US20220170626A1 - Multi-tube once-through boiler - Google Patents

Multi-tube once-through boiler Download PDF

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US20220170626A1
US20220170626A1 US17/433,376 US201917433376A US2022170626A1 US 20220170626 A1 US20220170626 A1 US 20220170626A1 US 201917433376 A US201917433376 A US 201917433376A US 2022170626 A1 US2022170626 A1 US 2022170626A1
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water
combustion chamber
tube
boiler
water tube
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Tadayuki Ino
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Lno Takayuki
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Publication of US20220170626A1 publication Critical patent/US20220170626A1/en
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22STEAM GENERATION
    • F22BMETHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B29/00Steam boilers of forced-flow type
    • F22B29/06Steam boilers of forced-flow type of once-through type, i.e. built-up from tubes receiving water at one end and delivering superheated steam at the other end of the tubes
    • F22B29/061Construction of tube walls
    • F22B29/062Construction of tube walls involving vertically-disposed water tubes
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22STEAM GENERATION
    • F22BMETHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B21/00Water-tube boilers of vertical or steeply-inclined type, i.e. the water-tube sets being arranged vertically or substantially vertically
    • F22B21/02Water-tube boilers of vertical or steeply-inclined type, i.e. the water-tube sets being arranged vertically or substantially vertically built-up from substantially straight water tubes
    • F22B21/20Water-tube boilers of vertical or steeply-inclined type, i.e. the water-tube sets being arranged vertically or substantially vertically built-up from substantially straight water tubes involving sectional or subdivided headers in separate arrangement for each water-tube set
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22STEAM GENERATION
    • F22BMETHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B21/00Water-tube boilers of vertical or steeply-inclined type, i.e. the water-tube sets being arranged vertically or substantially vertically
    • F22B21/22Water-tube boilers of vertical or steeply-inclined type, i.e. the water-tube sets being arranged vertically or substantially vertically built-up from water tubes of form other than straight or substantially straight
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22STEAM GENERATION
    • F22BMETHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B21/00Water-tube boilers of vertical or steeply-inclined type, i.e. the water-tube sets being arranged vertically or substantially vertically
    • F22B21/22Water-tube boilers of vertical or steeply-inclined type, i.e. the water-tube sets being arranged vertically or substantially vertically built-up from water tubes of form other than straight or substantially straight
    • F22B21/30Water-tube boilers of vertical or steeply-inclined type, i.e. the water-tube sets being arranged vertically or substantially vertically built-up from water tubes of form other than straight or substantially straight bent in U-loop form
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22STEAM GENERATION
    • F22BMETHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B21/00Water-tube boilers of vertical or steeply-inclined type, i.e. the water-tube sets being arranged vertically or substantially vertically
    • F22B21/34Water-tube boilers of vertical or steeply-inclined type, i.e. the water-tube sets being arranged vertically or substantially vertically built-up from water tubes grouped in panel form surrounding the combustion chamber, i.e. radiation boilers
    • F22B21/346Horizontal radiation boilers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22STEAM GENERATION
    • F22BMETHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B21/00Water-tube boilers of vertical or steeply-inclined type, i.e. the water-tube sets being arranged vertically or substantially vertically
    • F22B21/34Water-tube boilers of vertical or steeply-inclined type, i.e. the water-tube sets being arranged vertically or substantially vertically built-up from water tubes grouped in panel form surrounding the combustion chamber, i.e. radiation boilers
    • F22B21/36Water-tube boilers of vertical or steeply-inclined type, i.e. the water-tube sets being arranged vertically or substantially vertically built-up from water tubes grouped in panel form surrounding the combustion chamber, i.e. radiation boilers involving an upper drum or headers mounted at the top of the combustion chamber
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22STEAM GENERATION
    • F22BMETHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B21/00Water-tube boilers of vertical or steeply-inclined type, i.e. the water-tube sets being arranged vertically or substantially vertically
    • F22B21/34Water-tube boilers of vertical or steeply-inclined type, i.e. the water-tube sets being arranged vertically or substantially vertically built-up from water tubes grouped in panel form surrounding the combustion chamber, i.e. radiation boilers
    • F22B21/36Water-tube boilers of vertical or steeply-inclined type, i.e. the water-tube sets being arranged vertically or substantially vertically built-up from water tubes grouped in panel form surrounding the combustion chamber, i.e. radiation boilers involving an upper drum or headers mounted at the top of the combustion chamber
    • F22B21/366Water-tube boilers of vertical or steeply-inclined type, i.e. the water-tube sets being arranged vertically or substantially vertically built-up from water tubes grouped in panel form surrounding the combustion chamber, i.e. radiation boilers involving an upper drum or headers mounted at the top of the combustion chamber involving a horizontal drum mounted in the middle of the boiler
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23CMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C3/00Combustion apparatus characterised by the shape of the combustion chamber
    • F23C3/002Combustion apparatus characterised by the shape of the combustion chamber the chamber having an elongated tubular form, e.g. for a radiant tube
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23DBURNERS
    • F23D11/00Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/001Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space spraying nozzle combined with forced draft fan in one unit
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23DBURNERS
    • F23D11/00Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/10Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying being induced by a gaseous medium, e.g. water vapour
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23NREGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N1/00Regulating fuel supply
    • F23N1/02Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23DBURNERS
    • F23D2202/00Liquid fuel burners

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a multi-tube once-through boiler that generates steam by heating a large number of water tubes, and more particularly to a structure of a multi-tube once-through boiler in which recovered oil can be used as fuel.
  • a plurality of water tubes are vertically arranged in a cylindrical combustion cylinder with upper and lower bottoms, an annular upper header 1 and lower header 2 are connected by two rows of water tubes of an inner water tube row 3 and an outer water tube row 4 , and gaps between adjacent water tubes of the inner water tube row 3 and adjacent water tubes of the outer water tube row 4 are blocked (blocking fins 8 ).
  • a combustion gas passage 7 is formed between the inner water tube row 3 and the outer water tube row 4 , and boiler water is configured to be supplied to each water tube from the lower header 2 .
  • the multi-tube once-through boiler is configured such that, by supplying fuel to a burner 10 installed within the combustion cylinder and burning the fuel, combustion gas is generated in a combustion chamber 9 , the combustion gas is supplied from the combustion gas passage 7 to the outside of the plurality of water tubes to heat and evaporate the boiler water within the water tubes, and consumed steam is taken out from the upper header 1 .
  • combustion gas passes through the combustion gas passage 7 and an outer smoke passage port 6 and is discharged from a flue 12 as combustion exhaust gas whose temperature is lowered.
  • Peripheral parts of the upper header 1 and the lower header 2 are covered with a refractory material 13 , and the entire combustion cylinder is covered with a heat insulating material 14 .
  • Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent No. 2914647
  • the present invention has been made in view of the foregoing circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a multi-tube once-through boiler in which waste oil can be used as combustion gas for generating consumed steam and cleaning of water tubes can be performed easily.
  • the present invention (claim 1 ) is a multi-tube once-through boiler configured such that both end sides of each of a plurality of water tubes communicate with each other and boiler water is supplied to each water tube, while a combustion chamber is formed inside each water tube, combustion gas from the combustion chamber is supplied outside the plurality of water tubes to heat and evaporate the boiler water within the water tubes, and consumed steam is taken out, wherein the combustion chamber has a horizontally extending cylindrical shape,
  • each water tube has an arc shape arranged on left and right sides of the combustion chamber
  • a row of water tubes arranged on the left side of the combustion chamber are respectively connected by a linear left upper header ( 1 L) provided at an upper end and a linear left lower header ( 2 L) provided at a lower end,
  • a row of water tubes arranged on the right side of the combustion chamber are respectively connected by a linear right upper header ( 1 R) provided at an upper end and a linear right lower header ( 2 R) provided at a lower end,
  • a door (lid body 22 ) is formed on one end side facing the combustion chamber and a burner installed on an outer surface of the door and supplying combustion gas to the combustion chamber is provided,
  • the burner is provided with a recovered oil supply unit supplying recovered oil, a waste solvent supply unit for supplying a waste solvent,
  • an injected air supply unit for supplying injected air for spraying the recovered oil and the waste solvent in the burner
  • a combustion air supply unit for supplying combustion air for burning the recovered oil and the waste solvent in the burner
  • control unit for controlling supply of the recovered oil, the waste solvent, the injected air, and the combustion air.
  • Claim 2 is the multi-tube once-through boiler according to claim 1 , wherein the rows of water tubes are each composed of an inner water tube row and an outer water tube row, and each water tube of the outer water tube rows is arranged between water tubes of the inner water tube rows.
  • Claim 3 is the multi-tube once-through boiler according to claim 1 , wherein an openable and closable hole portion is formed in each front surface on the door (lid body 22 ) side of the left upper header ( 1 L) and the right upper header ( 1 R) and each front surface on the door (lid body 22 ) side of the left lower header ( 2 L) and the right lower header ( 2 R).
  • Claim 4 is the multi-tube once-through boiler according to claim 2 , wherein a group of rows of water tubes composed of the inner water tube rows and the outer water tube rows is arranged so that the door (lid body 22 ) side is located at a lower position than the innermost side of the combustion chamber.
  • the combustion chamber has a horizontally extending cylindrical shape and the door (lid body 22 ) is formed on one end side facing the combustion chamber, whereby the inside can be faced by opening and closing operation of the door (lid body 22 ) and the combustion chamber can be cleaned easily.
  • waste oil can be used as combustion fuel.
  • the recovered oil and the waste solvent are adjusted in injection amount and mixed in the burner using an injection unit and an injection unit, whereby the recovered oil and the waste solvent can be burned efficiently.
  • the recovered oil and the waste solvent which are waste agents, can be used as fuel, so that fuel costs can be reduced.
  • each water tube of the outer water tube rows between the water tubes of the inner water tube rows, a large number of water tubes can be stored compactly.
  • FIG. 1 is a front explanatory diagram showing a multi-tube once-through boiler according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a right-side explanatory diagram showing the multi-tube once-through boiler according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a left-side explanatory diagram showing the multi-tube once-through boiler according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a configuration of a peripheral part of a burner in the multi-tube once-through boiler
  • FIG. 5 is a front explanatory diagram of inner water tube rows and outer water tube rows of the multi-tube once-through boiler.
  • FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional explanatory diagram showing a connection structure between upper headers and inner water tubes and outer water tubes of the multi-tube once-through boiler.
  • FIG. 7 is a side explanatory diagram showing the inner water tube row and the outer water tube row of the multi-tube once-through boiler.
  • FIG. 8 is a plan explanatory diagram showing an example of a flow passage of combustion gas in a main body of the multi-tube once-through boiler.
  • FIG. 9 is a plan explanatory diagram showing another example of the flow passage of combustion gas in the main body of the multi-tube once-through boiler.
  • FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of a configuration showing a schematic structure of a conventional multi-tube once-through boiler.
  • FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional explanatory diagram taken along line A-A in FIG. 10 .
  • FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 show the appearance of the multi-tube once-through boiler, wherein a lid body 22 serving as a door for opening and closing the front side of a cylindrical main body 20 arranged sideways is rotatably attached to a hinge portion 21 attached to the main body 20 .
  • a burner 10 is installed on an outer surface of the lid body 22 , and fuel is supplied to the burner 10 and burned, thereby generating combustion gas in a combustion chamber 9 inside the main body 20 .
  • the combustion gas generated in the combustion chamber 9 of the main body 20 heats and evaporates boiler water within the water tubes to generate steam (consumed steam) and is carried out as combustion exhaust gas from a flue 12 provided on an upper part of the main body 20 .
  • the burner 10 is provided with a recovered oil supply unit 100 for supplying recovered oil, a waste solvent supply unit 200 for supplying a waste solvent, an injected air supply unit 300 for supplying injected air for spraying the recovered oil and the waste solvent in the burner 10 , and a combustion air supply unit 400 for supplying combustion air for burning the recovered oil and the waste solvent in the burner 10 .
  • Used engine oil etc. is used as the recovered oil.
  • the recovered oil supplied from the recovered oil supply unit 100 is supplied at a flow rate of 25 to 90 L/H when the amount of steam generated per hour is for 2 tons, and further is adjusted in the supply amount through the fuel control pump 101 and is guided to the injection unit 102 .
  • By-product oil is used as the waste solvent, and gutter oil (recycled edible oil), waste ink, etc. are included therein.
  • the waste solvent that can be used as the by-product oil includes all industrial waste of solvents conventionally disposed of.
  • the waste ink is an ink etc. to be disposed of that is generated when washing an ink adhering to a rotary press at the time of changing the color of printing in the rotary press, for example.
  • the waste solvent supplied from the waste solvent supply unit 200 is supplied at a flow rate of 20 to 50 L/H when the amount of steam generated per hour is for 2 tons, and further is adjusted in the supply amount according to the type of waste solvent through a fuel control pump 201 and is guided to an injection unit 202 .
  • the high-pressure air (0.6 to 0.7 MPa) supplied from the injected air supply unit 300 is branched into two systems, each adjusted in pressure by a pressure control unit 301 , and guided to an injection unit (compressor) 102 or an injection unit (compressor) 202 .
  • a predetermined supply amount (in this example, 25 to 90 L/H) of recovered oil and air of a predetermined pressure (2 to 3 kgf/cm 2 ) are mixed, whereby the recovered oil is sprayed in a mist form and guided into the burner 10 .
  • the supply amount is adjusted according to the type of recovered oil.
  • a predetermined supply amount in this example, 20 to 50 L/H
  • air of a predetermined pressure 2 to 3 kgf/cm 2
  • the supply amount is adjusted according to the type of waste solvent.
  • the recovered oil and waste solvent sprayed in the mist form and combustion air supplied from the combustion air supply unit (blower) 400 through a flow rate control unit 401 guide the recovered oil and the waste solvent into the main body 20 and burn them.
  • the burner 10 is provided with an ignition unit 500 and is configured to maintain combustion after igniting the recovered oil, waste solvent, and combustion air supplied into the burner 10 with LPG gas.
  • combustion can be efficiently performed in the main body 20 by adjusting the supply amounts of the recovered oil and the waste solvent and mixing them in a spraying state using the injection unit 102 and the injection unit 202 .
  • the recovered oil and the waste solvent can be used as boiler fuel, so that fuel costs can be reduced.
  • the used engine oil used as the recovered oil has zero carbon dioxide emissions (already converted when used as engine oil), so that such a calculation that the carbon dioxide emissions increase is not made even if the used engine oil is used as boiler fuel.
  • the used engine oil can be utilized effectively as fuel.
  • a horizontally extending cylindrical combustion chamber 9 is formed and a plurality of arc-shaped water tubes are arranged so as to surround the periphery of the combustion chamber 9 .
  • a group of water tubes arranged on the left inner side of the combustion chamber 9 is defined as an inner water tube row 3 L, and each upper end is connected by a linear left upper header 1 L and each lower end is connected by a linear left lower header 2 L.
  • a group of water tubes arranged on the right inner side of the combustion chamber 9 is defined as an inner water tube row 3 R, and each upper end is connected by a linear right upper header 1 R and each lower end is connected by a linear right lower header 2 R.
  • gaps between the water tubes constituting the left and right inner water tube rows 3 L, 3 R are connected by blocking fins 8 .
  • the entire main body 20 of the multi-tube once-through boiler is covered with a heat insulating material 14 .
  • the combustion chamber 9 installed with a collision wall 30 composed of a thick refractory material is formed.
  • the combustion gas injected from the burner 10 is configured to all flow back after colliding with the collision wall 30 .
  • each upper end of the left group of water tubes is connected to the left upper header 1 L and each lower end thereof is connected to the left lower header 2 L
  • each upper end of the right group of water tubes is connected to the right upper header 1 R and each lower end is connected to the right lower header 2 R.
  • Gaps between the water tubes constituting the left and right outer water tube rows 4 are connected by the blocking fins 8 similar to the inner water tube rows 3 .
  • an inner smoke passage port 5 is formed between an inner wall of the lid body 22 and the end water tubes, and a notch (inner smoke passage port 5 A) is formed on the blocking fins 8 connecting the water tubes of the inner water tube row 3 . That is, as shown in FIG. 7 , the notches (hatched portions) are each formed on three blocking fins 8 from the lid body 22 side.
  • the notches are formed by three-step openings in which their notch areas become the largest on the lid body 22 side. This makes it easy for the combustion gas colliding with the collision wall 30 and flowing back to return to the vicinity of the lid body 22 side by enlarging the notch at the position near the outlet of the combustion gas of the burner 10 (see FIG. 7 ).
  • the combustion gas flowing back to the lid body 22 side is configured to be guided between the inner water tube row 3 and the outer water tube row 4 and flow toward the collision wall 30 side outside the annular partition wall 15 .
  • Lower surfaces of the left lower header 2 L and the right lower header 2 R are each provided with a water supply port 23 , and upper surfaces of the left upper header 1 L and the right upper header 1 R are each provided with a steam discharge port 24 .
  • the group of rows of water tubes composed of the inner water tube rows 3 (left inner water tube row 3 L and right inner water tube row 3 R) and the outer water tube rows 4 (left outer water tube row 4 L and right outer water tube row 4 R) is inclined and arranged within the main body 20 so that the lid body (door) 22 side is at a lower position than the innermost side.
  • the inclination angle is preferably about 5 degrees, for example.
  • a screw lid 25 is attached to the lid body (door) 22 side of the upper headers 1 L, 1 R and the lower headers 2 L, 2 R. By removing the screw lids 25 , hole portions can be opened in the upper headers and the lower headers.
  • Washing water is supplied from the hole portions on the upper header 1 L, 1 R side and discharged from the hole portions on the lower header 2 L, 2 R side, whereby the inside of each water tube can be washed.
  • the lid body (door) 22 side is arranged at a position lower than the innermost side, the water for washing the inside of the water tube can be easily discharged from the hole portions on the lower header 2 L, 2 R side.
  • the combustion gas is bounced back by the collision wall 30 installed at an end portion of the combustion chamber 9 and returned to the lid body 22 side, and as shown in FIG. 8 , is guided from the inner smoke passage port 5 and the notches (inner smoke passage ports 5 A) to a combustion gas passage 7 A between the inner water tube row 3 and the outer water tube row 4 and comes into contact with the inner surfaces of the inner water tube row 3 and the inner surface of the outer water tuber row 4 to heat the boiler water within the water tubes.
  • the boiler water within the water tubes of the inner water tube rows 3 and the outer water tube rows 4 are heated to become steam, which is taken out as consumed steam from the steam discharge ports 24 provided to the left upper header 1 L and the right upper header 1 R and is consumed at a desired supply place.
  • the combustion gas is lowered in temperature by heating the boiler water within the water tubes and is discharged outside from the flue 12 .
  • the lid body (door) 22 can be formed on one end side facing the combustion chamber 9 by forming the combustion chamber 9 into the horizontally extending cylindrical shape, so that the inside of the combustion chamber 9 can be opened by opening and closing operation of the lid body (door) 22 .
  • the inside can be easily cleaned to remove the impurities from the side by being opened.
  • the recovered oil is injected from the injection unit 102
  • the waste solvent is injected from the injection unit 202 , and they are adjusted in injection amount and mixed in the burner 10 , whereby the recovered oil and the waste solvent can be burned efficiently.
  • the recovered oil and the waste solvent which are waste agents, can be used as fuel, so that fuel costs can be reduced.
  • FIG. 9 shows another embodiment of the multi-tube once-through boiler, which is an example in which the forming position of the notches serving as the inner smoke passage ports is different from that of FIG. 8 . That is, in the multi-tube once-through boiler of FIG. 9 , the water tubes of the inner water tube rows 3 and the outer water tube rows 4 are connected by the blocking fins 8 , and notches (inner smoke passage ports 5 B) are each formed on three blocking fins 8 on both sides of the combustion gas supply side (lid body 22 side) of the outer water tube rows 4 . Other configurations are the same as those of the multi-tube once-through boiler of FIG. 5 to FIG. 8 .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Cleaning By Liquid Or Steam (AREA)
US17/433,376 2019-03-15 2019-03-15 Multi-tube once-through boiler Pending US20220170626A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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PCT/JP2019/010813 WO2020188625A1 (fr) 2019-03-15 2019-03-15 Chaudière à circulation forcée à tubes multiples

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US (1) US20220170626A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP3940292B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP7128344B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN113557389A (fr)
DK (1) DK3940292T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2954770T3 (fr)
PL (1) PL3940292T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2020188625A1 (fr)

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JP7099864B2 (ja) * 2018-04-27 2022-07-12 猪野 貴行 多管式貫流ボイラー
WO2024089790A1 (fr) * 2022-10-26 2024-05-02 株式会社日本汽罐 Chaudière à passage unique à tuyaux multiples et son procédé de fonctionnement

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JP7128344B2 (ja) 2022-08-30
CN113557389A (zh) 2021-10-26
EP3940292A1 (fr) 2022-01-19
EP3940292A4 (fr) 2022-11-16
JPWO2020188625A1 (fr) 2020-09-24
KR20210122831A (ko) 2021-10-12
WO2020188625A1 (fr) 2020-09-24
PL3940292T3 (pl) 2023-11-06
EP3940292B1 (fr) 2023-06-07
DK3940292T3 (da) 2023-06-26
ES2954770T3 (es) 2023-11-24

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