US3903702A - Revetment structure - Google Patents

Revetment structure Download PDF

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Publication number
US3903702A
US3903702A US358310A US35831073A US3903702A US 3903702 A US3903702 A US 3903702A US 358310 A US358310 A US 358310A US 35831073 A US35831073 A US 35831073A US 3903702 A US3903702 A US 3903702A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
units
revetment
recesses
earth
unit
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US358310A
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English (en)
Inventor
Samuel Alan Appleton
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dytap Construction Holdings Ltd
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Dytap Construction Holdings Ltd
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C9/00—Special pavings; Pavings for special parts of roads or airfields
    • E01C9/004—Pavings specially adapted for allowing vegetation
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
    • E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
    • E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
    • E02B3/14—Preformed blocks or slabs for forming essentially continuous surfaces; Arrangements thereof

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT The invention provides a system of interfitting concrete units for surfacing revetments or other ground liable to erosion.
  • Each unit is provided with cavities to retain earth on the finished surface and has a special outline shape such that opposite longitudinal sides are reflections of each other. This is claimed to avoid any tendency for the units to rotate when subjected to stresses in the finished structure.
  • the units may optionally be provided with sockets into which dowels may be fitted to further prevent dislodgement of any one unit.
  • a masonry unit whose edges have laterally projecting and depressed recess portions arranged to interfit with corresponding portions on identical units to form an interfitting structure and which are formed with cavities to retain earth on the finished structure, one lingitudinal edge of the unit being a reflection of the other longitudinal edge about a longitudinal axis of the unit.
  • the raised and depressed portions are preferably simple 'V or U shapes and are optionally provided with sockets adapted to receive linking members for transmitting forces between the units in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the finished structure thereby reducing the possibility of dislodgement.
  • the Linking members may take the form of short dowels each tapered from a central position towards its ends and they fit into correspondingly tapered sockets in the masonry units.
  • a preferred construction is a concrete moulding formed by interconnected ribs defining cavities between them.
  • Each longitudinal edge has a laterally projecting portion centrally located on one half thereof and a laterally recessed portion centrally located on the other half.
  • the raised and depressed portions are of a similar shape which can advantageously be a shallow V or U. If a V shape is used it preferably defines an angle within the range of about 140 to for maximum strength combined with effectiveness in the transmission of shear forces.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view from above of an exemplary embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a view from underneath of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is an elevation of the far end of the embodiment as shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 4 and 5 are plan views of alternative embodiments.
  • FIG. 6 shows an assembly of blocks all constructed in accordance with the invention.
  • FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 there is shown a generally rectangular precast concrete unit whose top face I is defined by a latticework of interconnected slightly tapered ribs which serve to retain soil on the finished revetment.
  • the exact formation of the ribs is not a critical feature and possible alternative designs are shown in FIGS. 4 and 5.
  • Cavities 2 are provided between the ribs with further spaces 3 on the longer edges and corners of the unit. These spaces 2 and 3 all extend through the entire thickness of the unit.
  • Lateral projections 4 and depressions 5, all have a similar V shape are spaced around the unit as shown and it is notable that the basic outline is symmetrical about the longitudinal axis X X (see FIG. 2). In particular the longitudinal edges of the unit are reflections one of the other about the X X axis. This symmetry enables identical units to be assembled in staggered relationship and also reduces tendency for the unit to turn when subjected to stresses in the finished structure.
  • Each of the two longer sides can be divided into two sections of length plus a joint thickness j between the two sections as shown on FIG. 2 and this dimension k) is equal to the length of each of the shorter sides.
  • This dimension k is equal to the length of each of the shorter sides.
  • each laterally projecting and laterally recessed portion 4 and 5 is provided with a socket in the form of a small tapered hole.
  • a socket in the form of a small tapered hole.
  • small dowels (not shown) of nylon or other similar synthetic material are inserted into these sockets during assembly.
  • the dowels are tapered to co-act with the taper of the sockets and may be constructed so as to separate each block slightly from the next to give added flexibility.
  • a revetment or earth facing structure laid directly on the earth comprising a plurality of interfitting units to form a flexible mattress and including means defining cavities therethrough which are filled with said earth to stabilize and retain said revetment on said earth, said units being similar to one another, said units interlocking after assembly to substantially minimize rotative shifting of units adjacent any units subjected to a rotative, shifting force caused by earth movement, each of said units being of generally rectangular configuration and being formed by a series of interconnected ribs which taper towards the upper face of said unit,
  • the projections and recesses interfitting with recesses and prpjections respectively of identical units to form said revetment, the projections and recesses on one said edge being reflections in the axis of the projections and recesses respectively of the other edge, the projections and recesses of said each of said units being provided with sockets receiving linking members for transmitting forces between adjacent units in a direction perpendicular to the plane of said revetment, whereby any heaving or shifting in the earth with resultant movement of units adjacent any one unit will cause substantially only nonrotative shifting of such one unit thereby substantially negating breaking up of the interfitting structure of the identical units forming said revetment.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)
  • Retaining Walls (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)
US358310A 1972-05-09 1973-05-08 Revetment structure Expired - Lifetime US3903702A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB2160072A GB1385207A (en) 1972-05-09 1972-05-09 Masonry block

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3903702A true US3903702A (en) 1975-09-09

Family

ID=10165649

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US358310A Expired - Lifetime US3903702A (en) 1972-05-09 1973-05-08 Revetment structure

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US3903702A (de)
AT (1) AT331292B (de)
BE (1) BE799240A (de)
DE (1) DE2323162A1 (de)
ES (1) ES218724Y (de)
FR (1) FR2184323A5 (de)
GB (1) GB1385207A (de)
IE (1) IE38416B1 (de)

Cited By (44)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4067197A (en) * 1975-11-26 1978-01-10 Paul Ritter Means for stabilizing soil
US4067196A (en) * 1974-11-18 1978-01-10 Paul Schraudenbach Decorative stone
US4227829A (en) * 1978-11-29 1980-10-14 Landry Jr Kossuth J Soil erosion prevention blocks
WO1981003512A1 (en) * 1980-06-02 1981-12-10 P Knudsen A revetment for protecting the inclined surfaces of beaches,shores,rivers or channels,and of structures such as moles,dikes or channel walls,located in these places,against erosion by waves and flowing water
WO1981003514A1 (en) * 1980-05-27 1981-12-10 K Landry Soil erosion prevention blocks
FR2488634A1 (fr) * 1980-08-12 1982-02-19 Kossuth Jean Blocs en vue d'empecher l'erosion du sol
US4326817A (en) * 1980-02-22 1982-04-27 Boiardi Mario J Paving stone and walkway formed therewith
US4370075A (en) * 1980-10-28 1983-01-25 Nicolon Corporation Revetment grids and mats
US4875803A (en) * 1988-07-18 1989-10-24 Scales Michael J Block-formed revetment system for controlling soil erosion
US4896996A (en) * 1989-01-23 1990-01-30 Mouton William J Wave actuated coastal erosion reversal system for shorelines
US4998844A (en) * 1989-01-23 1991-03-12 Charles C. Garvey, Jr. Wave actuated coastal erosion reversal system for shorelines
US5102048A (en) * 1990-08-31 1992-04-07 Bohnhoff William W Irrigation head support
US5108219A (en) * 1990-12-14 1992-04-28 Hair Roberta A Interlocking paving stone
US5123778A (en) * 1990-09-26 1992-06-23 Bohnhoff William W Method of paving
US5201843A (en) * 1992-02-11 1993-04-13 Hair Roberta A Interlocking paving stone for open drainage ground cover pattern
US5250340A (en) * 1990-08-31 1993-10-05 Bohnhoff William W Mat for stabilizing particulate materials
US5429451A (en) * 1993-04-30 1995-07-04 Pettee, Jr.; Gary K. Grid matrix system including interconnected revetment blocks
US5645369A (en) * 1993-12-08 1997-07-08 Geiger; Peter Plate-shaped paving stone, in particular made of concrete
USD415846S (en) * 1997-12-22 1999-10-26 Giuseppe Abbrancati Brick
US5988942A (en) * 1996-11-12 1999-11-23 Stewart Trustees Limited Erosion control system
US6508607B1 (en) 2000-12-21 2003-01-21 Lee A. Smith Erosion control block adapted for use with cellular concrete mattresses
US6558074B2 (en) 2001-07-19 2003-05-06 Jan Erik Jansson Assembly of revetments with crush-absorbing ribs
US20030121229A1 (en) * 2000-06-07 2003-07-03 Michael Schmitz Cast stone for fixing exterior traffic surfaces
US6592292B1 (en) 2002-11-14 2003-07-15 Jan Erik Jansson Flexible bolt and assembly of concrete revetments employing same
US20040045248A1 (en) * 2000-09-27 2004-03-11 Andreas Drost Floor covering element consisting of artificial stone material and set of floor convering elements
US6739797B1 (en) * 1999-12-22 2004-05-25 Thomas W. Schneider Interlocking erosion control block with integral mold
US6863472B2 (en) 2002-06-11 2005-03-08 Jan Erik Jansson Revetment useful to line stream bed and assembly of said revetments
US6866446B2 (en) 2002-02-05 2005-03-15 Lee Masonry Products, Llc Revetment block and mat
US6942420B1 (en) * 2001-02-05 2005-09-13 F. Von Langsdorff Licensing Limited Ground covering elements of artificial stone material
US20050214077A1 (en) * 2004-03-25 2005-09-29 Dearmond Thomas H Jr Structure and method for supporting headstones and other stonelike objects
US20060263146A1 (en) * 2005-05-20 2006-11-23 National Diversified Sales, Inc. Rollable load bearing mat for turf areas
US20110180452A1 (en) * 2010-01-25 2011-07-28 Mattel, Inc. Display Assembly
US8609215B2 (en) 2003-03-24 2013-12-17 Keystone Retaining Wall Systems Llc Irregular tessellated building units
US8726595B2 (en) * 2010-10-20 2014-05-20 Keystone Retaining Wall Systems Llc Irregular building units having mating sides
US8747019B2 (en) 2004-10-25 2014-06-10 Oldcastle Building Products Canada, Inc. Artificial flagstone for providing a surface with a natural random look
US8979420B2 (en) 2012-04-27 2015-03-17 National Diversified Sales, Inc. Marker for permeable paver
US9057197B2 (en) 2008-05-21 2015-06-16 Oldcastle Building Products Canada, Inc. Artificial stone
US9315950B2 (en) 2012-10-19 2016-04-19 Oldcastle Architectural, Inc. Paving stones
US9404226B2 (en) 2012-06-18 2016-08-02 Oldcastle Building Products Canada Inc. Dual-unit paving system
US10370859B2 (en) 2015-07-22 2019-08-06 Keystone Retaining Wall Systems Llc Patio blocks and block systems with side surface positioning and retaining structures
US10494770B2 (en) 2015-11-17 2019-12-03 F. Von Langsdorff Licensing Limited Paving element having drainage channels and pavement system incorporating same
US10682786B2 (en) 2017-05-10 2020-06-16 Riccobene Designs Llc Articulating composite surface covering mat and method of making
USD896995S1 (en) 2018-05-08 2020-09-22 Riccobene Designs Llc Set of pavers
USD951485S1 (en) 2020-04-02 2022-05-10 Riccobene Designs Llc Set of pavers

Families Citing this family (33)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH636393A5 (de) * 1979-03-05 1983-05-31 Rolf Scheiwiller Bausatz aus verbundsteinen, insbesondere fuer die hangsicherung und flussbettverbauung.
FR2476179A1 (fr) * 1980-02-19 1981-08-21 Lena Alex Di Jeu d'elements de construction pour mur de soutenement
DE3163893D1 (en) * 1980-09-05 1984-07-05 Steiner Silidur Ag Hollow block for constructing bank acclivities
GB2120699B (en) * 1982-05-17 1985-11-27 Christopher Douglas Hodson Improvements in or relating to paving or building blocks
FR2637302B2 (fr) * 1984-03-23 1991-04-26 Rossi Jean Element de construction pour murs de soutenement destine a etre garni de vegetation comportant des alveoles pouvant faire office de coffrage perdu
GB2162876B (en) * 1984-08-09 1987-11-04 Thomas Charles Mascaro Module and modular support structure for turfgrass and like areas
USRE34314E (en) * 1986-09-15 1993-07-20 Keystone Retaining Wall Systems, Inc. Block wall
US4825619A (en) * 1986-09-15 1989-05-02 Keystone Retaining Wall Systems, Inc. Block wall
US4914876A (en) * 1986-09-15 1990-04-10 Keystone Retaining Wall Systems, Inc. Retaining wall with flexible mechanical soil stabilizing sheet
US4802320A (en) * 1986-09-15 1989-02-07 Keystone Retaining Wall Systems, Inc. Retaining wall block
EP0362110B1 (de) * 1988-09-30 1993-11-10 Jean Louis Rossi Bepflanzbare Stützmauer mit Nischen, welche als verlorene Schalung benutzt werden können
US5062610A (en) * 1989-09-28 1991-11-05 Block Systems Inc. Composite masonry block mold for use in block molding machines
US5294216A (en) 1989-09-28 1994-03-15 Anchor Wall Systems, Inc. Composite masonry block
US5017049A (en) * 1990-03-15 1991-05-21 Block Systems Inc. Composite masonry block
US5249950B1 (en) * 1992-01-30 1997-05-13 Anchor Wall Syst Heated stripper shoe assembly
USD380560S (en) 1992-05-21 1997-07-01 Keystone Retaining Wall Systems, Inc. Three faceted broken front face of a retaining wall block
US5490363A (en) 1992-10-06 1996-02-13 Anchor Wall Sytems, Inc. Composite masonry block
US5704183A (en) 1992-10-06 1998-01-06 Anchor Wall Systems, Inc. Composite masonry block
NZ257237A (en) 1992-10-06 1997-05-26 Anchor Wall Syst Masonry block enabling construction of curved or serpentine walls and a retaining wall made from the blocks and mould assembly for making such blocks
US5474405A (en) * 1993-03-31 1995-12-12 Societe Civile Des Brevets Henri C. Vidal Low elevation wall construction
US5624211A (en) * 1993-03-31 1997-04-29 Societe Civile Des Brevets Henri C. Vidal Modular block retaining wall construction and components
US5507599A (en) * 1993-03-31 1996-04-16 Societe Civile Des Brevets Henri C. Vidal Modular block retaining wall construction and components
GB9313095D0 (en) 1993-06-24 1993-08-11 Vidal Henri Brevets Earth structures
GB9407485D0 (en) * 1994-04-15 1994-06-08 U P S Ltd Improvements in and relating to surfacing blocks
USD381086S (en) 1995-05-03 1997-07-15 Keystone Retaining Wall Systems, Inc. Front face of a retaining wall block
NL1003138C2 (nl) 1996-05-15 1997-11-18 Den Boer Beton Groot Ammers B Bekleding voor een oever.
US6029943A (en) 1996-11-08 2000-02-29 Anchor Wall Systems, Inc. Splitting technique
US6082057A (en) 1996-11-08 2000-07-04 Anchor Wall Systems, Inc. Splitting technique
US5879603A (en) 1996-11-08 1999-03-09 Anchor Wall Systems, Inc. Process for producing masonry block with roughened surface
USD458693S1 (en) 1996-11-08 2002-06-11 Anchor Wall Systems, Inc. Retaining wall block
USD445512S1 (en) 1997-10-27 2001-07-24 Anchor Wall Systems, Inc. Retaining wall block
US6168354B1 (en) * 1999-05-14 2001-01-02 James S. Martin Retaining wall block having a locking shear key for residing between respective adjacent sides of like blocks in an adjacent upper or lower course
DE10206158B4 (de) * 2002-02-14 2015-09-10 Uni-International Bausysteme Gmbh + Co. Bodenbelagelement mit abgewinkelter Grundform und durchgehenden Öffnungen

Citations (7)

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US708470A (en) * 1902-02-26 1902-09-02 William L Weber Tile.
US928320A (en) * 1908-01-20 1909-07-20 Herbert C Moore Tile.
US1040117A (en) * 1911-12-29 1912-10-01 Edward T Bates Surface-covering.
US1379440A (en) * 1920-07-29 1921-05-24 Frank E Brainerd Paving-block
US2047882A (en) * 1936-02-25 1936-07-14 John E Mcpherson Masonry wall
US2662343A (en) * 1950-06-30 1953-12-15 Robert S Rice Pavement providing for plant growth
US3347048A (en) * 1965-09-27 1967-10-17 Coastal Res Corp Revetment block

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US708470A (en) * 1902-02-26 1902-09-02 William L Weber Tile.
US928320A (en) * 1908-01-20 1909-07-20 Herbert C Moore Tile.
US1040117A (en) * 1911-12-29 1912-10-01 Edward T Bates Surface-covering.
US1379440A (en) * 1920-07-29 1921-05-24 Frank E Brainerd Paving-block
US2047882A (en) * 1936-02-25 1936-07-14 John E Mcpherson Masonry wall
US2662343A (en) * 1950-06-30 1953-12-15 Robert S Rice Pavement providing for plant growth
US3347048A (en) * 1965-09-27 1967-10-17 Coastal Res Corp Revetment block

Cited By (69)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4067196A (en) * 1974-11-18 1978-01-10 Paul Schraudenbach Decorative stone
US4067197A (en) * 1975-11-26 1978-01-10 Paul Ritter Means for stabilizing soil
US4227829A (en) * 1978-11-29 1980-10-14 Landry Jr Kossuth J Soil erosion prevention blocks
US4326817A (en) * 1980-02-22 1982-04-27 Boiardi Mario J Paving stone and walkway formed therewith
WO1981003514A1 (en) * 1980-05-27 1981-12-10 K Landry Soil erosion prevention blocks
AT380042B (de) * 1980-06-02 1986-03-25 Knudsen Poul N Verkleidung zum schutz der abfallenden flaechen von straenden, ufern, fluessen oder kanaelen gegen erosion durch wellen und fliessendes wasser
WO1981003512A1 (en) * 1980-06-02 1981-12-10 P Knudsen A revetment for protecting the inclined surfaces of beaches,shores,rivers or channels,and of structures such as moles,dikes or channel walls,located in these places,against erosion by waves and flowing water
FR2488634A1 (fr) * 1980-08-12 1982-02-19 Kossuth Jean Blocs en vue d'empecher l'erosion du sol
US4370075A (en) * 1980-10-28 1983-01-25 Nicolon Corporation Revetment grids and mats
US4875803A (en) * 1988-07-18 1989-10-24 Scales Michael J Block-formed revetment system for controlling soil erosion
WO1990001088A1 (en) * 1988-07-18 1990-02-08 Scales Michael J Block-formed revetment system for controlling soil erosion
US4896996A (en) * 1989-01-23 1990-01-30 Mouton William J Wave actuated coastal erosion reversal system for shorelines
US4998844A (en) * 1989-01-23 1991-03-12 Charles C. Garvey, Jr. Wave actuated coastal erosion reversal system for shorelines
US5250340A (en) * 1990-08-31 1993-10-05 Bohnhoff William W Mat for stabilizing particulate materials
US5102048A (en) * 1990-08-31 1992-04-07 Bohnhoff William W Irrigation head support
US5123778A (en) * 1990-09-26 1992-06-23 Bohnhoff William W Method of paving
US5108219A (en) * 1990-12-14 1992-04-28 Hair Roberta A Interlocking paving stone
US5244303A (en) * 1990-12-14 1993-09-14 Hair Roberta A Interlocking paving stone
US5201843A (en) * 1992-02-11 1993-04-13 Hair Roberta A Interlocking paving stone for open drainage ground cover pattern
US5429451A (en) * 1993-04-30 1995-07-04 Pettee, Jr.; Gary K. Grid matrix system including interconnected revetment blocks
US5645369A (en) * 1993-12-08 1997-07-08 Geiger; Peter Plate-shaped paving stone, in particular made of concrete
US5988942A (en) * 1996-11-12 1999-11-23 Stewart Trustees Limited Erosion control system
USD415846S (en) * 1997-12-22 1999-10-26 Giuseppe Abbrancati Brick
US6739797B1 (en) * 1999-12-22 2004-05-25 Thomas W. Schneider Interlocking erosion control block with integral mold
US6857244B2 (en) 2000-06-07 2005-02-22 F. Von Langsdorff Licensing Limited Cast stone for fixing exterior traffic surfaces
US20030121229A1 (en) * 2000-06-07 2003-07-03 Michael Schmitz Cast stone for fixing exterior traffic surfaces
US6898906B2 (en) * 2000-09-27 2005-05-31 Andreas Drost Floor covering element consisting of artificial stone material and set of floor covering elements
US20040045248A1 (en) * 2000-09-27 2004-03-11 Andreas Drost Floor covering element consisting of artificial stone material and set of floor convering elements
US6508607B1 (en) 2000-12-21 2003-01-21 Lee A. Smith Erosion control block adapted for use with cellular concrete mattresses
US20050254894A1 (en) * 2001-02-05 2005-11-17 F. Von Langsdorff Licensing Limited Ground covering elements of artificial stone material
US6942420B1 (en) * 2001-02-05 2005-09-13 F. Von Langsdorff Licensing Limited Ground covering elements of artificial stone material
US7220078B2 (en) 2001-02-05 2007-05-22 F.Von Langsdorff Licensing Limited Ground covering elements of artificial stone material
US6558074B2 (en) 2001-07-19 2003-05-06 Jan Erik Jansson Assembly of revetments with crush-absorbing ribs
US6866446B2 (en) 2002-02-05 2005-03-15 Lee Masonry Products, Llc Revetment block and mat
US6863472B2 (en) 2002-06-11 2005-03-08 Jan Erik Jansson Revetment useful to line stream bed and assembly of said revetments
US6592292B1 (en) 2002-11-14 2003-07-15 Jan Erik Jansson Flexible bolt and assembly of concrete revetments employing same
US8888401B2 (en) 2003-03-24 2014-11-18 Keystone Retaining Wall Systems Llc Irregular tessellated building units
US9745742B2 (en) 2003-03-24 2017-08-29 Keystone Retaining Wall Systems Llc Irregular tessellated building units
US9428906B2 (en) 2003-03-24 2016-08-30 Keystone Retaining Wall Systems Llc Irregular tessellated building units
US8609215B2 (en) 2003-03-24 2013-12-17 Keystone Retaining Wall Systems Llc Irregular tessellated building units
US20050214077A1 (en) * 2004-03-25 2005-09-29 Dearmond Thomas H Jr Structure and method for supporting headstones and other stonelike objects
US7144201B2 (en) 2004-03-25 2006-12-05 Dearmond Jr Thomas H Structure and method for supporting headstones and other stonelike objects
US9193215B2 (en) 2004-10-25 2015-11-24 Oldcastle Building Products Canada, Inc. Artificial flagstone for providing a surface with a natural random look
US9534396B2 (en) 2004-10-25 2017-01-03 Oldcastle Building Products Canada, Inc. Artificial flagstone for providing a surface with a natural random look
US10240301B2 (en) 2004-10-25 2019-03-26 Oldcastle Building Products Canada, Inc. Artificial flagstone for providing a surface with a natural random look
US8967907B2 (en) 2004-10-25 2015-03-03 Oldcastle Building Products Canada, Inc. Artificial flagstone for providing a surface with a natural random look
US9677228B2 (en) 2004-10-25 2017-06-13 Oldcastle Building Products Canada Inc. Artificial flagstone for providing a surface with a natural random look
US8747019B2 (en) 2004-10-25 2014-06-10 Oldcastle Building Products Canada, Inc. Artificial flagstone for providing a surface with a natural random look
US7210876B2 (en) 2005-05-20 2007-05-01 National Diversified Sales, Inc. Rollable load bearing mat for turf areas
US20060263146A1 (en) * 2005-05-20 2006-11-23 National Diversified Sales, Inc. Rollable load bearing mat for turf areas
US9057197B2 (en) 2008-05-21 2015-06-16 Oldcastle Building Products Canada, Inc. Artificial stone
US20110180452A1 (en) * 2010-01-25 2011-07-28 Mattel, Inc. Display Assembly
US8726595B2 (en) * 2010-10-20 2014-05-20 Keystone Retaining Wall Systems Llc Irregular building units having mating sides
US8979420B2 (en) 2012-04-27 2015-03-17 National Diversified Sales, Inc. Marker for permeable paver
US9404226B2 (en) 2012-06-18 2016-08-02 Oldcastle Building Products Canada Inc. Dual-unit paving system
US10087585B2 (en) 2012-06-18 2018-10-02 Oldcastle Building Products Canada Inc. Dual-unit paving system
US9752288B2 (en) 2012-06-18 2017-09-05 Oldcastle Building Products Canada Inc. Dual-unit paving system
US10337152B2 (en) 2012-06-18 2019-07-02 Oldcastle Building Products Canada Inc. Dual-unit paving system
US9315950B2 (en) 2012-10-19 2016-04-19 Oldcastle Architectural, Inc. Paving stones
US10081918B2 (en) 2012-10-19 2018-09-25 Oldcastle Architectural, Inc. Paving stones
US9840813B2 (en) 2012-10-19 2017-12-12 Oldcastle Architectural, Inc. Paving stones
US10370859B2 (en) 2015-07-22 2019-08-06 Keystone Retaining Wall Systems Llc Patio blocks and block systems with side surface positioning and retaining structures
US10655340B2 (en) * 2015-07-22 2020-05-19 Keystone Retaining Wall Systems Llc Patio blocks and block systems with side surface positioning and retaining structures
US11060305B2 (en) 2015-07-22 2021-07-13 Keystone Retaining Wall Systems Llc Patio blocks and block systems with side surface positioning and retaining structures
US10494770B2 (en) 2015-11-17 2019-12-03 F. Von Langsdorff Licensing Limited Paving element having drainage channels and pavement system incorporating same
US10682786B2 (en) 2017-05-10 2020-06-16 Riccobene Designs Llc Articulating composite surface covering mat and method of making
US11413786B2 (en) 2017-05-10 2022-08-16 Riccobene Designs Llc Articulating composite surface covering mat and method of making
USD896995S1 (en) 2018-05-08 2020-09-22 Riccobene Designs Llc Set of pavers
USD951485S1 (en) 2020-04-02 2022-05-10 Riccobene Designs Llc Set of pavers

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE799240A (fr) 1973-08-31
ATA409873A (de) 1975-11-15
IE38416B1 (en) 1978-03-15
AT331292B (de) 1976-08-10
ES218724U (es) 1976-10-16
IE38416L (en) 1973-11-09
DE2323162A1 (de) 1973-11-29
ES218724Y (es) 1977-03-01
GB1385207A (en) 1975-02-26
FR2184323A5 (de) 1973-12-21

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