US3899892A - Steel cable anchor and method for withdrawing the same - Google Patents

Steel cable anchor and method for withdrawing the same Download PDF

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Publication number
US3899892A
US3899892A US430548A US43054874A US3899892A US 3899892 A US3899892 A US 3899892A US 430548 A US430548 A US 430548A US 43054874 A US43054874 A US 43054874A US 3899892 A US3899892 A US 3899892A
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Prior art keywords
cables
coated
steel
cable
individual
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Expired - Lifetime
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US430548A
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English (en)
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Hiroomi Yokota
Taizo Masuda
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Individual
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02DFOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/74Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
    • E02D5/76Anchorings for bulkheads or sections thereof in as much as specially adapted therefor
    • E02D5/765Anchorings for bulkheads or sections thereof in as much as specially adapted therefor removable
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T403/00Joints and connections
    • Y10T403/47Molded joint

Definitions

  • a steel cable anchor comprises a plurality of individual steel cables bundled together to form a steel cable anchor adapted to be embedded within the ground by being buried in a hole filled with a hardening material such as cement.
  • One or more of the individual steel cables have their surfaces coated with an anti-friction material.
  • the remaining individual steel cables have their surfaces free of such anti-friction material.
  • the method for withdrawing the steel cable anchor from its embedded position in the ground comprises the steps of first withdrawing one or more of the individual steel cables whose surfaces are coated with the anti-friction material and then withdrawing the remaining elemental steel cables whose surfaces are free of such anti-friction material.
  • This invention relates to steel cable anchors which are embedded within the ground to provide an anchor to which a structural member may be attached.
  • the present invention is more particularly concerned with a steel cable anchor which comprises a plurality of individual steel cables bundled together by binding wires, and to a method for removing such steel cable anchors from the ground when they are no longer required.
  • one aspect of the invention is particularly useful as it pertains to a method for use in removing a cable anchor which supports a breast wall or revetment and, more particularly, to a method for withdrawing, after use, the steel tension cable anchor from an elongated hole in the ground, in which hole the anchor was buried in a hardening material filling the hole.
  • the steel cable anchor may be withdrawn by applying a force thereto which is greater than the tensile strength of the cable anchor so that it is forcibly torn from the ground.
  • a heat producing charge such as a therrnite device, may be included in the construction of the steel cable anchor by being placed on a portion of the tension steel cable which is not covered with mortar or cement.
  • lt is accordingly a principal object of the present invention to provide a steel cable anchor structure and a method for withdrawing the same from the ground after use, which method requires less force than prior art methods, permits tensile force withdrawing of the cable anchor with much less force than that required by prior art withdrawal methods, which permits recovery of the entire cable anchor, and which does not require the use of incendiary charges.
  • a steel cable anchor comprising a plurality of individual steel cables bundled together and embedded into a hardening material, wherein at least one of the individual steel cables has an anti-friction material coated over its surface at least for substantially the effective length of the cable; the embedded steel anchor cable, after use, is withdrawn from the ground by first withdrawing one or more individual steel cables which have an anti-friction coating on about their respective surfaces for at least the effective length thereof, by applying a tensile force thereto sufficient to withdraw such coated cable or cables, thereby loosening the remaining cables, and thereafter applying a tensile force to the remaining (uncoated) cables sufficient to withdraw such uncoated cables.
  • the individual steel cables are bundled together by a plurality of binding wires fastened about the circumference of the steel cable anchor.
  • a fixing unit is affixed to the exposed end of the embedded steel cable anchor unit by being attached to those of the individual steel cables which do not contain antifriction coating on their surface, and those cables which contain anti-friction coating about their surfaces are passed through or around the fixing unit but are not affixed thereto.
  • the ends of the uncoated cables only are affixed to the structure or element to be supported by the steel cable anchor, the corresponding ends of the cables coated with antifriction material being left free.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a steel cable anchor in accordance with the invention supporting a revetment
  • FIG. 2 is a lengthwise view of tension cables forming a steel cable anchor, showing one embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of H6. 2, taken along the line 3-3;
  • FIGS. 4 through FIG. 8 are cross-sectional views corresponding to that of FIG. 3, of tension cables comprising other embodiments of the invention, having various combinations of elemental steel cables.
  • a hole of a given length and diameter is formed in the ground by any suitable boring or driving technique, and then a bundle 1 of tension steel cables 4 is inserted therein. Thereafter, the hole is filled with a suitable hardening material 2, such as cement mortar, concrete or the like. Bundle 1 of tension steel cables 4 is thus buried in the hardening material 2 within the said hole, with one end of bundle 1 being secured to the revetment 3 to prevent it from leaning or falling to one side under pressure of the earth it is retaining.
  • a suitable hardening material 2 such as cement mortar, concrete or the like.
  • Bundle 1 consists of a plurality of elemental steel cables 4 composed of strand steel wires or wire ropes, and at least one of the elemental steel cables 4 is coated with an anti-friction material 5 over its surface for substantially the effective portion thereof.
  • the effective portion or effective length of the cable is that segment of the length of the steel cable contained within hardening material 2 to form a part of the steel cable anchor means.
  • anti-friction material which may be employed in the present invention are greases in general, such as lubricating greases, petrolatums and petroleum jellies, such as that sold under the trademark Vaseline, hydrocarbon greases in general, vegetable oils, mineral lubricants, water glass, coal tar, asphalt, viscous material such as polymeric or macromolecular materials of any suitable kind, talcum powder, soft synthetic resin coatings, etc.
  • any lubricating material such as any suitable oil, grease or jelly or any finely powdered lubricating type powder such as talcum powder, which will reduce the frictional resistance of withdrawing a single steel cable which is squeezed against other like steel cables with which it is bundled under pressure, is suitable for use as an anti-friction material in accordance with the present invention.
  • a synthetic resin tape, a paper tape, or the like may thereafter be wound around the elemental steel cable coated with the anti-friction material, for preventing adhesion of the anti-friction material to hands, removal of the anti-friction material from the cable or mixing of the anti-friction material with the concrete.
  • a protective covering may be applied over the antifriction material.
  • the individual steel cable 4 with anti'friction material 5 coated thereon is bundled, by using binding wires 6, together with the other individual steel cables 4 having no friction material thereon, in a manner that the latter (uncoated) cables surround the coated cable.
  • bundles l are made in the known manner by arranging individual cables of selected length in lengthwise, parallel arrangement. Binding wires 6 are then secured about the circumference of the bundled cables at selected intervals along their length.
  • FIGS. 3 to 8 show examples of other embodiments of the invention, wherein two individual steel cables 4 having anti-friction material 5 coated thereon are combined in use with one to seven elemental steel cables 4 having no anti-friction material thereon. In this respect, in case still more steel cables are combined therewith, then the cables 4 which have anti-friction material 5 coated thereon will be increased in number.
  • a fixing unit 7 may be employed to fasten revetment 3 to the bundle l of cables forming the core of the steel cable anchor.
  • Such fixing units being well known and conventional in the art, are not further described in detail herein but it suffices to say that the fixing unit provides a cap-like fixture with means therein to permit it to be affixed to the other ends of steel cables 4 so that the fixing unit bears against revetment 3 to fasten revetment 3 to the cable anchor proper, so that the cable anchor takes up the force of the earth, sand, etc. bearing against revetment 3.
  • the individual steel cables 4 having anti-friction material 5 thereon are not affixed to fixing unit 7, but only those cables which do not contain antifriction material disposed over their surfaces are attached to the fixing unit 7.
  • the cable anchor may be removed. This is accomplished in accordance with the invention, by first applying tension to the exposed ends of the steel cables 4 having antifriction material 5 thereon in order to withdraw such cable or cables from the bundle of cables.
  • cables coated with anti-friction material are so positioned that upon their removal from the bundle, one or more non-coated cables are loosened by having a free space form immediately adjacent thereto. Such loosening of course facilitates the removal, by application of tensile forces, of the loosened, noncoated cables.
  • every cable in the bundle will either be in contact with a cable coated with anti-friction material, or in contact with a non-coated cable which is in contact with a coated cable.
  • no non-coated cable will have more than one noncoated cable between it and a cable coated with antifriction material.
  • the ground was bored by using a drill casing of five inches (13cm) in diameter.
  • seven steel cables bundled together as illustrated in FIG. 3 were inserted, and the hole was then filled with concrete to provide a firmly fixed cable anchor.
  • the effective length of the tension steel cables was about 390 inches (m) and the noneffective length (outside the concrete) thereof was about 156 inches (4m).
  • the bundle of steel cables was prepared from strand steel individual cables of about 0.488 inches (12.4mm) diameter. Grease was applied to the circumferential surfaces of the effective length portions of two of the strand steel cables included in the bundle, and a vinyl tape was then wound around the greased portion of the cables. Five more cables, without any antifriction material or vinyl tape thereon were included in the bundle, which was bound together by binding wires with the cables arranged, as aforesaid, as illustrated in FIG. 3, items 5 being the anti-friction coatings.
  • the same cable anchor is removed as follows.
  • the two strand steel cables having the antifriction material coated thereon were withdrawan at the same time by applying a force of 1.8 tons thereto.
  • the un-coated strand steel cables which had been in contact with the aforesaid withdrawn coated steel cables were then subjected to a tension force of 6.1 tons exerted by a hydraulic jack in order to separate them from the hardened concrete.
  • the two steel cables were withdrawn manually and simulta neously.
  • the other two steel cables which had been in contact with the aforesaid withdrawn steel cables were withdrawn, followed by the remaining one steel cable.
  • a method of assemblying a steel tension cable anchor comprising coating the surface of at least one individual steel cable with anti-friction material along a length thereof,

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
US430548A 1973-02-08 1974-01-03 Steel cable anchor and method for withdrawing the same Expired - Lifetime US3899892A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP1603273 1973-02-08

Publications (1)

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US3899892A true US3899892A (en) 1975-08-19

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Country Status (9)

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US (1) US3899892A (xx)
AT (1) AT327106B (xx)
BE (1) BE810688A (xx)
CH (1) CH583828A5 (xx)
FR (1) FR2217968A5 (xx)
GB (1) GB1433066A (xx)
IT (1) IT1028542B (xx)
LU (1) LU69348A1 (xx)
NL (1) NL156775B (xx)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS52113006A (en) * 1976-03-18 1977-09-21 Nitto Electric Ind Co Method of fixing and recovering lanyard for reatining anchor
US4069677A (en) * 1975-06-20 1978-01-24 Kabushiki Kaisha Nitto Tekuno Group Anchor and method for constructing same
US4094117A (en) * 1975-11-26 1978-06-13 Ing. Giovanni Rodio & C. Impresa Costruzioni Speciali S.P.A. Method and tie bar for the formation of anchorages
US4163360A (en) * 1975-04-08 1979-08-07 Kabushiki Kaisha Daini Seikosha Timer device
DE4028067A1 (de) * 1989-09-08 1991-03-28 Vorspann Technik Gmbh Spannglied
US5603589A (en) * 1994-09-09 1997-02-18 Dyckerhoff & Widmann Aktiengesellschaft Method for manufacturing an anchor element for a soil anchor for a rock anchor, rock bolt or the like, from a strand of twisted steel wire
US5857641A (en) * 1997-06-03 1999-01-12 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Winding core having integral entangling mechanism
EP0893551A2 (de) * 1997-07-25 1999-01-27 Drahtwerk Köln GmbH Verfahren zum Herstellen und zum Entfernen einer Litze mit Soll-Bruchstelle
US6039509A (en) * 1991-09-25 2000-03-21 F. M. Locotos Equipment & Design Co. Mine roof support apparatus and method
US6176638B1 (en) * 1995-02-14 2001-01-23 Roger C. Kellison Chemically bonded anchor systems
US20090000227A1 (en) * 2007-06-28 2009-01-01 Nordex Energy Gmbh Wind energy plant tower

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2423591A1 (fr) * 1978-04-18 1979-11-16 Sif Entreprise Bachy Ameliorations a la realisation de tirants ancres
DE3039080C2 (de) * 1980-10-16 1985-03-07 Dyckerhoff & Widmann AG, 8000 München Ausbaubares, mehrteiliges Zugglied für einen Verpreßanker
DE3431211A1 (de) * 1984-08-24 1986-03-06 Stump Bohr Gmbh, 8045 Ismaning Mehrstahlanker

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2431104A (en) * 1946-03-25 1947-11-18 Bright Elizabeth Borda Metal tie
US3060640A (en) * 1959-06-11 1962-10-30 Span Tendons Ltd Cables for prestressing concrete
US3114987A (en) * 1959-06-11 1963-12-24 Span Tendons Ltd Cables for prestressing concrete
US3299644A (en) * 1965-08-27 1967-01-24 Spencer White And Prentis Inc Underpinning system and method of constructing same
US3347005A (en) * 1965-02-09 1967-10-17 Cf & I Steel Corp Prestressed concrete members
US3579931A (en) * 1969-09-18 1971-05-25 Du Pont Method for post-tensioning tendons
US3753354A (en) * 1971-01-12 1973-08-21 K Bauer Corrosion-protected anchoring rods for anchoring structural parts in the earth, as well as method of producing anchorings with corrosion-protected anchor rods

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1473164A (xx) * 1967-06-01
DE2041526C3 (de) * 1970-08-21 1980-06-04 Dyckerhoff & Widmann Ag, 8000 Muenchen Zugglied für einen Verpreßanker
FR2141436B1 (xx) * 1971-06-02 1973-06-29 Sif Entreprise Bachy

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2431104A (en) * 1946-03-25 1947-11-18 Bright Elizabeth Borda Metal tie
US3060640A (en) * 1959-06-11 1962-10-30 Span Tendons Ltd Cables for prestressing concrete
US3114987A (en) * 1959-06-11 1963-12-24 Span Tendons Ltd Cables for prestressing concrete
US3347005A (en) * 1965-02-09 1967-10-17 Cf & I Steel Corp Prestressed concrete members
US3299644A (en) * 1965-08-27 1967-01-24 Spencer White And Prentis Inc Underpinning system and method of constructing same
US3579931A (en) * 1969-09-18 1971-05-25 Du Pont Method for post-tensioning tendons
US3753354A (en) * 1971-01-12 1973-08-21 K Bauer Corrosion-protected anchoring rods for anchoring structural parts in the earth, as well as method of producing anchorings with corrosion-protected anchor rods

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4163360A (en) * 1975-04-08 1979-08-07 Kabushiki Kaisha Daini Seikosha Timer device
US4069677A (en) * 1975-06-20 1978-01-24 Kabushiki Kaisha Nitto Tekuno Group Anchor and method for constructing same
US4094117A (en) * 1975-11-26 1978-06-13 Ing. Giovanni Rodio & C. Impresa Costruzioni Speciali S.P.A. Method and tie bar for the formation of anchorages
JPS52113006A (en) * 1976-03-18 1977-09-21 Nitto Electric Ind Co Method of fixing and recovering lanyard for reatining anchor
DE4028067A1 (de) * 1989-09-08 1991-03-28 Vorspann Technik Gmbh Spannglied
US6039509A (en) * 1991-09-25 2000-03-21 F. M. Locotos Equipment & Design Co. Mine roof support apparatus and method
US5603589A (en) * 1994-09-09 1997-02-18 Dyckerhoff & Widmann Aktiengesellschaft Method for manufacturing an anchor element for a soil anchor for a rock anchor, rock bolt or the like, from a strand of twisted steel wire
US6176638B1 (en) * 1995-02-14 2001-01-23 Roger C. Kellison Chemically bonded anchor systems
US5857641A (en) * 1997-06-03 1999-01-12 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Winding core having integral entangling mechanism
EP0893551A3 (de) * 1997-07-25 2000-06-07 Drahtwerk Köln GmbH Verfahren zum Herstellen und zum Entfernen einer Litze mit Soll-Bruchstelle
EP0893551A2 (de) * 1997-07-25 1999-01-27 Drahtwerk Köln GmbH Verfahren zum Herstellen und zum Entfernen einer Litze mit Soll-Bruchstelle
US20090000227A1 (en) * 2007-06-28 2009-01-01 Nordex Energy Gmbh Wind energy plant tower
US7694473B2 (en) * 2007-06-28 2010-04-13 Nordex Energy Gmbh Wind energy plant tower

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL7401672A (xx) 1974-08-12
NL156775B (nl) 1978-05-16
ATA74074A (de) 1975-03-15
FR2217968A5 (xx) 1974-09-06
LU69348A1 (xx) 1974-05-17
AU6469274A (en) 1975-07-24
DE2360622B2 (de) 1975-05-28
BE810688A (fr) 1974-05-29
CH583828A5 (xx) 1977-01-14
GB1433066A (en) 1976-04-22
AT327106B (de) 1976-01-12
DE2360622A1 (de) 1974-08-15
IT1028542B (it) 1979-02-10

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