US3134830A - Process for the production of shaped parts of plasticized polyethylene - Google Patents
Process for the production of shaped parts of plasticized polyethylene Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3134830A US3134830A US694088A US69408857A US3134830A US 3134830 A US3134830 A US 3134830A US 694088 A US694088 A US 694088A US 69408857 A US69408857 A US 69408857A US 3134830 A US3134830 A US 3134830A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- blanks
- polyethylene
- production
- plasticized
- compression
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 25
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 title description 18
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 title description 16
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 title description 16
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 229920001903 high density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004700 high-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 5
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000004705 High-molecular-weight polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)(Cl)Cl XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- YNLAOSYQHBDIKW-UHFFFAOYSA-M diethylaluminium chloride Chemical compound CC[Al](Cl)CC YNLAOSYQHBDIKW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002902 organometallic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003609 titanium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
- B29C43/02—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C43/14—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles in several steps
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B11/00—Making preforms
- B29B11/06—Making preforms by moulding the material
- B29B11/12—Compression moulding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
- B29C43/006—Pressing and sintering powders, granules or fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2791/00—Shaping characteristics in general
- B29C2791/001—Shaping in several steps
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2023/00—Use of polyalkenes or derivatives thereof as moulding material
- B29K2023/04—Polymers of ethylene
- B29K2023/06—PE, i.e. polyethylene
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
- B29K2105/25—Solid
- B29K2105/251—Particles, powder or granules
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
- B29K2105/25—Solid
- B29K2105/253—Preform
- B29K2105/255—Blocks or tablets
Definitions
- blanks having larger dimensions than those of the finished parts are first produced by mechanical pressure and preferably at room temperature. These blanks are subsequently converted into sintere'd and plasticized polyethylene by the simultaneous use of heat and of mechanical pressure.
- slabs of 20 x 20 centimeters and 3 cm. thickness may first to be produced by cold-pressing. These slabs may be placed side by side into a die of 1 x 2 meters. If at least one additional compression is now applied while heating, one single sheet of 1 x 2 meters and 3 cm. thickness is obtained. Seams are no longer recognizable in the finished sheet. According to another embodiment of the process of the invention, heating of the individual slab is not effected in the second compression stage but previously as, for example, is an oven under a protective gas atmosphere.
- the blanks obtained from the first stage consist of prisms having 6 surfaces positioned at right angles .with respect to one another, or of disks of circular or other form with par allel surfaces.
- the prisms may be arranged side by side in one layer, or the prisms or disks may be placed one upon another. It is advantageous in many cases to place prisms side by side and in layers.
- the process of the invention is also applicable to the production of shaped parts of plasticized polypropylene.
- the process of the invention is primarily applicable to high molecular weight polyethylene, i.e., for example, polyethylenes having molecular weights in excess of 100,- 000 and preferably above 500,000.
- Polyethylene of this type is known as high-density polyethylene and is produced by the polymerization of ethylene at pressures below about 100 kg./ sq. cm. and temperatures up to about 100 C. with the use of catalysts consisting of mixtures of organometallic compounds, especially aluminum alkyl compounds, with compounds of metals of the 4th to 6th subgroups of the periodic table, particularly with titanium compounds as, for example, titanium tetrachloride (see Angewandte Chemie, vol. 67, 541-547 (1955)).
- Example 1 The polymerization of ethylene was effected in a glass vessel of about 5 liters capacity and equipped with an agitator, into which were filled 2 liters of a C -C hydrocarbon fraction obtained by carbon monoxide hydrogenation. This hydrocarbon fraction had been prepared by hydrogenation, eifected at 250 C., subsequent refining with sulfuric acid, and intensive drying. After flushing of the reaction vessel with ethylene gas and heating to about 50 C., the catalyst solution was added while agitating and passing ethylene through the vessel. The catalyst solution had been prepared by mixing together 100 cc. of the same C C fraction, 1.08 grams of diethyl aluminum monochloride and 0.42 gram of titanium tetrachlo ride, and vigorously shaking the mixture for about 30 minutes. Upon addition to the catalyst solution, the reaction temperature was adjusted to about C. Atmospheric pressure prevailed throughout the reaction as glass equipment cannot be subjected to elevated pressures.
- the mixture was filtered and the filter residue was treated with times its quantity of 1% aqueous sodium hydroxyide solution in a stirring flask.
- the mixture was then heated to the boiling point, thereby distilling oil the residue of the hydrocarbon fraction together with the water vapor.
- the residue from the distillation was finally washed to free it from alkali and was then dried.
- the polyethylene obtained had a molecular weight of 1,100,000, as determined viscosimetrically.
- sheets of 100 x 80 cm. were produced by heating the blanks obtained by cold-pressing, in the first compression stage to 160 C. in an oven under a protective gas atmosphere; then the heated slabs were placed side by side into the preheated die of 100 X 80 cm. and compressed in a press which was not heated, or only slightly heated.
- sheets having the same good properties were obtained.
- Example 2 Polyethylene as prepared in Example 1, i.e. having a molecular weight of 1,100,000 as determined viscosimetrically, was used in this example, too. 38 kg. of this material, in a die of 50 cm. in width and 80 cm. in length, were cold-pressed at a specific pressure of 130 kg./ sq. cm. This resulted in blanks of 14.2 cm. in thickness.
- the cold-pressed blanks were compressed into sheets in a heatable press for about 8 hours and at a temperature of 160 C.
- the sheets, whfie hot, were subsequently placed one upon another and compressed for about minutes under a specific pressure of 18 kg./ sq. cm. with no additional supply of heat.
- a block of polyethylene was obtained having a weight of 152 kg. and a size of 50 x 80 x 32 The block was completely homogeneous and showed no reduction in strength at the seams.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DER19942A DE1124225B (de) | 1956-11-05 | 1956-11-05 | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Formkoerpern aus plastifiziertem Polyaethylen |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3134830A true US3134830A (en) | 1964-05-26 |
Family
ID=7400555
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US694088A Expired - Lifetime US3134830A (en) | 1956-11-05 | 1957-11-04 | Process for the production of shaped parts of plasticized polyethylene |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3134830A (en)) |
| BE (1) | BE561820A (en)) |
| DE (1) | DE1124225B (en)) |
| FR (1) | FR1186391A (en)) |
| GB (1) | GB853194A (en)) |
| NL (1) | NL100964C (en)) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3208900A (en) * | 1960-11-25 | 1965-09-28 | Vasco Ind Corp | Method of manufacturing decorated molded articles from finely divided thermoplastic materials |
| US3975481A (en) * | 1972-12-01 | 1976-08-17 | Allied Chemical Corporation | Method for molding ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene molding powder |
| US4110391A (en) * | 1976-07-31 | 1978-08-29 | Ruhrchemie Aktiengesellschaft | Process for the manufacture of molded articles from polyolefins with molecular weights of at least one million |
| US4164531A (en) * | 1975-01-13 | 1979-08-14 | Mitsui Petrochemical Industries, Ltd. | Injection molding of ultra high molecular weight polyethylene |
| EP0179171A3 (en) * | 1982-09-29 | 1987-06-16 | The Dow Chemical Company | Improved method of forming blanks for the solid-phase forming of thermoplastic articles |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2428977A (en) * | 1945-04-17 | 1947-10-14 | Monsanto Chemicals | Process for producing decorative articles |
| US2440190A (en) * | 1944-03-01 | 1948-04-20 | Du Pont | Preparation of nonporous polytetrafluoroethylene articles |
| GB610562A (en) * | 1946-03-07 | 1948-10-18 | Ashdowns Ltd | Improvements in or relating to methods of moulding solid articles in thermosetting moulding compounds |
| US2597704A (en) * | 1949-08-22 | 1952-05-20 | Cosom Ind Inc | Process of making hollow bodies from fusible plastic materials |
| GB735162A (en) * | 1952-09-30 | 1955-08-17 | Degussa | Process for the production of shaped bodies of polyethylene |
| US2736925A (en) * | 1953-06-08 | 1956-03-06 | Jerome S Heisler | Method of forming hollow articles from polyethylene |
| US2800945A (en) * | 1952-02-20 | 1957-07-30 | Paul K Schilling | Cup-shaped articles, and method and apparatus for making them |
| US2824090A (en) * | 1955-12-27 | 1958-02-18 | Eastman Kodak Co | Polymerization of alpha-olefins with a catalyst mixture of an orthotitanate and an alkyl aluminum halide |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE245148C (en)) * | ||||
| DE1431C (de) * | 1877-11-02 | r. sarre, Kaiserl. Telegraphen - Direktionsrath /.. D., in Dresden, welcher durch notarielle Cession vom 1. April 1878 seine Rechte an den Königlichen Kommerzienrath G. stobwasser in Berlin übertragen hat | Petroleumlampe mit Regulator | |
| US1716379A (en) * | 1924-12-30 | 1929-06-11 | Leysieffer Gustav | Method of manufacturing sheets, slabs or molded articles from celluloid or celluloid-like materials |
-
0
- NL NL100964D patent/NL100964C/xx active
- BE BE561820D patent/BE561820A/xx unknown
-
1956
- 1956-11-05 DE DER19942A patent/DE1124225B/de active Pending
-
1957
- 1957-10-18 GB GB32595/57A patent/GB853194A/en not_active Expired
- 1957-10-18 FR FR1186391D patent/FR1186391A/fr not_active Expired
- 1957-11-04 US US694088A patent/US3134830A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2440190A (en) * | 1944-03-01 | 1948-04-20 | Du Pont | Preparation of nonporous polytetrafluoroethylene articles |
| US2428977A (en) * | 1945-04-17 | 1947-10-14 | Monsanto Chemicals | Process for producing decorative articles |
| GB610562A (en) * | 1946-03-07 | 1948-10-18 | Ashdowns Ltd | Improvements in or relating to methods of moulding solid articles in thermosetting moulding compounds |
| US2597704A (en) * | 1949-08-22 | 1952-05-20 | Cosom Ind Inc | Process of making hollow bodies from fusible plastic materials |
| US2800945A (en) * | 1952-02-20 | 1957-07-30 | Paul K Schilling | Cup-shaped articles, and method and apparatus for making them |
| GB735162A (en) * | 1952-09-30 | 1955-08-17 | Degussa | Process for the production of shaped bodies of polyethylene |
| US2736925A (en) * | 1953-06-08 | 1956-03-06 | Jerome S Heisler | Method of forming hollow articles from polyethylene |
| US2824090A (en) * | 1955-12-27 | 1958-02-18 | Eastman Kodak Co | Polymerization of alpha-olefins with a catalyst mixture of an orthotitanate and an alkyl aluminum halide |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3208900A (en) * | 1960-11-25 | 1965-09-28 | Vasco Ind Corp | Method of manufacturing decorated molded articles from finely divided thermoplastic materials |
| US3975481A (en) * | 1972-12-01 | 1976-08-17 | Allied Chemical Corporation | Method for molding ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene molding powder |
| US4164531A (en) * | 1975-01-13 | 1979-08-14 | Mitsui Petrochemical Industries, Ltd. | Injection molding of ultra high molecular weight polyethylene |
| US4110391A (en) * | 1976-07-31 | 1978-08-29 | Ruhrchemie Aktiengesellschaft | Process for the manufacture of molded articles from polyolefins with molecular weights of at least one million |
| EP0179171A3 (en) * | 1982-09-29 | 1987-06-16 | The Dow Chemical Company | Improved method of forming blanks for the solid-phase forming of thermoplastic articles |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE1124225B (de) | 1962-02-22 |
| FR1186391A (fr) | 1959-08-21 |
| GB853194A (en) | 1960-11-02 |
| NL100964C (en)) | |
| BE561820A (en)) |
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