US20100024284A1 - Fuel based on vegetable oil - Google Patents

Fuel based on vegetable oil Download PDF

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Publication number
US20100024284A1
US20100024284A1 US12/448,506 US44850607A US2010024284A1 US 20100024284 A1 US20100024284 A1 US 20100024284A1 US 44850607 A US44850607 A US 44850607A US 2010024284 A1 US2010024284 A1 US 2010024284A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
fuel
ppm
vegetable oil
content
oil
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US12/448,506
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English (en)
Inventor
Georg Gruber
Thomas Kaiser
Alois Dotzer
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Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of US20100024284A1 publication Critical patent/US20100024284A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
    • C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
    • C11B1/06—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials by pressing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/02—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
    • C10L1/026—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only for compression ignition
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
    • C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
    • C11B3/008—Refining fats or fatty oils by filtration, e.g. including ultra filtration, dialysis
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
    • C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
    • C10G2300/1011—Biomass
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P30/00—Technologies relating to oil refining and petrochemical industry
    • Y02P30/20—Technologies relating to oil refining and petrochemical industry using bio-feedstock

Definitions

  • the invention relates to fuel according to the main subject of Patent claim 1 .
  • Diesel combustion engines for passenger cars and in particular for trucks that can be operated purely on vegetable oil are now available.
  • Commercially available series engines are converted for operation with vegetable oil to achieve this purpose.
  • the engines converted in this manner are operated either with cold-pressed vegetable oils from decentralized oil mills or with so-called fully refined oils originating from interregional extraction plants.
  • the fully refined oil mentioned above is a vegetable oil that has typically been extracted from ground up fruit using hexane. The interim product occurring during the extraction is filtered, degummed and bleached. The final product has a phosphorus content of less than 5 ppm. Good fully refined oils have a phosphorus content of between 1 and 3 ppm and a combined calcium-magnesium value of between 1 and 3 ppm as well. Because the so-called fully refined oils are used mostly in the food industry, there are no regulations with regard to maximum values for phosphorus, calcium and magnesium.
  • Biodiesel is produced pursuant to the DIN standard DIN EN14214. This standard specifies the following maximum phosphorus, calcium and magnesium values:
  • the present invention has the underlying objective of providing a fuel obtained from vegetable oils that causes no or only very small deposits under any occurring operating conditions. According to the invention, this objective is achieved by a fuel obtained from vegetable oil according to the features of claim 1 .
  • magnesium also causes a significant formation of incrustations and coatings. If as per the invention the magnesium content is reduced to 0.5 ppm in fuel obtained from vegetable oil, this causation can be contained considerably.
  • Columns 2-4 include the phosphorus, calcium and magnesium contents, respectively, in the pressed vegetable oil in the collecting and mixing vessel.
  • the information in column 5 refers to the addition of bentonite to the vegetable oil in percent by weight.
  • the information in columns 6-8 reflects the phosphorus, calcium and magnesium contents, respectively, of the treated vegetable oil downstream of the chamber filter. Some of the information in columns 6-8 indicates that the detection limits of the commissioned laboratory had been reached. Thus, it cannot be excluded that the actual values may be significantly below these values.
  • FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a method for producing the fuel from vegetable oil seeds according to the invention.
  • the press 1 is typically designed as a screw press.
  • a screw rotates within a cage that is formed of drainage bars that run parallel to the screw axis.
  • the oleaginous fruits do not require prior grinding because they are broken in the screw press to the extent that the oil can be pressed out.
  • the vegetable oil runs into a collecting and mixing vessel 2 . There, it is stirred by a mixing paddle (not shown). Simultaneously, this prevents sedimentation of the trub substances in the collecting and mixing vessel 2 .
  • the vegetable oil heats up during pressing and exhibits a temperature between 40 and 70° C. in the collecting and mixing vessel depending on the degree of pressing. At this temperature, the vegetable oil is of low viscosity and layers that would prevent a uniform distribution of the trub substances do not occur.
  • Clay material such as acid-activated bentonite is added via the metering device 4 .
  • the addition is governed by the content of trub substances in the collected vegetable oil.
  • the content of phosphorus, calcium and magnesium after pressing needs to be considered. It is understood that heavily pressed oil exhibits a higher content of these substances than gently pressed oil.
  • the pump 8 extracts the oil from the collecting and mixing vessel 2 and presses it through the filter 3 .
  • the pressure present upstream of the filter 3 is determined using a pressure sensor 10 and is transmitted to the control device 5 .
  • the oil flowing from the filter 3 is checked using the optical sensor 9 .
  • This optical sensor 9 determines the content of trub substances, for example, via the transparency. From the filter 3 , the oil arrives at the 3-way valve 6 and from there is returned to the collecting and mixing vessel 2 or delivered to the tank 7 .
  • the 3-way valve 6 is controlled by the control device 5 .
  • the control device 5 determines the speed of the rise in pressure upstream of the filter 3 via the pressure sensor 10 .
  • the filter cake in the filter 3 builds up in proportion to the pressure increase.
  • the rise in pressure is also a measure for the trub substance content in the oil in the collecting and mixing vessel 2 .
  • the metering device 4 is controlled in relation to the rise in pressure and a computed amount of clay material is added.
  • the control device 5 checks the pressure upstream of the filter 3 continuously via the pressure sensor 10 . As long as the pressure sensor 10 determines a value that is below a predetermined threshold value, the 3-way valve 6 is controlled such that the oil returns to the collecting and mixing vessel 2 . In this manner, the oil circulates across the filter 3 .
  • the function of the circulation is to build up of a filter cake.
  • the filter cake has the function of a high-grade filter and must, therefore, reach a thickness that ensures a sufficient filtration of the vegetable oil.
  • the transparency of the oil downstream of the filter 3 will be checked as well using the optical sensor 9 .
  • a threshold level for the transparency is stored in the control device 5 as well. If the transparency of the passing oil is greater than the stored threshold value, the control device 5 will toggle the 3-way valve 6 . From this moment, oil is pumped into the tank 7 .
  • the pressure upstream of the filter 3 also continues to increase.
  • a maximum value is stored in the control device 5 .
  • the filter 3 must be cleaned when this maximum value is reached.
  • the pump 8 is typically stopped and the filter 3 is dried using air.
  • the dried filter cake is loosened by manual shaking or by automatic vibrations and is removed downwards. The process can then restart.
  • the collecting and mixing vessel 2 is designed such that the draining oil can be stored temporarily during the cleaning period allowing the press 1 to continue operation even during the cleaning break.
  • a second filter parallel to the first filter can be provided as an alternative. Vegetable oil is fed alternating to the two filters such that cleaning can be carried out continuously. During the time when one of the filters is cleaned and a new filter cake builds up, the filtration of the vegetable oil is maintained by the parallel filter.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
  • Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
US12/448,506 2006-12-27 2007-12-23 Fuel based on vegetable oil Abandoned US20100024284A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006061603.0 2006-12-27
DE102006061603A DE102006061603A1 (de) 2006-12-27 2006-12-27 Kraftstoff
PCT/EP2007/011418 WO2008080599A1 (de) 2006-12-27 2007-12-23 Kraftstoff auf basis von pflanzenöl

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20100024284A1 true US20100024284A1 (en) 2010-02-04

Family

ID=39156666

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US12/448,506 Abandoned US20100024284A1 (en) 2006-12-27 2007-12-23 Fuel based on vegetable oil

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20100024284A1 (de)
EP (1) EP2108033A1 (de)
CA (1) CA2671913A1 (de)
DE (1) DE102006061603A1 (de)
WO (1) WO2008080599A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102008057579A1 (de) * 2008-11-15 2010-05-20 Eoil Automotive & Technologies Gmbh Verfahren und Anlage zur Reinigung von nativen Fetten und/oder Ölen, vorzugsweise von rohen Pflanzenölen, zur Verwendung als Kraftstoff in Verbrennungsmotoren
MD4265C1 (ro) * 2012-02-27 2014-07-31 Государственный Университет Молд0 Procedeu de obţinere a uleiului de rapiţă

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20060080891A1 (en) * 2004-10-20 2006-04-20 Council Of Scientific And Industrial Research Process for the preparation of fatty acid methyl ester from triglyceride oil by transesterification
US20060281645A1 (en) * 2005-05-20 2006-12-14 Bell Ian A W Lubricating oil compositions

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2560210B1 (fr) * 1983-12-30 1986-10-03 Inst Francais Du Petrole Procede de fabrication d'un ester methylique, ethylique, propylique ou butylique d'acide gras adapte a l'utilisation comme carburant diesel
DE3771670D1 (de) * 1986-11-13 1991-08-29 Cambrian Eng Group Ltd Verfahren zum entschleimen von triglyceridoelen.
CA2040677A1 (en) * 1991-04-03 1992-10-04 Gabriella J. Toeneboehn Fatty chemicals and wax esters
US5252762A (en) * 1991-04-03 1993-10-12 W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. Use of base-treated inorganic porous adsorbents for removal of contaminants
JP2000154245A (ja) * 1998-11-19 2000-06-06 Mitsui Chemicals Inc ポリオキシアルキレンポリオールの精製方法
DE202005020492U1 (de) * 2005-12-30 2006-04-27 Clean Oil Ag Pflanzenöl-Dieselkraftstoff
CA2646348A1 (en) * 2006-02-28 2007-09-07 Grace Gmbh & Co. Kg Physical refining process using adsorbent particles for the production of biodiesel fuel

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20060080891A1 (en) * 2004-10-20 2006-04-20 Council Of Scientific And Industrial Research Process for the preparation of fatty acid methyl ester from triglyceride oil by transesterification
US20060281645A1 (en) * 2005-05-20 2006-12-14 Bell Ian A W Lubricating oil compositions

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2008080599A1 (de) 2008-07-10
CA2671913A1 (en) 2008-07-10
DE102006061603A1 (de) 2008-07-03
EP2108033A1 (de) 2009-10-14

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