US20110114291A1 - Method and reactors for gasification of fuels in the form of dust, solids, or liquids, such as coal, petroleum coke, oil, tar, or the like - Google Patents

Method and reactors for gasification of fuels in the form of dust, solids, or liquids, such as coal, petroleum coke, oil, tar, or the like Download PDF

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Publication number
US20110114291A1
US20110114291A1 US12/737,523 US73752309A US2011114291A1 US 20110114291 A1 US20110114291 A1 US 20110114291A1 US 73752309 A US73752309 A US 73752309A US 2011114291 A1 US2011114291 A1 US 2011114291A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
cooling circuit
gasification
burner
circuit
main
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US12/737,523
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English (en)
Inventor
Johannes Dostal
Eberhard Kuske
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ThyssenKrupp Industrial Solutions AG
Original Assignee
Uhde GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Uhde GmbH filed Critical Uhde GmbH
Assigned to UHDE GMBH reassignment UHDE GMBH ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: DOSTAL, JOHANNES, KUSKE, EBERHARD
Publication of US20110114291A1 publication Critical patent/US20110114291A1/en
Assigned to THYSSENKRUPP UHDE GMBH reassignment THYSSENKRUPP UHDE GMBH CHANGE OF NAME (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: UHDE GMBH
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/0006—Controlling or regulating processes
    • B01J19/0013—Controlling the temperature of the process
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
    • C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
    • C10J3/485—Entrained flow gasifiers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/723—Controlling or regulating the gasification process
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/74—Construction of shells or jackets
    • C10J3/76—Water jackets; Steam boiler-jackets
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/72—Safety devices, e.g. operative in case of failure of gas supply
    • F23D14/78—Cooling burner parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
    • B01J2219/00051—Controlling the temperature
    • B01J2219/00054—Controlling or regulating the heat exchange system
    • B01J2219/00056—Controlling or regulating the heat exchange system involving measured parameters
    • B01J2219/00058—Temperature measurement
    • B01J2219/0006—Temperature measurement of the heat exchange medium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
    • B01J2219/00051—Controlling the temperature
    • B01J2219/00054—Controlling or regulating the heat exchange system
    • B01J2219/00056—Controlling or regulating the heat exchange system involving measured parameters
    • B01J2219/00067—Liquid level measurement
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
    • B01J2219/00051—Controlling the temperature
    • B01J2219/00074—Controlling the temperature by indirect heating or cooling employing heat exchange fluids
    • B01J2219/00087—Controlling the temperature by indirect heating or cooling employing heat exchange fluids with heat exchange elements outside the reactor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
    • B01J2219/00051—Controlling the temperature
    • B01J2219/00074—Controlling the temperature by indirect heating or cooling employing heat exchange fluids
    • B01J2219/00087—Controlling the temperature by indirect heating or cooling employing heat exchange fluids with heat exchange elements outside the reactor
    • B01J2219/0009—Coils
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
    • B01J2219/00245—Avoiding undesirable reactions or side-effects
    • B01J2219/00256—Leakage
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
    • B01J2219/00245—Avoiding undesirable reactions or side-effects
    • B01J2219/00268—Detecting faulty operations
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2200/00—Details of gasification apparatus
    • C10J2200/15—Details of feeding means
    • C10J2200/152—Nozzles or lances for introducing gas, liquids or suspensions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0956—Air or oxygen enriched air
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0959—Oxygen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/18—Details of the gasification process, e.g. loops, autothermal operation
    • C10J2300/1807—Recycle loops, e.g. gas, solids, heating medium, water
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/141—Feedstock

Definitions

  • the invention is directed at a method for cooling units subjected to stress at high temperatures, in cooled reactors for gasification of fuels that contain carbon, using gasification media that contain oxygen, whereby the reactor walls are cooled by way of a coolant circuit.
  • a disadvantage of this known method of procedure consists in that if a leak occurs, not only CO or H 2 , but also other components that are present in the produced gas, such as salts, hydrogen sulfide, and other elements, can enter into the cooling circuit, and these can lead to great difficulties in the cooling circuit. For example, particles can block the lines or lead to abrasions, chlorides can promote corrosion, and the like.
  • the units to be cooled such as, for example, gasification burners, burner muffles, or the like, are equipped with an independent cooling circuit, whereby this cooling circuit is directly connected with the main cooling circuit.
  • the unit cooling circuit is connected with the equalization vessel (steam drum) of the main cooling circuit, in terms of effect.
  • a particular embodiment of the invention consists in that when a fluid loss occurs in the unit cooling circuit, additional feed from the main cooling circuit is provided. If, for example, a leak occurs in the unit cooling circuit, then the additional feed from the main cooling circuit can immediately be evaluated as a signal, which triggers a leak report.
  • An adjustment of the temperature of the cooling medium in the unit cooling circuit can take place in that an indirect heat exchange with feed water and boiler water and/or by means of mixtures of feed water and boiler water takes place, as the invention also provides.
  • the invention also provides a system having a main cooling circuit for the reactor for gasification of fuels that contain carbon, and having a steam drum integrated into the cooling circuit, which system is characterized by one or more unit cooling circuits for cooling units assigned to the reactor, such as gasification burners or the like, whereby the unit cooling circuit is connected with the steam drum of the main cooling circuit, in terms of effect, in such a manner that the pressure level of the main cooling circuit also prevails in the unit cooling circuit.
  • a leak monitoring device is provided in a connection line between the unit cooling circuit and the main cooling circuit.
  • FIG. 1 a basic circuit schematic of the system according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 a circuit variant of the system according to the invention.
  • the system shown in the figures is a system for cooling or tempering surfaces that are subject to great temperature stress, for example the burner of a cooled reactor for gasification of fine-particle, liquid or solid fuels with gasification media that contain oxygen, which work at temperatures above the slag melting point, in ranges of 1200 to 2000° C., whereby the pressure amounts to 0.3 to 8 MPa, with one or more burners and one or more burner levels, whereby the corresponding reactor is not separately shown in the figures; only the entry and exit to the cooled membrane surfaces are shown.
  • a unit cooling circuit for example for cooling a gasification burner designated with 1 , having a burner head 3 , above the corresponding cooling surface 2 , is shown, framed with dot-dash lines and designated with “A”, whereby further units to be cooled can be provided; the corresponding cooling surfaces are designated with 2 a and 2 b in the drawing.
  • the coolant of the unit cooling circuit is passed in a circuit by way of a line 4 , from the cooling surface 2 over a heat exchanger designated with 6 , back to the cooling surface 2 , by means of a pump 5 .
  • the unit cooling circuit is passed with the steam drum 8 of the main cooling circuit designated with “B” by way of a connection line 7 , whereby the inflow into the cooling surface of the main cooling circuit is designated with 9 , the flow back to the steam drum 8 with 10 ; the boiler water circulation pump of the main cooling circuit “B” carries the reference symbol 11 .
  • a leak monitoring device designated with 12 , is provided in the unit cooling circuit from the connection line 7 to the steam drum 8 . If the pressure in the unit cooling circuit “A” drops, for example, coolant is automatically supplied from the main cooling circuit, and a leak alarm is triggered.
  • FIG. 1 two temperature control systems “C” and “D” are shown, which can be used individually or in combination.
  • the control system “C” consists of a TC element 13 as well as a feed valve 14 .
  • the regulation device “D” can be provided to prevent boiling in the flow back from the heating or cooling surfaces of the unit cooling system; this device also consists of a TC element 15 and a valve 16 .
  • FIG. 2 shows a circuit variant, whereby all the identical system parts bear the same reference symbol as in FIG. 1 , if necessary supplemented with the letter “a”.
  • a new temperature control system “E” is introduced, having a corresponding TC element 13 a and a feed valve 14 a , which impacts a bypass line 17 that circumvents the heat exchanger 6 . It is evident that corresponding temperature regulation can be undertaken by means of this bypass arrangement.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
  • Industrial Gases (AREA)
  • Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
US12/737,523 2008-07-24 2009-07-17 Method and reactors for gasification of fuels in the form of dust, solids, or liquids, such as coal, petroleum coke, oil, tar, or the like Abandoned US20110114291A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102008034734A DE102008034734A1 (de) 2008-07-24 2008-07-24 Verfahren und Reaktoren zur Vergasung von staubförmigen, festen oder flüssigen Brennstoffen, wie Kohle, Petrokoks, Öl, Teer od. dgl.
DE102008034734.5 2008-07-24
PCT/EP2009/005214 WO2010009842A2 (de) 2008-07-24 2009-07-17 Verfahren und reaktoren zur vergasung von staubförmigen, festen oder flüssigen brennstoffen, wie kohle, petrokoks, öl, teer od. dgl.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20110114291A1 true US20110114291A1 (en) 2011-05-19

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ID=41428674

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US12/737,523 Abandoned US20110114291A1 (en) 2008-07-24 2009-07-17 Method and reactors for gasification of fuels in the form of dust, solids, or liquids, such as coal, petroleum coke, oil, tar, or the like

Country Status (15)

Country Link
US (1) US20110114291A1 (ko)
EP (1) EP2303449B1 (ko)
KR (1) KR101484813B1 (ko)
CN (1) CN102089073B (ko)
AP (1) AP3406A (ko)
AU (1) AU2009273508B9 (ko)
BR (1) BRPI0916809A2 (ko)
CA (1) CA2731611A1 (ko)
CU (1) CU23958B1 (ko)
DE (1) DE102008034734A1 (ko)
RU (1) RU2513442C2 (ko)
TW (1) TWI461523B (ko)
UA (1) UA101982C2 (ko)
WO (1) WO2010009842A2 (ko)
ZA (1) ZA201101386B (ko)

Cited By (1)

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US20170002280A1 (en) * 2015-01-23 2017-01-05 General Electric Company Coal slurry preheater and coal gasification system and method using the same

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KR101634594B1 (ko) * 2015-08-25 2016-06-29 두산중공업 주식회사 보일러 급수를 순환시켜 석탄가스화 복합 발전 설비를 냉각하는 순환수 시스템을 이용한 석탄가스화 버너의 냉각 장치
DE102017219777A1 (de) * 2017-11-07 2019-05-09 Thyssenkrupp Ag Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Vergasen von Einsatzstoffen und zum Bereitstellen der vergasten Einsatzstoffe als Bodenprodukt und Synthesegas sowie Verwendung

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US3892542A (en) * 1973-10-17 1975-07-01 Steag Ag Reactor for pressure type gasification of coal
US4098324A (en) * 1975-05-12 1978-07-04 Dr. C. Otto & Comp. G.M.B.H. Water-cooled, high-temperature gasifier and method for its operation
US4666463A (en) * 1986-04-07 1987-05-19 Texaco Inc. Method of controlling the temperature of a partial oxidation burner
US4743194A (en) * 1987-03-13 1988-05-10 Texaco Inc. Cooling system for gasifier burner operating in a high pressure environment
US6162266A (en) * 1997-06-06 2000-12-19 Texaco Inc. Floating pressure gasifier feed injector cooling water system

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20170002280A1 (en) * 2015-01-23 2017-01-05 General Electric Company Coal slurry preheater and coal gasification system and method using the same
US10502489B2 (en) * 2015-01-23 2019-12-10 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Coal slurry preheater and coal gasification system and method using the same

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CU23958B1 (es) 2013-10-29
AU2009273508B9 (en) 2014-06-19
UA101982C2 (uk) 2013-05-27
WO2010009842A2 (de) 2010-01-28
CA2731611A1 (en) 2010-01-28
TW201020319A (en) 2010-06-01
EP2303449A2 (de) 2011-04-06
CN102089073A (zh) 2011-06-08
AU2009273508A1 (en) 2010-01-28
AU2009273508B2 (en) 2014-05-29
AP3406A (en) 2015-08-31
WO2010009842A4 (de) 2010-07-08
KR101484813B1 (ko) 2015-01-20
DE102008034734A1 (de) 2010-01-28
WO2010009842A3 (de) 2010-05-14
BRPI0916809A2 (pt) 2019-09-24
RU2011106358A (ru) 2012-08-27
CU20110017A7 (es) 2012-06-21
CN102089073B (zh) 2015-03-25
AP2011005568A0 (en) 2011-02-28
KR20110053415A (ko) 2011-05-23
TWI461523B (zh) 2014-11-21
EP2303449B1 (de) 2019-02-27
ZA201101386B (en) 2011-11-30
RU2513442C2 (ru) 2014-04-20

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