US20100137404A1 - Compositions and Methods for Altering Gene Expression - Google Patents

Compositions and Methods for Altering Gene Expression Download PDF

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Publication number
US20100137404A1
US20100137404A1 US12/528,362 US52836208A US2010137404A1 US 20100137404 A1 US20100137404 A1 US 20100137404A1 US 52836208 A US52836208 A US 52836208A US 2010137404 A1 US2010137404 A1 US 2010137404A1
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composition
cfa
cfaaffx
animal
fed
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US12/528,362
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Inventor
Ryan Michael Yamka
Kim Gene Friesen
Steven Curtis Zicker
Nolan Zebulon Frantz
Xiangming Gao
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Hills Pet Nutrition Inc
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Hills Pet Nutrition Inc
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Priority to US12/528,362 priority Critical patent/US20100137404A1/en
Assigned to HILL'S PET NUTRITION INC. reassignment HILL'S PET NUTRITION INC. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: FRIESEN, KIM GENE, FRANTZ, NOLAN ZEBULON, GAO, XINQMING, YAMKA, RYAN MICHAEL, ZICKER, STEVEN CURTIS
Publication of US20100137404A1 publication Critical patent/US20100137404A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/40—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for carnivorous animals, e.g. cats or dogs
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/105—Aliphatic or alicyclic compounds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/174—Vitamins
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A23K20/30—Oligoelements
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P19/00—Drugs for skeletal disorders
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/28—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system, e.g. nootropic agents, cognition enhancers, drugs for treating Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
    • A61P3/04—Anorexiants; Antiobesity agents
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
    • A61P31/04—Antibacterial agents
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
    • A61P31/12—Antivirals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
    • A61P31/12—Antivirals
    • A61P31/14—Antivirals for RNA viruses
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
    • A61P31/12—Antivirals
    • A61P31/20—Antivirals for DNA viruses
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P33/00—Antiparasitic agents
    • A61P33/02—Antiprotozoals, e.g. for leishmaniasis, trichomoniasis, toxoplasmosis
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
    • A61P37/02—Immunomodulators
    • A61P37/04—Immunostimulants
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
    • A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to compositions and methods regulating gene expression or transcription in a growing animal.
  • canine and feline foods include compositions specially formulated to address many different nutritional needs. These include, for example, formulations designed for different breed types, sizes and body conditions. They also include formulations designed to address the nutritional needs of animals in the different stages of their life cycle. Typically, these stages include the growth, adult and senior stages of life.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 5,851,573 discloses a pet food composition for large breed puppies
  • U.S. Pat. No. 6,426,100 discloses compositions to provide improved bone modeling and chondrocyte functioning in growing animals
  • U.S. Pat. No. 6,582,752 discloses gender specific puppy food.
  • the need remains for the development of additional formulations comprising innovative ingredients and nutrients designed to enhance the development of growing animals.
  • the present invention relates to compositions that are useful to enhance the development of a growing animal.
  • the compositions of the present invention comprise one or more nutrients or bioactive substances that can enhance neurologic development, bone and joint health, immune function, and promote healthy body composition in a growing animal.
  • the nutrients and bioactive substances include, but are not limited to, fatty acids, antioxidants, essential nutrients, amino acids, minerals and trace elements, vitamins and vitamin-like substances.
  • Other aspects of the invention relate to methods to enhance the development of a growing animal comprising administration of effective amounts of the compositions of the present invention directly to a growing animal or to the dam of said animal while the animal is in utero or is a nursling.
  • the present invention includes Composition 1.0, a pet food composition comprising:
  • the preset invention also includes the following compositions:
  • Composition 1.0 comprising:
  • the invention relates to methods to cause a beneficial modification in gene expression in an animal, specifically, down regulation in expression of a gene or genes associated with an undesirable biological condition or pathway or disease state and/or up regulation in expression of a gene or genes associated with a desired biological condition or pathway or which may have a positive or preventive effect on a disease state for any one or more biological conditions, pathways or disease states and genes described in Tables 2-15, comprising administering an effective amount of a composition of according to any one of compositions 1.0-1.14 to an animal, either directly to the animal or to the dam while the animal is in utero.
  • the invention is directed to Method 2.0, a method to regulate gene expression in a canine comprising administering to the canine any one of compositions the compositions of the present invention, e.g., compositions 1.0-1.14.
  • the present invention also includes the following methods:
  • the invention relates to the use of any of the formulae of the present invention in the manufacture of a composition to modify gene expression in an animal as described herein.
  • the present invention relates to any animal, preferably a mammal, more preferably a companion animal.
  • the term “companion animal” refers to any animal that lives in close association with humans and includes, but is not limited to, canines and felines of any breed. It is contemplated herein, however, that any animal whose diet may be controlled by humans may benefit from feeding the formulations disclosed herein. These animals may include, for example, domesticated farm animals (e.g., cattle, horses, swine, etc.) as well as undomesticated animals held in captivity, e.g., in zoological parks and the like. Preferred animals include canines, e.g., dogs, including growing dogs, e.g., puppies.
  • “Beneficial modification in the expression of genes” as used herein includes, e.g., down regulation of genes expressing proteins associated with disease states and/or up regulation of genes expressing proteins which have a beneficial or healthful effect as compared to appropriate controls, as may be determined using conventional methods, e.g., by microarray (e.g., Affymetrix gene chip) techniques familiar to one of skill in the art. Further, one of skill in the art is familiar with the known associations between diseases and specific genes as those listed in the tables provided hereinbelow such that it is understood whether an increase or decrease in expression of a particular gene is desirable.
  • microarray e.g., Affymetrix gene chip
  • the “growth” life stage of an animal refers to the period from birth or weaning (approximately 8 weeks of age) to about 1 year of age or beyond, depending on the species and breed of the animal.
  • the term “puppy” refers to an immature canine, typically between the ages of birth and 12 months.
  • “Essential amino acids” as used herein refers to those amino acids that cannot be synthesized de novo by an organism and thus must be supplied in the diet. It is understood by one of skill in the art that the essential amino acids varies from species to species, depending upon the organism's metabolism. For example, it is generally understood that the essential amino acids for dogs and cats (and humans), are phenylalanine, leucine, methionine, lysine, isoleucine, valine, threonine, tryptophan, histidine and arginine.
  • a “limiting amino acid” refers to an amino acid which if present in insufficient quantities in a diet, results in the limitation in usefulness of other essential amino acids, even if the other essential amino acids are present in otherwise large enough quantities.
  • Lysine is the limiting essential amino acid in the compositions disclosed herein.
  • the remaining essential amino acids are quantitatively formulated or “balanced” in relationship to the amount of lysine determined critical to affect the desired biological result.
  • balanced amino acids refers to the relationship of the essential amino acid lysine to energy to assure optimal animal growth and development.
  • “Essential nutrients” as used herein refers to nutrients required for normal body functioning that cannot be synthesized by the body. Categories of essential nutrient include vitamin dietary minerals, fatty acid, and amino acid. It is understood by one of skill in the art that the nutrients deemed essential varies from species to species, depending upon the organism's metabolism. For example, essential nutrients for dogs and cats include Vitamins A, D, E, K, B1, B6 B12, riboflavin, niacin, pantothenic acid, folic acid, calcium, phosphorous, magnesium, sodium, potassium, chlorine, iron, copper, zinc, manganese, selenium and iodine. Choline, generally regarded as a B complex vitamin, may be included among the semi-essential nutrients. In addition, taurine, while technically not an amino acid but a derivative of cysteine, is an essential nutrient for cats.
  • Carnitine also known as L-carnitine, (levocarnitine) is a quaternary ammonium compound synthesized from the amino acids lysine and methionine and is responsible for the transport of fatty acids from the cytosol into the mitochondria.
  • the present invention is based on the surprising discovery that the addition of certain ingredients to pet food compositions and administration of these compositions to animals can enhance the development of a growing animal.
  • data indicate that animals fed the compositions of the present invention (or those whose dams were fed the compositions during gestation and prior to weaning but continued throughout growth of their litters), demonstrate enhanced neurologic development, bone and joint health, immune function, and have overall healthier body composition.
  • microarray data also indicate a differential change in gene expression in these animals compared to controls which is generally reflective of a beneficial modification (i.e., up or down regulation) in the expression of many genes associated with biological processes including those involved in growth and development.
  • the invention relates to compositions and methods to enhance the development of a growing animal as described in detail herein.
  • compositions of the present invention comprise nutritionally complete and balanced animal feed compositions.
  • Such compositions include, among other nutrients and ingredients, recommended healthful amounts of protein, carbohydrate and fat.
  • “Nutritionally complete and balanced animal feed compositions”, as well as nutrients and ingredients suitable for animal feed compositions, and recommended amounts thereof, are familiar to one of skill in the art (see, for example, National Research Council, 2006 Nutritional Requirements for Dogs and Cats, National Academy Press, Washington D.C. or the Official Publication of the Association of American Feed Control Officials, Inc. Nutrient Requirements for Dogs and Cats 2006).
  • compositions disclosed herein may also comprise antioxidants, additives, stabilizers, thickeners, flavorants, palatability enhancers and colorants in amounts and combinations familiar to one of skill in the art.
  • Antioxidants refers to a substance that is capable of reacting with or decreasing the production of free radicals and neutralizing them.
  • Examples include, but are not limited to, beta-carotene, selenium, coenzyme Q10 (ubiquinone), lutein, tocotrienols, soy isoflavones, S-adenosylmethionine, glutathione, taurine, N-acetylcysteine, vitamin E, vitamin D, vitamin C, flavanoids, anthocyanindins, and lipoic acid.
  • compositions of the present invention may be, for example, a wet, semi-dry, or dry animal food composition.
  • “Wet” food refers to food which is sold in cans or foil bags and has a moisture content of about 70 to about a 90%.
  • “Dry” food refers to compositions with about 5 to about 15% moisture content and is often manufactured in the form of small bits or kibbles.
  • Semi-dry compositions refers to food which has a moisture content greater than dry foods, but less than wet foods.
  • compositions of intermediate moisture consistency and those that may comprise components of various consistency as well as components that may include more than one consistency, for example, soft, chewy meat-like particles as well as kibble having an outer cereal component and an inner cream component as described in, e.g., U.S. Pat. No. 6,517,877.
  • compositions of the present invention may be employed and are familiar to one of skill in the art.
  • the methods of the present invention include methods to cause a beneficial modification in gene expression in an animal, specifically, down regulation in expression of a gene or genes associated with an undesirable biological condition or pathway or disease state and/or up regulation in expression of a gene or genes associated with a desired biological condition or pathway or which may have a positive or preventive effect on a disease state, as the case may be, for any one or more biological conditions, pathways or disease states and genes described in Tables 14-27, comprising administering an effective amount of a composition of the present invention to the animal, either directly to the animal or to the dam while the animal is in utero.
  • the administration of the compositions of the present invention may have beneficial, even prophylatic, health effects on the animal by effecting the expression of any one or more genes listed in Tables 14-27.
  • the administration of an effective amount of a composition of the present invention to an animal may enhance bone and joint health in the animal by causing the down regulation in genes associated with cartilage and joint damage associated with arthritis, e.g. interleukin 1-beta, fibronectin, lactoransferrin, etc. (see Table 14).
  • compositions of the present invention may be administered to an animal alone as a complete nutritionally balanced diet, or in conjunction with dietary supplements, vitamins and/or other nutritionally beneficial agents familiar to one of skill in the art, as part of an overall wellness program for the animal.
  • Compositions of the invention may also be useful as a veterinary therapeutic product.
  • the compositions may optionally contain a carrier, diluent, or an excipient, the suitability of which for the intended use being familiar to one of skill in the art.
  • compositions disclosed herein in addition to administering the compositions disclosed herein directly to a growing animal, e.g., to a growing puppy or kitten, the compositions may be administered to the dam of the animal while the animal is still in utero or while the animal is a nursling.
  • ranges are used as shorthand for describing each and every value that is within the range. Any value within the range can be selected as the terminus of the range. It is understood that when formulations are described, they may be described in terms of their ingredients, as is common in the art, notwithstanding that these ingredients may react with one another in the actual formulation as it is made, stored and used, and such products are intended to be covered by the formulations described.
  • dry matter basis means the component concentration in the composition after any moisture in the composition is removed.
  • Composition P is a commercially available dog food.
  • Composition H is an experimental dog food composition.
  • Dams are fed either Composition H or Composition P for at least 10 days prior to conception. Dams are maintained in group lodging until confirmed pregnant via palpation, and are then moved to maternity lodging. Puppies from dams are kept on the same foods fed to the dams until one year of age (including pre-weaning and post-weaning period). Blood samples are then taken from the puppies and mRNA isolated according to conventional methods. Microarray assays are performed using the Affymetrix Canine-2 gene chip according to conventional methods.
  • the nutritional benefits of the compositions of the present invention as described herein may involve modification in gene expression which results in the enhancement of the development of a growing animal.
  • feeding proper nutrients during early development may have a prophylatic effect and influence disease processes later in life, i.e., lessen the chance of disease in the animal, as the expression of genes associated with common diseases and disorders may be influenced due to the given nutritional compositions of the foods provided maternally and during early development.
  • Dams utilized in this study are fed Composition P prior to, and during pregnancy. Following weaning, puppies are divided into two groups and provided with either Composition H or maintained on Composition P until one year old. Blood samples are then taken from the puppies and mRNA isolated according to conventional methods. Microarray assays are performed using the Affymetrix Canine-2 gene chip according to conventional methods.
  • Results indicate that 99 genes are differentially expressed between the two study groups, and are presented in Tables 9-15. Of the genes identified, many are related to biological functions or pathways such as, e.g., immune activation, lipid metabolism, cardiovascular development, skeletal and muscular disorders, contraction and function and cell compromise and cancer.
  • the nutritional benefits of the compositions of the present invention include the beneficial modification of gene expression in the animal such that there is an overall enhancement in the development of the animal.
  • the beneficial modification of gene expression may also result in a decrease in the incidence of disease in the animal due to an inhibition in expression of disease related genes and/or an increase in the expression of genes which play a role in disease prevention.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
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  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
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  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
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  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Neurosurgery (AREA)
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  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
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  • Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
US12/528,362 2007-02-22 2008-02-22 Compositions and Methods for Altering Gene Expression Abandoned US20100137404A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US12/528,362 US20100137404A1 (en) 2007-02-22 2008-02-22 Compositions and Methods for Altering Gene Expression

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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US89117107P 2007-02-22 2007-02-22
PCT/US2008/054800 WO2008103958A1 (en) 2007-02-22 2008-02-22 Compositions and methods for altering gene expression
US12/528,362 US20100137404A1 (en) 2007-02-22 2008-02-22 Compositions and Methods for Altering Gene Expression

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US12/528,362 Abandoned US20100137404A1 (en) 2007-02-22 2008-02-22 Compositions and Methods for Altering Gene Expression
US12/528,158 Abandoned US20100143497A1 (en) 2007-02-22 2008-02-22 Compositions and Methods For Promoting Bone Development
US12/528,137 Abandoned US20110059202A1 (en) 2007-02-22 2008-02-22 Compositions and Methods For Enhancing The Development of Growing Animals
US12/528,153 Abandoned US20100104599A1 (en) 2007-02-22 2008-02-22 Compositions and Methods For Enhancing Immune System of Felines
US12/528,164 Active 2030-05-31 US9888709B2 (en) 2007-02-22 2008-02-22 Compositions and methods for enhancing neurological development
US12/876,451 Active US9848622B2 (en) 2007-02-22 2010-09-07 Compositions and methods for enhancing immune system of felines

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US12/528,158 Abandoned US20100143497A1 (en) 2007-02-22 2008-02-22 Compositions and Methods For Promoting Bone Development
US12/528,137 Abandoned US20110059202A1 (en) 2007-02-22 2008-02-22 Compositions and Methods For Enhancing The Development of Growing Animals
US12/528,153 Abandoned US20100104599A1 (en) 2007-02-22 2008-02-22 Compositions and Methods For Enhancing Immune System of Felines
US12/528,164 Active 2030-05-31 US9888709B2 (en) 2007-02-22 2008-02-22 Compositions and methods for enhancing neurological development
US12/876,451 Active US9848622B2 (en) 2007-02-22 2010-09-07 Compositions and methods for enhancing immune system of felines

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US (6) US20100137404A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
EP (5) EP2124611B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (5) JP5474571B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CN (6) CN104472871A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AU (5) AU2008231241B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BR (5) BRPI0807789A2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (5) CA2679682C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DK (1) DK2129237T3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ES (1) ES2546284T3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
RU (5) RU2427278C2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
WO (5) WO2008118586A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20100104599A1 (en) * 2007-02-22 2010-04-29 Ryan Michael Yamka Compositions and Methods For Enhancing Immune System of Felines
US9566333B2 (en) 2011-12-19 2017-02-14 Hill's Pet Nutrition, Inc. Compositions and methods for diagnosing and treating hyperthyroidism in companion animals
US10136669B2 (en) * 2011-04-13 2018-11-27 Ajinomoto Co., Inc. Method for decreasing visceral fat or increasing energy consumption

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DK1937721T3 (da) * 2005-08-25 2010-10-18 Lilly Co Eli Anti-IL-23 antistoffer
EP2367547B1 (en) * 2008-12-12 2014-07-30 Cognite AB L-lysine for improving normal cognitive functions
JP2013515500A (ja) * 2009-12-29 2013-05-09 ヒルズ・ペット・ニュートリシャン・インコーポレーテッド 炎症性の病気の改善または予防のための、ショウガが含まれる組成物
US20130059012A1 (en) * 2010-05-12 2013-03-07 Hill's Pet Nutrition, Inc Methods for the Diagnosis, Control and Prophylaxis of Inflammation and Mitigation of Inflammatory Conditions in Felines
CN103260422A (zh) * 2010-12-20 2013-08-21 希尔氏宠物营养品公司 用于诱导饱食反应的宠物食品组合物
US8828426B2 (en) 2011-06-07 2014-09-09 Zx Pharma, Llc Multiparticulate L-carnitine compositions and related methods
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