Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
  • C07D401/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings
  • C07D401/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D211/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings
  • C07D211/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
  • C07D211/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
  • C07D211/36—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
  • C07D211/40—Oxygen atoms
  • C07D211/44—Oxygen atoms attached in position 4
  • C07D211/46—Oxygen atoms attached in position 4 having a hydrogen atom as the second substituent in position 4
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D235/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, condensed with other rings
  • C07D235/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, condensed with other rings condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
  • C07D235/04—Benzimidazoles; Hydrogenated benzimidazoles
  • C07D235/24—Benzimidazoles; Hydrogenated benzimidazoles with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached in position 2
  • C07D235/28—Sulfur atoms
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D277/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings
  • C07D277/60—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
  • C07D277/62—Benzothiazoles
  • C07D277/68—Benzothiazoles with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached in position 2
  • C07D277/70—Sulfur atoms
  • C07D277/74—Sulfur atoms substituted by carbon atoms
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D413/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
  • C07D413/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings
  • C07D413/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D413/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
  • C07D413/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing three or more hetero rings
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D417/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00
  • C07D417/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing three or more hetero rings

Definitions

• This invention relates to a novel piperidine derivative and a piperazine derivative, a process for preparing the same and an antihistaminic and antiallergic pharmaceutical composition containing the same.
• Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 129282/1987 discloses bicyclic condensed oxazoles and thiazoleamines which are partially similar in structure to the compounds of the present invention, but they are different in the piperidine site and their pharmacological activity is characterized by anti-Parkinson's disease, which is entirely different from the pharmacological activity of the compounds of the present invention.
• Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 194068/1986 discloses vinyl derivatives and 5-lipoxygenase inhibitors containing the same, in which the structure partially similar to that of the compounds of the present invention are described, but they are different from the compounds of the present invention in structure at the moiety adjacent to carbonyl group and also have different pharmacological activity.
• the novel piperidine and piperazine derivatives of the present invention are compounds represented by Formula (I): ##STR3## wherein Ar 1 and Ar 2 each independently represent a group selected from the group consisting of a phenyl group; phenyl groups having a halogen atom, a nitro group, a lower alkoxy group, a lower alkyl group or a lower alkyl group substituted with halogen atoms; and a pyridyl group; n is an integer of 0 or 1; A is a group selected from the group consisting of >N-- and >CH--, with the proviso that when A is >N--, n is 0, and when A is >CH--, n is 1; B represents an alkylene group or an alkenylene which may be a straight chain having 2 to 6 carbon atoms or a branched chain having at least 2 carbon atoms in the main chain; Z is represented by Formula (II): ##STR4## (wherein X
• the "lower” means to have 1 to 4 carbon atoms unless otherwise specifically noted.
• examples of the group represented by Ar 1 or Ar 2 may include phenyl group; a phenyl group substituted with a halogen atom such as 4-fluorophenyl, 2-chlorophenyl, 3-chlorophenyl, 4-chlorophenyl, 2-bromophenyl, 4-bromophenyl, 2-iodophenyl, 4-iodophenyl, etc.; a phenyl group substituted with alkyl groups such as 2-methyl, 3-methyl, 4-methyl, 2,4-dimethyl, 3,4-dimethyl, 4-ethyl, 4-isopropyl, 4-n-propyl, 4-n-butyl, etc.; a phenyl group substituted with a trifluoromethyl group; a phenyl group substituted with alkoxy groups such as 4-methoxy, 2,4-dimethoxy, 3,4-dimethoxy, 4-ethoxy, etc.; a phenyl groups substitute
• n is an integer of 0 or 1
• A represents a member selected from the group consisting of >N-- and >CH--, and when A is >N--, n is 0, and when A is >CH--, n is 1
• B represents an alkylene or alkenylene group which may be straight chain or a branched chain having at least 2 carbon atoms in the main chain, and the said alkylene group is exemplified by an ethylene group, a propylene group, a trimethylene group, a tetramethylene group, a pentamethylene group, a hexamethylene group, etc., and the said alkenylene group is exemplified by a vinylene group, a propenylene group, a 2-butenylene group, a 2-pentenylene group, a 3-pentenylene group, etc., and a straight alkylene group or an alkenylene group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms are preferred.
• Z is represented by Formula (II): ##STR6## (wherein X and Y each independently represent a group selected from the group consisting of >NH--, --O--, and --S--; R 1 and R 2 each independently represent a group selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom; a halogen atom such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine, etc.; a lower alkyl group such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, etc.; a lower alkoxy group such as methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, etc.) or by Formula (II'): ##STR7## In the formula, Z' represents a lower alkyl group such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, cyclopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, t-butyl, cyclobutyl and the like; hydroxyl group; a lower alkoxy group such as methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy
• Z' is a phenyl group or a phenyl group substituted with a lower alkyl group
• at least one of the above Ar 1 or Ar 2 is a pyridyl group
• Z is represented by Formula (II')
• A is >CH-- and n is 1.
• the compound represented by the above Formula (I) can be prepared by Processes 1 to 5 shown by the following Reaction Schemes 1 to 5.
• Reaction Scheme 1 ##STR8## (wherein W is a leaving group, for example, a halogen atom such as chlorine, bromine, iodine, etc., or a reactive ester group such as a methanesulfonyloxy group, a p-toluenesulfonyloxy group, etc., Ar 1 , Ar 2 , n, A, B and Z are the same as defined above).
• Compound (I) can be prepared easily by reacting Compound (III) with Compound Formula (IV) as shown in Reaction Scheme (1).
• Compound (IV) is added in an amount of 1 to 3 mols to 1 mol of Compound (III).
• the above reaction is carried out in an appropriate organic solvent inert to the said reaction.
• appropriate organic solvents may include lower alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, etc.; aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, xylene, etc.; ethers such as 1,4-dioxane, THF, etc.; ketones such as acetone, ethyl methyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, etc.; amides such as N,N-dimethylformamide, etc.; or solvent mixtures of two or more of these solvents.
• the reaction may be preferably carried out in the presence of a base.
• Examples of such base may include alkali metal hydroxides such as sodium hydroxide, etc.; alkaline earth metal hydroxides such as calcium hydroxide, etc.; alkali metal carbonates such as potassium carbonate, etc.; alkaline earth metal carbonates such as calcium carbonate, etc.; alkali metal hydrogen carbonates such as sodium hydrogen carbonate, etc.; alkali metal hydrides such as sodium hydride, etc.; alkaline earth metal hydrides such as calcium hydride, etc.; alkoxides of alkali metal such as sodium methoxide, etc.; trialkylamines such as triethylamine, etc.; and pyridine and so on. These bases are added in an amount of 1 to 3 mols to 1 mol of Compound (III).
• reaction accelerator a small amount of an appropriate metal iodide such as sodium or potassium iodide may be added.
• an appropriate metal iodide such as sodium or potassium iodide
• the reaction time may be 2 to 24 hours.
• the reaction product is separated from the reaction mixture, and may be further purified according to a method generally known in the art, if necessary.
• Reaction Scheme (2) ##STR9## (wherein W' is a leaving group, for example, a halogen atom such as chlorine, bromine, iodine, etc., and Ar 1 , Ar 2 , n, A, B, X, Y, R 1 and R 2 are the same as defined above).
• Compound (I-a) can be easily prepared by reacting Compound (V) with Compound (VI) as shown in Reaction Scheme (2).
• Compound (I-b) can be easily prepared by reacting Compound (VII) with Compound Formula (VIII) as shown in Reaction Scheme (3).
• the compound of the present invention when Z' represents a lower alkoxy group, a phenoxy group, an amino group, a lower alkylamino group or a anilino group, the compound of the present invention can be prepared in the following process.
• Reaction Scheme 4 ##STR11## (wherein W' is a leaving group, for example, a halogen atom such as chlorine, bromine, iodine, etc. or a hydroxyl group, Z" is a group selected from the group consisting of a lower alkoxy group, a phenoxy group, an amino group, a lower alkylamino group and an anilino group; and Ar 1 , Ar 2 and B are the same as defined above).
• W' is a leaving group, for example, a halogen atom such as chlorine, bromine, iodine, etc. or a hydroxyl group
• Z" is a group selected from the group consisting of a lower alkoxy group, a phenoxy group, an amino group, a lower alkylamino group and an anilino group
• Ar 1 , Ar 2 and B are the same as defined above).
• Compound (I-C) can be prepared easily by reacting Compound (IX) with Compound Formula (X) as shown in Reaction Scheme (4). Compound (X) is added in an amount of 1 to 3 mols to 1 mol of Compound (IX).
• Compound (IX) can be obtained by converting the corresponding carboxylic acid to the said halide according to the known method.
• the reaction shown in Reaction Scheme (4) is carried out in an inert solvent at -5° to 30° C., and the reaction time may be 1 to 10 hours.
• the reaction shown in Reaction Scheme (4) is carried out in an inert solvent in the presence of a dehydrating agent such as dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, anhydrous trifluoroacetic acid, N-acylimidazole, etc.
• the dehydrating agent is used in an amount of 1 to 2 mols to 1 mol of Compound (IX), and the reaction temperature is -5° to 30° C. and the reaction time is 1 to 24 hours.
• Reaction Scheme 5 ##STR12## (wherein R is a lower alkyl group such as methyl, ethyl, etc., and Ar 1 , Ar 2 and B are the same as defined above).
• Compound (I-d) can be easily prepared by hydrolyzing Compound (XI) under basic conditions as shown in Reaction Scheme (5).
• This hydrolysis should be preferably carried out in aqueous alcohols such as aqueous methanol, ethanol, etc. by using an inorganic base such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, etc. in an amount of 1 to 5 mol to 1 mol of Compound (XI) at room temperature or at a slightly elevated temperature for increasing the reaction rate, and in some cases, the reaction can be also carried out at a reflux temperature of the reaction mixture.
• the reaction time may be 1 to 10 hours.
• the intermediate product (III-a), wherein A is >N-- and n is 0 is generally known (C.A. 44: 7327d (1950), C.A. 64: 3499e (1966), etc.), and all of them can be prepared by application of the processes known in this field of the art.
• Such intermediate products can be prepared by, for example, subjecting an appropriate aroyl halide to Friedel-Crafts reaction by using an appropriate areve to obtain Ar 1 , Ar 2 -methanone, which is then reduced in a conventional manner to the corresponding methanol by use of, for example, sodium borohydride.
• the alcohol obtained is converted according to the generally known procedure into a diarylhalogenomethane or a reactive ester (XII) (wherein W is a halogen atom such as chlorine, bromine, etc. or a reactive ester group such as p-toluenesulfonyloxy group, and Ar 1 and Ar 2 are the same as defined above), and then the desired intermediate product (III-a) is obtained from the reaction of Compound (XII) with piperazine (XIII). ##STR13##
• the intermediate product (III-b), wherein A is >CH-- and n is 1, can be easily prepared by O-alkylation of Compound (XIV) (wherein Q represents a general protecting group used for amino group such as formyl group, an ethoxycarbonyl group, a tert-butoxycarbonyl group, represented by Compound (XII)) with a halide or a reactive ester, and then followed by elimination of the protecting group from Compound (XV) in a general method.
• Q represents a general protecting group used for amino group such as formyl group, an ethoxycarbonyl group, a tert-butoxycarbonyl group, represented by Compound (XII)
• a non-toxic, pharmacologically effective acid adduct By reacting an appropriate acid with Compound (I) of the present invention, a non-toxic, pharmacologically effective acid adduct can be obtained.
• appropriate acid may include hydro-halogenic acids such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, etc.; inorganic acids such as sulfuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, etc.; and organic acids such as acetic acid, propionic acid, hydroxyacetic acid, 2-hydroxypropionic acid, pyruvic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, dihydroxyfumaric acid, oxalic acid, benzoic acid, cinnamic acid, salicylic acid, methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, cyclohexysulfaminic acid, 4-aminosalicylic acid
• the compounds of the present invention represented by Formula (I) and their pharmaceutically acceptable acid adducts have useful pharmacological properties, particularly potent antihistaminic and antiallergic activities. Further, they have the specific feature that the secondary effect such as stimulation or inhibition on the central nervous system frequently observed in the prior antihistaminic agents can be reduced to a minimum, and they can be used themselves or in combination with appropriate carrier as effective drugs for therapy for human being and animals. Specifically, they can be applied for therapy or treatment of allergic skin diseases such as urticaria, eczema, dermatitis, etc., and sternutatio, pituita and cough, caused by upper respiratory track inflammation and bronchial asthma, etc.
• allergic skin diseases such as urticaria, eczema, dermatitis, etc.
• sternutatio pituita and cough
• the compound of the present invention When used as the antihistaminic agent, it may be administered primarily orally or by many of external application.
• the dose may be appropriately increased or decreased depending on the difference in disease, the extent of symptom, age, etc., and may be generally about 2 to 50 mg, preferably 5 to 25 mg for an adult per day.
• the compound of the present invention into a preparation, it can be formed into a dosage form such as tablet, capsule, powder, syrup, ointment, etc. according to conventional methods in the technical field of preparation.
• the compound of the present invention can relax smooth muscle of trachea and either in vitro or in vivo, and can significantly inhibit death induced by histamine hydrochloride in a guinea pig to which the compound is orally administered at a dose of 1 mg per 1 kg of the animal body weight. Also, when the influence of these components on the persisting time of the anesthetic action induced by thiopental as the central nerve inhibiting agent was examined, substantially no remarkable potentiating effect was recognized.
• the pharmacological test results for the following representative compounds from the present invention are shown below.
• ddY-strain male mice of 5 weeks of age were employed.
• Thiopental sodium was dissolved in physiological saline, and the test substance was prepared with a suspending agent of 0.5% Tween 80 (trade name, produced by Atlas Powder Co.; polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan mono-oleate) and 1% gum tragacanth in the ratio of 1:2.5.
• the test animals were starved for 4 hours, 60 mg/10 ml/kg of the test substance was intraperitoneally administered (or orally administered), and then 20 minutes later (1 hour later in the case of oral administration), 30 mg/10 mg/kg of thiopental sodium was intravenously administered.
• the time immediately from intravenous administration to the righting reflex was measured, and this was defined as the anesthetic time.
• the formula for determining the anesthesia elongation is shown below. ##EQU1##
• H 1 receptor antagonist plays an important role.
• an H 1 receptor exists not only in the peripheral system, but also in the central nervous system, and when the antihistamine agent blocks the central system receptors, undesirable side-effect of sedation (sleepiness) is brought about. Therefore, it is desirable to prevent the influx of the drug into the central system to minimize the side-effect.
• a drug which can hardly pass through the blood-cerebral barrier led to the central nervous system, and interacts only with the peripheral H 1 receptor is preferred.
• Terfanadine and Astemizole as control drugs are reported to have little sedative side-effect.
• novel piperidine and piperazine derivatives which are the compounds of the present invention have generally little potentiating activity for thiopental, and therefore no remarkable elongation of sleeping time is recognized, and yet they have more potent antihistaminic activity than Terfenadine.
• the compounds of the present invention are extremely safe, and can be used continuously for a long term as pharmaceuticals, and were confirmed to have good tolerability in the toxicity test in mice by oral administration.
• the LD50 for male mouse was found to be 1,700 mg/kg, and in the case of the compound D, it was 740 mg/kg, and in the case of the compound K, it was found to be 2,200 mg/kg.
• (+)-tartaric acid 2-[2-[4-[(4-chlorophenyl)-2-pyridylmethoxy]-1-piperidye]-ethylthio]benzoxazole (+)-tartarate was obtained in the same method as described in Example 2.
• the residue was separated by silica gel column chromatography using a mixture of ethyl acetate and methanol in the volume ratio 25:1 as an eluent.
• the desired fraction was concentrated under reduced pressure, and 60 ml of ethanol and 1.61 g (32.16 mmol) of hydrazine (hydrate) were added to the residue, and the mixture was stirred under reflux. After 200 ml of 1N aqueous sodium hydroxide was added to the reaction mixture, the mixture was extracted twice with 200 ml of chloroform.
• Example 29 0.38 g (0.98 mmol) of the amide obtained in Example 29 was dissolved in 3 ml of ethanol, and 0.11 g (0.98 mmol) of maleic acid was added. The precipitated white crystals were recrystallized from ethyl acetate to give 0.35 g (71%) of 4-[4-[(4-chlorophenyl)-2-pyridylmethoxy]-1-piperidyl]butanamide maleate.
• Example 34 From the ethyl ester obtained in Example 34 and fumaric acid, ethyl 4-(4-diphenylmethoxy-1-piperidyl)butanoate fumarate, was obtained in the same procedure as described in Example 2.
• novel compounds from the present invention provide pharmaceutical compositions with pharmacological or pharmaceutical activities, particularly antihistaminic activity or antiallergic activity, and give the great industrial importance.

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• 1989
  • 1989-03-16 US US07/325,306 patent/US4929618A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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