeper into the air chamber K as shown by dash-dotted lines in FIG. 4b when there is a low air pressure in the chambers K.
  • FIG. 4b illustrates, on a somewhat enlarged scale compared to FIG. 4a, a sectional view along section line C--C in FIG. 4a to show the diagonal tensioning members D.
  • the downwardly facing skin 2 of the carrier or lift gas cells 1' form sacks 20 that bulg
  • FIG. 4b also illustrates the disk type intermediate spaces Z between two neighboring gas carrier or lift cells 1'.
  • the cross-beam members S11 and S21 are located in these intermediate spaces Z.
  • the lateral diagonal tensioning members penetrate through the walls, or rather through the skin of the carrier gas cells 1' as will be described in more detail below with reference to FIG. 5b. This penetration of the lateral diagonal tensioning members D through the skin 1 of the carrier or lift gas cell 1' is located near the connection of the carrier gas cell to the longitudinal beam members.
  • FIG. 5a shows on an enlarged scale the portion encircled by a dash-dotted line in FIG. 4a, whereby the cross-beam members S11 and S12 are shown cut-off and the longitudinal beam member L2 extends perpendicularly to the plane of the drawing.
  • the longitudinal carrier beam member L2 rests in the above mentioned ditch or groove 1" formed by a portion of the skin 1 of the carrier gas cell 1'.
  • the longitudinal carrier beam L2 is provided along its entire length at its upwardly facing side with mounting flanges 25 projecting to both sides of the beam L2.
  • the mounting flanges 25 in turn are secured to skin extension edges 40 of the airship skin 1 which may simultaneously be the outer skin of the carrier gas cells 1'.
  • Lashing elements 5 are interposed between the mounting flanges 25 and the skin edges 40 to tightly lash the skin edges 40 to the flanges 25.
  • a gas tight cover tape or strip 4 is secured in a gas-tight manner to the edges 40, for example by an adhesive 40'.
  • a gas-tight seam may be formed, for example, by sewing or welding or the like. Even a hook and loop (Velcro®) may be sufficiently gas-tight.
  • the cover tape or strip 4 covers the ditch or groove formed by the skin portion 1" including the skin edges 40 and the lashing elements 5.
  • FIG. 5b shows on an enlarged scale, portion Vb from FIG. 4b, whereby the longitudinal section of FIG.
  • a turnbuckle type connector 8 secures one end of the respective tensioning member D to a lug 8', whereby the tensioning member can be individually tensioned by turning the turnbuckle.
  • a gas-tight nipple type connector 7 forms a gas-tight inlet through the skin 1 of the respective carrier gas cell 1'.
  • the connector 7 may, for example, be formed as an elastic bellows that permits the sliding movement of the tensioning member D through the wall of the respective carrier lift gas cell 1'.
  • a further cover strip or tap 4' extends circumferentially around the airship for closing the gap formed between neighboring carrier gas cells 1' where the cross-ribs S11, S12, and S13 are located.
  • FIG. 6a illustrates in a simplified manner a junction coupling between two longitudinal beam sections La and Lb with each other and with two cross-beam members Sa and Sb, whereby all beam members are of tubular construction.
  • the frame members may also be of a truss construction to be described below.
  • a tubular coupling sleeve LS receives axially the two longitudinal beam members La and Lb.
  • the coupling sleeve LS has two radially and axially extending outer flanges LS1 and LS2.
  • the cross-beam member Sa is secured to the flange LS1.
  • the ends of the lateral tensioning members D1 and D2 are also connected to the flange LS1.
  • the horizontally extending base cross-beam member Sb is connected to the flange LS2.
  • the horizontally extending tensioning member D3 is connected to the flange LS2.
  • the fourth horizontal tensioning member is not visible in FIG. 6a, because it is behind the cross-beam member Sa.
  • FIG. 6b illustrates a view partially in section, onto a junction point between longitudinal and cross-frame members, each of which is made as a truss construction.
  • the outer cover tape or strip 30 which covers the longitudinal beam member L1 is shown as a dashed line merging onto the outer skin of the carrier gas cell 1', whereby the connection at 40' may be the same as described above with reference to FIG. 5a.
  • Each of the carrier beams has a pointed end that merges into the junction point as shown in FIG. 6b.
  • FIG. 6c shows a view in the direction of the section plane 6c-6c in FIG. 6b.
  • the diagonal tensioning members D are again connected to the junction point through a turnbuckle 8, for example, and through the gas-tight connector 7 passing through the skin 1 of the respective carrier or lift gas cell 1'.
  • FIG. 7a illustrates a truss construction for a longitudinal beam member L.
  • Each longitudinal truss member is constructed in accordance with the flow dynamic requirements.
  • the radially inner flange 9a of the truss is straight, while the radially outer flange 9b of the truss is curved so that it conforms to the respective outer curvature of the airship at the particular location within the airship body where the longitudinal beam member is used.
  • FIGS. 7b and 7c show that along its length the longitudinal beam member L1 has different radial heights H1, H2.
  • FIG. 8a shows a schematic side view of an airship according to the invention having, for example, a nose tip NT and nine longitudinal frame sections A separated by eight cross-beams or cross-ribs Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4 and so forth.
  • a longitudinal section A is defined between two neighboring cross-beams or ribs. Due to the described arrangement of the diagonal tensioning elements D in combination with the triangular cross-ribs and the longitudinal beam members at the three corners of the triangle, the invention achieves a high strength frame structure to which the tail unit with its fins F is secured as will be described in more detail below.
  • a tail propulsion engine H is secured to the very end of the tail for steering purposes by means of a thrust vector produced by a jet of the engine H.
  • a gondola G is suspended by truss members or cables 15, 16 secured to the cross-beams or ribs Q1 to Q4.
  • the suspension of the gondola G may, for example, comprise damping members such as piston cylinder devices or the like indicated at 17 in FIG. 8d.
  • FIG. 8b also shows the connection of the two engines T to the frame structure at a junction point between the cross-rib Q4 and the respective longitudinal beam members.
  • Anchoring devices such as hooks and eyelets not shown may also be connected to the carrier frame structure for securing the airship on the ground.
  • FIG. 8a shows the gondola G in its normal position while FIG. 8c shows the gondola after a hard landing, whereby the gondola G has moved elastically into the space of the air chambers K.
  • This elastically recessed position of the gondola G in the air chamber K is also illustrated in FIG. 8e.
  • This feature of the invention greatly reduces damages to the gondola and injury to persons.
  • the air chamber can be subdivided in any suitable manner to form a plurality of individual air chambers, but a single air chamber extending along the entire length of the airship may be practical.
  • a plurality of air chambers for example, corresponding to the number of carrier or lift gas cells or a smaller number of air chambers may be suitable.
  • one air chamber can be arranged below two carrier or lift gas cells.
  • each air chamber will be provided with a venting valve V as shown in FIG. 8a.
  • the venting valve V is an excess pressure responsive valve and controls the air pressure within its air chamber K in accordance with operational requirements.
  • the front section of the airship including the cross-ribs Q1 to Q4 has a common air chamber K and that the rear section of the airship has a separate second air chamber.
  • the front air chamber is equipped with its own ventilator or venting valve V' while the rear section is provided with the ventilator or valve V. It is possible that instead of the venting valves an air pressure device could be used for assuring the required excess pressure in the air chambers.
  • FIGS. 9a and 9b show details of the mounting for an engine T to a junction point formed between the members S of the cross-rib and the longitudinal beam sections L.
  • a pilon 18 is secured at one end to the junction point and through a tiltable bearing 19 at the other end to a carrier member CM connecting to the housing of the engine T which may, for example, be a turbine driven propeller engine.
  • the tilting bearing 19 it is possible to change the orientation of the longitudinal engine axis EA relative to the longitudinal central axis of the airship so that the engine jet is directed somewhat downwardly, please also see the tilting arrow AR in FIG. 2c.
  • FIG. 9b shows a sectional view approximately along section plane 9b-9b in FIG. 9a, whereby the propeller P is tilted in a position for forward movement.
  • the propeller circle P' is seen in FIG. 9a.

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US07/712,269 1990-06-12 1991-06-07 Rigid airship having ribs and long beams forming a carrier frame Expired - Lifetime US5110070A (en)

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DE4018749A DE4018749A1 (de) 1990-06-12 1990-06-12 Luftschiff mit einem aus spanten und laengstraegern bestehenden traggeruest
DE4018749 1990-06-12

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US5516065A (en) * 1993-06-08 1996-05-14 Luftschiffbau Zeppelin Gmbh Landing and anchoring mechanism for an airship
GB2300010A (en) * 1995-04-05 1996-10-23 Zeppelin Luftschiffbau Framework for e.g. airships
US5823468A (en) * 1995-10-24 1998-10-20 Bothe; Hans-Jurgen Hybrid aircraft
US6328257B1 (en) * 1997-01-16 2001-12-11 SCHäFER FRITZ PETER Cruise airship with an anchoring device and a helium tempering device
US6648272B1 (en) * 2001-06-28 2003-11-18 Keith L. Kothmann Airship
US20040075021A1 (en) * 2002-08-30 2004-04-22 Drucker Ernest Robert Airship and berthing port
US20060060695A1 (en) * 2004-06-21 2006-03-23 Walden Michael K Mass transfer system for stabilizing an airship and other vehicles subject to pitch and roll moments
US20060065777A1 (en) * 2004-09-27 2006-03-30 Walden Michael K Systems for actively controlling the aerostatic lift of an airship
US20070069076A1 (en) * 2005-09-21 2007-03-29 Heaven George H Jr Airship having a central fairing to act as a stall strip and to reduce lift
US20100270424A1 (en) * 2009-04-24 2010-10-28 Delaurier James D Hybrid airship
US20120136630A1 (en) * 2011-02-04 2012-05-31 General Electric Company Method and system for wind turbine inspection
US9266597B1 (en) * 2011-08-01 2016-02-23 Worldwide Aeros Corporation Aerostructure for rigid body airship
CN107839867A (zh) * 2017-12-08 2018-03-27 国网辽宁省电力有限公司丹东供电公司 Jf‑2型输电巡线飞艇尾翼
WO2019079096A1 (en) * 2017-10-16 2019-04-25 LTA Research and Exploration, LLC METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR CONSTRUCTING DIRECTORS
CN109969373A (zh) * 2019-04-08 2019-07-05 上海交通大学 一种压杆接触型张拉整体结构与集成及张力施加方法
FR3104131A1 (fr) 2019-12-06 2021-06-11 Airbus Helicopters Aéronef muni d’une enveloppe remplie d’un gaz plus léger que l’air.
CN114572375A (zh) * 2022-03-11 2022-06-03 中国特种飞行器研究所 一种硬式飞艇骨架加筋环连接接头
US11492092B2 (en) * 2016-05-31 2022-11-08 Hybrid-Airplane Technologies Gmbh Aircraft having supporting structure and gas-filled envelope
US20230141407A1 (en) * 2020-04-22 2023-05-11 Jan Willem van Egmond Low-density structured materials and methods of making and using same

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FR2675462A1 (fr) * 1991-04-18 1992-10-23 Zeppelin Luftschiffbau Dirigeable dont l'enveloppe entourant les chambres a air est montee sur un chassis porteur forme d'une serie de couples transversaux et de poutres longitudinales.
DE4233768C2 (de) * 1991-04-18 2000-06-08 Zeppelin Luftschiffbau Luftschiff mit einem aus einer Reihe von Querspanten und Längsträgern bestehenden Traggerüst
DE4218240C2 (de) * 1992-06-03 2001-06-07 Gelhard Theresia Luftschiff für den Güter- und Personentransport
DE4218239C2 (de) * 1992-06-03 1994-04-28 Novatech Gmbh Luftschiff für den Güter- und Personentransport
WO1993024364A2 (de) * 1992-06-03 1993-12-09 Novatech Gmbh Luftschiff für den güter- und personentransport
DE20107956U1 (de) * 2001-05-11 2002-03-07 Ott, Johannes, 85232 Bergkirchen Luftschiff mit aerostatischem Auftriebskörper
FR2986500B1 (fr) * 2012-02-02 2014-09-19 Eads Europ Aeronautic Defence Ensemble structural ferme a tenue a la compression amelioree
RU2518381C1 (ru) * 2013-02-01 2014-06-10 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью ОКБ "АТЛАНТ" Дирижабль жесткой конструкции
RU2559195C1 (ru) * 2014-02-14 2015-08-10 Российская Федерация, От Имени Которой Выступает Министерство Промышленности И Торговли Российской Федерации Несущая конструкции полужесткого дирижабля или вертостата
DE202018003924U1 (de) 2018-08-24 2018-09-10 Werkstoff Tt Gmbh Lenkbares Starrluftschiff
FR3123096B1 (fr) * 2021-05-20 2023-07-14 Epsilon Composite Assemblage de tubes diagonaux sur un tube principal d’une poutre treillis en matériau composite

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GB123604A (en) * 1918-03-05 1919-03-05 Priors Aerial Patents Ltd Improvements in or relating to the Heels of Airships or the like.
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DE520664C (de) * 1930-01-30 1931-03-13 Luftschiffbau Zeppelin G M B H Raeumlicher Fachwerktraeger fuer Leichtbau, insbesondere Luftfahrzeugbau
DE610976C (de) * 1932-05-12 1935-03-20 Luftschiffbau Zeppelin G M B H Traeger, insbesondere fuer Luftschiffe
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Cited By (35)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5516065A (en) * 1993-06-08 1996-05-14 Luftschiffbau Zeppelin Gmbh Landing and anchoring mechanism for an airship
GB2300010A (en) * 1995-04-05 1996-10-23 Zeppelin Luftschiffbau Framework for e.g. airships
GB2300010B (en) * 1995-04-05 1998-10-07 Zeppelin Luftschiffbau Support for an airship
US6056240A (en) * 1995-04-05 2000-05-02 Luftschiffbau Gmbh Support for an airship
US5823468A (en) * 1995-10-24 1998-10-20 Bothe; Hans-Jurgen Hybrid aircraft
US6328257B1 (en) * 1997-01-16 2001-12-11 SCHäFER FRITZ PETER Cruise airship with an anchoring device and a helium tempering device
US6648272B1 (en) * 2001-06-28 2003-11-18 Keith L. Kothmann Airship
US6766982B2 (en) 2002-08-30 2004-07-27 Ernest Robert Drucker Airship and berthing port
US20040075021A1 (en) * 2002-08-30 2004-04-22 Drucker Ernest Robert Airship and berthing port
US20060060695A1 (en) * 2004-06-21 2006-03-23 Walden Michael K Mass transfer system for stabilizing an airship and other vehicles subject to pitch and roll moments
US7185848B2 (en) 2004-06-21 2007-03-06 Ltas Holdings, Llc Mass transfer system for stabilizing an airship and other vehicles subject to pitch and roll moments
US7878449B2 (en) 2004-06-21 2011-02-01 Ltas Holdings, Llc Mass transfer system for stabilizing an airship and other vehicles subject to pitch and roll moments
US7350749B2 (en) 2004-06-21 2008-04-01 Ltas Holdings, Llc Mass transfer system for stabilizing an airship and other vehicles subject to pitch and roll moments
US20080164370A1 (en) * 2004-06-21 2008-07-10 Ltas Holdings Llc Mass transfer system for stabilizing an airship and other vehicles subject to pitch and roll moments
US20060065777A1 (en) * 2004-09-27 2006-03-30 Walden Michael K Systems for actively controlling the aerostatic lift of an airship
US7156342B2 (en) 2004-09-27 2007-01-02 Ltas Holdings, Llc Systems for actively controlling the aerostatic lift of an airship
US7490794B2 (en) 2005-09-21 2009-02-17 Ltas Holdings, Llc Airship having a central fairing to act as a stall strip and to reduce lift
US20070069076A1 (en) * 2005-09-21 2007-03-29 Heaven George H Jr Airship having a central fairing to act as a stall strip and to reduce lift
US20100270424A1 (en) * 2009-04-24 2010-10-28 Delaurier James D Hybrid airship
US20120136630A1 (en) * 2011-02-04 2012-05-31 General Electric Company Method and system for wind turbine inspection
US9266597B1 (en) * 2011-08-01 2016-02-23 Worldwide Aeros Corporation Aerostructure for rigid body airship
US11492092B2 (en) * 2016-05-31 2022-11-08 Hybrid-Airplane Technologies Gmbh Aircraft having supporting structure and gas-filled envelope
CN111601754B (zh) * 2017-10-16 2022-01-07 Lta研究勘探有限责任公司 飞艇结构
WO2019079096A1 (en) * 2017-10-16 2019-04-25 LTA Research and Exploration, LLC METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR CONSTRUCTING DIRECTORS
US11618543B2 (en) 2017-10-16 2023-04-04 LTA Research and Exploration, LLC Apparatuses for constructing airships
CN111601754A (zh) * 2017-10-16 2020-08-28 Lta研究勘探有限责任公司 用于构造飞艇的方法和设备
US10988226B2 (en) * 2017-10-16 2021-04-27 LTA Research and Exploration, LLC Methods and apparatus for constructing airships
CN107839867A (zh) * 2017-12-08 2018-03-27 国网辽宁省电力有限公司丹东供电公司 Jf‑2型输电巡线飞艇尾翼
CN109969373B (zh) * 2019-04-08 2022-05-24 上海交通大学 一种压杆接触型张拉整体结构与集成及张力施加方法
CN109969373A (zh) * 2019-04-08 2019-07-05 上海交通大学 一种压杆接触型张拉整体结构与集成及张力施加方法
FR3104131A1 (fr) 2019-12-06 2021-06-11 Airbus Helicopters Aéronef muni d’une enveloppe remplie d’un gaz plus léger que l’air.
US20230141407A1 (en) * 2020-04-22 2023-05-11 Jan Willem van Egmond Low-density structured materials and methods of making and using same
US12091150B2 (en) * 2020-04-22 2024-09-17 Jan Willem van Egmond Low-density structured materials and methods of making and using same
CN114572375A (zh) * 2022-03-11 2022-06-03 中国特种飞行器研究所 一种硬式飞艇骨架加筋环连接接头
CN114572375B (zh) * 2022-03-11 2024-04-09 中国特种飞行器研究所 一种硬式飞艇骨架加筋环连接接头

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Publication number Publication date
DE4018749C2 (zh) 1992-06-04
UA12992A1 (uk) 1997-02-28
ITTO910443A0 (it) 1991-06-11
DE4018749A1 (de) 1991-12-19
JPH0656090A (ja) 1994-03-01
ITTO910443A1 (it) 1992-12-11
GB9111237D0 (en) 1991-07-17
FR2662995A1 (fr) 1991-12-13
GB2245241B (en) 1993-11-03
GB2245241A (en) 1992-01-02
JP2592551B2 (ja) 1997-03-19
RU2005646C1 (ru) 1994-01-15
IT1249909B (it) 1995-03-30
FR2662995B1 (fr) 1993-07-09

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