WO2008004281A1 - Appareil de combustion - Google Patents

Appareil de combustion

Info

Publication number
WO2008004281A1
WO2008004281A1 PCT/JP2006/313329 JP2006313329W WO2008004281A1 WO 2008004281 A1 WO2008004281 A1 WO 2008004281A1 JP 2006313329 W JP2006313329 W JP 2006313329W WO 2008004281 A1 WO2008004281 A1 WO 2008004281A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
air ratio
catalyst
carbon monoxide
panner
concentration
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2006/313329
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Osamu Tanaka
Yukihiro Tokunaga
Yusuke Okamoto
Kenji Yasui
Original Assignee
Miura Co., Ltd.
Miura Protec Co., Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Miura Co., Ltd., Miura Protec Co., Ltd. filed Critical Miura Co., Ltd.
Priority to PCT/JP2006/313329 priority Critical patent/WO2008004281A1/fr
Priority to US12/158,166 priority patent/US7972581B1/en
Priority to CN2007800121610A priority patent/CN101415994B/zh
Priority to KR1020097000917A priority patent/KR101373590B1/ko
Priority to EP07741638A priority patent/EP2037170A1/fr
Priority to KR1020097002020A priority patent/KR101381622B1/ko
Priority to PCT/JP2007/058202 priority patent/WO2008004371A1/fr
Priority to PCT/JP2007/058143 priority patent/WO2008004369A1/fr
Priority to CN2007800327859A priority patent/CN101512224B/zh
Priority to KR1020097000918A priority patent/KR101362829B1/ko
Priority to US12/282,478 priority patent/US20090025655A1/en
Priority to PCT/JP2007/058144 priority patent/WO2008004370A1/fr
Priority to EP07741580A priority patent/EP2039995A1/fr
Priority to US12/281,556 priority patent/US8113822B2/en
Priority to EP07741579A priority patent/EP2037169A1/fr
Priority to CN2007800123813A priority patent/CN101415996B/zh
Publication of WO2008004281A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008004281A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
    • F23N1/02—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply
    • F23N1/022—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/003—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to combustion gas properties
    • F23N5/006—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to combustion gas properties the detector being sensitive to oxygen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2219/00—Treatment devices
    • F23J2219/10—Catalytic reduction devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2235/00—Valves, nozzles or pumps
    • F23N2235/02—Air or combustion gas valves or dampers
    • F23N2235/06—Air or combustion gas valves or dampers at the air intake
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2235/00—Valves, nozzles or pumps
    • F23N2235/02—Air or combustion gas valves or dampers
    • F23N2235/10—Air or combustion gas valves or dampers power assisted, e.g. using electric motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2235/00—Valves, nozzles or pumps
    • F23N2235/12—Fuel valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2241/00—Applications
    • F23N2241/04—Heating water

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a combustion apparatus applied to a water tube boiler, a regenerator of an absorption chiller, and the like.
  • the low NOx technologies described in Patent Documents 3 and 4 belong to a so-called high air ratio combustion region having an air ratio of 1.38 or more.
  • the premixed combustion region where the air ratio is 1.1 or less hereinafter referred to as “low air ratio”
  • the amount of carbon monoxide and carbon is increased, making it difficult to put it into practical use, and the air specific force ⁇
  • stable combustion control is difficult, such as causing a backfire, so the low air ratio combustion region has not been the subject of research and development until now.
  • Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent No. 3221582
  • Patent Document 2 US Patent No. 5353748
  • Patent Document 3 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-125378
  • Patent Document 4 U.S. Patent No. 6792895
  • the inventors of this application have reduced the amount of nitrogen oxides emissions to nearly zero in a combustion region with a low air ratio that is as close to 1 as possible with little research.
  • the problem to be solved by the present invention is, firstly, to reduce the amount of nitrogen oxides to almost zero and to reduce the amount of carbon monoxide to an allowable range. .
  • the second is to realize energy saving by combustion at a low air ratio close to 1.
  • the air ratio control is stably performed in the combustion region of the low air ratio.
  • the present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems.
  • the invention according to claim 1 is directed to a burner, a heat absorption means for performing heat absorption from a gas generated by the burner, and the heat absorption hand.
  • a catalyst for oxidizing carbon monoxide contained in the gas after passing through the stage and reducing nitrogen oxide by carbon monoxide, a sensor for detecting the air ratio of the PANA, and a detection signal of the sensor An air ratio adjusting means for controlling the air ratio of the burner to a set air ratio, and when the air ratio adjusting means adjusts the air ratio to the set air ratio by the air ratio adjusting means,
  • the catalyst is characterized in that the concentration ratio of oxygen, nitrogen oxide and carbon monoxide on the primary side of the catalyst can be obtained so that the nitrogen oxide concentration on the secondary side is substantially zero.
  • the detected air ratio and the set air ratio can be replaced with a detected air-fuel ratio, a set air-fuel ratio or a detected oxygen concentration, and a set oxygen concentration, respectively.
  • the invention according to claim 2 oxidizes carbon monoxide contained in the gas after passing through the heat absorption means that absorbs heat from the gas generated by the burner, and the gas generated in the heat absorption means.
  • the air ratio is characterized by NOx ⁇ CO characteristics.
  • the invention according to claim 3 oxidizes carbon monoxide contained in the gas after passing through the endurance means, endothermic means for absorbing heat from the gas generated in the parner, and the endothermic means.
  • the carbon monoxide concentration in the gas on the primary side of the catalyst is increased by the acid ratio adjusting means.
  • the invention according to claim 4 oxidizes carbon, monoxide contained in the gas after passing through the endotherm, endothermic means that absorbs heat from the gas generated in the parner.
  • the concentration ratio of the gas before flowing into the catalyst is expressed by the following equation (1): Combustion device characterized by being configured to satisfy.
  • [CO], [NOx] and [O] are the carbon monoxide concentration and nitrogen acid, respectively.
  • the invention of claim 5 is characterized in that, in claim 1 to claim 4, the set air ratio is substantially 1.
  • the invention according to claim 6 oxidizes carbon, monoxide contained in the gas after passing through the heat absorption means that absorbs heat from the gas generated in the burner, and the heat generated by the heat absorption means.
  • the burner and the endothermic means are used to oxidize oxygen and nitrogen on the primary side of the catalyst so that the nitrogen oxide concentration and oxygen concentration on the secondary side of the catalyst become substantially zero by controlling the air ratio of the air ratio adjusting means. It is structured to be able to obtain the concentration ratio of the product and carbon monoxide.
  • the oxygen concentration is substantially zero, the force to make lOOppm or less, preferably the measurement limit value or less.
  • the amount of nitrogen oxides discharged can be reduced to nearly zero, and can be reduced to as close as 1 to realize energy saving by low air ratio combustion.
  • the invention according to claim 7 is the invention according to claim 1 to claim 6, wherein the air ratio adjusting means includes an electric control means and Z or mechanical control means for stably controlling the air ratio. It is characterized by that.
  • the air ratio can be stably controlled, and oxygen and carbon monoxide on the primary side of the catalyst.
  • the concentration ratio and nitrogen oxide concentration ratio adjustment can be realized stably.
  • the invention according to claim 8 is the invention according to claim 7, wherein the air ratio adjusting means includes a flow rate adjusting means for controlling an air ratio of the burner, a motor for controlling an opening degree of the flow rate adjusting means, And a mechanical control unit configured to control the degree of opening change of the flow rate adjusting unit in accordance with a driving amount.
  • the air ratio adjusting means includes a flow rate adjusting means for controlling an air ratio of the burner, a motor for controlling an opening degree of the flow rate adjusting means, And a mechanical control unit configured to control the degree of opening change of the flow rate adjusting unit in accordance with a driving amount.
  • the opening degree change amount of the flow rate adjusting means is controlled by a motor that controls according to the drive amount.
  • the opening degree of the flow rate adjusting means can be reliably controlled.
  • the invention according to claim 9 is characterized in that, in claim 8, the motor is a stepping motor.
  • the invention according to claim 10 is the invention according to claim 7, wherein the air ratio adjusting means includes a flow rate adjusting means for controlling an air ratio of the burner and a motor for controlling an opening degree of the flow rate adjusting means. And the electric control means for controlling the air ratio detected by the sensor to be within a set range including the set air ratio.
  • the air ratio can be converged and controlled within the set range, so that the air ratio can be controlled stably. It has the effect of being able to
  • the invention according to claim 11 is the mechanical control device according to claim 10, wherein the motor is a motor that controls an amount of change in opening of the flow rate adjusting means according to a drive amount. It is characterized by comprising steps.
  • the opening degree change amount of the flow rate adjusting means is controlled by a motor that controls according to the drive amount.
  • the opening degree of the flow rate adjusting means can be reliably controlled.
  • the invention according to claim 12 is the invention according to claim 11, wherein the electrical control means changes a drive amount per unit time of the motor in accordance with a difference between the detected air ratio and the set air ratio.
  • a first control zone and a second control zone with the drive amount set to a predetermined value outside the first control zone are provided to control the drive amount of the motor.
  • the air ratio can be set to the first control zone in terms of speed and force.
  • the invention of claim 13 is characterized in that in claim 1 to claim 11, the panner is a premixed panner.
  • FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of a longitudinal section of a steam boiler according to a first embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II—II in FIG.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a main configuration of the catalyst of FIG. 2 as viewed from the flow direction of exhaust gas.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the air ratio- ⁇ ⁇ CO characteristics of Example 1.
  • FIG. 5 is an explanatory view of a partial cross section of the damper position adjusting device according to the first embodiment when used.
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional explanatory view of a main part of the damper position adjusting device.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining output characteristics of the sensor of the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining motor control characteristics of the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating NOx and CO reduction characteristics of Example 1.
  • FIG. 10 is an explanatory view of a longitudinal section of a steam boiler according to the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining motor control characteristics of the second embodiment.
  • Gas refers to the gas from the PANA to the end of passing through the catalyst, and the gas after passing through the catalyst is referred to as “exhaust gas”. Therefore, the gas includes a gas in the combustion reaction (combustion process) and a gas in which the combustion reaction is completed, and can be referred to as a combustion gas.
  • gas refers to the gas that has passed through the final stage catalyst, and “exhaust gas” refers to the final stage catalyst. The gas after passing through.
  • the "primary side of the catalyst” is the side where the catalyst is provided with a partner! /, And unless otherwise specified, refers to the gas immediately before passing through the catalyst. “Secondary side” refers to the opposite side of the primary side of the catalyst.
  • not containing HC means that the gas substantially contains HC that reduces nitrogen oxides (below the measurement limit).
  • [O] used to calculate the air ratio is excessive in the oxygen excess region. It represents the oxygen concentration.
  • a combustion apparatus (may be referred to as a thermal apparatus or a combustion apparatus) such as a water tube boiler such as a small once-through boiler, a water heater, or a regenerator of an absorption chiller.
  • An embodiment of the present invention includes a burner, a heat absorption means that absorbs heat from the gas generated in the parser, and carbon monoxide contained in the gas that has passed through the heat absorption means to oxidize and nitrify carbon monoxide.
  • a catalyst for reducing oxygen oxide with carbon monoxide a sensor for detecting the air ratio of the panner, and an air ratio adjusting means for controlling the air ratio of the panner to a set air ratio based on the detection signal of the sensor And when the air ratio is adjusted to the set air ratio by the air ratio adjusting means, the nitrogen gas concentration on the secondary side of the catalyst is substantially zero.
  • It is a combustor characterized by being configured to obtain a concentration ratio of oxygen, nitrogen oxides, and carbon monoxide on the primary side of the catalyst.
  • the set air ratio is preferably controlled to a set air ratio of 1.
  • the oxygen concentration on the primary side of the catalyst that can satisfy the set air ratio of 1 is a predetermined concentration.
  • the air ratio can also be controlled so that Further, “when adjusting to the set air ratio by the air ratio adjusting means, the concentration of nitrogen oxides on the secondary side of the catalyst is substantially zero, and the oxygen, nitrogen oxides on the primary side of the catalyst and “The concentration ratio of carbon monoxide can be obtained” is satisfied at the set air ratio.
  • the burner burns while the air ratio is controlled to the set air ratio by the air ratio adjusting means.
  • the gas generated by combustion is subjected to an endothermic action by the endothermic body, and then the carbon monoxide is oxidized by the catalyst and the nitrogen oxide is reduced.
  • the emission of nitrogen oxides in the gas is reduced to a value close to zero of 5 ppm or less.
  • carbon monoxide emission is reduced.
  • the nitrogen oxide concentration on the secondary side of the catalyst is substantially zero, the nitrogen oxide concentration is 5 ppm, preferably 3 ppm, and more preferably Oppm.
  • the air ratio is adjusted by the air ratio adjusting means.
  • a concentration ratio of oxygen, nitrogen oxides, and carbon monoxide on the primary side of the catalyst can be obtained in which the nitrogen oxide concentration on the secondary side of the catalyst is substantially zero.
  • the air ratio adjusting means includes an electrical control means and Z or mechanical control means for stably controlling the air ratio. By doing so, stable air ratio control can be performed.
  • the concentration ratio adjustment on the primary side of the catalyst is preferably such that the concentration of carbon monoxide in the gas on the primary side of the catalyst is reduced in the catalyst by oxidation of carbon monoxide (first reaction). It is almost equal to or higher than the sum of the concentration of carbon monoxide and the concentration of carbon monoxide reduced in the catalyst by the reduction of nitrogen oxides with carbon monoxide (second reaction). Controlled.
  • This reduction action is considered to be performed as follows.
  • the catalyst In a gas that does not contain HC (hydrocarbon), the catalyst generates, as the main reaction, a first reaction that oxidizes carbon monoxide and a second reaction that reduces nitrogen oxides with carbon monoxide. ing.
  • the reaction catalytic reaction
  • the first reaction in the presence of oxygen, the first reaction is superior to the second reaction, and carbon monoxide is consumed by oxygen based on the first reaction.
  • the nitrogen oxides are reduced by the second reaction.
  • the first reaction is a competitive reaction with the second reaction, but the reaction between carbon monoxide and oxygen occurs apparently faster in the presence of oxygen than the second reaction. It is considered that the first reaction is performed in the stage and the second reaction is performed in the second stage.
  • NO is used without using NOx.
  • the composition of the generated nitrogen oxide in the high temperature field is NO as the main component, and NO is a number % Over
  • NO if present, is the same as NO It is thought that it is reduced by CO.
  • the panner and the endothermic body are configured to adjust the concentration ratio by both.
  • the panner and the endothermic body have the following air ratio NOx′CO characteristics.
  • This air ratio-one NOx'CO characteristic is obtained when the air ratio is adjusted to the set air ratio by the air ratio adjusting means so that the concentration of nitrogen oxides on the secondary side of the catalyst is substantially zero.
  • the concentration ratio of oxygen, nitrogen oxides, and carbon monoxide in the primary gas can be obtained.
  • the air ratio-one NOx'CO characteristic is preferably such that the concentration of the nitrogen oxides on the primary side of the catalyst is 300 ppm or less. By doing so, the amount of the catalyst used can be reduced.
  • the concentration ratio adjustment by the PANA and the endothermic material is performed by obtaining an air ratio-one NOx'CO characteristic based on experimental data.
  • concentration ratio By adjusting the concentration ratio, the carbon monoxide concentration in the gas on the primary side of the catalyst is reduced in the catalyst by the oxidation of carbon monoxide and the monoacid acid and nitrogen monoxide monoacids. If the concentration ratio cannot be adjusted to a value that is approximately equal to or greater than the sum of the concentration of carbon monoxide and carbon that is reduced in the catalyst by reduction with carbon, it is It can be configured to adjust by carbon injection or oxygen injection.
  • the concentration ratio adjustment is preferably performed by suppressing the nitrogen oxide amount and the carbon monoxide amount to a predetermined amount or less by adjusting the combustion temperature and reducing the carbon monoxide concentration obtained by maintaining the gas temperature. This is done by not reducing it. Carbon monoxide carbon is easily oxidized when the gas temperature is about 900 ° C. or higher. Therefore, it is preferable that the gas flow at the primary side of the catalyst is maintained at 600 ° C. or lower so that the gas temperature is maintained at 600 ° C. or lower.
  • the above-mentioned heat sink is constituted.
  • [CO], [NOx] and [O] are the carbon monoxide concentration and nitrogen acid, respectively.
  • the nitrogen oxide concentration ([NOx]) is the total concentration of the nitric oxide concentration ([NO]) and the diacid nitrogen concentration ([NO]). Further, the above formula (1) is satisfied.
  • Concentration ratio of carbon monoxide concentration, nitrogen oxide concentration, and oxygen concentration is the predetermined concentration ratio.
  • the concentration of carbon monoxide is higher than the concentration necessary for the reduction of the nitrogen oxides, so the exhaust oxygen concentration is zero, and the catalyst Carbon monoxide remains in the gas after passing. For this reason, the lower limit of the concentration ratio in the formula (1) is not provided.
  • the oxidation means can be configured to provide a catalyst separate from the catalyst and oxidize carbon monoxide by introducing oxygen upstream of the catalyst.
  • the concentration ratio value exceeding 1.0 of 2.0 is considered to be due to the following reason, which is an experimentally obtained value.
  • the reaction occurring in the catalyst has not been completely elucidated, and it is considered that a side reaction occurs in addition to the main reaction of the first reaction and the second reaction.
  • As one of the side reactions hydrogen is generated by the reaction between steam and carbon monoxide, and nitrogen oxide and oxygen are reduced by this hydrogen.
  • the panner is preferably an all-primary air premixed panner that premixes and burns gas fuel.
  • the concentration ratio as shown in the above formula (1) for oxygen, nitrogen oxides, and carbon monoxide is reduced. is important.
  • the premixing burner as the burner, the predetermined concentration ratio can be obtained relatively easily in a low air ratio region.
  • a premixing panner is used. Can be other than PANA wear.
  • the oxygen concentration O on the primary side of the catalyst is 0% under the condition of satisfying the formula (1).
  • the heat absorber is a water pipe when the combustion apparatus is a boiler, and an absorbing liquid concentrating pipe when it is a regenerator.
  • the endothermic body also has a function of controlling the gas temperature flowing into the catalyst close to the activation temperature of the catalyst. That is, the gas temperature is controlled to a temperature that effectively causes the first reaction and the second reaction, suppresses deterioration due to temperature, and considers durability.
  • the catalyst is a catalyst having a function of reducing the nitrogen oxides in a state where HC is not contained in the gas, and has a structure in which a catalytically active substance is supported on a base material having air permeability.
  • a base material metals such as stainless steel and ceramics are used, and a surface treatment is applied to widen the contact area with the exhaust gas.
  • Platinum is generally used as the catalytically active material, but depending on the implementation, noble metals represented by platinum (Ag, Au, Rh, Ru, Pt, Pd) or metal oxides should be used. Can do.
  • the air ratio adjusting means includes a flow rate adjusting means, a motor for driving the flow rate adjusting means, and a control means for controlling the motor.
  • the flow rate adjusting means is a means for adjusting the air ratio of the burner by changing one or both of the burner air amount and fuel amount of the burner to change the ratio between them.
  • a damper (including the meaning of a valve) is preferably used.
  • the structure of this damper includes a rotary type that changes the opening degree of the flow path by a valve body that rotates around a rotating shaft, and a slide type that changes the opening degree of the flow path by sliding with respect to the cross-sectional opening of the flow path. It can be done.
  • this flow rate adjusting means changes the amount of combustion air
  • it is preferably provided in the air flow path between the blower and the fuel supply means, but the suction port of the blower such as the suction port of the blower. Can be provided on the side.
  • the motor is preferably means for driving the flow rate adjusting means, and the flow rate adjusting means.
  • This motor constitutes a part of “mechanical control means” for stably controlling the air ratio of the present invention.
  • the phrase “the amount of opening can be controlled according to the amount of driving” means that the opening of the flow rate adjusting valve can be stopped at a specific position if the amount of driving is determined. Further, “the drive amount per unit time can be adjusted” means that the responsiveness of the position control can be adjusted.
  • This motor is preferably a force gear motor (which can be called a geared motor), a servo motor, or the like, which is a stepping motor (which can be called a step motor).
  • the stepping motor it is a driving pulse to which the driving amount is applied, and the opening position of the flow rate adjusting means is opened and closed by an amount corresponding to the number of reference opening position force driving pulses, and is arbitrarily set.
  • the target stop position can be controlled.
  • the driving amount is the opening / closing driving time
  • the opening position of the flow rate adjusting means is opened / closed by an amount corresponding to the reference opening position force opening / closing driving time. It can be controlled to any desired stop position.
  • An oxygen concentration meter expressed as the value of can be suitably used.
  • an air ratio can be obtained approximately by combining an oxygen concentration sensor and a carbon monoxide concentration sensor.
  • the mounting position of the sensor as described above is preferably the secondary side of the catalyst, but is not limited to this, and the exhaust heat recovery is performed on the primary side of the catalyst or on the downstream side of the catalyst. If a vessel is provided, this can be the downstream side.
  • the control means inputs the detection value of the sensor, feedback-controls the driving amount of the motor, and controls the primary gas in the primary side of the catalyst.
  • the oxycarbon concentration is approximately equal to the value obtained by adding the concentration of carbon monoxide reduced in the catalyst by the acid and the concentration of carbon monoxide reduced in the catalyst by the reduction, or
  • the air ratio is controlled to a set air ratio of 1 so as to satisfy the above or to satisfy the formula (1).
  • the air ratio control program can be expressed as a drive amount per unit time of the motor (time per drive unit) according to a difference between the detected air ratio and the set air ratio.
  • This control constitutes the electrical control means for controlling so that the detected air ratio of the present invention falls within a set range centered on the set air ratio.
  • the air ratio control program is not limited to this control method, and can be various PID controls.
  • the control amount in the first control zone can be controlled by the product of the difference between the detected air ratio and the set air ratio and the set gain. By such control, it is possible to quickly control the set air ratio and to achieve an effect of performing control with less overshoot and notching.
  • the concentration ratio adjustment by the burner and the endothermic body includes a form which is performed by an element constituting the gas passage to the burner and the catalyst other than the endothermic body and an element included in the gas passage.
  • the mechanical control means comprises a combustion air supply passage comprising a main passage and an auxiliary passage in parallel therewith, and the air flow rate is roughly adjusted by the operation of a valve body provided in the main passage.
  • the air flow rate can be finely adjusted by the operation of the valve provided in the auxiliary passage.
  • the mechanical control means comprises a fuel supply passage comprising a main passage and an auxiliary passage in parallel therewith, and the air flow rate is roughly adjusted by the operation of a valve provided in the main passage, and is provided in the auxiliary passage.
  • the air flow rate can be finely adjusted by the operation of the valve body.
  • FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of a longitudinal section of the steam boiler of the first embodiment
  • FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II in FIG. 1
  • FIG. 3 is a flow direction of exhaust gas through the catalyst of FIG.
  • Fig. 4 is a diagram illustrating the air ratio NOx'CO characteristic of the first embodiment
  • Fig. 5 is a diagram illustrating the use of the damper position adjusting device of the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a partial cross section of the damper position adjusting device in use
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating the output characteristics of the sensor of the first embodiment.
  • Figure 8 shows the motor control characteristics of Example 1.
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating the NOx and CO reduction characteristics of the first embodiment.
  • This steam boiler is composed of a can 3 including a heat exchanger tube (water tube) group 2 as a heat absorption means for absorbing heat generated by the gas generator 1 and the gas generated from the heat generator tube 1, and the oxygen after passing through the heat transfer tube group 2.
  • a gas containing nitrogen oxide and carbon monoxide at a predetermined concentration ratio passes through them, and the gas fuel is supplied to the catalyst 4 that oxidizes the carbon monoxide and reduces the nitrogen oxide, and to the above-mentioned Parner 1.
  • the burner 1 is a complete premix burner having a flat combustion surface (a premixed gas ejection surface).
  • This panner 1 has the same configuration as the panner described in Patent Document 1.
  • the can body 3 includes an upper header 9 and a lower header 10, and a plurality of inner water tubes 11, 11,... Constituting the water tube group 2 are arranged between the headers. Then, as shown in FIG. 2, a pair of water pipe walls 14, 14 formed by connecting outer water pipes 12, 12,... With connecting members 13, 13,. A first gas passage 15 is formed between the water pipe walls 14 and 14 and the upper header 9 and the lower header 10 so that the gas from the Parner 1 flows almost linearly. One end of the first gas passage 15 is provided with the above-described Parner 1, and a second gas passage (smoke) 17 through which exhaust gas flows is connected to the exhaust gas outlet 16 at the other end.
  • the parner 1 and the can 3 are known ones.
  • the second gas passage 17 includes a horizontal part 18 and a vertical part 19, and the catalyst 4 is attached to the horizontal part 18.
  • a feed water preheater 20 as an exhaust heat recovery device is attached to the vertical portion 19 so as to be located downstream of the catalyst 4, and the sensor 7 is disposed between the catalyst 4 and the feed water preheater 20. ing.
  • the components from the Parner 1 including the Parner 1 and the pre-water pipe group 2 to the catalyst 4 adjust the predetermined concentration ratio in the gas on the primary side of the catalyst 4. sand That is, the air ratio is adjusted to the set air ratio by an air ratio adjusting means 28, which will be described later, so that the air ratio 1 ⁇ ⁇ CO characteristic shown in FIG. 4 can be obtained.
  • This air ratio one NOx ⁇ CO characteristic is the above-mentioned in the primary side gas of the catalyst 4 in which the nitrogen oxide concentration on the secondary side of the catalyst 4 is substantially zero when adjusted to the set air ratio.
  • a predetermined concentration ratio is obtained.
  • This air ratio 1 NOx 'CO characteristic is a novel characteristic of the low air ratio region that has been studied so far.
  • the catalyst 4 oxidizes carbon monoxide and carbon contained in the gas not containing HC after passing through the water tube group 2 (first reaction) and reduces nitrogen oxides (second reaction).
  • a catalyst having a catalytically active material as platinum is used.
  • the gas and the catalyst satisfying the concentration ratio formula of the formula (1) are theoretically considered based on the experimental results. It is considered that the contact with the catalytically active substance 4 mainly causes a first reaction that oxidizes carbon monoxide and a second reaction that reduces nitrogen oxides with monoxide carbon. Whether or not the reaction proceeds in the first reaction is determined depending on the oxygen concentration. In the catalyst 4, the first reaction is considered to be superior to the second reaction.
  • the catalyst 4 will be described more specifically.
  • This catalyst has a structure as shown in FIG. 3, and is formed as follows, for example. A large number of minute irregularities are formed on the surfaces of the flat plate 21 and the corrugated plate 22 made of stainless steel as the base material, and a catalytically active material (not shown) is supported on the surfaces. Next, the flat plate 21 and the corrugated plate 22 having a predetermined width are overlapped with each other and then wound into a spiral shape to form a roll. This roll-shaped product is surrounded and fixed by the side plate 23. Platinum is used as the catalytically active material. In FIG. 3, only a part of the flat plate 21 and the corrugated plate 22 is shown.
  • the catalyst 4 has oxidation activity in a low temperature region, and is disposed in the horizontal portion 18 in the middle of the second gas passage 17, at an exhaust gas temperature of about 100 ° C to 350 ° C. Has been.
  • the catalyst 4 is detachably attached to the second gas passage 17 so that it can be replaced when the performance deteriorates! Speak.
  • the fuel supply means 5 includes a gas fuel supply pipe 24 and a fuel provided in the gas fuel supply pipe 24. It is configured to include a flow rate adjusting valve 25 for adjusting the charge flow rate.
  • the flow rate adjusting valve 25 has a function of controlling the fuel supply amount to a high combustion flow rate and a low combustion flow rate.
  • the combustion air supply means 6 adjusts the amount of combustion air that flows through the air blower 26, the air supply passage 27 that supplies the combustion air from the air blower 26 to the burner 1, and the air supply passage 27.
  • the air ratio adjusting means 28 for adjusting the air ratio of the PANA 1 is included.
  • the gas fuel supply pipe 24 is connected to the air supply passage 27 so as to eject fuel gas.
  • the air ratio adjusting means 28 is a damper 29 as a flow rate adjusting means for adjusting the opening degree (flow passage cross-sectional area) of the air supply passage 27, and the opening position of the damper 29 is adjusted.
  • the damper position adjusting device 30 and the controller 8 for controlling the operation of the damper position adjusting device 30 are configured.
  • the damper position adjusting device 30 includes a drive shaft 32 that is detachably connected to the rotary shaft 31 of the damper 29.
  • the drive shaft 32 is connected via a speed reducer 33. It can be rotated by motor 34.
  • motor 34 a motor capable of arbitrarily adjusting the rotation stop position is used. In this embodiment, a stepping motor (pulse motor) is used.
  • the drive shaft 32 is connected to the rotary shaft 31 of the damper 29 via a coupling 35 so that the drive shaft 32 can rotate integrally on substantially the same axis.
  • the coupling 35 has a stepped columnar shape, and a small diameter hole 36 and a large diameter hole 37 are formed in the central portion thereof so as to penetrate in the axial direction.
  • the drive shaft 32 is inserted into the small diameter hole 36, and the drive shaft 32 is integrated with the coupling 35 with a mounting screw 38.
  • a rotary shaft 31 of the damper 29 can be inserted into the large-diameter hole 37, and the rotary shaft 31 can rotate integrally with the coupling 35 by a key 39.
  • key grooves 40 and 41 are formed in the large-diameter hole 37 of the rotary shaft 31 and the coupling 35, respectively.
  • Such a coupling 35 is rotatably held by the outer case 43 of the damper position adjusting device 30 through the bearing 42 at the other end with the drive shaft 32 inserted at one end. It is. In the outer case 43, the speed reducer 33 and the motor 34 are held at one end, and the large diameter hole 37 with the keyway 41 of the coupling 35 is exposed at the other end. Thus, the coupling 35 and the rotation abnormality detection means 44 are sealed inside.
  • the rotation abnormality detecting means 44 includes a detected plate 45 and a detector 46.
  • the detected plate 45 is fixed to the stepped portion at the axially central portion of the coupling 35 so as to extend radially outward.
  • the detection plate 45 is provided concentrically with the coupling 35 and the drive shaft 32.
  • a slit forming region 48 in which a large number of slits 47, 47... Are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction is provided in a part of the outer peripheral portion of the detection plate 45.
  • the slit forming region 48 is provided for the arc of a quarter (90 degrees).
  • the slits 47 formed in the slit formation region 48 have the same shape and size. In this embodiment, elongated rectangular grooves along the radial direction of the plate 45 to be detected are punched and formed at equal intervals along the circumferential direction.
  • the detector 46 for detecting the slit 47 is fixed to the outer case 43.
  • the detector 46 is a transmissive photointerrupter, and is attached in a state where the outer peripheral portion of the detection plate 45 is interposed between the light emitting element 49 and the light receiving element 50.
  • a position corresponding to the detector 46 from the light emitting element 49 to the light receiving element 50.
  • Whether the light receiving element 50 receives light from the light emitting element 49 or not is switched depending on whether the slit 47 of the detection plate 45 is disposed at a position corresponding to the optical path). Thereby, the opening position of the damper 29 can be detected.
  • the damper position adjusting device 30 has the damper 29 in the state in which the clockwise end slit 51 of the slit forming region 48 in Fig. 6 is disposed at a position corresponding to the detector 46.
  • the air supply passage 27 is positioned so as to be fully closed, and is attached to the rotary shaft 31 of the damper 29.
  • the slit forming region 48 is formed by 90 degrees of the detection plate 45, the clockwise end slit 51 of the slit forming region 48 corresponds to the detector 46.
  • the damper 29 fully closes the air supply passage 27 as described above, while the counter slit 52 in the counterclockwise direction of the slit forming region 48 corresponds to the detector 46.
  • the damper 29 will open the air supply passage 27 fully.
  • the motor 34 and the detector 46 are connected to the controller 8, and the rotation of the motor 34 is controlled while monitoring the rotation abnormality of the damper 29. It is configured to be able to.
  • the damper position adjusting device 30 has a generation circuit of a control signal including a drive pulse to the motor 34, and the generated control signal can be output to the motor 34. It is. Thereby, the rotation angle of the motor 34 is arbitrarily controlled in accordance with the forward rotation or reverse rotation and the drive amount, that is, the number of drive pulses. In addition, the rotation speed can be controlled by changing the interval (feed speed) of the drive noise.
  • the controller 8 When actually opening and closing the damper 29, the controller 8 first performs an origin detection operation in order to set the fully closed position of the damper 29 as the origin. First, in FIG. 5, the detected plate 45 is rotated counterclockwise. Now, assuming that the detector 46 is disposed in the slit forming region 48 of the plate 45 to be detected, the detector 46 is periodically inserted into the slit 47 as the plate 45 is rotated. Therefore, the detected pulse is input to the controller 8 as a detection signal. Then, when the detection plate 45 is rotated until the detector 46 is disposed outside the slit forming region 48, no nose is detected.
  • the controller 8 recognizes that the detector 46 is outside the slit forming region 48 and switches the rotation direction to the reverse direction. That is, in the present embodiment, the detected plate 45 is rotated in the clockwise direction, and the position where the pulse (the end slit 51 in the clockwise direction) is first detected is set as the origin. The origin check by this clockwise rotation is performed at a lower speed than the counterclockwise rotation before switching the rotation direction.
  • the controller 8 Since the origin detected in this way corresponds to the fully closed position of the damper 29, the controller 8 outputs a drive signal to the motor 34 based on this state, The damper 29 can be controlled to open and close.
  • the controller 8 drives the motor 34 to open and close the damper 29, the detection signal of the slit 47 is acquired as a pulse from the detector 46 accordingly. Therefore, the controller 8 can monitor the rotation abnormality of the damper 29 by comparing the detection signal from the detector 46 with the control signal to the motor 34. Specifically, a control signal that also has a driving pulse force to the motor 34 is compared with a detection signal that also has a detection pulse force of the slit 47 by the detector 46, and Monitor for abnormal rotation.
  • the controller 8 determines that the rotation is abnormal.
  • the detection pulse from the detector 46 is usually different from the frequency of the drive pulse to the motor 34, it is controlled in consideration of this difference. For example, if no pulse of the detection signal is detected even after the time corresponding to a predetermined pulse of the drive signal has elapsed, control is performed so that a rotation abnormality is determined for the first time.
  • the controller 8 performs measures such as notifying abnormality and stopping combustion. Conversely, when a pulse is detected from the detector 46 even though no driving pulse is sent to the motor 34, a rotation abnormality can be detected.
  • the controller 8 uses a prestored air ratio control program so that the air ratio of the banner 1 becomes the set air ratio based on the detection signal of the sensor 7 (first control condition).
  • the motor 34 is controlled such that the concentration ratio of the gas on the primary side of the catalyst 4 satisfies the following formula (1) (second control condition) at the set air ratio.
  • [CO], [NOx] and [O] are the carbon monoxide concentration and nitrogen acid, respectively.
  • the first control condition is directly controlled, and the second control condition is automatically satisfied by satisfying the first control condition.
  • the second condition is a condition necessary to make the exhausted nitrogen oxide concentration substantially zero.
  • the output characteristic of the sensor 7 is an output related to the oxygen concentration on the positive side and an output related to the carbon monoxide concentration on the negative side. That is, the measured oxygen concentration (excess oxygen region), carbon monoxide concentration, etc. (fuel excess region) force air ratio m is calculated, and current or voltage output corresponding to this air ratio m is obtained.
  • the air ratio control program is a force for controlling the air ratio of the burner to be a set air ratio based on the output signal of the sensor 7.
  • the air ratio control program is as follows. It is configured. That is, as shown in FIG. 7, the first feed rate V (drive amount per unit time) of the motor 34 is changed according to the difference between the output value from the sensor 7 and the set value corresponding to the set air ratio. Control for controlling the drive amount of the motor 34 by providing a control zone and second control zones A and B having the feed rate V as the first set value and the second set value, respectively, outside the first control zone. Instructions are included.
  • the setting range of the first control zone is set with an oxygen concentration N1 (for example, lOOppm) and a carbon monoxide concentration or the like N2 (for example, 50ppm), and is controlled so that the air ratio is substantially 1. .
  • N1 oxygen concentration
  • N2 carbon monoxide concentration or the like
  • the feed speed V in the first control zone is calculated by the following equation (2).
  • the feed speed V is a driving amount per unit time.
  • the rotation angle of the motor 34 in this embodiment in one step is 0.075 degrees, which corresponds to a fluctuation of about 30 ppm when converted to O.
  • the combustion air (outside air) supplied from the blower 26 is premixed in the supply passage 27 with the fuel gas supplied from the gas fuel supply pipe 24.
  • This premixed gas is ejected from the burner 1 toward the first gas passage 15 in the can 3.
  • the premixed gas is ignited by an ignition means (not shown) and burns. This combustion takes place at a low air ratio.
  • the gas generated by this combustion is cooled by crossing with the upstream water tube group 2 and then absorbed by heat exchange with the downstream water tube group 2 to obtain a gas of about 100 ° C to 350 ° C. It becomes.
  • This gas is treated by the catalyst 4 and the nitrogen oxide concentration and the carbon monoxide concentration are made substantially zero, and then discharged from the second gas passage 17 to the atmosphere as exhaust gas.
  • the boiler of this embodiment is operated by switching between high combustion and low combustion.
  • the damper 29 is positioned by selecting either! / Or a deviation between the high combustion air volume position and the low combustion air volume position.
  • the position adjustment of the damper 29 is performed by the damper position adjusting device 30 in accordance with a command from the controller 8. That is, the controller 8 inputs a selection signal for high combustion / low combustion and an output value corresponding to the detected air ratio of the sensor 7, and outputs a drive signal for the motor 34, Adjust the opening position of damper 29.
  • the controller 8 stores the set opening position of the damper 29, which is a set value corresponding to the set air ratio at the time of high combustion and low combustion, as an initial value in terms of the number of pulses of the origin force.
  • the controller 8 controls the current opening position of the damper 29 relative to the set opening position (open side if not controlled in the closing direction) or closed side (opened direction). If not, it is determined whether the motor side is) and the number of driving noises of the motor 34 is calculated. In addition, in FIG. 8, it is determined whether the output value belongs to a deviation between the first control band and the second control band A, B.
  • the motor 34 When belonging to the second control zone A, the motor 34 is driven at the first set feed speed and the calculated drive pulse, and the damper 29 is closed at a high speed.
  • the motor 34 When belonging to the second control zone B, the motor 34 is driven at the second set feed speed and the calculated drive pulse, and the damper 29 is opened at a high speed. In this way, when the set value force corresponding to the set air ratio is relatively far away, the output value corresponding to the detected air ratio is controlled to approach the set value corresponding to the set air ratio at a high speed, so the responsiveness is good. Air ratio control can be performed.
  • the feed rate of the motor 34 is calculated based on the formula (2), and the calculated feed rate and the calculated drive are calculated.
  • the motor 34 is driven with a pulse.
  • the control in the first control zone is effective against the set air ratio. Increase the feed rate as you move away from the set value. By such control, it is possible to quickly approach the set value corresponding to the target set air ratio.
  • it is controlled by a stepping motor that can reliably control the rotational position, and the feed rate is controlled to decrease as the output value corresponding to the detected air ratio approaches the set value corresponding to the set air ratio. Thus, overshooting and notching of the air ratio in the vicinity of the set value corresponding to the air ratio can be suppressed.
  • the air ratio of the Parner 1 is controlled to be a low air ratio close to 1, and the change ratio of the concentration ratio of the gas on the primary side of the catalyst 4 is controlled to be small. It can be satisfied stably. As a result, the nitrogen oxide concentration on the secondary side of the catalyst 4 can be made substantially zero, and the carbon monoxide concentration can be reduced to a value within the practical range.
  • a can body 3 with an evaporation amount of 800 kg per unit time (applicant's manufacturing model: can body called SQ-800) was burned with a premixing burner 1 with a combustion amount of 45.2 m 3 N / h.
  • the experimental results for a catalyst with a volume of 10L and an inner diameter of 360mm that support Pt at a rate of 2. OgZL as the catalytically active substance will be explained.
  • the carbon monoxide concentration, nitrogen oxide concentration, and oxygen concentration on the primary side of catalyst 1 are 2295 ppm, 94 ppm
  • the concentration on the secondary side of the catalyst 1 (after passing through the catalyst 1) was adjusted to 1655 ppm, and the average value for 10 minutes was less than 13 ppm, 0.3 ppm, and lOOppm.
  • the oxygen concentration lOOppm on the secondary side of the catalyst 1 is an oxygen concentration measurement limit (measured using PG-250 manufactured by Horiba, Ltd.).
  • FIG. 11 shows the control characteristics of the motor 34 based on the sensor 7.
  • Example 2 the sensor 7 detects the primary side oxygen concentration of the catalyst 4 so that the set air ratio is 1 (the secondary side oxygen concentration of the catalyst 4 is zero). It indirectly controls the air ratio. Based on various experimental results, when the oxygen concentration O on the primary side of the catalyst 4 is controlled to 0% and O ⁇ 1.00%, the above equation (1) is satisfied and the catalyst 4
  • the air ratio control program of the second embodiment based on the detected value (oxygen concentration signal) from the sensor 7, the detected value and the set oxygen concentration value are A first control zone that changes the feed rate V (drive amount per unit time) of the motor 34 according to the difference, and a feed rate V outside the first control zone is set to a first set value and a second set value, respectively.
  • a control procedure for controlling the drive amount of the motor 34 by providing the second control zones A and B to be included is included.
  • the setting range of the first control zone is controlled to fall within the range set by the oxygen concentration N1 and the oxygen concentration N2.
  • the feed speed V in the first control zone is calculated by the above equation (2) as in the first embodiment.
  • the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments.
  • a force carbon monoxide concentration sensor in which the sensor 7 is an oxygen concentration sensor can be used.
  • the structure of the damper position adjusting device 30 can be variously modified.
  • the motor 34 may be a gear motor (not shown) other than the stepping motor.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un appareil de combustion capable de réduire presque à zéro la quantité d'oxyde d'azote émis, et de ramener à un niveau acceptable la quantité d' monoxyde d'azote émis. Cet appareil est capable de réaliser des économies d'énergie grâce à une combustion à consommation d'air quasiment nulle. Cet appareil permet une régulation d'air stable à l'intérieur d'une zone de combustion à faible consommation d'air. Cet appareil est constitué de plusieurs éléments, et notamment un brûleur, des organes d'absorption de chaleur pour conduire la chaleur absorbée à partir d'un gaz produit par le brûleur, un catalyseur pour l'oxydation du monoxyde de carbone contenu dans le gaz ayant traversé l'organe d'absorption de chaleur et réduction de l'oxyde d'azote contenu par le monoxyde de carbone, une sonde pour détecter la quantité d'air du brûleur, et un régulateur d'alimentation en air pour maintenir l'arrivée d'air dans le brûleur à un débit en accord avec un signal de détection de la sonde. Cet appareil est caractérisé en ce que le brûleur et l'organe d'absorption de chaleur sont construits de façon que, d'une part le débit d'air est commandé par le régulateur de débit d'air, et d'autre part, que les proportions d'oxygène, d'oxyde d'azote et de monoxyde d'azote du côté primaire du catalyseur permettent d'atteindre une teneur en oxyde d'azote du côté secondaire du catalyseur sensiblement nulle.
PCT/JP2006/313329 2006-07-04 2006-07-04 Appareil de combustion WO2008004281A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (16)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/JP2006/313329 WO2008004281A1 (fr) 2006-07-04 2006-07-04 Appareil de combustion
US12/158,166 US7972581B1 (en) 2006-07-04 2007-04-13 Method of treating nitrogen oxide-containing gas
CN2007800121610A CN101415994B (zh) 2006-07-04 2007-04-13 含氮氧化物气体的处理方法
KR1020097000917A KR101373590B1 (ko) 2006-07-04 2007-04-13 보일러
EP07741638A EP2037170A1 (fr) 2006-07-04 2007-04-13 Chaudière
KR1020097002020A KR101381622B1 (ko) 2006-07-04 2007-04-13 연소 방법 및 연소 장치
PCT/JP2007/058202 WO2008004371A1 (fr) 2006-07-04 2007-04-13 Chaudière
PCT/JP2007/058143 WO2008004369A1 (fr) 2006-07-04 2007-04-13 Procédé pour traiter du gaz contenant de l'oxyde d'azote
CN2007800327859A CN101512224B (zh) 2006-07-04 2007-04-13 燃烧方法和燃烧装置
KR1020097000918A KR101362829B1 (ko) 2006-07-04 2007-04-13 질소 산화물 함유 가스의 처리 방법
US12/282,478 US20090025655A1 (en) 2006-07-04 2007-04-13 Boiler
PCT/JP2007/058144 WO2008004370A1 (fr) 2006-07-04 2007-04-13 Procédé de combustion et appareil de combustion
EP07741580A EP2039995A1 (fr) 2006-07-04 2007-04-13 Procédé de combustion et appareil de combustion
US12/281,556 US8113822B2 (en) 2006-07-04 2007-04-13 Combustion method and combustion apparatus
EP07741579A EP2037169A1 (fr) 2006-07-04 2007-04-13 Procédé pour traiter du gaz contenant de l'oxyde d'azote
CN2007800123813A CN101415996B (zh) 2006-07-04 2007-04-13 锅炉

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CN105159237B (zh) * 2015-06-29 2019-07-02 中国西电电气股份有限公司 一种面向数字化车间数控机床的能耗预测方法
CN105066169A (zh) * 2015-09-14 2015-11-18 上海易尔思节能系统有限公司 一种适用于燃烧器的配风节能装置
CN106838888B (zh) * 2017-01-23 2023-10-13 北京联力源科技有限公司 燃烧系统及其运行方法
FI128631B (fi) * 2018-03-09 2020-09-15 Vocci Oy Menetelmä lämmön tuottamiseksi energialaitoksessa
US11796187B2 (en) 2018-12-10 2023-10-24 Midea Group Co., Ltd. Electronically controlled vent damper
PL3940292T3 (pl) * 2019-03-15 2023-11-06 Ino, Takayuki Wielorurowy kocioł przepływowy
CN112747476B (zh) * 2020-12-30 2022-04-08 广东万和新电气股份有限公司 一种热水器的控制方法、控制系统及热水器

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CN101512224B (zh) 2012-02-22
CN101415994B (zh) 2012-02-22
CN101415994A (zh) 2009-04-22
CN101512224A (zh) 2009-08-19
CN101415996A (zh) 2009-04-22

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