US4963412A - Sheet material for vehicle safety air bags - Google Patents

Sheet material for vehicle safety air bags Download PDF

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Publication number
US4963412A
US4963412A US07/365,689 US36568989A US4963412A US 4963412 A US4963412 A US 4963412A US 36568989 A US36568989 A US 36568989A US 4963412 A US4963412 A US 4963412A
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Prior art keywords
films
holes
sheet material
film
perforated
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US07/365,689
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English (en)
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Akira Kokeguchi
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Takata Corp
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Takata Corp
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
    • B32B3/26—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer
    • B32B3/266—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer characterised by an apertured layer, the apertures going through the whole thickness of the layer, e.g. expanded metal, perforated layer, slit layer regular cells B32B3/12
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/02—Occupant safety arrangements or fittings, e.g. crash pads
    • B60R21/16—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/02—Occupant safety arrangements or fittings, e.g. crash pads
    • B60R21/16—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags
    • B60R21/23—Inflatable members
    • B60R21/235—Inflatable members characterised by their material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/24—All layers being polymeric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2305/00—Condition, form or state of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2305/02—Cellular or porous
    • B32B2305/028—Hollow fillers; Syntactic material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2605/00—Vehicles
    • B32B2605/003—Interior finishings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2605/00—Vehicles
    • B32B2605/08—Cars
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/02—Occupant safety arrangements or fittings, e.g. crash pads
    • B60R21/16—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags
    • B60R21/23—Inflatable members
    • B60R21/235—Inflatable members characterised by their material
    • B60R2021/23504—Inflatable members characterised by their material characterised by material
    • B60R2021/23523—Composite
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/02—Occupant safety arrangements or fittings, e.g. crash pads
    • B60R21/16—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags
    • B60R21/23—Inflatable members
    • B60R21/235—Inflatable members characterised by their material
    • B60R2021/23533—Inflatable members characterised by their material characterised by the manufacturing process
    • B60R2021/23557—Molding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/02—Occupant safety arrangements or fittings, e.g. crash pads
    • B60R21/16—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags
    • B60R21/23—Inflatable members
    • B60R21/235—Inflatable members characterised by their material
    • B60R2021/23571—Inflatable members characterised by their material characterised by connections between panels
    • B60R2021/2359—Welding
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24273—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including aperture
    • Y10T428/24322—Composite web or sheet
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24273—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including aperture
    • Y10T428/24322—Composite web or sheet
    • Y10T428/24331—Composite web or sheet including nonapertured component
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24273—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including aperture
    • Y10T428/24322—Composite web or sheet
    • Y10T428/24331—Composite web or sheet including nonapertured component
    • Y10T428/24339—Keyed
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24273—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including aperture
    • Y10T428/24322—Composite web or sheet
    • Y10T428/24331—Composite web or sheet including nonapertured component
    • Y10T428/24339—Keyed
    • Y10T428/24347—From both sides
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24802—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24826—Spot bonds connect components
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31551—Of polyamidoester [polyurethane, polyisocyanate, polycarbamate, etc.]
    • Y10T428/31565—Next to polyester [polyethylene terephthalate, etc.]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to sheet material for vehicle safety air bags and, in particular, to sheet material composed of several perforated polymeric films joined by an adhesive to form a laminate.
  • Air bags are increasingly being installed in motor vehicles and have proven to reduce greatly the risk of injury and death to the protected vehicle occupants.
  • the technology of air bags has been the subject of extensive research over many years.
  • One aspect of that research has involved the material of the air bag.
  • the air bags in current use are usually made of a coated woven fabric.
  • the fabric provides the strength required to endure the large forces exerted on the material upon inflation and upon impact by the vehicle occupant.
  • the coating is present to seal the fabric against gas leakage.
  • the manufacture of the air bag involves sewing two pieces of the fabric material together and also sewing reinforcement and inflation control elements onto the basic bag or envelope.
  • Coated fabric air bags have three disadvantages. One is that the coated fabric is relatively thick, usually about 400 micrometers. Accordingly, the enclosure in the vehicle into which the air bag is folded in readiness for deployment is of a relatively large size. A second disadvantage is the complexity of the manufacturing process, which makes the air bag expensive to make. A third disadvantage is that the air bag is opaque, so the driver cannot see ahead when the bag is deployed.
  • polymeric film An obvious candidate for the bag material, of course, is a polymeric film.
  • Thermoplastic polymeric films can be vacuum-formed to give the air bag a desired shape and can be fusion-bonded, which is a more economical manufacturing technique than sewing.
  • Many suitable polymeric films are transparent, so the driver's view ahead would be preserved.
  • a polymeric film air bag would overcome the above-mentioned disadvantages.
  • polymeric films especially uniaxially and biaxially stretched films, have sufficient tensile and rupture strengths for air bags, but they do not have adequate notch tear strength (resistance to tearing at a notch).
  • polymeric films, especially stretched polymeric films have good edge tear strength (resistance to tearing at an edge with no notch). Because of an insufficient notch tear strength, ordinary polymeric films (unstretched or stretched) are not satisfactory for air bags.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an air bag material that can be produced efficiently and economically, has excellent mechanical properties, is thin and occupies less volume when folded and is transparent.
  • sheet material for use in vehicle safety air bags comprising a multiplicity of perforated films of polymeric material having holes, the perforated films being superposed on each other such that the holes in adjacent films do not substantially overlap, and adhesive filling the holes of all of the perforated films other than the outermost ones and uniting them into a laminate.
  • sheet material according to the invention may include a non-perforated film adhered to an outermost perforated film and an adhesive filling the perforations of the outermost film to unite it to the laminate.
  • the perforated films have curved edges throughout free of corners.
  • the maximum dimension of the holes in any direction is preferably about 20 mm, and the minimum dimension of the holes in any direction is about 5 mm.
  • the total area of the holes in each perforated film should not exceed about 50% of the total area of the film and is desirably from about 25% to about 45% of the total area of the film.
  • the sheet material may have a total thickness of up to about 300 micrometers, say in the range of from about 250 micrometers to about 300 micrometers.
  • FIG. 1 is a plan view of a first embodiment
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the first embodiment, taken along the lines II--II of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a fragmentary cross-sectional view of the first embodiment on enlarged scale, as indicated by the circle III of FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a diagrammatic plan view of one form of hole in a perforated film for the sheet material
  • FIG. 5 is a diagrammatic plan view of another form of hole in a film of the sheet material
  • FIGS. 6 to 11 comprises a plan view (A) and a cross-sectional view (B) of the laminated material and two or more plan views (C, D, etc.) of the individual films of further embodiments of the invention;
  • FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment in which the outermost films of the laminated sheet material are non-perforated film;
  • FIGS. 13 to 15 are cross-sectional views in representational form illustrating the effect of including an imperforate film as the innermost element of the air bag sheet material;
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic view of apparatus for making the sheet material.
  • FIG. 17 is a projected diagrammatic view of an adhesive applicator roller of the apparatus of FIG. 16.
  • FIGS. 1 to 3 which is intended to be representative of all embodiments of the invention, is a sheet material 1 composed of several perforated polymeric films 3.
  • Each film 3 e.g., each of the four films 3a, 3b, 3c and 3d, FIGS. 2 and 3) has holes 2.
  • the films 3 are placed one over the other and are joined by an adhesive to form a laminate.
  • the holes 2 in each film 3 are arranged relative to each other, and the films 3 are positioned relative to each other, such that the holes in adjacent films do not overlap to any great extent.
  • the adhesive 4 that joins the films 3 fills the holes 2 of all the films other than the outermost ones. If desired, the adhesive 4 may also fill the holes of the outermost films of the sheet 1. In particular, as shown in FIG.
  • adhesive 4b fills the holes 2b in the sheet 3b
  • adhesive 4c fills the holes 2c in the sheet 3c.
  • the adhesive 4b bonds the films 3a and 3c to each other, thus capturing the film 3b in a sub-laminate of films 3a, 3b and 3c.
  • the adhesive 4c in the holes 2c bonds the films 3b and 3d and forms a sub-laminate of films 3b, 3c and 3d.
  • the material of the films used in the invention is not especially limited, and transparent films such as Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET), Polyethylene (PE), Polypropylene (PP), Polystyrene (PS), and Polypropylene Sulfide (PPS) may be used. Of these materials, PET is the most desirable from the standpoint of its mechanical properties.
  • PET is the most desirable from the standpoint of its mechanical properties.
  • the materials of the films of the sheet material also do not have to be the same; films of different materials may be laminated to make the air bag sheet material.
  • the films may be non-stretched, uniaxially stretched or biaxially stretched. It is, however, desirable to use stretched films, because they have higher tensile and rupture strengths and edge tear resistance. Also, when uniaxially and biaxially stretched films are compared to each other, it is desirable to use the biaxially stretched films in the invention, because they have better mechanical properties, other than edge tear resistance. It is advantageous to combine uniaxially and biaxially stretched films inasmuch as the former has a higher resistance to edge-tearing (a high edge tear strength). With a combination, the biaxially stretched film provides high tensile strength and the uniaxially stretched film provides edge tear resistance.
  • the holes There are no special limitations on the shapes of the holes, except that it is important that the holes have entirely curved edges, such as circles, ovals, or ellipses, and have no corners or angles.
  • a circular hole 2A is desirable, as the stress will be uniformly distributed, as shown in FIG. 4.
  • holes of oval shape or oblong holes 2B with straight parallel side edges and semi-circular end edges, as shown in FIG. 5 good results may be obtained in some cases.
  • the resistance to edge tearing at the edge of the holes from the crack 5 is almost equal to the edge tear strength on the straight line 2b, and the resistance to edge tearing is extremely high.
  • the against tearing can be improved.
  • An overall balance of strength against edge tearing at the edges of the holes can be attained by using films in which half the holes are oriented with their longer axes perpendicular to the axes of the remaining holes. Also, films with all of their holes oriented in the same direction can be laminated so that half the films have their holes oriented perpendicular to the holes of the other half of the films.
  • a circular hole 2A As shown in FIG. 4, the arc approximates a straight line and the edge tear strength approaches the edge tear strength at the point 2a opposite a tear or crack 5 as the hole diameter D gets larger. If the hole diameter is excessively large, however, the tensile strength and the resistance to tearing of the film as a whole becomes smaller. It is, therefore, desirable to have a hole diameter D of about 10 to 20 mm. In the case of the oblong hole 2B shown in FIG. 5, a longer dimension D1 of about 10 to 20 mm and a shorter dimension D2 of about 5 to 10 mm are desirable.
  • the holes in each film, and the holes in the several films of the sheet material need not be of the same size, and large and small holes may be combined in each film or in the several films.
  • a higher open area ratio will result in reduced tensile and rupture strength. Such strength may be regained to some extent by laminating and adhering films in various ways, but it will be difficult to compensate by so doing if the open area ratio is extremely large. Less than 50% of open area, normally 25% to 45% of open area, is desirable. (The percentages are expressed as the percentage of the total area of the film that the holes take up, i.e., the area of the holes divided by the total area of the film times 100).
  • the hole pitch is a function of the hole size and shape and the desired open area. Normally, a hole pitch of 10 to 30 mm is desirable.
  • Film thickness is determined with a view to the ease of folding the material when it is made into an air bag. It is, therefore, dependent as a rule on the bending strength (or bending elasticity) of the film. A film of higher bending strength may be made thinner to achieve higher flexibility and foldability. On the other hand, a film of low bending strength may be made thicker, but the film thickness should be less than 50 micrometers normally. When using PET as the film material, the film should be less than 25 micrometers thick, as PET has a very high bending strength. If it is made thicker than that, it will have a high resistance to being folded. In case of PET film, a thickness of 12 to 25 micrometer is desirable.
  • the number of films in the sheet material is determined according to hole arrangement, open area, and film thickness. It is, however, desirable to limit the thickness of the laminated sheet to less than 300 micrometers, because the advantages of making the air bag thinner may not be obtained if the sheet is too thick. A sufficient strength may not be obtained if the number of films is small and the sheet is not thick enough. Therefore, the number of films should be determined so that the sheet will be about 250 to 300 micrometers thick.
  • the films are designated by the numeral 3 followed by a letter and a number that relate the particular film, as shown in one of the plan views of the films (Figs. C, D, E, etc.), to the cross-sectional view. Films identified by the same letter are the same, and the numeral in that case designates a different position of the film in the laminated sheet -- i.e., the registration of the film. A capital roman numeral and an arabic numeral designate edges of the films that register in the laminated sheet material. For clarity, the adhesive in the holes of the films is not shown, but it is apparent that the unshaded areas in Figs. B contain adhesive. As mentioned above, the holes of the outermost films of the laminated sheets need not be filled with adhesive.
  • the films 3C have the relatively small circular holes 2C (for instance, diameter: 10 to 12 mm, open area: 39.3%) arranged in a zig-zag or staggered fashion and are laminated so that the holes in adjacent layers do not overlap.
  • the film 3C 1 of the hole arrangement as shown in FIG. 6C and the films 3C 2 as shown in FIG. 6D are laminated in the order of 3C 1 , 3C 2 , 3C 1 , 3C 2 , 3C 1 , 3C 2 , 3C 1 . . . (ten films in this embodiment) so that the edge Il registers with the edge I 2 and the edge II 1 registers with II 2
  • films 3D with relatively large circular holes 2D (for instance, diameter: 18 to 20 mm, open area: 39.3%) arranged in staggered relation are laminated so that the holes in the fifth film will be on the same position as those on the first film.
  • the films 3D 1 through 3D 4 are laminated in the order of 3D 1 , 3D 2 , 3D 3 , 3D 4 , 3D 1 , 3D 2 , 3D 3 , 3D 4 . . . (12 films in this embodiment) and so that the edges III 1 , III 2 , III 3 , and III 4 register and the edges IV 1 , IV 2 , IV 3 , and IV 4 register.
  • films 3E with oblong holes 2E arranged in staggered relation are laminated with the holes oriented in alternate directions so that the long dimensions of the holes in adjacent films are perpendicular to each other.
  • 8C through 8J are laminated in the order of 3E 1 , 3E 2 , 3E 3 , 3E 4 , 3E 5 , 3E 6 , 3E 7 , and 3E 8 so that the edges V 1 , V 2 , V 3 , V 4 , V 5 , V 6 , V 7 , and V 8 register and the edges VI 1 , VI 2 , VI 3 , VI 4 , VI 5 , VI 6 , VI 7 , and VI 8 register.
  • films 3F with small circular holes 2G and films 3G with large circular holes 2G are combined in the order of 3F 1 , 3G 2 , 3G 3 , 3G 4 , 3G 5 , 3G 6 , 3G 7 and 3F 8 so that the edges VII 1 , VII 2 , VII 3 , VII 4 , VII 5 , VII 6 , VII 7 , and VII 8 register and the edges VIII 1 , VIII 2 , VIII 3 , VIII 4 , VIII 5 , VIII 6 , VIII 7 , and VIII 8 register.
  • films 3C with small circular holes 2C are laminated in the order of 3C 1 , 3E 1 , 3E 2 , 3E 3 , 3E 4 , 3E 5 , 3E 6 , 3E 7 , 3E 8 , and 3C 2 (ten films) so that the eges I 1 , V 1 , V 2 , V 3 , V 4 , V 5 , V 6 , V 7 , V 8 , and I 1 register and the edges II 1 , VI 1 , VI 2 , VI 3 , VI 4 , VI 5 , VI 6 , VI 7 , VI 8 , and II 2 register.
  • films 3H with small circular holes 2H arranged at relatively large pitch distances and with a low open area percentage are laminated in the order of 3H 1 , 3H 2 , 3H 3 , 3H 1 , 3H 2 , 3H 3 . . . (nine films) so that the edges IX 1 , IX 2 , and IX 3 register and the edges X 1 , X 2 , and X 3 register.
  • the adhesive used to adhere the perforated polymeric films is required to be flexible and transparent and to have a high strength, especially against peeling and delamination, and to have a high heat resistance characteristic (over 125° C.). Therefore, an adhesive will be selected taking into consideration such factors as the adhesion properties in relation to the polymeric film to be used.
  • synthetic resins of nitrile rubber, polyester, cyanoacrylate, acrylate, epoxy, polyolefin, urethane rubber and neoprenephenolic are desirable. Of these, adhesives of urethan rubber, epoxy, polyester and nitrile rubber are especially desirable.
  • adhesives of silicon rubber are desirable, as they are excellent in flexibility and heat-resistance properties, though their adhesion strength is limited.
  • the adhesive fills the holes in the films, and the films are adhered to each other so that the holes are positioned without overlapping of the holes in adjacent films to any great extent.
  • the film 3b is adhered to the films 3a and 3c with the adhesive 4b that fills the holes 2b in the film 3b.
  • the film 3c is adhered to the films 3b and 3d with the adhesive 4c that fills the holes 2c in the film 3c. It is, therefore, not necessary to fill the holes on the outermost films of the laminated sheet (the films 3a and 3d in the example shown in FIG. 3) with an adhesive, but it is possible, on the other hand, to fill the adhesive in the holes on the outermost films.
  • the holes in the polymeric films may be positioned in the air bag material in partially overlapped relation, but the holes in the films have to be positioned, of course, so that there will be no holes completely through the sheet material.
  • At least one of the two outermost films of the sheet material may be non-perforated.
  • a sheet material 1A is made by laminating non-perforted films 6a and 6b on each side of the perforated plastic films 3a, 3b, 3c and 3d.
  • the non-perforated films 6a and 6b improve the tensile and rupture strength of sheet material. As shown in FIG.
  • a non-perforated film at least on the internal surface of the air bag. If a non-perforated film is also provided on the external surface of the air bag, in addition to distributing the internal pressure, contact of the adhesive with the air (oxygen) and deterioration of the adhesive over time will be prevented, thus to improve the durability of the air bag.
  • the thickness of the non-perforated film there are no special limitations on the thickness of the non-perforated film, and the thickness will be determined within the parameters suitable to the air bag sheet material stated above, with attention to such factors as strength. Generally, the thickness of non-perforated films may be 12 to 25 micrometers.
  • the non-perforated film may be of the same material as the porous perforated polymeric films of the sheet.
  • a laminated sheet of eight to ten PET films of 12 to 25 micrometers thickness with an open area of about 25% to 45% and the holes arranged as shown in FIGS. 6, 8 and 10, and of a PET non-porous film of 12 to 25 micrometers thick on at least the inner side is most desirable for an air bag.
  • An air bag can be produced extremely easily from the air bag sheet material by vacuum-forming two members of the sheet material to provide two generally hemispherical parts of the air bag and joining them together along their perimeters by fusion-welding, such as by ultraviolet light irradiation fusion-welding.
  • An air bag need not be made entirely of the sheet material of the present invention, but can have its base portion (the portion adjacent the gas generator, to which the air bag is attached) made of conventional coated cloth.
  • the holes in the polymeric films impart a high resistance to rupture of the material by tearing.
  • the films have high tensile, rupture and edge tearing strengths.
  • a non-perforated film on one or both surfaces of the laminated sheet further enhances the mechanical strength and durability of the sheet material. It is, therefore, possible to make an air bag that is thinner, and the volume and weight of the air bag in folded condition will be significantly less than those of conventional air bags.
  • the production process for making the air bag can be considerably simplified.
  • the air bag can be made transparent to expand the field of vision of the driver.
  • Thickness 25 micrometer
  • Thickness 25 micrometer
  • Thickness 400 micrometer
  • Thickness 25 micrometer
  • Thickness 25 micrometer
  • Thickness 25 micrometer
  • test sample was attached to the holders and pulled at a rate of about 200 mm per minute.
  • the tensile load at rupture was measured.
  • a holding distance of 76.2 mm and a pulling rate of 300+20 mm/min were used.
  • the film was folded so that its surface was in contact with the V-groove, the sheet was pulled at the rate of about 200 mm/min. The average and lowest values of the force when tearing occurred were measured.
  • the perforated films used in the invention have excellent mechanical strength properties, and their tear resistance is considerably higher when compared with the non-perforated films (Comparison Examples 2 through 4).
  • the air bag sheet material of the invention has a very good tear resistance in addition to the good tensile, rupture and edge tear strengths. As a result, even relatively thin sheet material has excellent mechanical strength. It is possible to improve strength by increasing the number of films in the laminated sheet material without excessively increasing the total thickness.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
US07/365,689 1988-06-17 1989-06-14 Sheet material for vehicle safety air bags Expired - Lifetime US4963412A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP63148072A JPH01317847A (ja) 1988-06-17 1988-06-17 エアバック用シート及びエアバッグ
JP63-148072 1988-06-17

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US4963412A true US4963412A (en) 1990-10-16

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US07/365,689 Expired - Lifetime US4963412A (en) 1988-06-17 1989-06-14 Sheet material for vehicle safety air bags

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US4963412A (ko)
JP (1) JPH01317847A (ko)
KR (1) KR900000246A (ko)
DE (2) DE8907391U1 (ko)
FR (1) FR2632895B1 (ko)
GB (1) GB2221650B (ko)

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US5011183A (en) * 1990-06-08 1991-04-30 Stern & Stern Industries, Inc. Bag, airbag, and method of making the same
US5018761A (en) * 1989-05-17 1991-05-28 Daimler-Benz Ag Safety device in the form of an airbag for motor vehicles
US5090942A (en) * 1991-03-04 1992-02-25 Moore Business Forms, Inc. Label with record sheet
US5098125A (en) * 1990-06-08 1992-03-24 Stern & Stern Industries, Inc. Tube, airbag, and method of making the same
DE4134837A1 (de) * 1990-10-22 1992-04-23 Takata Corp Luftsack
US5131434A (en) * 1990-09-08 1992-07-21 Akzo N.V. Manufacture of an air bag fabric
US5375878A (en) * 1992-11-27 1994-12-27 Trw Repa Gmbh Gas bag for a vehicle occupant restraining system and fabric for its production
US5407728A (en) 1992-01-30 1995-04-18 Reeves Brothers, Inc. Fabric containing graft polymer thereon
US5407225A (en) * 1993-08-19 1995-04-18 Davidson Textron Invisible airbag door having reinforced PVC shell
US5486210A (en) 1992-01-30 1996-01-23 Reeves Brothers, Inc. Air bag fabric containing graft polymer thereon
US5501259A (en) * 1994-05-02 1996-03-26 Palm; Edward B. Inflatable restraint device and method of manufacturing same
US5505485A (en) * 1994-05-23 1996-04-09 Automotive Technologies International, Inc. Plastic film airbag
US5542703A (en) * 1994-06-15 1996-08-06 Jps Automotive Products Corporation Air bag having panels with different permeabilities
US5630620A (en) * 1994-09-01 1997-05-20 Takata Corporation Reinforced thermoplastic resin film air bag
US5653464A (en) * 1995-10-05 1997-08-05 Automotive Technologies International Inc. Airbag system with self shaping airbag
WO1997032624A1 (en) * 1996-03-06 1997-09-12 Scimed Life Systems, Inc. Laminate catheter balloons with additive burst strength and methods for preparation of same
US5746446A (en) * 1994-05-23 1998-05-05 Automotive Technologies International, Inc. Plastic film airbag
US5755459A (en) * 1996-06-18 1998-05-26 Trw Vehicle Safety Systems Inc. Folded air bag with adhesive
US5782489A (en) * 1996-08-23 1998-07-21 Trw Vehicle Safety Systems Inc. Air bag with adhesive at seams
US5863068A (en) * 1994-05-23 1999-01-26 Automotive Technologies International, Inc. Plastic film airbag
US6113141A (en) * 1998-07-06 2000-09-05 American Components, Inc. Roll-over air bag
US6135488A (en) * 1997-07-07 2000-10-24 Trw Occupant Restraint Systems Gmbh & Co. Kg Gas bag for a vehicular restraint system and fabric for its manufacture
US6149194A (en) * 1994-05-23 2000-11-21 Automotive Technologies International, Inc. Plastic film airbag
US6179326B1 (en) 1995-10-30 2001-01-30 Automotive Technologies International, Inc. Efficient airbag system
US6183009B1 (en) 1995-09-22 2001-02-06 Joseph Rychter Inflatable airbag and a method of manufacturing the same
US6250668B1 (en) * 1994-05-23 2001-06-26 Automotive Technologies International, Inc. Tubular airbag, method of making the same and occupant protection system including the same
US6299199B1 (en) * 1999-09-17 2001-10-09 Trw Vehicle Safety Systems Inc. Inflatable side curtain
US6355123B1 (en) 1998-07-06 2002-03-12 Methode Electronics, Inc. Roll-over air bag having a reinforced perimeter seal and associated method for producing a flat reinforced seal in a roll-over air bag
US6533316B2 (en) 1995-06-07 2003-03-18 Automotive Technologies International, Inc. Automotive electronic safety network
US20030211283A1 (en) * 2002-05-09 2003-11-13 Lockheed Martin Corporation Stacked sheet shock absorbing elastomeric device
US6648367B2 (en) 1995-06-07 2003-11-18 Automotive Technologies International Inc. Integrated occupant protection system
WO2003059750A3 (de) * 2002-01-16 2004-03-04 Mega Plast S A Stretchfolie
US6715790B2 (en) 1994-05-23 2004-04-06 Automotive Technologies International, Inc. Side curtain air bag
US6733036B2 (en) 1995-06-07 2004-05-11 Automotive Technologies International, Inc. Automotive electronic safety network
US6905135B2 (en) 1995-06-07 2005-06-14 Automotive Technologies International, Inc. Inflator system
US6971670B1 (en) * 1999-08-12 2005-12-06 Autoliv Development Ab Air-bag system for vehicles
US20060273558A1 (en) * 1994-05-23 2006-12-07 Automotive Technologies International, Inc. Vehicle with side curtain, multi-compartment airbag
EP1787803A1 (de) * 2005-11-10 2007-05-23 Faurecia Innenraum Systeme GmbH Verstärkte Verbundfolie
US20070138768A1 (en) * 2005-12-19 2007-06-21 Takata Corporation Airbag apparatus
US20080140278A1 (en) * 1995-06-07 2008-06-12 Automotive Technologies International, Inc. Vehicle Software Upgrade Techniques
US20080243342A1 (en) * 1995-12-12 2008-10-02 Automotive Technologies International, Inc. Side Curtain Airbag With Inflator At End
US20080272579A1 (en) * 2004-04-02 2008-11-06 Automotive Technologies International, Inc. Airbags with Internal Valves
USD670917S1 (en) * 2011-02-18 2012-11-20 Columbia Sportswear North America, Inc. Heat reflective lining material
US20130325323A1 (en) 1998-10-22 2013-12-05 American Vehicular Sciences Vehicle software upgrade techniques
USD734950S1 (en) * 2013-07-26 2015-07-28 Lg Hausys, Ltd. Film
US9440611B2 (en) * 2012-06-25 2016-09-13 Takata AG Gas bag arrangement for a vehicle occupant restraint system
USD784706S1 (en) * 2014-06-02 2017-04-25 Under Armour, Inc. Textile article including a perforation pattern
US9763494B2 (en) 2012-02-24 2017-09-19 Adidas Ag Material for shoe upper
USD797463S1 (en) * 2014-05-06 2017-09-19 Avintiv Specialty Materials Inc. Nonwoven fabric
USD802940S1 (en) * 2015-04-14 2017-11-21 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Fabric
USD819982S1 (en) * 2017-10-20 2018-06-12 Nike, Inc. Garment
USD820561S1 (en) * 2017-10-20 2018-06-19 Nike, Inc. Garment
USD820604S1 (en) * 2017-10-20 2018-06-19 Nike, Inc. Garment
USD821063S1 (en) * 2017-10-20 2018-06-26 Nike, Inc. Garment
USD821761S1 (en) * 2017-10-20 2018-07-03 Nike, Inc. Garment
USD824680S1 (en) * 2017-10-20 2018-08-07 Nike, Inc. Garment
US10182618B2 (en) 2013-08-23 2019-01-22 Adidas Ag Material for shoe upper
CN109326220A (zh) * 2018-09-20 2019-02-12 云谷（固安）科技有限公司 盖板及其制造方法、柔性显示模组和电子设备
US10682265B2 (en) 2015-11-12 2020-06-16 Pfnonwovens Llc Nonwoven with improved abrasion resistance and method of making the same
SE2050918A1 (en) * 2020-07-23 2022-01-24 Paalskog Teknik Ab Methods, and products produced by such methods
USD1047463S1 (en) * 2020-09-25 2024-10-22 Ningbo Mizhine Import & Export Co., Ltd. Fabric with pattern

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JPH04201760A (ja) * 1990-11-30 1992-07-22 Takata Kk 助手席用エアバッグ装置
DE4343738A1 (de) * 1993-12-21 1995-06-22 Johann Berger Airbag und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung
DE19824601C2 (de) * 1998-06-02 2003-04-03 Breed Automotive Tech Luftsack mit Ausgleichsvolumen
JP2009090905A (ja) * 2007-10-11 2009-04-30 Gsk Intek Co Ltd 安全エアバッグ布製品

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Cited By (84)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5018761A (en) * 1989-05-17 1991-05-28 Daimler-Benz Ag Safety device in the form of an airbag for motor vehicles
US5011183A (en) * 1990-06-08 1991-04-30 Stern & Stern Industries, Inc. Bag, airbag, and method of making the same
US5098125A (en) * 1990-06-08 1992-03-24 Stern & Stern Industries, Inc. Tube, airbag, and method of making the same
US5131434A (en) * 1990-09-08 1992-07-21 Akzo N.V. Manufacture of an air bag fabric
DE4134837A1 (de) * 1990-10-22 1992-04-23 Takata Corp Luftsack
AU645726B2 (en) * 1991-03-04 1994-01-20 Moore North America, Inc. Label with record sheet
US5090942A (en) * 1991-03-04 1992-02-25 Moore Business Forms, Inc. Label with record sheet
US5552472A (en) 1992-01-30 1996-09-03 Reeves Brothers, Inc. Fabric containing graft polymer thereon
US5407728A (en) 1992-01-30 1995-04-18 Reeves Brothers, Inc. Fabric containing graft polymer thereon
US5486210A (en) 1992-01-30 1996-01-23 Reeves Brothers, Inc. Air bag fabric containing graft polymer thereon
US5375878A (en) * 1992-11-27 1994-12-27 Trw Repa Gmbh Gas bag for a vehicle occupant restraining system and fabric for its production
US5407225A (en) * 1993-08-19 1995-04-18 Davidson Textron Invisible airbag door having reinforced PVC shell
US5501259A (en) * 1994-05-02 1996-03-26 Palm; Edward B. Inflatable restraint device and method of manufacturing same
US5836611A (en) * 1994-05-02 1998-11-17 Palm; Edward B. Inflatable restraint device and method of manufacturing same
US5505485A (en) * 1994-05-23 1996-04-09 Automotive Technologies International, Inc. Plastic film airbag
US20060273558A1 (en) * 1994-05-23 2006-12-07 Automotive Technologies International, Inc. Vehicle with side curtain, multi-compartment airbag
US6715790B2 (en) 1994-05-23 2004-04-06 Automotive Technologies International, Inc. Side curtain air bag
US5746446A (en) * 1994-05-23 1998-05-05 Automotive Technologies International, Inc. Plastic film airbag
US6250668B1 (en) * 1994-05-23 2001-06-26 Automotive Technologies International, Inc. Tubular airbag, method of making the same and occupant protection system including the same
US6149194A (en) * 1994-05-23 2000-11-21 Automotive Technologies International, Inc. Plastic film airbag
US5863068A (en) * 1994-05-23 1999-01-26 Automotive Technologies International, Inc. Plastic film airbag
US5566434A (en) * 1994-06-15 1996-10-22 Jps Automotive Products Corporation Air bag for use in a motor vehicle and method of producing same
US5630261A (en) * 1994-06-15 1997-05-20 Jps Automotive Products Corporation Air bag for use in a motor vehicle and method of producing same
US5542703A (en) * 1994-06-15 1996-08-06 Jps Automotive Products Corporation Air bag having panels with different permeabilities
US5630620A (en) * 1994-09-01 1997-05-20 Takata Corporation Reinforced thermoplastic resin film air bag
US9443358B2 (en) 1995-06-07 2016-09-13 Automotive Vehicular Sciences LLC Vehicle software upgrade techniques
US6905135B2 (en) 1995-06-07 2005-06-14 Automotive Technologies International, Inc. Inflator system
US6733036B2 (en) 1995-06-07 2004-05-11 Automotive Technologies International, Inc. Automotive electronic safety network
US20080140278A1 (en) * 1995-06-07 2008-06-12 Automotive Technologies International, Inc. Vehicle Software Upgrade Techniques
US6648367B2 (en) 1995-06-07 2003-11-18 Automotive Technologies International Inc. Integrated occupant protection system
US6533316B2 (en) 1995-06-07 2003-03-18 Automotive Technologies International, Inc. Automotive electronic safety network
US6183009B1 (en) 1995-09-22 2001-02-06 Joseph Rychter Inflatable airbag and a method of manufacturing the same
US6454301B1 (en) 1995-09-22 2002-09-24 Joseph Rychter Inflatable airbag with pre-determined three-dimensional shape
US6659501B2 (en) 1995-09-22 2003-12-09 Josef Rychter Textile formed part having pre-determined three-dimensional shape
US5653464A (en) * 1995-10-05 1997-08-05 Automotive Technologies International Inc. Airbag system with self shaping airbag
US6179326B1 (en) 1995-10-30 2001-01-30 Automotive Technologies International, Inc. Efficient airbag system
US7762580B2 (en) 1995-12-12 2010-07-27 Automotive Technologies International, Inc. Aspirated inflators
US20080272580A1 (en) * 1995-12-12 2008-11-06 Automotive Technologies International, Inc. Aspirated Inflators
US20080243342A1 (en) * 1995-12-12 2008-10-02 Automotive Technologies International, Inc. Side Curtain Airbag With Inflator At End
US9043093B2 (en) 1995-12-12 2015-05-26 American Vehicular Sciences Llc Single side curtain airbag for vehicles
US9022417B2 (en) 1995-12-12 2015-05-05 American Vehicular Sciences Llc Single side curtain airbag for vehicles
US6328925B1 (en) 1996-03-06 2001-12-11 Scimed Life Systems, Inc. Laminate catheter balloons with additive burst strength and methods for preparation of same
US6124007A (en) * 1996-03-06 2000-09-26 Scimed Life Systems Inc Laminate catheter balloons with additive burst strength and methods for preparation of same
WO1997032624A1 (en) * 1996-03-06 1997-09-12 Scimed Life Systems, Inc. Laminate catheter balloons with additive burst strength and methods for preparation of same
US5755459A (en) * 1996-06-18 1998-05-26 Trw Vehicle Safety Systems Inc. Folded air bag with adhesive
US5782489A (en) * 1996-08-23 1998-07-21 Trw Vehicle Safety Systems Inc. Air bag with adhesive at seams
US6135488A (en) * 1997-07-07 2000-10-24 Trw Occupant Restraint Systems Gmbh & Co. Kg Gas bag for a vehicular restraint system and fabric for its manufacture
US6113141A (en) * 1998-07-06 2000-09-05 American Components, Inc. Roll-over air bag
US6355123B1 (en) 1998-07-06 2002-03-12 Methode Electronics, Inc. Roll-over air bag having a reinforced perimeter seal and associated method for producing a flat reinforced seal in a roll-over air bag
US20130325323A1 (en) 1998-10-22 2013-12-05 American Vehicular Sciences Vehicle software upgrade techniques
US10240935B2 (en) 1998-10-22 2019-03-26 American Vehicular Sciences Llc Vehicle software upgrade techniques
US6971670B1 (en) * 1999-08-12 2005-12-06 Autoliv Development Ab Air-bag system for vehicles
US6299199B1 (en) * 1999-09-17 2001-10-09 Trw Vehicle Safety Systems Inc. Inflatable side curtain
WO2003059750A3 (de) * 2002-01-16 2004-03-04 Mega Plast S A Stretchfolie
US20050118391A1 (en) * 2002-01-16 2005-06-02 Harilaos Kavvadias Stretch film
US7682683B2 (en) 2002-01-16 2010-03-23 Mega Plast S.A. Stretch film
US20030211283A1 (en) * 2002-05-09 2003-11-13 Lockheed Martin Corporation Stacked sheet shock absorbing elastomeric device
US6749924B2 (en) * 2002-05-09 2004-06-15 Lockheed Martin Corporation Stacked sheet shock absorbing elastomeric device
US20080272579A1 (en) * 2004-04-02 2008-11-06 Automotive Technologies International, Inc. Airbags with Internal Valves
EP1787803A1 (de) * 2005-11-10 2007-05-23 Faurecia Innenraum Systeme GmbH Verstärkte Verbundfolie
US7648157B2 (en) * 2005-12-19 2010-01-19 Takata Corporation Airbag apparatus
US20070138768A1 (en) * 2005-12-19 2007-06-21 Takata Corporation Airbag apparatus
USD670917S1 (en) * 2011-02-18 2012-11-20 Columbia Sportswear North America, Inc. Heat reflective lining material
US10750826B2 (en) 2012-02-24 2020-08-25 Adidas Ag Material for shoe upper
US9763494B2 (en) 2012-02-24 2017-09-19 Adidas Ag Material for shoe upper
US9775409B2 (en) 2012-02-24 2017-10-03 Adidas Ag Material for shoe upper
US11779080B2 (en) 2012-02-24 2023-10-10 Adidas Ag Material for shoe upper
US9440611B2 (en) * 2012-06-25 2016-09-13 Takata AG Gas bag arrangement for a vehicle occupant restraint system
USD734950S1 (en) * 2013-07-26 2015-07-28 Lg Hausys, Ltd. Film
US10182618B2 (en) 2013-08-23 2019-01-22 Adidas Ag Material for shoe upper
USD797463S1 (en) * 2014-05-06 2017-09-19 Avintiv Specialty Materials Inc. Nonwoven fabric
USD784706S1 (en) * 2014-06-02 2017-04-25 Under Armour, Inc. Textile article including a perforation pattern
USD802940S1 (en) * 2015-04-14 2017-11-21 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Fabric
US10682265B2 (en) 2015-11-12 2020-06-16 Pfnonwovens Llc Nonwoven with improved abrasion resistance and method of making the same
USD820604S1 (en) * 2017-10-20 2018-06-19 Nike, Inc. Garment
USD824680S1 (en) * 2017-10-20 2018-08-07 Nike, Inc. Garment
USD821761S1 (en) * 2017-10-20 2018-07-03 Nike, Inc. Garment
USD821063S1 (en) * 2017-10-20 2018-06-26 Nike, Inc. Garment
USD820561S1 (en) * 2017-10-20 2018-06-19 Nike, Inc. Garment
USD819982S1 (en) * 2017-10-20 2018-06-12 Nike, Inc. Garment
CN109326220A (zh) * 2018-09-20 2019-02-12 云谷（固安）科技有限公司 盖板及其制造方法、柔性显示模组和电子设备
SE2050918A1 (en) * 2020-07-23 2022-01-24 Paalskog Teknik Ab Methods, and products produced by such methods
WO2022019822A1 (en) * 2020-07-23 2022-01-27 Pålskog Teknik Ab Methods, and products produced by such methods
USD1047463S1 (en) * 2020-09-25 2024-10-22 Ningbo Mizhine Import & Export Co., Ltd. Fabric with pattern

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2632895B1 (fr) 1990-11-02
GB2221650B (en) 1992-06-17
JPH01317847A (ja) 1989-12-22
FR2632895A1 (fr) 1989-12-22
GB8913917D0 (en) 1989-08-02
DE3919763A1 (de) 1989-12-28
DE8907391U1 (de) 1989-09-21
DE3919763C2 (ko) 1993-03-04
GB2221650A (en) 1990-02-14
KR900000246A (ko) 1990-01-30

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