US3864921A - Method and apparatus for lining the walls of excavations - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for lining the walls of excavations Download PDF

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Publication number
US3864921A
US3864921A US338256A US33825673A US3864921A US 3864921 A US3864921 A US 3864921A US 338256 A US338256 A US 338256A US 33825673 A US33825673 A US 33825673A US 3864921 A US3864921 A US 3864921A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
walls
supporting
side walls
open trench
trench
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Expired - Lifetime
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US338256A
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English (en)
Inventor
Karl Marx
Zacharias Sandbrand-Nisipeanu
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SANDBRAND NISIPEANU ZACHARIAS
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SANDBRAND NISIPEANU ZACHARIAS
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Publication of US3864921A publication Critical patent/US3864921A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
    • E02D17/06—Foundation trenches ditches or narrow shafts
    • E02D17/08—Bordering or stiffening the sides of ditches trenches or narrow shafts for foundations

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for the lining of excavations in particular pipe trenches dug out of the ground by supporting their wall faces bymeans of rigid supporting walls and lining of the space between the outer face of the supporting walls and the associated wall face of the excavation with a resilient material and an apparatus for the carrying out of this method with two supporting walls placed by means of supporting devices against opposite wall faces.
  • the invention is based on the problem of providing a method and an apparatus whereby rapidly an absolutely secure support of the wall faces of the excavation even with soils in which the use of the known lining devices is eliminated (now binding soils with course deposits) is possible. According to the invention this is achieved by a method of the above-mentioned type in that the space between the supporting wall and the wall face is filled by means of pressure gas compressed in a resilient envelope.
  • the excavation wall face before the application of the pressure gas can be sprayed with means stabilizing the end face.
  • the excavation wall face may alsobefore the introduction of the lining device be'cov-- ered with a foil and in fact according to the quality of the soil and work conditions additionally for the sprayingon of stabilizing means or without this.
  • An apparatus for the carrying out of this method with supporting walls fixed by means of supporting devices against the wall faces of the excavation is characterised in that on the outer faces of the supporting walls are inflatable resilient envelope is arranged.
  • the walls may for example, in known manner (German Specification laid open to inspection No. ll23988) consist of frames which however in contradiction to this are filled not with mesh wire but with statically carrying grating grill whereby the size of the squares due to the overbridging effect of the inflatable envelope can be determined not according to the size of the grain of the soil but according to the load capacity of the envelope.
  • a weight and cost saving construction is possible.
  • the lining devices can be placed next to one another or on one another in a building box manner.
  • the inflatable resilient envelope is preferably an air mattress-like inflatable cushion so that this cushion may consist of a plurality of chambers connected to one another and separated by cross pieces in order with inflatability to great thickness to achieve a sufficient stability.
  • step or apparatus may be used with two rollers lying opposite which at the free ends of links linked to a guide rod are rotatably mounted which by means of a spring are spread apart against the walls of the trench.
  • FIG. I shows a cross section through a trench with an apparatus according to the invention for the supporting of the walls
  • FIG. 2 shows a view of a supporting wall according to the invention.
  • FIG. 3 shows diagrammatically an apparatus for the covering of the walls of the trench which foil.
  • the apparatus shown in FIG. 1 consists of two opposite supporting walls I which consist of a. frame filled in with a grating 2.
  • the supporting walls I are fixed by telescopic struts 3 against the wall faces of the trench whereby the telescopic struts 3 are fixed in the desired relative position to one another by means of a locking device, for example, pins 4 inserted in the corresponding cross bores.
  • supports la are provided in which supporting walls placed thereover and adjacent are inserted in order to give coherence.
  • the supporting walls can be connected to one another by means, for example, clamping closures, not shown.
  • air mattresslike envelopes 5 are mounted, for example, by means of belts, not shown, which upon insertion of the supporting walls I are not inflated.
  • the envelopes'S are inflated, for example by means of pressure air to press their outerside against the wall faces of the trench independently of its shape. Due to the mutual supporting by the struts 3 in addition a pressing pressure independent of the inflation pressure is exercised against the two opposite trench walls.
  • the air mattress 5 consists of individual chambers 5a which are separated from one another by cross pieces 511 but are connected pneumatically to one another. It is of advantage to make the air mattress 5 of transparent material for observation of the behavior of the earth walls.
  • envelopes which are provided with a permanent resilient filling (for example, foamed rubber). In this case, however, the cross struts are made capable of being spaced apart is the excavation according to the known method.
  • FIG. 3 shows a cross section of a trench on the side walls of which foil 6 is placed.
  • an apparatus illustrated which has rollers 7 the surface of which is provided with a waffle-like or indented profile.
  • the rollers 7 may also consist of resilient material and be inflatable like pneumatic tyres.
  • the rollers 7 are rotatably mounted on the face ends of links which are linked at their other ends on a guide rod 9 on a common pivot point 11.
  • the links 10 are tensioned by means of a spring arrangement, for example, a compression spring 8 apart from one another, that is, against the wall faces-
  • the foil 6 is rolledalong the walls of the trench and by pressure through the apparatus according to FIG. 3 is fixed on the wall such that it adheres until insertion of the lining apparatus according to FIG. 1.
  • the wall faces of the trench before the application of the foil may be sprayed with a stabilizing means, for example, cement, bitumen emulsion or the like.
  • a stabilizing means for example, cement, bitumen emulsion or the like.
  • This support may under certain circumstances suffice so that the covering with foil is not necessary.
  • a method for lining generally planar side walls of an open trench excavated within a ground surface for supporting the side walls of the trench comprising the steps of: 1

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Tents Or Canopies (AREA)
  • Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)
US338256A 1972-03-07 1973-03-05 Method and apparatus for lining the walls of excavations Expired - Lifetime US3864921A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2210988A DE2210988C3 (de) 1972-03-07 1972-03-07 Vorrichtung zum Verbauen von Baugräben

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3864921A true US3864921A (en) 1975-02-11

Family

ID=5838200

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US338256A Expired - Lifetime US3864921A (en) 1972-03-07 1973-03-05 Method and apparatus for lining the walls of excavations

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3864921A (enEXAMPLES)
DE (1) DE2210988C3 (enEXAMPLES)
FR (1) FR2175488A5 (enEXAMPLES)
GB (1) GB1396028A (enEXAMPLES)
IT (1) IT996066B (enEXAMPLES)
RO (1) RO61569A (enEXAMPLES)

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4044564A (en) * 1976-02-09 1977-08-30 Griswold James L Trench shoring assembly with corner guard accessory
US4056938A (en) * 1976-02-09 1977-11-08 Griswold James L Trench shoring assembly with rigid main frame support
DE3432706A1 (de) * 1984-09-06 1986-03-13 Ed. Züblin AG, 7000 Stuttgart Verfahren zum nachtraeglichen einbringen einer zusaetzlichen abdichtung in schlitzwaenden und vorrichtung zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens
US4697955A (en) * 1982-07-30 1987-10-06 Le Clerco Pierre A L M G Method of constructing reinforced concrete works such as underground galleries, road tunnels, et cetera; pre-fabricated contrete elements for constructing such works
US5259705A (en) * 1989-08-25 1993-11-09 Breaux Louis B Guide box assembly system for in-ground barrier installation
US5354149A (en) * 1989-08-25 1994-10-11 Barrier Member Containment Corp. In-ground barrier system with pass-through
US5360293A (en) * 1989-08-25 1994-11-01 Barrier Member Containment Corporation In-ground barrier member interlocking joint and seal system
GB2386622A (en) * 2002-03-19 2003-09-24 Shoring And Safety Direct Ltd Support strut for a trench box
US20040005197A1 (en) * 2000-04-05 2004-01-08 Maksim Kadiu Shoring device
US20040170478A1 (en) * 2000-04-05 2004-09-02 Max Kadiu Shoring system
US20050074300A1 (en) * 2003-10-03 2005-04-07 Max Kadiu Trench shoring device
ES2258408A1 (es) * 2005-03-14 2006-08-16 Catalana D'innovacions Per La Construccio, S.L. Procedimiento y dispositivo para la realizacion de excavaciones de forma general paralelepipedica.
FR2945555A1 (fr) * 2009-05-13 2010-11-19 Eaux Du Nord Sen Soc D Dispositif de protection pour excavation, plus particulierement un coussin anti eboulement
US11174730B2 (en) * 2019-01-08 2021-11-16 Southwest Jiaotong University Frost-resistant assembled initial support structure of tunnel and construction method thereof

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2943038A1 (de) * 1979-10-25 1981-05-07 Josef 5138 Heinsberg Krings Verbauplatte fuer eine kanalverbauvorrichtung
GB2495988A (en) 2011-10-28 2013-05-01 Perry Williamson Expanding support for an excavation

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2674206A (en) * 1948-09-27 1954-04-06 Tote Engineering Inc Shoring construction
US3204415A (en) * 1963-05-31 1965-09-07 Jr Thomas B Hill Self-propelled and self-levelling open trench caisson
US3396545A (en) * 1965-04-07 1968-08-13 Tech Inc Const Method of forming concrete bodies
US3470699A (en) * 1968-05-16 1969-10-07 Andrew J Cox Safety device for trenches and the like
US3509725A (en) * 1968-08-12 1970-05-05 Harry Schnabel Jr Method and structure for reinforcing tunnels
US3514151A (en) * 1966-11-24 1970-05-26 Porsche Kg Transport vehicle
US3603099A (en) * 1968-01-22 1971-09-07 Przed Specjalistyczne Gornictw Process of making intraground waterproof baffles and a device therefor
US3614868A (en) * 1968-07-17 1971-10-26 Takenaka Komuten Co Method for stabilizing an excavated trench by stabilization of asbestos suspension
US3731493A (en) * 1971-04-26 1973-05-08 Archer W Gary Water repellent sand
US3750407A (en) * 1970-06-12 1973-08-07 W Heierli Tunnel construction method

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1059359B (de) * 1956-02-07 1959-06-11 Josef Zuercher Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Absteifen von fortschreitend, etwa durch Bagger ausgehobenen Baugruben
DE1634251A1 (de) * 1965-08-06 1970-07-16 Artur Bader Vorrichtung zum Abstuetzen der Waende von Graeben waehrend des Verlegens von Kanalisationsrohren od.dgl.
GB1212764A (en) * 1968-03-06 1970-11-18 Rolls Royce Vehicle with braking system employing apparatus for indicating changes in angular velocity

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2674206A (en) * 1948-09-27 1954-04-06 Tote Engineering Inc Shoring construction
US3204415A (en) * 1963-05-31 1965-09-07 Jr Thomas B Hill Self-propelled and self-levelling open trench caisson
US3396545A (en) * 1965-04-07 1968-08-13 Tech Inc Const Method of forming concrete bodies
US3514151A (en) * 1966-11-24 1970-05-26 Porsche Kg Transport vehicle
US3603099A (en) * 1968-01-22 1971-09-07 Przed Specjalistyczne Gornictw Process of making intraground waterproof baffles and a device therefor
US3470699A (en) * 1968-05-16 1969-10-07 Andrew J Cox Safety device for trenches and the like
US3614868A (en) * 1968-07-17 1971-10-26 Takenaka Komuten Co Method for stabilizing an excavated trench by stabilization of asbestos suspension
US3509725A (en) * 1968-08-12 1970-05-05 Harry Schnabel Jr Method and structure for reinforcing tunnels
US3750407A (en) * 1970-06-12 1973-08-07 W Heierli Tunnel construction method
US3731493A (en) * 1971-04-26 1973-05-08 Archer W Gary Water repellent sand

Cited By (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4044564A (en) * 1976-02-09 1977-08-30 Griswold James L Trench shoring assembly with corner guard accessory
US4056938A (en) * 1976-02-09 1977-11-08 Griswold James L Trench shoring assembly with rigid main frame support
US4697955A (en) * 1982-07-30 1987-10-06 Le Clerco Pierre A L M G Method of constructing reinforced concrete works such as underground galleries, road tunnels, et cetera; pre-fabricated contrete elements for constructing such works
DE3432706A1 (de) * 1984-09-06 1986-03-13 Ed. Züblin AG, 7000 Stuttgart Verfahren zum nachtraeglichen einbringen einer zusaetzlichen abdichtung in schlitzwaenden und vorrichtung zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens
US5259705A (en) * 1989-08-25 1993-11-09 Breaux Louis B Guide box assembly system for in-ground barrier installation
US5354149A (en) * 1989-08-25 1994-10-11 Barrier Member Containment Corp. In-ground barrier system with pass-through
US5360293A (en) * 1989-08-25 1994-11-01 Barrier Member Containment Corporation In-ground barrier member interlocking joint and seal system
US6821057B1 (en) 2000-04-05 2004-11-23 Maksim Kadiu Magnetic shoring device
US7309191B2 (en) 2000-04-05 2007-12-18 Max Kadiu Shoring system
US20040170478A1 (en) * 2000-04-05 2004-09-02 Max Kadiu Shoring system
US20040005197A1 (en) * 2000-04-05 2004-01-08 Maksim Kadiu Shoring device
US7048471B2 (en) 2000-04-05 2006-05-23 Maksim Kadiu Shoring device
GB2386622A (en) * 2002-03-19 2003-09-24 Shoring And Safety Direct Ltd Support strut for a trench box
US20050074300A1 (en) * 2003-10-03 2005-04-07 Max Kadiu Trench shoring device
US7056067B2 (en) 2003-10-03 2006-06-06 Max Kadiu Trench shoring device
ES2258408A1 (es) * 2005-03-14 2006-08-16 Catalana D'innovacions Per La Construccio, S.L. Procedimiento y dispositivo para la realizacion de excavaciones de forma general paralelepipedica.
WO2006100325A3 (es) * 2005-03-14 2006-11-23 Catalana D Innovacions Per La Procedimiento y dispositivo para la realización de excavaciones de forma general paralelepipédica
ES2258408B1 (es) * 2005-03-14 2007-11-16 Catalana D'innovacions Per La Construccio, S.L. Procedimiento y dispositivo para la realizacion de excavaciones de forma general paralelepipedica.
FR2945555A1 (fr) * 2009-05-13 2010-11-19 Eaux Du Nord Sen Soc D Dispositif de protection pour excavation, plus particulierement un coussin anti eboulement
EP2256252A1 (fr) * 2009-05-13 2010-12-01 Société des Eaux du Nord -S.E.N. Dispositif de protection pour excavation, plus particulièrement un coussin anti éboulement
FR3025535A1 (fr) * 2009-05-13 2016-03-11 Musthane Ensemble de dispositifs de protection pour excavation
US11174730B2 (en) * 2019-01-08 2021-11-16 Southwest Jiaotong University Frost-resistant assembled initial support structure of tunnel and construction method thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2210988B2 (de) 1981-01-29
DE2210988C3 (de) 1981-10-22
FR2175488A5 (enEXAMPLES) 1973-10-19
IT996066B (it) 1975-12-10
DE2210988A1 (de) 1973-09-13
RO61569A (enEXAMPLES) 1977-06-15
GB1396028A (en) 1975-05-29

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