US20100330351A1 - Yarns, high wear resistance fabrics and objects made therefrom - Google Patents

Yarns, high wear resistance fabrics and objects made therefrom Download PDF

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Publication number
US20100330351A1
US20100330351A1 US12/809,213 US80921308A US2010330351A1 US 20100330351 A1 US20100330351 A1 US 20100330351A1 US 80921308 A US80921308 A US 80921308A US 2010330351 A1 US2010330351 A1 US 2010330351A1
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Prior art keywords
fabric
nylon
staple fiber
yarn
tenacity
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Marina Crnoja-Cosic
James Martin Taylor
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Lenzing AG
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Lenzing AG
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Publication of US20100330351A1 publication Critical patent/US20100330351A1/en
Assigned to LENZING AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT reassignment LENZING AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT CORRECTIVE ASSIGNMENT TO CORRECT THE U.S. APPLICATION NO. 12/890,213 PREVIOUSLY RECORDED ON REEL 024968 FRAME 0120. ASSIGNOR(S) HEREBY CONFIRMS THE ASSIGNMENT OF ENTIRE INTEREST. Assignors: CRNOJA-COSIC, MARINA, TAYLOR, JAMES MARTIN
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/02—Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
    • D02G3/04—Blended or other yarns or threads containing components made from different materials
    • D02G3/045—Blended or other yarns or threads containing components made from different materials all components being made from artificial or synthetic material
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F2/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
    • D01F8/12—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyamide as constituent
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/44—Yarns or threads characterised by the purpose for which they are designed
    • D02G3/442—Cut or abrasion resistant yarns or threads
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/44—Yarns or threads characterised by the purpose for which they are designed
    • D02G3/446—Yarns or threads for use in automotive applications
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D1/00—Woven fabrics designed to make specified articles
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D1/00—Woven fabrics designed to make specified articles
    • D03D1/0035—Protective fabrics
    • D03D1/0041—Cut or abrasion resistant
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D13/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the special disposition of the warp or weft threads, e.g. with curved weft threads, with discontinuous warp threads, with diagonal warp or weft
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/20—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads
    • D03D15/208—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads cellulose-based
    • D03D15/225—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads cellulose-based artificial, e.g. viscose
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/20—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads
    • D03D15/283—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads synthetic polymer-based, e.g. polyamide or polyester fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/40—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the structure of the yarns or threads
    • D03D15/47—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the structure of the yarns or threads multicomponent, e.g. blended yarns or threads
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/50—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads
    • D03D15/573—Tensile strength
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B1/00—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
    • D04B1/14—Other fabrics or articles characterised primarily by the use of particular thread materials
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2201/00—Cellulose-based fibres, e.g. vegetable fibres
    • D10B2201/01—Natural vegetable fibres
    • D10B2201/02—Cotton
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2201/00—Cellulose-based fibres, e.g. vegetable fibres
    • D10B2201/20—Cellulose-derived artificial fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2201/00—Cellulose-based fibres, e.g. vegetable fibres
    • D10B2201/20—Cellulose-derived artificial fibres
    • D10B2201/22—Cellulose-derived artificial fibres made from cellulose solutions
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2201/00—Cellulose-based fibres, e.g. vegetable fibres
    • D10B2201/20—Cellulose-derived artificial fibres
    • D10B2201/22—Cellulose-derived artificial fibres made from cellulose solutions
    • D10B2201/24—Viscose
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
    • D10B2331/02—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyamides
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2401/00—Physical properties
    • D10B2401/06—Load-responsive characteristics
    • D10B2401/063—Load-responsive characteristics high strength
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2501/00—Wearing apparel
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2501/00—Wearing apparel
    • D10B2501/04—Outerwear; Protective garments
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2503/00—Domestic or personal
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2503/00—Domestic or personal
    • D10B2503/06—Bed linen
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2503/00—Domestic or personal
    • D10B2503/06—Bed linen
    • D10B2503/062—Fitted bedsheets
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2505/00—Industrial
    • D10B2505/08—Upholstery, mattresses
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2505/00—Industrial
    • D10B2505/12—Vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
    • Y10T442/2631—Coating or impregnation provides heat or fire protection
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
    • Y10T442/3065—Including strand which is of specific structural definition
    • Y10T442/313—Strand material formed of individual filaments having different chemical compositions
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
    • Y10T442/3976—Including strand which is stated to have specific attributes [e.g., heat or fire resistance, chemical or solvent resistance, high absorption for aqueous composition, water solubility, heat shrinkability, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/40—Knit fabric [i.e., knit strand or strip material]
    • Y10T442/425—Including strand which is of specific structural definition
    • Y10T442/438—Strand material formed of individual filaments having different chemical compositions

Definitions

  • This invention relates to yarns and fabrics containing nylon staple fiber and high-tenacity man-made cellulosic staple fiber, and objects like garments, beddings or upholstery made therefrom, and has particular reference to fabrics having a high resistance to wear whilst retaining a high comfort level.
  • Certain forms of workwear including that for use in conditions of high abrasion, have been found to wear very quickly. This is particularly true for workwear intended for use in sandy conditions. It is known that cellulosic fibers such as cotton, viscose rayon or Lyocell can be made into garments which have a high level of comfort. This is because the garments absorb moisture and have a cool comfortable touch. However cellulosic pure garments do not have a very high level of abrasion resistance.
  • Abrasion resistance in fabrics and garments is measured by the Martindale test and in this patent application always the number of rubs until 2 threads break is given. This is a standard fabric test details of which are set out in ASTM D4966-98 and in ISO 12947.
  • 50%/50% cotton/polyester fabrics have a good comfort level, but have a abrasion resistance of 20,000 to 50,000 rubs, depending for example on the fabric construction, weight, etc. But even this is insufficient to extremely demanding conditions such as desert. It is also known that the abrasion resistance of cotton containing fabrics can be increased by producing a cotton/nylon fabric.
  • the fabric used by the US Army for desert camouflage uniforms is a 50%/50% cotton/nylon fabric, known as NyCo, with a Martindale resistance of greater than 80,000 rubs.
  • Tear strength is the force required to start or continue a tear in a fabric under specified conditions.
  • the details of the tear strength test are set out in ASTM D-2261, ASTM D-2262 and BS EN ISO 13937.
  • the specification is set by the required performance. For example for a 2 ⁇ 1 twill polyester/cotton battledress according to U.K. specifications a tear strength of 28 N in the warp and 20 N in the weft is required.
  • the so called ripstop fabrics can have different requirements, e.g. 25 N warp and 60 N weft.
  • Lyocell is the generic name for a man-made cellulosic fiber produced without the formation of a derivative from a solution of cellulose in an aqueous organic compound, normally N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide (NMMO). Lyocell has a much higher tenacity than regular viscose. While Lyocell in the conditioned state normally shows a tenacity at break of about 37 cN/tex, regular viscose under the same conditions shows a tenacity at break lower than 25, but strongly depending on the individual production process.
  • NMMO N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide
  • Nylon-6.6 for comparison, has a break tenacity of about 56 cN/tex and cotton of about 25 cN/tex.
  • nylon/Lyocell fabrics have been produced on an experimental basis. These nylon/Lyocell fabrics have been produced by weaving a Lyocell weft into a continuous filament nylon warp.
  • Lyocell is produced as a staple fiber, and spun into yarns to enable it to be woven or knitted to form garments, this is not the case for nylon.
  • Much nylon is made as continuous filament material which is made up into warps. A warp is effectively a set of threads which are wound round a cylinder and placed on a loom before weaving begins. The weft thread is passed backwards and forwards though the warp often using a shuttle.
  • Warps require to be made up before weaving can begin and warps of continuous nylon filaments were available.
  • the experimental fabrics were made by weaving a Lyocell tread as a weft through the continuous filament nylon warps. Such fabrics have not been commercially used on any scale and were made purely as an experiment.
  • Nylon staple fibers i.e. fibers cut to a definite length after extrusion and spun to yarns, were never used for this application.
  • Modal Another man-made cellulosic fiber besides Lyocell is Modal, which is produced by a modified viscose process.
  • Modal is a high-tenacity man-made cellulosic fiber, too, as it shows a tenacity at break of about 35 cN/tex in the conditioned state.
  • BISFA Modal fibers are cellulose fibers having a high breaking force and a high wet modulus.
  • the breaking force (B c ) of a Modal fiber in the conditioned state is B c (cN) ⁇ 1.3 ⁇ T+2T.
  • the force (B m ) required to produce an elongation of 5% in the wet state of a Modal fiber is B m (cN) ⁇ 0.5 ⁇ T.
  • T is the mean linear density in decitex
  • IR infra red
  • FR finishes usually significantly reduce the mechanical properties of fabrics containing cellulosic Fibers. It is therefore still a further preferred object to produce a fabric which can be treated with a flame retarding (“FR”) finish, e.g. Proban®, without losing too much strength and abrasion resistance.
  • FR flame retarding
  • a further object of the invention is to provide a yarn which can be used to produce a fabric with the above mentioned properties.
  • FIG. 1 shows water uptake of exemplary embodiments of yarns made in accordance with the invention.
  • the high-tenacity man-made cellulosic staple fiber shows a tenacity at break in conditioned state of more than 32 cN/tex.
  • the yarn may contain 10 to 75% nylon and the fabric may contain from 10% to 50% nylon.
  • the balance in each case is high-tenacity man-made cellulosic fiber but in any event the fabric made from the yarn must contain at least 50% high-tenacity man-made cellulosic fiber.
  • nylon refers to the group of plastics known as polyamides.
  • Nylons are typified by amide groups (CONH) and encompass a range of material types e.g. Nylon 4,6; Nylon 6; Nylon 6,6; Nylon 12; Nylon 6,12. All are suitable but nylon 6 and nylon 6,6 are preferred.
  • nylon and high-tenacity man-made cellulosic fibers are both of the same or closely similar mean linear density (“titre”) in decitex (dtex).
  • dtex decitex
  • a 1.7 dtex or 1.4 dtex Lyocell fiber can be blended with a 1.7 or 2.0 dtex nylon fiber.
  • similar mean linear densities mean a difference of not more than 50% between the two fibers.
  • the staple fiber length of the nylon and the high-tenacity man-made cellulosic fibers is also the same or very similar.
  • a 38 mm staple Lyocell Fibers can be blended with 35 to 40 mm nylon staple fibers, more preferably with 38 mm nylon staple fibers.
  • similar fiber lengths mean a difference of not more than 15% in length between the two fibers.
  • the high-tenacity man-made cellulosic fiber preferably is a Lyocell staple fiber, a Modal staple fiber or a mixture thereof.
  • Lyocell as well as Modal have a higher break tenacity than other cellulosics including cotton. They also have a high wet strength. Therefore a significant effect on the tear resistance of the fabric can be expected. But as nylon has a still higher break tenacity the artisan would expect that the tear resistance of a fabric containing both nylon and a high-tenacity man-made cellulosic fiber will decrease if the amount of nylon decreases. Therefore the artisan would incorporate only as much cellulosic fiber as is needed to create enough comfort to the wearer.
  • the high-tenacity man-made cellulosic fiber can be a dull fiber, that is to say man-made cellulosic containing a matting agent, for example TiO 2 . This may give certain advantages like enhanced sun protection for the use in desert areas.
  • the high-tenacity man-made cellulosic fiber may be a bright fiber, that is to say a high-tenacity man-made cellulosic fiber not containing a matting agent.
  • a fabric which contains a yarn formed of an intimate blend of nylon staple fiber and high-tenacity man-made cellulosic staple fiber.
  • the fabric according to the invention may contain from 10% to 50% nylon.
  • Preferably said fabric is a woven fabric and contains said yarn in both the warp and the weft.
  • the fabric may have a basis weight in the region of 100 to 500 g/m 2 preferably 120 to 300 g/m 2 , further preferably 180 to 250g/m 2 .
  • the fabric may be a twill fabric and may be a 2 ⁇ 1 twill. It could also be of another construction, e.g. plain.
  • the fabric has a Martindale abrasion resistance of at least 60,000 rubs, preferably at least 100,000 rubs, and a tear resistance of at least 20 newtons, preferably at least 30 newtons.
  • the fabrics according to the invention are mainly used for military applications and workwear, they may be treated by several finishes, like print dyes, FR finishes or IR reflectance finishes. According to general experience those finishes may affect the original properties of the fibers or yarns. But for example if a Proban® FR finish is applied on top of the fabric according to the invention, the strengths are pretty much maintained. Both tensile and tear strength drop by about 10-15% but abrasion remains above 100,000.
  • the Proban® process is based on the application of THPC (Tetra-kishydroxymethylphosphonium chloride) with urea to generate a pre-condensate.
  • THPC Tetra-kishydroxymethylphosphonium chloride
  • urea Tetra-kishydroxymethylphosphonium chloride
  • This pre-condensate is padded onto the fabric and the fabric dried to ⁇ 15% moisture content.
  • the fabric is then exposed to ammonia vapours in a special reaction chamber, followed by oxidation with hydrogen peroxide. This process is well known to the expert. Chemicals and instructions are available from Rhodia.
  • Pyrovatex® finish is also known to be applicable to cellulosic fibers such as Modal or Lyocell.
  • Pyrovatex® is a durable phosphorus containing finish created by the use of N-methylol dimethylphosphonopropionamide in combination with trimethylolmelamine and phosphoric acid as catalyst in a pad-dry-cure process. Chemicals and instructions are available from Huntsman.
  • the yarns according to the invention may also be used in knits.
  • the resulting knitted fabrics show a very high burst strength combined with superior wear comfort.
  • the abrasion resistance of knitted fabrics shows the same dependence from the mixture ratio cellulosic/nylon than in woven fabrics. Because the construction of a knitted fabric is more open, the abrasion resistance as can be measured by the Martindale test in general is lower compared to woven fabrics. Nevertheless for many applications a knitted construction is needed, especially when the demand for wear comfort and elasticity is high but has to be combined with certain durability requirements, for example for corporate wear. For those applications an abrasion resistance of at least 25.000 rubs would be sufficient
  • the fabrics according to the invention can be used for the manufacture of workwear, corporate wear or uniforms. Due to their good abrasion resistance they can also be used for the manufacture of upholstery fabric for furniture, office chairs or seats in transportation vehicles like cars, coaches, trains or planes. On upholstery fabrics according to the invention also FR finishes are applicable. For such purposes also non-durable FR chemicals, which are well-known by the expert, such as a mixture of boric acid and borax or ammonium salts of strong acids, especially phosphoric acid, such as diammonium phosphate or ammonium sulfamate or ammonium bromide are applicable.
  • a further field of use for the fabrics according to the invention is the manufacture of beddings for hospital and hotels, especially where industrial laundries are used for the laundering.
  • Lyocell fibers with incorporated Chitosan which is already known from WO 2004/007818 and Austrian utility model AT 008 388 U2. This will give to the fabrics an anti-bacterial function as well as enhanced skin friendliness.
  • Chitosan-incorporated Lyocell fibers with finishes as described above, especially with FR finishes like Proban® or Pyrovatex®. It will perform especially in applications where a fabric should have both advantageous properties.
  • Yet another object of the present invention is a garment, containing a fabric as described above.
  • a garment preferably is a workwear, corporate wear or a uniform, but can also be any other type of garment, for which the typical properties of said fabric are advantageous.
  • Another object of the present invention is upholstery or bedding, containing this fabric as well as furniture containing said upholstery.
  • PA-6.6 staple fibers with a titer of 2.0 dtex and 38 mm cut length were mixed in the ratios described in table 1 with commercially available TENCEL® staple fibers with a titer of 1.4 dtex and 38 mm cut length and spun to a yarn of Nm 1/26 (Ne 1/15).
  • the yarns were further processed by weaving a 2 ⁇ 1 twill with a weight of 249 g/m 2 and 32 ends and 24 picks.
  • the woven fabrics were then singed, desized, scoured, dried, heat set at 205° C., printed to meet the IR reflectance specifications from military and finished with an FC water repellent.
  • Table 3 shows the comparison with the U.K. military specification for ripstop fabric.
  • a single jersey was knitted using a ring yarn Nm50/1 containing the same fibers as used in examples 2 to 6 with the various compositions listed in Table 4.
  • the knitted fabrics were dyed with a common reactive dyestuff.
  • a yarn was made as in example 3, but using a 1.4 dtex chitosan-containing Lyocell fiber (“Tencel C” by Lenzing AG, containing 0.5% (w/w) Chitosan in the fiber) instead of the regular Tencel fiber.
  • the ratio Tencel C:PA 6.6 was 80%/20% (w/w).
  • This yarn was processed into a 2 ⁇ 1 twill with a weight of 203 g/m 2 .
  • the measured properties are listed in table 5.
  • a yarn was made as in example 3, but using a 1.4 dtex Modal fiber produced by Lenzing AG instead of the Tencel fiber.
  • the ratio Modal:PA 6.6 was 80%/20% (w/w).
  • This yarn was processed into a 2 ⁇ 1 twill with a weight of 212 g/m 2 .
  • the measured properties are listed in table 5.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Professional, Industrial, Or Sporting Protective Garments (AREA)
  • Mattresses And Other Support Structures For Chairs And Beds (AREA)
  • Knitting Of Fabric (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
US12/809,213 2007-12-20 2008-12-10 Yarns, high wear resistance fabrics and objects made therefrom Abandoned US20100330351A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ATA2089/2007 2007-12-20
AT0208907A AT506241B1 (de) 2007-12-20 2007-12-20 Garne, flächengebilde mit hoher abnutzungsbeständigkeit und daraus hergestellte artikel
PCT/AT2008/000440 WO2009079674A2 (en) 2007-12-20 2008-12-10 Yarns, high wear resistance fabrics and objects made therefrom

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US20100330351A1 true US20100330351A1 (en) 2010-12-30

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US (1) US20100330351A1 (de)
EP (1) EP2222909B1 (de)
JP (1) JP5732653B2 (de)
KR (3) KR101916444B1 (de)
CN (1) CN101903580B (de)
AT (1) AT506241B1 (de)
BR (1) BRPI0821341A2 (de)
ES (1) ES2436719T3 (de)
TW (1) TWI471465B (de)
WO (1) WO2009079674A2 (de)

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US20110016657A1 (en) * 2009-07-23 2011-01-27 Dyson Technology Limited Surface cleaning appliance
US20110016654A1 (en) * 2009-07-23 2011-01-27 Dyson Technology Limited Domestic vacuum cleaning appliance comprising a flexible hose
US20120282835A1 (en) * 2010-01-05 2012-11-08 Manikam Ramaswami High tear strength flame resistant cotton fabric
US20140130934A1 (en) * 2012-11-09 2014-05-15 Coreleader Biotech Co., Ltd. Natural polymeric yarn and its fabrication method as well as application
US8932965B1 (en) * 2008-07-30 2015-01-13 International Textile Group, Inc. Camouflage pattern with extended infrared reflectance separation
WO2016061103A1 (en) * 2014-10-15 2016-04-21 Invista Technologies S.À R.L. High tenacity or high load bearing nylon fibers and yarns and fabrics thereof
US20170159214A1 (en) * 2015-12-02 2017-06-08 L.S. Mills Limited Lyocell-Polyester Fabric and Methods of Manufacture
US20220049384A1 (en) * 2018-09-13 2022-02-17 Lenzing Aktiengesellschaft Fabric made of interwoven twines

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US20110223398A1 (en) * 2010-03-09 2011-09-15 Valley Forge Fabrics, Inc. Upholstery and Wall Panel Weight Woven Fabrics
AT510909B1 (de) * 2010-12-20 2013-04-15 Chemiefaser Lenzing Ag Flammgehemmte cellulosische man-made-fasern
EP2767180B1 (de) * 2013-02-18 2017-01-04 W.L. Gore & Associates GmbH Flammschützende Gewebestruktur
CN103637405A (zh) * 2013-11-28 2014-03-19 苏州工业园区友顺制衣厂 一种易染色织物面料
TWI571491B (zh) * 2015-10-19 2017-02-21 財團法人紡織產業綜合研究所 耐磨纖維的母粒及其製造方法以及使用其所製成的耐磨纖維
CN105544053A (zh) * 2015-12-15 2016-05-04 桐乡市亿源鞋业有限公司 高耐磨性面料
EP3467174A1 (de) * 2017-10-06 2019-04-10 Lenzing Aktiengesellschaft Gewirktes endlosfilamentlyocellgewebe
CN109930228B (zh) 2017-12-18 2022-04-29 财团法人纺织产业综合研究所 锦纶66改质纤维

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Cited By (12)

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US8932965B1 (en) * 2008-07-30 2015-01-13 International Textile Group, Inc. Camouflage pattern with extended infrared reflectance separation
US10288385B2 (en) 2008-07-30 2019-05-14 International Textile Group, Inc. Camouflage pattern with extended infrared reflectance separation
US20110016657A1 (en) * 2009-07-23 2011-01-27 Dyson Technology Limited Surface cleaning appliance
US20110016654A1 (en) * 2009-07-23 2011-01-27 Dyson Technology Limited Domestic vacuum cleaning appliance comprising a flexible hose
US20120282835A1 (en) * 2010-01-05 2012-11-08 Manikam Ramaswami High tear strength flame resistant cotton fabric
US8689413B2 (en) * 2010-01-05 2014-04-08 Manikam Ramaswami High tear strength flame resistant cotton fabric
US20140130934A1 (en) * 2012-11-09 2014-05-15 Coreleader Biotech Co., Ltd. Natural polymeric yarn and its fabrication method as well as application
US8776490B2 (en) * 2012-11-09 2014-07-15 Coreleader Biotech Co., Ltd. Natural polymeric yarn and its fabrication method as well as application
WO2016061103A1 (en) * 2014-10-15 2016-04-21 Invista Technologies S.À R.L. High tenacity or high load bearing nylon fibers and yarns and fabrics thereof
US20170159214A1 (en) * 2015-12-02 2017-06-08 L.S. Mills Limited Lyocell-Polyester Fabric and Methods of Manufacture
US20220049384A1 (en) * 2018-09-13 2022-02-17 Lenzing Aktiengesellschaft Fabric made of interwoven twines
US11713523B2 (en) * 2018-09-13 2023-08-01 Lenzing Aktiengesellschaft Fabric made of interwoven twines

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KR20180095954A (ko) 2018-08-28
CN101903580B (zh) 2014-11-19
JP5732653B2 (ja) 2015-06-10
JP2011509353A (ja) 2011-03-24
EP2222909B1 (de) 2013-09-04
BRPI0821341A2 (pt) 2015-06-16
TWI471465B (zh) 2015-02-01
ES2436719T3 (es) 2014-01-03
CN101903580A (zh) 2010-12-01
TW201002885A (en) 2010-01-16
EP2222909A2 (de) 2010-09-01
KR101916444B1 (ko) 2018-11-08
KR20100099305A (ko) 2010-09-10
AT506241B1 (de) 2011-01-15
KR20150139637A (ko) 2015-12-11
WO2009079674A2 (en) 2009-07-02
WO2009079674A3 (en) 2009-09-11
AT506241A1 (de) 2009-07-15

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