US3832514A - Device for local electric-spark layering of metals and alloys by means of rotating electrode - Google Patents

Device for local electric-spark layering of metals and alloys by means of rotating electrode Download PDF

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Publication number
US3832514A
US3832514A US00309900A US30990072A US3832514A US 3832514 A US3832514 A US 3832514A US 00309900 A US00309900 A US 00309900A US 30990072 A US30990072 A US 30990072A US 3832514 A US3832514 A US 3832514A
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Prior art keywords
layering
electrode
coupled
spark
metals
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US00309900A
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English (en)
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B Antonov
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DSO IZOT
Isot DSO
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Isot DSO
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
    • B23H7/00—Processes or apparatus applicable to both electrical discharge machining and electrochemical machining
    • B23H7/26—Apparatus for moving or positioning electrode relatively to workpiece; Mounting of electrode
    • B23H7/28—Moving electrode in a plane normal to the feed direction, e.g. orbiting

Definitions

  • a device for accomplishing this method is also provided.
  • the present invention relates to a method and a device for local electric-spark layering of metals and alloys by means of a rotating electrode.
  • Some methods are known for electric-spark layering of metals and alloys upon contact and layering on other surfaces by means of a electrode vibrating perpendicularly to the surface and moving on it.
  • the coatings obtained according to the aforementioned methods lack uniform thickness, and suffer from the limitation of the layered area and a sufficient density.
  • the results obtained are not reproducible and depend to a great extent to'the skill of the operator. Accordingly, these methods are generally unsuited for uniform coatings on local areas which is necessary, for example, in the fields of electronics and radio engineering, which make use of relatively expensive manual devices.
  • the coating is layered by means of the butt of the layering electrode, which is rodshape and having a diameter of less than 2 mm. This is accomplished by rotating the butt around its axis, supported at an optimal distance from the layered portion in function of the disruptive voltage and the current.
  • the electrical impulses are of about 15 to about 600 volts (idle running) with a duration of l to microseconds.
  • the motion of the electrode must be planetary of controllable speed and radius. In this case, it may be necessary that the layered portion must be moved planary.
  • the device for the implementation of the method of the invention contains a layering electrode, the layered portion, a generator for current impulses, a current supplying device, and an electromotor for the rotation of the layering electrode.
  • the layering electrode is rodshaped and under 2 mm of diameter, and is fastened to the layering head and rotated around its axis by an incorporated electromotor in the said head, which is moved with the head axially by means of a following up system. This assures an optimal distance between the butt (contact point) of the layering electrode and the fastened on the table layered portion. Both are supplied by the electrical impulses generator.
  • the generator of the electrical impulses should be connected with the layering electrode by means of a mercury current supplying device and the electrical impulses should be of controllable paramaters: idle running voltage from 15 to 600 Volts and the duration of the impulses from I to 10 microsec.
  • the device should posses a mechanism ensuring a planetary motion of the rotating and layering electrode with controllable speed and radius to obtain coatings with a width larger than the diameter of the layering electrode or for obtaining ringshaped and other coatings.
  • the layering device must be equipped with a mechanism for planar moving of the table and the layered detail fastened on it by a programming facility.
  • the method and the device of the invention for electric-spark layering of metals and alloys ensures the obtaining of local high quality dense coatings in a programming cycle and automatic maintenance of the optimal technological parameters of the regime and high productivity.
  • FIG. 1 represents the principles of the local electricspark layering according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 represents the principles of the local electricspark layering by means of a rotating and planetary moving layering electrode at a radius of the planetary motion equal to the radius of the electrode;
  • FIG. 3 represents the principles of the local electricspark layering of ringshaped coatings by means of the rotating and planetary moving layering electrode at a radius of the planetary motion larger than the radius of the layering electrode;
  • FIG. 4 represents the principles of the local electricspark layering of coatings, with a width multiply exceeding the diameter of the layering electrode.
  • FIG. 5 represents the block diagram of the device for local electric-spark layering of metals and alloys by means of a rotating electrode
  • FIG. 6 represents the schematic representation of the layering head with the incorporated in it mechanism of the planetary motion of the layering electrode
  • FIG. 7 represents the schematic representation of a second version of the mechanism of the planetary motion of the layering electrode.
  • FIG. 1 shows that the layering rodshaped electrode 1 made by the layered .metal or alloy performs rotational movement around its axis and its butt (contact point) is at a definite distance from the surface of the detail (part) 2.
  • the electrical impulse generator 4 supplies the layering electrode 1 and the layered detail 2 and as a result of the electric-spark layering on the surface of the latter (the detail) a local coating is formed with a form of a round platform 3, and dimensions quite near to the diameter of the layering electrode 1.
  • FIG. 2 shows the principle of the local electric-spark layering according to the invention, by means of a electrode rotating around its axis and planetary moving 1, at a radius of the planetary motion equal to the radius of the layering electrode 1.
  • the platform shaped coating 3 is fo a diameter equal twice the diameter of the layering electrode 1.
  • FIG. 3 shows the principle of the local electric-spark layering of coatings by means of a rotating around its axis and planetary moving layering electrode 1, with a radius of the planetary motion larger than the radius of the layering electrode, at which conditions the coating 3 has a form of ringshaped band.
  • FIG. 4 shows the principle of the local electric-spark layering of a coating, according to the invention, the width of which (the coating) substantially exceeding the diameter of the layering electrode 1, and possessing a desirable shape, obtained combining the planetary motion of the rotating layering electrode 1 and the planary displacement of the layered detail 2 by the programming facility 15 with the servomechanisms 5 and 6.
  • FIG. 5 shows the block diagram of the electric-spark layering device with the rotating layering electrode, according to the invention, which (the device) consists of a layering head body 7, in which on ball guidance leads axially the layering head 8, upon which is fastened the electromotor 12, to which is clamped the layering rodshaped electrode 1 made by the layered metal or alloy. On the table 16 is fastened the layered portion 2.
  • the layering head 8 is displaced vertically by means of the electromotor 10 and the gear mechanism 11, both guided by an electronic following up system, in such a manner that between the surface of the layered detail and the butt of the layering electrode a definite optimal gap (clearance) is maintained.
  • the speed of the electromotor 12 is controlled by means of the device 13 in dependence of the dimensions (size) of the layering electrode 1.
  • the electrical impulse generator 4 is coupled to the mercury current supplying device 14 and the table 16 upon which is fastened the layered portion 2.
  • the programming facility 15 and the servomechanisms 5 and 6 the table 16 and the fastened on it detail 2 is displaced and planary turned.
  • FIG. 6 shows one of the possible versions of the device for planetary displacement of the layering electrode 1, incorporated in the layering head. From the figure it appears that it (the device) contains a controllable electromotor 17 with a gear mechanism 18, under which (the gear mechanism) is disposed a handle carrier (clamp) with a radial (block) bearing 19, and on the shaft (axle) of the gear mechanism 18 is fastened an inverted cup 20, in which on guidances is fastened a tail piece (shank) 22 connected to the adjusting screw 21.
  • the tail piece (shank) 22 is carrying the electromotor 12 with the layering electrode 1.
  • FIG. 7 shows another version of the device for planetary motion of the layering electrode 1. From the figure it appears that the device contains a controllable motor 23 with a gear mechanism 24, both disposed under the table 16 with the layered detail 2. Above the gear mechanism 24, on the shaft is fastened the framework 25, in which is disposed the body 26 with the finger 27, which axis coincides with the axis of the layering electrode 1, and the said body is led on guidances in the framework and is fixed by a screw 28.
  • the horizontally disposed connecting rod 29, carrying the body 7 of the layering head 8 is connected through a bearing upon the said finger 27 and a second finger 30, fastened upon the horizontal plate 31, led on guidance 32.
  • the layering electrode 1 rotating around its axis by means of the electromotor 12 is maintained at a optimal distance from the layered detail 2 by following up system 9 with the motor 10 and the gear mechanism 1 l.
  • the said distance is a function of the disruptive voltage and the current.
  • the electric impulse generator 4 is coupled to the layered detail 2 directly and to the layering electrode 1 by means of the mercury current sup plying device 14.
  • the coating on the detail 2 is obtained as a result of the spark discharges.
  • the quality of the coating for the given materials depends of the parameters of the electric impulses, the speed of the rotation of the layering electrode and the duration of the layering process, as well as of the interelectrode gap (distance), maintained by the following up system 9.
  • the controllable motor 17, by means of the gear mechanism 18 drives the cup 20, which turns the tail piece 22 and the layering electrode 1 with the rotational motor 12.
  • the screw 21 By means of the screw 21 the tail piece 22 is adjusted and fixed, which determines the appropriate radius of the planetary motion.
  • the speed of the latter (planetary motion) is controlled by the motor 17.
  • Making use of the said device coatings 3 could be ob tained, having larger width than the diameter of the layering electrode 1 and desirable shapes, as shown in FIGS. 2, 3 and 4, combining the planetary motion with the respective planar displacement of the table 16 by the programming facility 15 and the servomechanisms 5 and 6.
  • the controllable motor 23 by means of the gear mechanism 24 drives the body 25 with the incorporated body 26 with the finger 27, which finger makes circular motion of radius preselected by the screw 28.
  • the connecting rod 29 driven by the finger 27, drives the body 7 of the layering head 8, which with the layering electrode together performs planetary motion. This device realizes the planetary displacements of the layering electrode 1 at substantially larger radii.
  • a device for spark layering metals and alloys onto a substrate comprising:
  • said table means includes third means for moving said table means relative to said electrode.
  • said first means comprises a rotational motor coupled to said layering electrode.
  • said second means comprises:

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
  • Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
  • Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)
  • Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
US00309900A 1971-11-27 1972-11-27 Device for local electric-spark layering of metals and alloys by means of rotating electrode Expired - Lifetime US3832514A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BG19113A BG16801A1 (ru) 1971-11-27 1971-11-27

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US3832514A true US3832514A (en) 1974-08-27

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US (1) US3832514A (ru)
JP (1) JPS537896B2 (ru)
AT (1) AT322947B (ru)
BE (1) BE791921A (ru)
BG (1) BG16801A1 (ru)
CH (1) CH558230A (ru)
CS (1) CS210646B2 (ru)
DD (1) DD103175A5 (ru)
DE (1) DE2257756C2 (ru)
FR (1) FR2163032A5 (ru)
GB (1) GB1408944A (ru)
HU (1) HU172251B (ru)
PL (1) PL89680B1 (ru)
RO (1) RO60786A (ru)
SU (1) SU691269A1 (ru)
YU (2) YU42086B (ru)

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4114019A (en) * 1976-12-22 1978-09-12 Electric Machinery Mfg. Company Welding of laminations of core-plated silicon steel
US4226697A (en) * 1977-11-29 1980-10-07 Brv "Electronna Obrabotka Na Materialite" Apparatus for the spark deposition of metals
US4405851A (en) * 1981-06-11 1983-09-20 Washington State University Research Foundation, Inc. Apparatus for transfer of metallic materials by electric discharge
US4551603A (en) * 1971-04-02 1985-11-05 Rocklin Isadore J Device and method for surfacing a workpiece
US4556775A (en) * 1983-10-26 1985-12-03 Inoue-Japax Research Incorporated Automatic spark-depositing apparatus
US4566992A (en) * 1981-12-28 1986-01-28 Metafuse Limited Solutions for the fusion of one metal to another
US4840711A (en) * 1981-01-13 1989-06-20 Metafuse Limited Process for the fusion of one element into a second element
US4866237A (en) * 1982-09-21 1989-09-12 Inoue-Japax Research Inc. Method of discharge coating and an apparatus therefor
US4994164A (en) * 1987-08-05 1991-02-19 U.S. Philips Corporation Metal ion implantation apparatus
WO1994025214A1 (en) * 1993-04-28 1994-11-10 Advanced Surfaces And Processes, Inc. Method and apparatus for pulse fusion surfacing
US5458754A (en) 1991-04-22 1995-10-17 Multi-Arc Scientific Coatings Plasma enhancement apparatus and method for physical vapor deposition
US5980681A (en) * 1997-09-15 1999-11-09 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Process for treatment of metal workpiece surface by electrical discharges
US6020568A (en) * 1997-04-11 2000-02-01 Joseph; Adrian A. Electro mechanical process and apparatus for metal deposition
CN1055139C (zh) * 1993-10-15 2000-08-02 三菱电机株式会社 用放电加工作表面处理的方法和设备
US6417477B1 (en) 1999-06-08 2002-07-09 Rolls-Royce Corporation Method and apparatus for electrospark alloying
US20040182826A1 (en) * 2002-12-20 2004-09-23 Bailey Jeffrey A. Method and apparatus for electrospark deposition
US20050150871A1 (en) * 2004-01-12 2005-07-14 Offer Henry P. Apparatus and method for electrofriction welding
CN108914120A (zh) * 2018-08-13 2018-11-30 北京金轮坤天特种机械有限公司 一种电火花自动沉积的电极位置补偿装置

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5524501B2 (ru) * 1973-11-27 1980-06-30
JPS5518364Y2 (ru) * 1974-03-08 1980-04-28
JPS5579872A (en) * 1978-12-11 1980-06-16 Inoue Japax Res Inc Treating processing apparatus for surface covering
JPS58197274A (ja) * 1982-05-12 1983-11-16 Inoue Japax Res Inc 放電被覆装置
JPS6021385A (ja) * 1983-07-15 1985-02-02 Inoue Japax Res Inc 型鋼材
US5434380A (en) * 1990-07-16 1995-07-18 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Surface layer forming apparatus using electric discharge machining
MD3974C2 (ru) * 2008-01-23 2010-06-30 Павел ТОПАЛА Способ упрочнения металлических поверхностей электрическими разрядами

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3185814A (en) * 1961-12-30 1965-05-25 Siemens Ag Method and apparatus for overlay welding
US3277266A (en) * 1964-11-19 1966-10-04 Blaszkowski Henry Apparatus for hard coating metal surfaces
US3277267A (en) * 1965-09-20 1966-10-04 Blaszkowski Henry Method and apparatus for treating electrically conductive surfaces
US3446932A (en) * 1964-10-08 1969-05-27 Nautchno Izsledovatelski I Pk Method of and apparatus for the spark discharge deposition of metals onto conductive surfaces
US3546091A (en) * 1967-05-19 1970-12-08 Elfriede Rossner Sputtering device for depositing wear resistant coatings on work surfaces

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DD46029A (ru) *
US3097291A (en) * 1959-07-24 1963-07-09 Wickman Ltd Means for depositing hard metal on another metal body by electric sparks

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3185814A (en) * 1961-12-30 1965-05-25 Siemens Ag Method and apparatus for overlay welding
US3446932A (en) * 1964-10-08 1969-05-27 Nautchno Izsledovatelski I Pk Method of and apparatus for the spark discharge deposition of metals onto conductive surfaces
US3277266A (en) * 1964-11-19 1966-10-04 Blaszkowski Henry Apparatus for hard coating metal surfaces
US3277267A (en) * 1965-09-20 1966-10-04 Blaszkowski Henry Method and apparatus for treating electrically conductive surfaces
US3546091A (en) * 1967-05-19 1970-12-08 Elfriede Rossner Sputtering device for depositing wear resistant coatings on work surfaces

Cited By (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4551603A (en) * 1971-04-02 1985-11-05 Rocklin Isadore J Device and method for surfacing a workpiece
US4114019A (en) * 1976-12-22 1978-09-12 Electric Machinery Mfg. Company Welding of laminations of core-plated silicon steel
US4226697A (en) * 1977-11-29 1980-10-07 Brv "Electronna Obrabotka Na Materialite" Apparatus for the spark deposition of metals
US4840711A (en) * 1981-01-13 1989-06-20 Metafuse Limited Process for the fusion of one element into a second element
US4405851A (en) * 1981-06-11 1983-09-20 Washington State University Research Foundation, Inc. Apparatus for transfer of metallic materials by electric discharge
US4566992A (en) * 1981-12-28 1986-01-28 Metafuse Limited Solutions for the fusion of one metal to another
US4866237A (en) * 1982-09-21 1989-09-12 Inoue-Japax Research Inc. Method of discharge coating and an apparatus therefor
US4556775A (en) * 1983-10-26 1985-12-03 Inoue-Japax Research Incorporated Automatic spark-depositing apparatus
US4994164A (en) * 1987-08-05 1991-02-19 U.S. Philips Corporation Metal ion implantation apparatus
US6139964A (en) 1991-04-22 2000-10-31 Multi-Arc Inc. Plasma enhancement apparatus and method for physical vapor deposition
US5458754A (en) 1991-04-22 1995-10-17 Multi-Arc Scientific Coatings Plasma enhancement apparatus and method for physical vapor deposition
US5448035A (en) * 1993-04-28 1995-09-05 Advanced Surfaces And Processes, Inc. Method and apparatus for pulse fusion surfacing
WO1994025214A1 (en) * 1993-04-28 1994-11-10 Advanced Surfaces And Processes, Inc. Method and apparatus for pulse fusion surfacing
CN1055139C (zh) * 1993-10-15 2000-08-02 三菱电机株式会社 用放电加工作表面处理的方法和设备
US6020568A (en) * 1997-04-11 2000-02-01 Joseph; Adrian A. Electro mechanical process and apparatus for metal deposition
US5980681A (en) * 1997-09-15 1999-11-09 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Process for treatment of metal workpiece surface by electrical discharges
US6417477B1 (en) 1999-06-08 2002-07-09 Rolls-Royce Corporation Method and apparatus for electrospark alloying
US20040182826A1 (en) * 2002-12-20 2004-09-23 Bailey Jeffrey A. Method and apparatus for electrospark deposition
US6835908B2 (en) * 2002-12-20 2004-12-28 Battelle Memorial Institute Method and apparatus for electrospark deposition
US20050150871A1 (en) * 2004-01-12 2005-07-14 Offer Henry P. Apparatus and method for electrofriction welding
US7164094B2 (en) * 2004-01-12 2007-01-16 General Electric Company Apparatus and method for electrofriction welding
CN108914120A (zh) * 2018-08-13 2018-11-30 北京金轮坤天特种机械有限公司 一种电火花自动沉积的电极位置补偿装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BG16801A1 (ru) 1973-04-25
GB1408944A (en) 1975-10-08
BE791921A (fr) 1973-03-16
HU172251B (hu) 1978-07-28
SU691269A1 (ru) 1979-10-15
CH558230A (de) 1975-01-31
CS210646B2 (en) 1982-01-29
PL89680B1 (ru) 1976-12-31
JPS4860025A (ru) 1973-08-23
JPS537896B2 (ru) 1978-03-23
DE2257756C2 (de) 1984-07-19
DE2257756A1 (de) 1973-06-07
YU293072A (en) 1982-02-28
YU42086B (en) 1988-04-30
DD103175A5 (ru) 1974-01-12
FR2163032A5 (ru) 1973-07-20
RO60786A (ru) 1976-08-15
AT322947B (de) 1975-06-10
YU180281A (en) 1985-03-20
YU42245B (en) 1988-06-30

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