US3762656A - Shakeout and crushing apparatus - Google Patents

Shakeout and crushing apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US3762656A
US3762656A US00197062A US3762656DA US3762656A US 3762656 A US3762656 A US 3762656A US 00197062 A US00197062 A US 00197062A US 3762656D A US3762656D A US 3762656DA US 3762656 A US3762656 A US 3762656A
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United States
Prior art keywords
deck
chamber
shakeout
floor portion
disintegration
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US00197062A
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English (en)
Inventor
V Deve
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Combustion Engineering Inc
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Combustion Engineering Inc
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C5/00—Machines or devices specially designed for dressing or handling the mould material so far as specially adapted for that purpose
    • B22C5/04—Machines or devices specially designed for dressing or handling the mould material so far as specially adapted for that purpose by grinding, blending, mixing, kneading, or stirring
    • B22C5/0404—Stirring by using vibrations while grinding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D29/00—Removing castings from moulds, not restricted to casting processes covered by a single main group; Removing cores; Handling ingots
    • B22D29/02—Vibratory apparatus specially designed for shaking out flasks
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S241/00—Solid material comminution or disintegration
    • Y10S241/10—Foundry sand treatment
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S241/00—Solid material comminution or disintegration
    • Y10S241/30—Rubber elements in mills

Definitions

  • Such sand reclamation has been accomplished in high production foundries by processing castings through a vibratory shakeout unit where the frequency and amplitude of the vibration is designed to break off the sand mold and knock off the cores.
  • the rejects including pieces of metal and lumps of bonded sand are passed along a conveyor belt through the field of a magnetic separator to remove tramp metal.
  • the remaining material is passed to a cage mill where it is broken down to substantially original size for screening and classification for reuse.
  • This sand reclamation process is necessarily complicated and expensive and has not proven economical for reclamation in foundries having lower production levels where reclamation would otherwise also be desirable. Additionally, in casting of non-magnetic materials such as stainless steel, aluminum or brass, thisprocess has some drawbacks in that the removal of tramp metal is difficult, and any metal which enters the cage mill could prove damaging to the interior mill surfaces.
  • the device comprises a shakeout chamber which is caused to orbitally vibrate.
  • the chamber provides progressive classification by means of a porous upper shakeout deck having large holes extending therethrough.
  • a porous second deck having relatively smaller holes and supporting a plurality of metal balls, which due to the vibratory action bounce about to crush any material which falls to the second deck.
  • Tramp metal of larger size than the small holes in the second deck will be trapped at this level to assist in the crushing action of the balls.
  • the trapped metal and any large uncrushable sand lumps may be periodically removed through a cleanout door provided in the chamber at this level.
  • Beneath the second deck is a third deck which is comprised of a wire screen for receiving crushed material passed through the second deck, and which in turn will allow only fine sand to pass therethrough to the shakeout chamber floor for removal to a sand classifier and storage for reuse.
  • the material remaining on the wire screen is recycled to a disintegration chamber on the second deck.
  • the disintegration chamber will crush any friable material delivered thereto and trap any tramp metal and unbroken sand lumps (which have passed through the second deck) for periodic removal while permitting sand below a certain size but above the size of the screen mesh to be recycled to the second deck.
  • FIG. 1 is a side elevational view of the shakeout and crushing apparatus of this invention.
  • FIG. 2 is an end view of the shakeout and crushing apparatus along line 22 of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a side elevational view in section of the shakeout chamber along line 33 of FIG. 2.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 show the overall arrangement of the shakeout and crushing apparatus 10 for reducing foundry sand to a condition for classification and reuse.
  • a support base 12 constructedof a series of I-beams supports a plurality of vibration isolating springs 14. The springs 14 engage extensions 16 fixed to a shakeout chamber 18.
  • a vibratory drive motor carriage 20 which in turn supports a motor guide 22.
  • a motor support base 24 is movably carried in the guide 22 and has a vibratory drive motor 26 mounted thereon.
  • the motor 26 rotates a pulley 28 to drive the drive belt 30 which in turn rotates a pulley 32 rotatably fixed to the shakeout chamber 18.
  • the pulley 32 may be of the eccentric weight type so as to cause orbital vibration of the shakeout chamber 18 upon rotation thereof.
  • a protective housing 34 is connected to the chamber 18 so as to prevent debris from damaging or interfering with the vibratory drive mechanism.
  • the shakeout deck 36 for receiving molds with castings (see FIG. 3).
  • the shakeout deck 36 has vertical scalping bars 38 mounted thereon and large holes 40 extending therethrough, the holes being on the order of 2 to 3 inches in diameter.
  • Beneath the shakeout deck 36 is a second deck 42 having a series of holes 44 therethrough, the holes being of somewhat smaller size than the holes 40 of the upper deck 36 (for example onehalf inch in diameter).
  • the second deck 42 supports a plurality of metal balls 46 which assist in the crushing of the foundry sand when the shakeout chamber 18 is orbitally vibrated.
  • a cleanout door 48 which may be periodically opened to remove material from the second deck level which is unable to pass therethrough, such as tramp metal or lumps of bonded sand.
  • an oversize return chute 50 which communicates with a disintegration chamber 52 within the shakeout chamber 18 through an opening 54 in the wall of the shakeout chamber.
  • the disintegration. chamber 52 has an upper wall 56 which overlies a floor portion 58, the floor portion 58 being an extension of the second deck 42 without the holes 44 therein.
  • the top wall 56 terminates above the floor 58 such that an opening 60 is provided therebetween, the opening 60 being somewhat smaller than the diameter of the holes 44.
  • the disintegration chamber 52 has rods 62 extending therethrough so as to assist in the disintegration of the material returned to the chamber .52.
  • a cleanout door 64 is provided in the return chute 50 so as to enable periodic cleanout of material trapped in the disintegration chamber 52.
  • a third deck comprising a wire mesh screen 66 which is oriented so as to have an inclined angle with respect to the horizontal axis of the shakeout chamber 18.
  • the lower end of the wire screen 66 terminates adjacent an opening 68 in the side of the chamber l8.
  • An oversize return discharge spout 70 is located adjacent the opening 68 so as to receive any oversize material trapped above the screen 66.
  • Beneath the wire screen 66 is a shakeout chamber floor 72 which is similarly inclined with respect to the shakeout chamber 18.
  • the floor 72 terminates adjacent an opening 7 3 in the wall of the chamber 18 so as to permit screened sand to discharge through the opening 74 into a screened sand discharge spout 76.
  • an exhaust conduit 78 communicates with the interior of the chamber and is connected to a suitable vacuum source so as to evacuate the dust therefrom.
  • An oversize return elevator 80 is provided to recycle oversize material trapped on the wire screen 66.
  • the oversize elevator 80 has a receptacle 82 which receives material from the discharge spout 70.
  • a fan means 86 is supported on the elevator 80 to draw the material upwardly to a discharge 84 into the return chute 50 of the shakeout chamber 18.
  • the screened sand from the shakeout chamber floor 72 is passed to a sand classifier (not shown) by means of a screened sand elevator 88 for classification and storage for reuse.
  • the elevator 88 has a receptacle 90 for receiving screened sand from the discharge spout 76.
  • a fan means 94 is supported on the elevator 88 to draw the material upwardly to a discharge 92 into the classifier.
  • the operation thereof is as follows.
  • the position of the vibratory drive motor base 24 is adjusted so as to provide the proper tension on the drive belt 30, and the motor 26 is then actuated to provide an orbital vibrating movement to the chamber 18 on the base 12 through the springs 14 through rotation of the eccentric weight pulley 32.
  • a number of molds are placed in the shakeout chamber 18 on the upper shakeout deck 36.
  • the scalping bars 38 will assist in the breaking off from the castings of burnt on sand, gates and risers under the vibratory action of the chamber 18.
  • the friable material and some tramp metal will fall through the large holes 40 in the deck 36 to the deck 42.
  • the metal balls 46 will be in continuous motion so as to impact the material on the deck 42 breaking it into smaller sizes so that the majority of the sand and even some of the tramp metal will pass through the small holes 44 in the deck 42. Any tramp metal which is of such a size so as to be unable to pass through the holes 44 will serve to assist in the breaking up of the foundry sand lumps due to the vibration imparted thereto.
  • the vibratory action of the chamber 18 is typically on the order to 900 cycles per minute so that each ball (or piece of tramp metal) has the effect of creating a hammer action approximately 900 times during each minute.
  • the cleanout door 48 may be opened to remove the metal and sand lumps which accumulate on the deck 42.
  • the material which passes through the second deck 42 falls onto the wire screen 66 of the third deck which may be typically of a screen mesh size 20.
  • the wire screen 66 sifts the sand so as to pass only the grains below this size to the shakeout chamber floor 72.
  • the oversize material trapped on the screen 66 and passed through the discharge spout 70 will be returned to the return chute 50 by means of the oversize return elevator 80.
  • the oversize material returned will enter the disintegration chamber 52. Due to the orbital vibration of the chamber 18, material within the disintegration chamber 52 will be impacted by the rods 62 so as to further reduce the size thereof. Friable material within this chamber 52 which is reduced in size will migrate through the opening 60 back onto the second deck 42 for passage therethrough to the wire screen 66. Tramp metal and larger unbreakable sand lumps will remain in the disintegration chamber and will be periodically removed through the cleanout door 64. As noted above, dust particles which would necessarily be accompanied by the rapid orbital vibration of the chamber 18 are controlled by the provision of an exhaust conduit 78 which is connected to suitable dust collection equipment for removal thereof.
  • the apparatus comprises a shakeout chamber which is caused to orbitally vibrate.
  • the chamber has an upper shakeout deck, a second deck supporting a plurality of metal balls and a third wire screen deck through which the sand is successively passed and progressively classified.
  • the metal balls on the second deck under the influence of the orbital vi bration of the shakeout chamber, serve as rapidly acting hammer means.
  • Material which fails to pass through the wire screen is recycled to a disintegration chamber on the second deck which further assures the removal of any tramp metal of bonded sand lumps which may be present in the sand being reclaimed to crush material on the deck so that it will pass therethrough to the wire screen.
  • a shakeout and crushing apparatus for reclamation of foundry sand comprising: a base, vibration isolative means mounted on said base for protecting said base from external vibrations, a shakeout chamber supported on said base by said vibration isolative means, said chamber having a porous upper deck, a porous second deck and a porous third deck of progressively more limited porosity, a plurality of hammer means carried by said second deck to accomplish crushing of the sand on said deck, means for removing material trapped on said second deck, a first conduit adjacent said third deck and communicating therewith to receive material trapped on said third deck, a second conduit adjacent the bottom of said shakeout chamber to receive sand passed thereto, a recycle and disintegration chamber adjacent to and communicating with said second deck, means for recycling said trapped material from said first conduit to said recycle and disinte gration chamber, and a drive means for imparting an orbital vibration to said shakeout chamber.
  • vibration isolative means are comprised of a series of coil springs.
  • said third deck is comprised of a wire screen oriented so as to be angled with respect to the horizontal axis of said shakeout chamber.
  • said porous upper deck is comprised of a flat plate having a plurality of large openings and a series of scalping bars extending upwardly from said plate, and wherein said sec' ond deck is comprised of a flat plate having a series of openings substantially smaller than the openings of said plate of said upper deck.
  • said recycle and disintegration chamber includes a non-porous extension of said second deck flat plate forming a floor portion therefor, an upper wall overlying said floor portion and terminating at one end above said floor portion so as to form an opening therebetween, said opening between said upper wall and said floor portion being of a size less than said openings in said second deck, a plurality of rods positioned between said upper wall and said floor portion, and a return chute communicating with the interior of said recycle and disintegration chamber to permit passage of recycled material thereinto.
  • said drive means includes a platform fixed to said base, a drive motor adjustably positionable on said platform, an eccentric weight pulley rotatably mounted on said shakeout chamber, and a belt means connecting said motor to said eccentric weight pulley in order to impart rotation thereto.
  • said shakeout and crushing apparatus further includes an exhaust system communicating with the interior of said shakeout chamber so as to remove dust therefrom.
  • An apparatus for crushing and classification of a friable material comprising: a chamber; means for imparting orbital vibration to said chamber; progressive classification means within said chamber for progressively classifying said friable material as it is passed through said chamber, said progressive classification means including a first porous deck having a series of holes therein and a plurality of scalping bars extending upwardly therefrom, a second porous deck having a se ries of holes therein of substantially smaller size than said holes of said first deck, and a third deck comprised of a wire screen angled with respect to the horizontal axis of said chamber; means for providing an auxiliary crushing action to said material at one level of classification; first removing means for removing and recycling within said progressive classification means crushed material trapped above the desired final level of classification; and second removing means for removing said friable material which has been processed to a desired level of classification for storage and reuse.
  • said means for providing auxiliary crushing action includes a hammer means located on said second deck and a recycle and disintegration chamber in juxtaposition with said second deck.
  • said recycle and disintegration chamber includes a non-porous extension of said second deck flat plate forming a floor portion therefor, an upper wall overlying said floor portion and terminating at one end above said floor portion so as to form an opening therebetween, said opening between said upper wall and said floor portion being of a size less than said openings in said second deck, a plurality of rods positioned] between said upper wall and said floor portion, and a return chute comm unicating with the interior of said recycle and disintegration chamber to permit passage of recycled material thereinto.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
  • Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
US00197062A 1971-11-09 1971-11-09 Shakeout and crushing apparatus Expired - Lifetime US3762656A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US19706271A 1971-11-09 1971-11-09

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US (1) US3762656A (esLanguage)
CA (1) CA993623A (esLanguage)
FR (1) FR2159373A1 (esLanguage)
GB (1) GB1397259A (esLanguage)
IT (1) IT970275B (esLanguage)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3897910A (en) * 1974-04-05 1975-08-05 Combustion Eng Shakeout and crushing apparatus
DE2519328A1 (de) * 1974-07-15 1976-01-29 Gen Kinematics Corp Vorrichtung zur rueckgewinnung von giessereisand
US6036126A (en) * 1998-12-09 2000-03-14 Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Apparatus for separating particles of cohesive material according to size and process
US20030094523A1 (en) * 2001-11-22 2003-05-22 Sintokogio, Ltd. Device for vibratingly smashing sand masses
CN107052234A (zh) * 2016-12-30 2017-08-18 绵阳易简环保科技有限公司 铸造旧砂处理多功能输料装置
CN108637222A (zh) * 2018-03-30 2018-10-12 常州卡斯特铝精密铸造科技有限公司 铝铸造用砂回收循环系统
CN111069528A (zh) * 2019-12-17 2020-04-28 湖州吴兴珀莱机械厂 一种铸铁的回砂循环利用系统

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2522940C2 (de) * 1975-05-23 1976-09-09 Hermann Jacob Verfahren und vorrichtung zum auspacken von formsand aus formkaesten und zum zerkleinern der dabei entstehenden sandknollen
NL8500657A (nl) * 1985-03-07 1986-10-01 Veer P Holding Bv Van Der Werkwijze en inrichting voor het tot delen van een bepaalde grootte breken en afzeven van een stortmateriaal.
CN108031822A (zh) * 2017-12-29 2018-05-15 绵阳易简环保科技有限公司 带有除尘及降噪结构的新型落砂机
CN111570767B (zh) * 2020-05-29 2021-11-23 新沂市振港金属制品有限公司 一种铸铁水泵叶轮制造成型自动化落砂处理工艺
CN120619326B (zh) * 2025-08-12 2025-10-24 太原市三高能源发展有限公司 一种汽车零部件铸造用震动落砂机

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US979685A (en) * 1907-05-01 1910-12-27 Edgar H Mumford Riddle.
US1286389A (en) * 1916-07-13 1918-12-03 James S Mullen Method of and apparatus for treating a mixture of cotton-seed meats, hulls, and lint.
US1293188A (en) * 1917-09-20 1919-02-04 Diamond Match Co Apparatus for powdering frictionally-ignitable material.
US1669686A (en) * 1925-03-20 1928-05-15 Advancerumely Company Recleaner
US2576746A (en) * 1948-06-01 1951-11-27 James F Barnes Sifter having agitator bodies

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US979685A (en) * 1907-05-01 1910-12-27 Edgar H Mumford Riddle.
US1286389A (en) * 1916-07-13 1918-12-03 James S Mullen Method of and apparatus for treating a mixture of cotton-seed meats, hulls, and lint.
US1293188A (en) * 1917-09-20 1919-02-04 Diamond Match Co Apparatus for powdering frictionally-ignitable material.
US1669686A (en) * 1925-03-20 1928-05-15 Advancerumely Company Recleaner
US2576746A (en) * 1948-06-01 1951-11-27 James F Barnes Sifter having agitator bodies

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3897910A (en) * 1974-04-05 1975-08-05 Combustion Eng Shakeout and crushing apparatus
DE2519328A1 (de) * 1974-07-15 1976-01-29 Gen Kinematics Corp Vorrichtung zur rueckgewinnung von giessereisand
US6036126A (en) * 1998-12-09 2000-03-14 Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Apparatus for separating particles of cohesive material according to size and process
US6267310B1 (en) * 1998-12-09 2001-07-31 Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Process for separating particles of cohesive material according to size
US20030094523A1 (en) * 2001-11-22 2003-05-22 Sintokogio, Ltd. Device for vibratingly smashing sand masses
EP1314494A1 (en) * 2001-11-22 2003-05-28 Sintokogio, Ltd. Device for smashing sand masses and for separating a sand mold and a cast product from a flask
US6915970B2 (en) 2001-11-22 2005-07-12 Sintokogio, Ltd. Device for vibratingly smashing sand masses
CN107052234A (zh) * 2016-12-30 2017-08-18 绵阳易简环保科技有限公司 铸造旧砂处理多功能输料装置
CN108637222A (zh) * 2018-03-30 2018-10-12 常州卡斯特铝精密铸造科技有限公司 铝铸造用砂回收循环系统
CN111069528A (zh) * 2019-12-17 2020-04-28 湖州吴兴珀莱机械厂 一种铸铁的回砂循环利用系统
CN111069528B (zh) * 2019-12-17 2021-07-13 山东临港有色金属有限公司 一种铸铁的回砂循环利用系统

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Publication number Publication date
FR2159373A1 (esLanguage) 1973-06-22
CA993623A (en) 1976-07-27
IT970275B (it) 1974-04-10
GB1397259A (en) 1975-06-11

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