US20090180484A1 - Information Processing Apparatus, Information Processing Method, and Computer Program - Google Patents

Information Processing Apparatus, Information Processing Method, and Computer Program Download PDF

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Publication number
US20090180484A1
US20090180484A1 US12/281,750 US28175007A US2009180484A1 US 20090180484 A1 US20090180484 A1 US 20090180484A1 US 28175007 A US28175007 A US 28175007A US 2009180484 A1 US2009180484 A1 US 2009180484A1
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Prior art keywords
content
iptv
service
home
user
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US12/281,750
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English (en)
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Tatsuya Igarashi
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Sony Corp
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Sony Corp
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N7/00—Television systems
    • H04N7/16—Analogue secrecy systems; Analogue subscription systems
    • H04N7/173—Analogue secrecy systems; Analogue subscription systems with two-way working, e.g. subscriber sending a programme selection signal
    • H04N7/17309—Transmission or handling of upstream communications
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/46—Interconnection of networks
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F13/00—Interconnection of, or transfer of information or other signals between, memories, input/output devices or central processing units
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/27—Server based end-user applications
    • H04N21/274—Storing end-user multimedia data in response to end-user request, e.g. network recorder
    • H04N21/2747—Remote storage of video programs received via the downstream path, e.g. from the server
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
    • H04N21/436—Interfacing a local distribution network, e.g. communicating with another STB or one or more peripheral devices inside the home
    • H04N21/43615—Interfacing a Home Network, e.g. for connecting the client to a plurality of peripherals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/47—End-user applications
    • H04N21/482—End-user interface for program selection
    • H04N21/4826—End-user interface for program selection using recommendation lists, e.g. of programs or channels sorted out according to their score
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
    • H04N21/64—Addressing
    • H04N21/6405—Multicasting
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
    • H04N21/64—Addressing
    • H04N21/6408—Unicasting
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
    • H04N21/643—Communication protocols
    • H04N21/64322—IP
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N7/00—Television systems
    • H04N7/16—Analogue secrecy systems; Analogue subscription systems
    • H04N7/173—Analogue secrecy systems; Analogue subscription systems with two-way working, e.g. subscriber sending a programme selection signal

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to information processing apparatuses, information processing methods, and computer programs. Particularly, the present invention relates to an information processing apparatus, an information processing method, and a computer program for implementing use of data supplied from outside a home network at a device in the home network.
  • DLNA Digital Living Network Alliance
  • FIG. 1 shows an example of a home network 100 proposed by DLNA.
  • a DVR (Digital Video Recorder) 101 and a PC 102 with a built-in TV tuner, as digital video content recording apparatuses, are capable of receiving satellite and terrestrial analog broadcasting and digital broadcasting, and record and save broadcast programs on built-in hard disk recorders.
  • DLNA Digital Video Recorder
  • a device that stores content and that provides the content to devices in a home network is called a digital media server (DMS).
  • DMS digital media server
  • the DVR 101 and the PC 102 are DMSs.
  • a DMS is capable of performing streaming transmission of, for example, video content of a TV program recorded on a hard disk to a digital media player (DMP) connected via a home IP network.
  • the digital media player (DMP) is a device that receives content from a DMS and plays the content.
  • a DMP is implemented on a TV 103 , and, for example, by using an infrared remote controller or the like of the TV 103 , a user can operate the TV 103 to play video content stored on the PC 102 or the DVR 101 placed in a remote room.
  • a residential gateway (RG) 104 which is used as a network connecting device in a case where a device in a home is connected to an IP broadband network 120 as the Internet, is used as a bridge for IP connection of a device in a home in the example of use of DLNA.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of IPTV and VOD services.
  • an STB (Set Top Box) 105 is installed so that it is possible to receive via the RG (Residential Gateway) 104 and via the IP broadband network 120 content based on services from various IPTV service providing servers 121 a 1 to an and VOD service providing servers 122 b 1 to bn.
  • the STB (Set Top Box) 105 has a function of receiving video information, application executing functions needed for command transmission and reception, for MPEG decoding, and also for playing of received data, and so forth.
  • the residential gateway (RG) 104 receives services (content) provided by a plurality of IPTV service providing servers 121 or VOD service providing servers 122 via the same agent, for example, an access line providing company such as a telephone company or a CableTV company, and in other cases, receives individual services separately.
  • an access line providing company such as a telephone company or a CableTV company
  • STB Set Top Box
  • IPTV services and VOD services become common in the future, similarly to the conventional sharing and viewing by DLNA devices of TV broadcast content as ordinary broadcast broadcasting, user's need arises for using video content provided from IPTV services on DLNA devices.
  • a method in which a device having a large-capacity hard disk, such as a home server, downloads video content from an IPTV service and shares the video content in a home network or a method in which a protocol, media format, and so forth of an IPTV service are converted at a residential gateway (RG) into a protocol and media format of a DLNA device and the IPTV service is provided to a home network connecting device, is conceivable.
  • RG residential gateway
  • a home-network embedded module that executes a format converting process is described in Patent Document 1.
  • an RG is supplied from an access line providing company (telephone company or the like) of a broadband network, and this becomes an obstacle in a case where IPTV services are provided on the open Internet, for example, IPTV services available for the user are limited to the vendor provided by the access line.
  • IPTV services available for the user are limited to the vendor provided by the access line.
  • it is possible to provide a new gateway device in a home IP network separately from the residential gateway (RG) in this case, depending on the network topology, content streaming data is transmitted in duplicates in the home network, so that such a situation occurs that a band in the home network is used in vain.
  • Viiv registered trademark
  • Viiv is considered as a platform of PC hardware and software, and is intended for stream viewing of content on a PC from the Internet by a Dual Core high-performance CPU.
  • Viiv has a DLNA function, and serves as a DLNA media server that performs streaming of content temporarily downloaded from the Internet to the PC to another DLNA device connected to the home network.
  • Patent Document 1 Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication (Translation of PCT Application) No. 2005-531231
  • DMS digital media server
  • RG residential gateway
  • the present invention has been made in view of the problems described above, and it is an object thereof to provide an information processing apparatus, an information processing method, and a computer program with which it is possible to view content provided by an external server outside a home network, such as an IPTV service, by using an existing DLNA device in, for example, an open Internet connection environment that does not depend on infrastructure such as an access line and gateway to the Internet.
  • a communication unit that executes a communication process via a home network
  • a data processing unit that executes a process of receiving a content providing service provided by an external server existing outside the home network, by using mapping information in which the external server is set as a virtual home network device,
  • an embodiment of the information processing apparatus is characterized in that the data processing unit is configured to execute a process of obtaining the user profile stored in advance at a management server and providing the external server with the user profile obtained.
  • an embodiment of the information processing apparatus is characterized in that the data processing unit is configured to send the user profile updated at the information processing apparatus to the management server to execute a process of updating the user profile stored at the management server.
  • an embodiment of the information processing apparatus is characterized in that the data processing unit is configured to execute a process of receiving from the external server a content list set as personalized data on the basis of the user profile and displaying the content list on a display unit.
  • an embodiment of the information processing apparatus is characterized in that the data processing unit is configured to execute a process of receiving from the external server advertisement information set as personalized data on the basis of the user profile and displaying the advertisement information on a display unit.
  • an embodiment of the information processing apparatus is characterized in that the data processing unit is configured to execute a process of receiving from the external server VoD (Video on Demand)-enabled content set as personalized data on the basis of the user profile and displaying the content on a display unit.
  • VoD Video on Demand
  • an embodiment of the information processing apparatus is characterized in that the user profile is configured to include information regarding at least one of a language used, a nationality, an age, an address, a phone number, and hobby and preference information of a user.
  • a second aspect of the present invention is an information processing method executed at an information processing apparatus, characterized by executing:
  • a communication step in which a communication unit executes a communication process via a home network
  • a content receiving step in which a data processing unit executes a process of receiving content provided by an external server existing outside the home network, by using mapping information in which the external server is set as a virtual home network device;
  • a content control process step in which the data processing unit receives data from the external server as personalized data selected or edited on the basis of a user profile, which is user information registered in advance.
  • an embodiment of the information processing method according to the present invention is further characterized in that the data processing unit executes a process of obtaining the user profile stored in advance at a management server and providing the external server with the user profile obtained.
  • an embodiment of the information processing method according to the present invention is further characterized in that the data processing unit sends the user profile updated at the information processing apparatus to the management server to execute a process of updating the user profile stored at the management server.
  • an embodiment of the information processing method according to the present invention is further characterized in that the data processing unit executes a process of receiving from the external server a content list set as personalized data on the basis of the user profile and displaying the content list on a display unit.
  • an embodiment of the information processing method according to the present invention is further characterized in that the data processing unit executes a process of receiving from the external server advertisement information set as personalized data on the basis of the user profile and displaying the advertisement information on a display unit.
  • an embodiment of the information processing method according to the present invention is further characterized in that the data processing unit executes a process of receiving from the external server VoD (Video on Demand)-enabled content set as personalized data on the basis of the user profile and displaying the content on a display unit.
  • VoD Video on Demand
  • an embodiment of the information processing method according to the present invention is characterized in that the user profile includes information regarding at least one of a language used, a nationality, an age, an address, a phone number, and hobby and preference information of a user.
  • a third aspect of the present invention is a computer program for causing execution of information processing at an information processing apparatus, characterized by causing execution of:
  • the computer program according to the present invention is a computer program that can be provided, for example, to a general-purpose computer system capable of executing various program codes via a storage medium or communication medium that provides the program in a computer-readable format.
  • a process according to the program is implemented on the computer system.
  • a system is a logically combined configuration of a plurality of apparatuses, and is not limited to one in which the constituent apparatuses exist within the same case.
  • a DMP as a content playing apparatus, which is a client device in a home network, to receive content from a content providing server outside the home network and to play the content.
  • a home IMS gateway which is an information processing apparatus according to the present invention, executes communication with a content providing server to map the content providing server as a virtual home network device, and in response to reception of a device discovery request from a content playing apparatus in a home network, the home IMS gateway provides the content playing device with server information of the content providing server as information of a device from which a service can be received.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a home network proposed by DLNA.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a schematic diagram of IPTV and VOD services.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining an example configuration of an information communication system according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining functional components according to the DLNA guideline, to which DLNA devices conform.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example hardware configuration of a home IMS gateway.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining an example configuration of software modules of a home IMS gateway.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining a sequence of a procedure for subscribing to an AS (IPTV).
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining a sequence of a procedure for subscribing to an AS (IPTV).
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining an example of a sequence of using content provided by an AS (IPTV).
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining an example of a sequence of using content provided by an AS (IPTV).
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining an overview of data communication in a content using process.
  • FIG. 12 is a diagram for explaining an example configuration of software modules of a home IMS gateway.
  • FIG. 13 is a diagram for explaining an example of a sequence of using content provided by an AS (IPTV).
  • FIG. 14 is a diagram showing an example of a service screen provided by an AS (IPTV) and a screen display on occasion of a streaming playing process.
  • AS IPTV
  • FIG. 15 is a diagram for explaining components of an IPTV terminal function, which is a function needed for receiving an IPTV service.
  • FIG. 16 is a diagram for explaining CSCF, HSS, and AS, which are main functions of an IMS (IP Multimedia Subsystem).
  • IMS IP Multimedia Subsystem
  • FIG. 17 is a diagram for explaining functions used in a network configuration in order to receive an IPTV service at a device in a home network.
  • FIG. 18 is a diagram for explaining a process of managing quality of communication data.
  • FIG. 19 is a diagram for explaining a communication sequence executed by a client in order to receive an IPTV service.
  • FIG. 20 is a diagram for explaining a communication sequence executed by a client in order to receive an IPTV service.
  • FIG. 21 is a diagram for explaining a communication sequence executed by a client in order to receive an IPTV service.
  • FIG. 22 is a diagram for explaining a communication sequence executed by a client in order to receive an IPTV service.
  • FIG. 23 is a diagram for explaining a communication sequence executed by a client in order to receive an IPTV service.
  • FIG. 24 is a diagram for explaining a network connecting process sequence of a client for receiving an IPTV service.
  • FIG. 25 is a diagram for explaining a network connecting process sequence of a client for receiving an IPTV service.
  • FIG. 26 is a diagram for explaining a network connecting process sequence of a client for receiving an IPTV service.
  • IPTV service systems have been developed and commercialized by various vendors, such as U.S. Microsoft Corporation.
  • IMS IP multimedia subsystem
  • IMS has originally been developed by 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project), which is a project for standardizing 3rd generation mobile communication systems, as base technologies for providing, for example, push to talk conference systems, which enable conversation by three or more cellular phones, communication such as instant messages, and multimedia additional services in voice telephony services on wireless communication infrastructure for cellular phones.
  • 3GPP 3rd Generation Partnership Project
  • IMS is based on IP technologies, and is highly compatible with Internet infrastructure for fixed communication systems.
  • FMC Fixed Mobile Convergence
  • IMS is composed of functional elements such as a home subscriber subsystem (HSS) and an application server (AS), with a functional component called CSCF (Call Session Control Function) as a core, which is based on SIP (Session Initiation Protocol) defined by RFC-3261 of IETF (The Internet Engineering Task Force).
  • HSS home subscriber subsystem
  • AS application server
  • CSCF Call Session Control Function
  • An IMS network 230 shown in FIG. 3 includes a CSCF 231 , an HSS 232 , and an AS (IPTV) 233 as these individual functional elements, and it provides services to a cellular phone 260 via a mobile phone network 240 .
  • CSCF 231 CSCF 231
  • HSS 232 HSS 232
  • AS IPTV
  • the CSCF 231 performs user registration and session setting control on the basis of SIP (Session Initiation Protocol). Furthermore, it executes activation of service processes needed according to setting of a user profile registered in the HSS 232 .
  • the HSS 232 includes databases for management of user IDs used in IMS, management of profiles of services that each user subscribes to, management of authentication information, management as to whether use of each IMS service is allowed, and management of user movement.
  • the AS 233 is a server that executes processes of individual services, and it is activated by the CSCF 231 in accordance with the service subscription status of each user to provide services to the user.
  • a representative example of a service that uses IMS is “Push To Talk”.
  • a user terminal is configured to connect to an application server (AS) AS that executes a “Push To Talk” service in the IMS network 230 , establish sessions with a plurality of members from the AS with registered group members, and perform conversation among the members via a relaying server using VoIP (Voice over IP).
  • AS application server
  • VoIP Voice over IP
  • an AS for an IPTV service set in the IMS network 230 , is used.
  • the AS (IPTV) 233 shown in FIG. 3 corresponds to an AS that executes the IPTV service.
  • the AS (IPTV) 233 actually executes a service for the user terminal in cooperation with an IPTV service 250 as an entity that executes the IPTV service, i.e., an entity that provides content.
  • the IPTV service 250 includes an EPG server 251 , which is a server that provides an EPG (Electronic Program Guide), i.e., program information guide such as a content list, and a video server 252 , which is a server that provides video content, and it implements a service of providing a content list and a service of providing content to the user terminal by cooperation between the respective servers and the AS (IPTV) 233 of the IMS network 230 .
  • EPG Electronic Program Guide
  • program information guide such as a content list
  • video server 252 which is a server that provides video content
  • a home network 210 is configured by a conventional-type home network described earlier with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2 , i.e., by existing DLNA (Digital Living Network Alliance) devices.
  • FIG. 1 A conventional-type home network described earlier with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2 , i.e., by existing DLNA (Digital Living Network Alliance) devices.
  • FIG. 1 A conventional-type home network described earlier with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2 , i.e., by existing DLNA (Digital Living Network Alliance) devices.
  • DLNA Digital Living Network Alliance
  • RG 3 shows a residential gateway (RG) 211 used as a bridge, which is a network connecting device for connecting a device in the home network to an IP broadband network 221 , a home IMS gateway 212 that executes a process for allowing a device in the home network 210 (e.g., a content playing device such as a TV (DMP) 213 ) to use a service provided by a server outside the home network, and the TV 213 as a digital media player (DMP), which is a client device that receives and plays content.
  • DMP digital media player
  • a broadband IP network 220 is a network, such as the Internet, that allows mutual communication among the IPTV service 250 , the IMS network 230 , and the home network 210 .
  • the home IMS gateway 212 is set as a terminal that receives an IMS network service.
  • an IMS user ID is set. That is, a user ID and a user profile of the home IMS gateway 212 are registered in the home subscriber subsystem (HSS) 232 of the IMS network 230 .
  • HSS home subscriber subsystem
  • the home IMS gateway 212 receives an IPTV service by executing a process similarly to a case where the cellular phone 260 executes an IPTV service. That is, it accesses the CSCF 231 and performs terminal registration and session setting control, activates services needed according to setting of the user profile registered in the HSS 232 , and receives a service using the AS (IPTV) 233 .
  • the home IMS gateway 212 executes a gateway function for access by a DLNA device, such as the TV (DMP) 213 shown in the figure, to video content provided by the IPTV service 250 . That is, the home IMS gateway 212 has the following functions:
  • the home IMS gateway 212 can be implemented on various devices connected to an existing home IP network having a network communication function.
  • the home IMS gateway 212 executes a process of relaying video content or the like provided by the IPTV service 250 to a DLNA device, such as the TV (DMP) 213 shown in the figure, the following function is further provided:
  • this function is not absolutely necessary, and such a configuration is possible that transmission and reception of content are executed by communication between a DMP as a DLNA device and an external server without the home IMS gateway 212 intervening therebetween.
  • the home IMS gateway 212 need not have the DMS function. Specific process configurations of these will be described later.
  • the home IMS gateway 212 having a function for receiving an IMS network service in the home network, it becomes possible for an existing DLNA device (e.g., the TV (DMP) 213 shown in the figure) to receive IPTV video content by a process substantially similar to receiving content provided from a DMS in the home network, i.e., the home IMS gateway 212 .
  • an existing DLNA device e.g., the TV (DMP) 213 shown in the figure
  • the TV (DMP) 213 which is a client device in the home network, to execute an IPTV service executed as a process of providing content from a device outside the home network, by a content using process similar to receiving content provided from a DMS in the home network, i.e., the home IMS gateway 212 .
  • the home IMS gateway 212 implements a DMS (Digital Media Server) function as a content providing server of a DLNA device. An access is made from the TV 213 on which a DMP (Digital Media Player) is implemented to the home IMS gateway 212 , so that the IMS gateway 212 can provide an IPTV service received via the IMS network 230 to the TV 213 .
  • DMS Digital Media Server
  • the home IMS gateway 212 can be implemented on various devices having a network communication function and connected to an existing home IP network.
  • an IMS network service receiving function on a residential gateway (RG: Residential) supplied from an access line vendor that provides a network circuit, such as a telephone company or a cable TV company.
  • RG Residential gateway
  • the RG 211 and the home IMS gateway 212 shown in FIG. 3 are integrated.
  • an IMS network service receiving function on a DVR (Digital Video Recorder) or a PC that functions as a digital media server (DMS) as a device that provides content.
  • DVR Digital Video Recorder
  • DMS digital media server
  • devices on which an IMS network service receiving function can be implemented are not limited, it becomes possible to support an IPTV service using the open Internet, and it also becomes possible to support an arbitrary home network configuration without limitation regarding network topology.
  • FIG. 4 shows functional components of the DLNA guideline. From the top row, configurations of a media format layer (Media Format), a media transport layer (Media Transport), a device discovery control and media control layer (Device Discovery, Control, and Media Management), a network layer (Network Stack), and a network connectivity layer (Network Connectivity) are defined.
  • a home network device executes data communication according to network protocols compliant with the DLNA (Digital Living Network Alliance) guideline according to the basic components shown in FIG. 4 .
  • DLNA Digital Living Network Alliance
  • the network connectivity on the lowermost layer is a definition of a physical layer and a link layer of a home network.
  • a DLNA device communication functions conforming to the IEEE 802.3u and 802.211a/b/g are implemented.
  • the communication standard regarding home network infrastructure is not limited as long as IP connection is allowed, such as PLC (Power line communication).
  • the IPv4 protocol is used, and each DLNA device performs communication using TCP or UDP.
  • UPnP registered trademark
  • SSDP Simple Service Discovery Protocol
  • SOAP Simple Object Access Protocol
  • UPnP AV is implemented over UPnP DA (UPnP Device Architecture).
  • UPnP AV version 1 defines UPnP Media Server and UPnP Media Renderer.
  • a DMS which is a content providing server defined in DLNA, implements UPnP Media Server
  • a DMP which is a content playing device defined in DLNA, implements a controller of UPnP Media Server.
  • a main content directory service is implemented, so that a method of obtaining a content list and metadata is provided.
  • the DMP which is a content playing device defined in DLNA
  • obtains a content list streamed by the DMS which is a content providing server defined in DLNA.
  • HTTP 1.0/1.1 is used for streaming playing.
  • a media format in the case of video content, it is defined that content of Media Formats conforming to the MPEG2-PS profile defined by DLNA is transferred by streaming from the DMS to the DMP.
  • the DMP which is a content playing device defined by DLNA, sequentially decodes and plays MPEG2-PS data received by streaming transmission, whereby the user can view the content.
  • FIG. 5 shows an example hardware configuration of the home IMS gateway 212 described with reference to FIG. 3 .
  • the home IMS gateway 212 has the following functions:
  • FIG. 5 shows an example hardware configuration for implementing these functions (a) to (b).
  • the home IMS gateway 212 is configured by a CPU 301 as a data processing unit that executes various types of software (computer programs), a memory 302 formed of a ROM as a program storage area, a RAM used as a work area or the like during execution of data processing and so forth, a network I/F 303 as a network connecting unit, and furthermore, a bus 304 for transferring commands and data between these components.
  • a CPU 301 as a data processing unit that executes various types of software (computer programs)
  • a memory 302 formed of a ROM as a program storage area, a RAM used as a work area or the like during execution of data processing and so forth
  • a network I/F 303 as a network connecting unit
  • a bus 304 for transferring commands and data between these components.
  • the network I/F 303 is, for example, a network I/F for a wired LAN, such as IEEE 802.3u.
  • An OS and other software programs are stored in a flash-ROM constituting the memory 302 , and these programs are copied to a RAM constituting the memory 302 and executed. Furthermore, a user ID and various types of setting information needed in a process of establishing an IMS session are also saved in the flash-ROM constituting the memory 302 .
  • the software modules can be classified into three types:
  • the network modules are modules in charge of controlling communication in an IP network.
  • the protocol modules are modules in charge of protocol control for the individual functions of IMS and DLNA, i.e., performing control so that the IMS side executes communication according to a protocol defined on the IMS side and performing control so that that the DLNA side executes communication according to a protocol defined on the DLNA side. Since communication according to different protocols is executed on the IMS side and on the DLNA side, configurations supporting different protocols are provided.
  • the application modules are modules that implement an actual gateway function using the protocol modules, i.e., that implements relaying between the DLNA side on the home network side and the IMS network, which is a network outside the home network.
  • an IPv4 TCP IP stack and an Auto IP/DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) Client module for executing a process of setting an IP address, defined in UPnP DA, are implemented.
  • the same network modules can be used by both IMS and DLNA.
  • the home IMS gateway 212 Basically, it suffices for the home IMS gateway 212 to be connected to a home IP network, so that it is not absolutely necessary to separately set network I/Fs. Note, however, that in a case where it is configured as integrated with a residential gateway, a home network connection I/F and an external network connection I/F may be configured separately.
  • the protocol modules are set individually in accordance with the individual protocols.
  • the DLNA side is composed of SOAP, GENA (Generic Event Notification Architecture), Presentation Page and Device Description modules by an HTTP (Hyper Text Transfer Protocol) server, SSDP in charge of Device Discovery as a device discovery process, and an AKE module that executes authentication and key exchange (AKE) of DTCP-IP (Digital Transmission Content Protection—Internet Protocol) needed for implementing content in a home network, as defined in UPnP DA.
  • SOAP Simple Event Notification Architecture
  • GENA Generic Event Notification Architecture
  • HTTP Hyper Text Transfer Protocol
  • SSDP in charge of Device Discovery as a device discovery process
  • AKE authentication and key exchange
  • DTCP-IP Digital Transmission Content Protection—Internet Protocol
  • the IMS side is composed of SIP/Module that establishes a session with an AS (Application Server), which is a server that provides an IMS service, and SOAP and GENA modules that perform message communication with the AS. Furthermore, on the IMS side, since communication over the open Internet is assumed, communication executing protocols, such as SIP and SOAP, are implemented over the TLS (Transport Layer Security) protocol defined in IETF RFC 2246 for security, so that the protocol setting is such that communication is executed under a secure environment.
  • AS Application Server
  • the home IMS gateway 212 which is an information processing apparatus of the present invention, is that it has such a configuration that a process of mapping an AS (IPTV service) of IMS as a UPnP device is executed using a function called Device Discovery Control as a device discovery process function used on a DLNA-side device. That is, the home IMS gateway 212 maps a server outside the home network as a virtual home network device. Specifically, by using UPnP Device Proxy Manager (refer to FIG.
  • the home IMS gateway 212 generates a UPnP Media Server instance corresponding to an AS (IPTV), which is an external server, and records it on a memory.
  • AS IPTV
  • the home IMS gateway 212 maps and sets an AS (IPTV service) of IMS, which is an external device not existing in the home network, as a DMS of DLNA.
  • This process is a process of making setting as if an AS (IPTV service) of IMS were a content providing server (DMS) existing in the home network.
  • DMS content providing server
  • a device discovery process according to UPnP is executed through the mapping process by a DLNA device in the home network, e.g., a DMP as a content playing executing device such as a TV
  • the home IMS gateway 212 to notify the DMP that it has a service providing function based on the UPnP Media Server instance corresponding to the AS (IPTV).
  • the AS IPTV service
  • the AS IPTV service
  • IMS content providing server
  • the home IMS gateway 212 which is an information processing apparatus of the present invention, it is possible to make arbitrary setting as to whether a process of relaying content provided by the AS (IPTV service) of IMS is to be executed to a DMP as a content playing executing device in the home network. It is possible to make setting such that, without performing relaying of content, a DMP directly obtains content data from an external network by communication between a DLNA device (DMP as a content playing executing device) and a backend Video Server of the AS (IMS) of IMS. Specific process examples of these will be described later.
  • a DLNA device DMP as a content playing executing device
  • IMS Backend Video Server of the AS
  • the home IMS gateway 212 performs relaying of content provided by the AS (IPTV service) of IMS
  • functions called Media Management for example, a Content Directory service that obtains metadata of a content list, and a protocol for transferring video content, called Media Transport of DLNA, are implemented.
  • Media Management for example, a Content Directory service that obtains metadata of a content list, and a protocol for transferring video content, called Media Transport of DLNA.
  • the home IMS gateway 212 does not perform relaying of content provided by the AS (IPTV service) of IMS, it is not necessary to implement these functions, i.e., the Media Management functions, on the home IMS gateway 212 .
  • the home IMS gateway 212 does not perform a relaying process either for a content list request from a client device in the home network, i.e., a DMP as a content playing executing device, and such that a client device (DMP) is caused to issue a content list request directly to an external server such as an AS (IPTV service).
  • a client device DMP
  • AS IPTV service
  • sending of a request from a client directly to an external server without passing it through the home IMS gateway 212 can be implemented by setting the URL of the external server, not the home IMS gateway, as a URL specified in [ControlURL] and [eventSubURL] of device information [Device Description] defined in Device Architecture of UPnP.
  • an external server such as an AS (IPTV)
  • the model is such that the home IMS gateway is in charge of only device discovery, so that the load is further reduced.
  • the application modules by using the protocol modules, execute a gateway function, i.e., a function of setting a communication environment between a DLNA device in the home network and a server outside the home network.
  • the application modules are broadly classified into a set of modules that perform a mapping process for setting an AS (IPTV) service of IMS as a DMS of DLNA, and a set of modules that pass requests sent to a mapped DLNA DMS (which is actually an AS (IPTV) service of IMS) from, for example, a DMP, which is a content playing device in the home network, to the AS (IPTV) service of IMS.
  • the former set of modules that perform the mapping process are AS Discovery, ServiceManager, and UPnP Device Proxy Manager, and the latter modules that execute the request transferring process are UPnP Message Proxy and AKE Proxy.
  • the home IMS gateway 212 which is an information processing apparatus of the present invention, performs a process of mapping an AS (IPTV service) of IMS, which is an external device not existing in the home network, as a DMS of DLNA. Furthermore, the home IMS gateway 212 has a function of selectively mapping only a service entity [AS(IPTV)] selected by a user at the time of the mapping process.
  • AS(IPTV) a service entity
  • IPTVs ASs of IMS/IPTV exist in the external network and each provides content
  • IPTV an AS that a user has purchased and selected using an IMS charging system is selected and mapped to a DMS of DLNA.
  • AS Discovery shown in FIG. 6 which is a module on the IMS/IPTV side, executes a process of discovering an IPTV service provided by an IMS system
  • UPnP Device Proxy Manager which is a DLNA-side module, manages a list of ASs discovered and obtained by AS Discovery, and presents the user with this list to allow the user to execute a process of purchasing or selecting an AS (IPTV).
  • the home IMS gateway 212 which is an information processing apparatus of the present invention, becomes an HTTP server, and connects to a UPnP Control Point having an HTML browser thereon by using the scheme of Presentation defined in UPnP DA, the user selects a desired IPTV service from a displayed HTML screen using a browser function, and performs a procedure of subscribing to the service.
  • a PC or TV set as a DLNA device in the home network having a browser function it is possible to present a list owned by the home IMS gateway 212 on a display and to select an IPTV service.
  • the home IMS gateway 212 to perform selective mapping such as selecting an IPTV service for which the subscription procedure has been executed by the process of UPnP Device Proxy Manager, which is an application module, and to map the IPTV service to a DLNA DMS.
  • an AS IPTV
  • IPTV an AS (IPTV) that provides content free of charge
  • the DMP as a content playing device, which is a DLNA device in the home network, interprets the AS (IPTV) for which the mapping process has been completed at the home IMS gateway 212 as a content providing server (DMS) in the home network, so that it becomes possible to receive the AS (IPTV) service.
  • AS IPTV
  • DMS content providing server
  • UPnP Message Proxy which is an application module, relays a message supplied from the DLNA DMP to the AS (IPTV).
  • AS IPTV
  • SOAP and GENA equivalent to UPnP
  • AS UPnP Message Proxy
  • the example configuration of software modules of the home IMS gateway 212 shown in FIG. 6 is a configuration of software modules in a case where the home IMS gateway is allowed to execute both communication according to communication protocols on the IMS/IPTV side and communication according to communication protocols on the side of DLNA in the home network, and the home IMS gateway 212 executes protocol conversion as needed in communication between the IMS/IPTV side and the DLNA side.
  • the configuration for the process of conversion of communication protocols may be such that it is executed by the home IMS gateway 212 , or, for example, the configuration may be such that it is executed by an external server that executes communication directly with the side of the home IMS gateway 212 , for example, an AS on the IMS side or a server that executes an IPTV service.
  • an external server that executes communication directly with the side of the home IMS gateway 212 , for example, an AS on the IMS side or a server that executes an IPTV service.
  • the process of mapping the external server is executed by executing a device discovery process according to the SSDP protocol defined by DLNA.
  • a method is employed in which an AS directly processes a UPnP Content Directory service.
  • a procedure for subscription to a service is executed by UPnP Control Point on which an HTML browser is implemented.
  • this may be a DMP of a DLNA, it need not necessarily be a DMP of a DLNA, and a similar process can also be executed by a third party, for example, by an HTML browser of a personal computer.
  • a purchase procedure can be executed similarly.
  • the home IMS gateway 212 itself has a user interface such as a display apparatus and an input unit, it is possible to input information input by the user by directly presenting a list obtained from an AS (IPTV) on the user interface, so that it is possible to execute a procedure for service subscription without depending on control by an HTML browser.
  • a user interface such as a display apparatus and an input unit
  • various modes are possible as modes of the procedure for subscribing to an AS (IPTV). That is, various setting is possible, such as selection on the basis of each service as selection of an AS (IPTV) itself, or selection on the basis of each content provided by an AS (IPTV).
  • a scheme for selecting purchase by each content on the basis of setting of AS (IPTV) is provided by Presentation Page, selection information is registered on the IMS side as configuration data of user profile information, and the AS (IPTV) side provides content according to the registered information.
  • the home IMS gateway 212 setting is possible both for a case where it is configured to execute a process of relaying content provided by an AS (IPTV service) of IMS to a DMP as a content playing executing device in the home network, and for a case where the process is not executed.
  • processing of service logic at an application level for example, data processing corresponding to each service, such as interpretation of a service provided by an AS (IPTV) service, or a process of conversion into a format understandable by a DMP, is not necessary.
  • a process of temporary saving of content data or conversion is not necessary, either, so that it is possible to implement a home IMS gateway by a device with very inexpensive software and hardware configurations.
  • sequence diagrams in FIGS. 7 to 10 are diagrams for explaining sequences of the following processes.
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 show the following components from the left side:
  • IPTV services AS 1 , AS 2 , and AS 3 as application servers that execute content providing services supporting IPTV in an IMS network
  • HSS having databases for management of user IDs used in IMS, management of profiles of services that each user subscribes to, management of authentication information, management of whether use of each IMS service is allowed, and management of user movement
  • CSCF Session Initiation Protocol
  • [Cx], [SIP], [SSDP], and [HTTP] shown in individual steps indicate protocols applied to individual communications.
  • step S 11 the home IMS gateway sends an IMS user ID preset to the home IMS gateway to a CSCF of the IMS network, and in step S 12 , the home IMS gateway receives an acknowledgement of registration and performs registration to the IMS network. Then, in step S 13 , configuration information (config) is presented to the CSCF, and in step S 14 , an acknowledge response is received.
  • step S 11 configuration information (config) is presented to the CSCF, and in step S 14 , an acknowledge response is received.
  • config configuration information
  • step S 15 the CSCF issues a request for available service information registered in association with the IMS user ID to the HSS having a database for managing user profile information and obtains the available service information (step S 16 ), and in step S 17 , the CSCF sends the obtained list of available services to the home IMS gateway. In step S 18 , the home IMS gateway sends an acknowledgement of receipt to the CSCF.
  • the home IMS gateway obtains a list of available services as described above and stores it in a memory.
  • the home IMS gateway generates an HTML document from the list of IPTV services obtained as described above, and prepares for the subsequent setting of AS by the HTML browser.
  • the second phase is the device discovery process.
  • the AS to use is not specified by the user.
  • the home IMS gateway has not mapped the AS (IPTV) as a DLNA DMS, so that the DMP as a content playing device in the home network cannot interpret the AS (IPTV) as a DMS and receive content.
  • the home IMS gateway becomes an HTTP server, and by using the scheme of Presentation defined in UPnP DA, it connects to UPnP Control Point implemented on an HTML browser and selects a desired IPTV service from an HTML screen displayed by the user using a browser function.
  • A2 Device discovery process shown in FIG. 7 is a sequence of this process.
  • the user who executes selection of an AS discovers that the home IMS gateway is connected on the home network by the process according to the device discovery protocol defined in UPnP from UPnP Control Point, for example, a PC or the like having a browser function, i.e., by sending SSDP M-Search in step S 19 and receiving SSDP M-Response as a response thereto in step S 20 .
  • Steps S 21 and S 22 are steps of requesting and receiving specific device information.
  • FIG. 8 shows the sequence of the AS (IPTV) selecting process that is executed subsequently.
  • the user views the AS (IPTV) service list obtained in the first phase by the home IMS gateway from the UPnP Control Point of a PC or the like, and executes service (AS) selection.
  • AS service
  • steps S 23 and S 24 to the home IMS gateway as an HTTP server, on the basis of HTTP GET, an HTML document is obtained and an HTML page is displayed.
  • the AS (IPTV) service list is displayed.
  • the user selects an AS (IPTV) from which the user desires to receive a service or selects content from the list, and then, in step S 25 , the request information is input to the home IMS gateway, and in step S 26 , the home IMS gateway issues a request for subscription to the service to CSCF of IMS.
  • the CSCF executes registration of information corresponding to the service subscription request to the HSS as registration information associated with the user.
  • step S 28 Upon completion of the service subscription registration process, in step S 28 , a notification of a process completion response is sent from the HSS to the CSCF, is sent from the CSCF to the home IMS gateway in step S 29 , and is further sent to an apparatus having a user interface, such as a PC that is UPnP Control Point, and is acknowledged by the user in step S 30 .
  • a notification of a process completion response is sent from the HSS to the CSCF, is sent from the CSCF to the home IMS gateway in step S 29 , and is further sent to an apparatus having a user interface, such as a PC that is UPnP Control Point, and is acknowledged by the user in step S 30 .
  • the home IMS gateway Upon completion of the AS (IPTV) subscription procedure, the home IMS gateway executes mapping so that the selected AS (IPTV) becomes a DLNA DMS, thereby making setting such that the DMP as a content playing device in the home network can interpret the selected AS (IPTV) as a DMS and receive content. That is, by using UPnP Device Proxy Manager and so forth shown in FIG. 6 , the home IMS gateway generates an instance of UPnP Media Server corresponding to the selected AS (AS 3 in the example), and records the instance in a memory.
  • mapping so that the selected AS (IPTV) becomes a DLNA DMS, thereby making setting such that the DMP as a content playing device in the home network can interpret the selected AS (IPTV) as a DMS and receive content. That is, by using UPnP Device Proxy Manager and so forth shown in FIG. 6 , the home IMS gateway generates an instance of UPnP Media Server corresponding to the selected AS (AS 3 in the example), and records
  • the AS (IPTV) as an IMS application server existing outside the home network is dealt with similarly to a DMS (DLNA Media Server) similar to a content providing server in the home network, and it becomes possible to use the AS (IPTV) from a DMP (DLNA Media Player), which is a content playing device in the home network.
  • DMS DLNA Media Server
  • DMP DLNA Media Player
  • FIGS. 9 and 10 shows the following components from the left side:
  • IPTV service (AS) (content providing entity)
  • CSCF Session Initiation Protocol
  • DMP DLNA Media Player
  • IPTV service is either an IPTV service alone or a combination of an IPTV service and an AS, and either mode is possible.
  • [SSDP], [HTTP], [SOAP], and [AKE] shown in individual steps indicate protocols applied to individual communications.
  • the first process is the device discovery phase.
  • the home IMS gateway has already mapped an AS (IPTV) as a DLNA DMS, and it has been made public to each device DLNA device in the home network that the AS (IPTV) can be used as a DLNA DMS. That is, all the DMPs connected to the home network, which are content playing devices, can obtain AS (IPTV) information as DMS from the home IMS gateway by the device discovery sequence defined in UPnP DA.
  • the device discovery sequence is a process of steps S 31 to S 34 .
  • the DMP which is a content playing device, discovers the AS (IPTV) set as a DMS, by the process according to the device discovery protocol defined in UPnP, i.e., by sending SSDP M-Search to the home IMS gateway in step S 31 and receiving SSDP M-Response from the home IMS gateway as a response thereto in step S 32 .
  • Steps S 33 and S 34 are steps of requesting and receiving specific device information.
  • the home IMS gateway provides information based on the UPnP Media Server instance corresponding to the AS (IPTV), generated by the home IMS gateway in the mapping process, i.e., server information corresponding to the AS (IPTV), to the DMP, which is a content playing device.
  • the DMP interprets the AS (IPTV) as being a content providing server (DMS) in the home network.
  • the second process is a process of obtaining a content list from the AS (IPTV) set as a DMS.
  • the home IMS gateway has already established a session with the IMS network.
  • a reconnection is performed using a request for obtaining content or the like as a trigger.
  • step S 35 the DMP issues a Browse action of UPnP Content Directory Service to the AS (IPTV) set as a DMS that has been discovered in the first phase.
  • the home IMS gateway Upon receiving the Browse action from the DMP, in step S 36 , the home IMS gateway relays this request and transfers it to the IPTV (AS).
  • the IPTV interprets the content of the Browse action, generates a list of video content from a backend electronic program information storage server (EPG server) or the like, and sends a response to the DMP via the home IMS gateway (steps S 37 and S 38 ).
  • EPG server electronic program information storage server
  • a plurality of Browse actions are issued.
  • a content list is represented by an XML document called DIDL-Lite, conforming to XML Schema, and resource information (URI) of video data of each content indicates video content provided by a backend Video Server of AS.
  • the home IMS gateway does not execute the process of relaying a content list request from a DMP, and a content list request is issued directly from a client device (DMP) to an external server such as an AS (IPTV service).
  • DMP client device
  • AS IPTV service
  • URLs specified by [controlURL] and [eventSubURL] of device information [Device Description] defined in UPnP Device Architecture are set to be a URL of an external server, not the home IMS gateway.
  • the home IMS gateway providing device information [Device Description] having such URL setting to a client device, a counterparty to which the client subsequently issues a content list request or various types of request with reference to the device information is set to an external server such as an AS (IPTV service).
  • the third phase is authentication and key exchange.
  • a DLNA encrypts the content according to DTCP-IP and transmits the content.
  • Encrypting to DTCP-IP is performed to send encrypted content.
  • a key applied to content encryption is generated by an authentication and key exchange (AKE) process according to definition of DTCP-IP.
  • AKE authentication and key exchange
  • the home IMS gateway has a function of DTCP-IP AKE Proxy, and at the time of content reception, a DMP, which is a content playing device, performs authentication and key exchange with the home IMS gateway having a DMS that the DMP recognizes as a content providing service entity.
  • the setting of a content resource URI set in a list obtained in (B2) content list obtaining process is such that it includes an IP address of an AS video server.
  • An address as a subject of the authentication and key exchange process needed to execute obtaining of content, i.e., the AKE processes, is set to the home IMS gateway. That is, the DMP performs authentication and key exchange with the home IMS gateway in which a DMS instance recognized as a content providing service entity is registered.
  • the subject of execution of authentication and key exchange at the DMP is often an entity that sends encrypted content, i.e., an IP address of an AS video server included in a content resource URI, in the configuration of the present invention
  • the subject of the AKE processes executed by the DMP at the time of a request for obtaining content included in the content list provided to the DMP in (B2) content list obtaining process is set to be the home IMS gateway.
  • the configuration may be such that the setting of content list that the home IMS gateway receives from the IPTV service (AS) is a list set in advance as described above or such that metadata is added or changed at the home IMS gateway.
  • the configuration may be such that at the time when the home IMS gateway provides a content list to the DMP, a notification that the subject of AKE is the home IMS gateway is executed.
  • the authentication and key exchange process is executed according to an authentication and key exchange (AKE) process sequence defined in DTCP-IP.
  • AKE authentication and key exchange
  • steps S 44 and S 45 are processes that are characteristic of the configuration of the present invention, and these are processes of passing a key shared between the home IMS gateway and the DMP in the AKE sequence to the IPTV service (AS) so that the key applied as an encryption key is shared between the IPTV service (AS) as a content providing entity and the DMP as a content using entity.
  • the IPTV service (AS) as a content providing entity and the DMP as a content using entity can share the encryption key.
  • the IPTV service (AS) is a legitimate service that is allowed to share the key, and steps S 44 and S 45 are performed by secure communication.
  • the last, fourth phase is a content streaming process.
  • the DMP which is a content playing device, applies a resource URL obtained in the preceding (B2) content list obtaining process, and issues a content request based on HTTP GET to request HTTP streaming.
  • the video server of the IPTV service (AS) encrypts content data using the key shared with the DMP in the preceding AKE phase, and in step S 48 , starts streaming transmission of content to the DMP, which is a DLNA device in the home network.
  • the DMP which is a content playing device in the home network, decrypts the data received from the IPTV service (AS) by applying the encryption key shared with the IPTV service (AS) in the preceding AKE phase to decode the data, and executes content playing.
  • the process configuration of the present invention is a process conforming to streaming playing by DTCP-IP defined in DLNA, except in that in the third and fourth phases, an IP address used by the AKE module is applied is set to be the home IMS gateway, which is an entity different from the server as a content providing entity.
  • FIG. 11 As devices in a home network 500 , a DMP 501 as a content playing device, a home IMS gateway 502 , and a residential gateway (RG) 503 are shown. Furthermore, as a configuration outside the home network 500 , an IP multimedia subsystem (IMS) 510 and an IPTV service 520 are shown.
  • IMS IP multimedia subsystem
  • the IPTV service 520 has an EPG server 521 , which is a server that provides EPG (Electronic Program Guide), which is a program information guide such as a content list, and a video server 522 , which is a server that provides video content, and it implements a content list providing service and a content providing service to the DMP 501 , which is a user terminal, by cooperation between the respective servers and the CDS 512 of the AS (IPTV) 511 .
  • EPG Electronic Program Guide
  • a video server 522 which is a server that provides video content
  • a basic process flow in a case where the DMP 501 , which is a content playing device in the home network 500 , obtains content from the IPTV service 520 outside the home network will be described.
  • the home IMS gateway 502 has already mapped the IPTV service (AS) as a DLNA DMS.
  • the DMP 501 executes device discovery as a UPnP action to obtain information of an AS (IPTV) set as a DMS from the home IMS gateway 502 .
  • the home IMS gateway 502 provides the DMP 501 , which is a content playing device, with information based on a UPnP Media Server instance corresponding to the AS (IPTV) generated by the home IMS gateway 502 in the mapping process.
  • the DMP 501 interprets the AS (IPTV) as being a content providing server (DMS) in the home network.
  • DMS content providing server
  • the DMP 501 issues a Browse action of Content Directory Service of UPnP to the AS (IPTV) set as a DMS.
  • the home IMS gateway 502 Upon receiving the Browse action from the DMP 501 , the home IMS gateway 502 relays the request to the AS 511 (CDS 512 ).
  • the AS 511 (CDS 512 ) obtains a list of video content provided by the EPG server 521 of the IPTV service 520 , and the home IMS gateway 502 sends a content list to the DMP 501 as a response.
  • the setting may be such that, without using content metadata, the home IMS gateway 502 may notify the DMP 501 that the subject device of the key exchange (AKE) process is the home IMS gateway 502 .
  • the DMP 501 Prior to receiving content, in step S 102 , the DMP 501 executes the authentication and key exchange (AKE) process according to the definition of DTCP-IP.
  • the DMP executes the process considering the home IMS gateway 502 as a subject of execution of authentication and key exchange. Note, however, that in the authentication and key exchange (AKE) process, in step S 103 , the home IMS gateway 502 provides the key applied as a content encryption key to the video server 522 of the IPTV service 520 as a content providing entity.
  • the video server 522 of the IPTV service 520 as a content providing entity and the DMP as a content using entity share the key.
  • step S 104 the DMP 501 , which is a content playing device, issues a content request based on HTTP GET by applying a resource URL obtained in the content list obtaining process, thereby requesting HTTP streaming to the video server 522 .
  • the video server 522 of the IPTV service 520 encrypts content data by applying the key shared with the DMP 501 in the preceding AKE phase, and sends it to the DMP 501 .
  • the DMP 501 executes a decrypting process on the data received from the IPTV service 520 by applying the shared encryption key, and executes content playing.
  • the DMP as a content playing apparatus in the home network to receive content from a content providing server outside the home network and to play the content.
  • the home IMS gateway provided in the home network executes a process of executing communication with the content providing server, mapping the content providing server as a virtual home network device, i.e., generating an instance in which server information of the external server is recorded and storing the instance in a storage unit, in response to reception of a device discovery request according to the UPnP definition from the content playing apparatus in the home network, providing server information corresponding to the content providing server based on the instance to the content playing device as information of a device from which the service can be received.
  • the home IMS gateway transfers this request to the content providing server so that the content providing server sends the content to the content playing apparatus, thereby enabling reception and playing of content at the content playing apparatus.
  • the configuration is such that, regarding the authentication and key exchange demanded to be executed as a content sending condition defined in DLNA, the process (AKE) as defined is executed between the content playing apparatus and the home IMS gateway, and the home IMS gateway sends the generated key to the content providing server, it becomes possible for the content providing server and the content playing apparatus to share the key generated in the authentication and key exchange process.
  • the content sending process executed by the DMS in the home network content on which encryption has been performed is sent from the content providing server to the content playing apparatus, so that secure content transmission and reception is achieved.
  • this content transmission method can also be applied to Home to Home content transmission.
  • the video server 522 of the IPTV service 520 in FIG. 11 by causing a home server of another home to provide a similar service, it is possible to transmit content of that home.
  • non-commercial content transmission there are cases where transmission is performed without performing encryption.
  • a home IMS gateway for causing a DMP, which is a content playing device conforming to the DLNA guideline shown in FIG. 4 to receive an IPTV service.
  • a DMS which is a content providing server defined in DLNA
  • a UPnP media server (UPnP Media Server)
  • a main Content Directory Service is implemented, so that it is made possible to obtain a content list and metadata by applying it. That is, by using the Content Directory Service, the DMP, which is a content playing device defined in DLNA, obtains a content list streamed by the DMS, which is a content providing server defined in DLNA.
  • the embodiment described with reference to FIG. 9 is an embodiment in which the content list obtaining process by the UPnP Content Directory Service is executed by applying SOAP and GENA message communication defined in UPnP DA.
  • SOAP and GENA message communication defined in UPnP DA Next, an example of a process in which a scheme of Presentation defined in UPnP DA is used will be described.
  • the embodiment described below is an embodiment in which the home IMS gateway 212 shown in FIG. 3 , which is an information processing apparatus of the present invention, becomes an HTTP server, and connects to UPnP Control Point having an HTML browser thereon by using a scheme of Presentation defined in UPnP DA, and the user selects a desired IPTV service from an HTML screen displayed using a browser function and receives the service.
  • the home IMS gateway 212 shown in FIG. 3 which is an information processing apparatus of the present invention, becomes an HTTP server, and connects to UPnP Control Point having an HTML browser thereon by using a scheme of Presentation defined in UPnP DA, and the user selects a desired IPTV service from an HTML screen displayed using a browser function and receives the service.
  • a process of providing HTML data describing a service screen including, for example, a content list, content information, and so forth, from the home IMS gateway 212 to a DMP, which is a content playing device, for example, the TV (DMP) 213 shown in FIG. 3 is executed, the service screen formed of the HTML data is displayed on a display on the side of the DMP, which is a content playing device, the user selects content on the basis of the display data, and receives the IPTV service. That is, for example, by using a PC or TV having a browser function, set as a DLNA device in the home network, a list owned by the home IMS gateway 212 is presented on the display, and an IPTV service is selected to receive the service.
  • an HTML browser for implementing the Presentation function defined in UPnP DA is implemented on the content playing device, i.e., for example, the TV (DMP) 213 shown in FIG. 3 .
  • the content playing device is implemented on the basis of the DLNA media transfer definition and the DTCP-IP content protection definition.
  • IPTV IPTV
  • FIG. 12 shows an example configuration of software modules of the home IMS gateway 212 for executing the (B2a) service screen obtaining process.
  • service screen operating method in order to obtain a service screen by using the function of an HTML browser, the SOAP and GENA software modules described with reference to FIG. 6 are not implemented, and furthermore, instead of the UPnP Message Proxy described with reference to FIG. 6 , an HTTP Proxy that relays HTML data between an HTTP server and an HTTP client is implemented.
  • the (B1) device discovery process is similar to the process described earlier with reference to FIG. 9 .
  • the DMP e.g., the TV (DMP) 213 shown in FIG. 3
  • executes the device discovery process by processing steps S 31 to S 34 according to the device discovery protocol defined in UPnP.
  • the DMP as a content playing device discovers a content providing server (DMS) implemented on the home IMS gateway, and obtains a Presentation URL for obtaining HTML data provided by an HTTP server implemented on the DMS, by Device Description of the DMS according to the definition of UPnP DA.
  • DMS content providing server
  • step S 201 the DMP as a content playing device sends an HTTP:GET request to the HTTP server of the DMS by using a Presentation URL obtained in the (B1) device discovery process.
  • step S 202 the HTTP Proxy implemented on the home IMS gateway transmits the HTTP:GET request received by the HTTP server from the DMP as a content playing device to the application server (AS) of the IPTV service.
  • AS application server
  • the application server (AS) of the IPTV service generates, as HTML (HyperText Markup Language) data, a service screen including a content list by using content information obtained from the EPG server, and in step S 203 , it returns the HTML data representing the service screen to the home IMS gateway as an HTTP:OK response.
  • HTML HyperText Markup Language
  • step S 204 the home IMS gateway transfers the response including the HTML data, received from the application server (AS) of the IPTV service, to the DMP as a content playing device by the HTTP Proxy.
  • AS application server
  • the DMP as a content playing device generates and presents to the user a service screen formed of a content list and so forth by executing a drawing process in which an HTML browser is applied to the HTML data transferred via the home IMS gateway and sent by the application server (AS) of the IPTV service.
  • the service screen includes a content list of the IPTV service, and the user selects content to be played from the content list.
  • the content selecting process is executed as, for example, a process of selecting a content list displayed on the screen by a remote controller, switch, keyboard, or a pointer such as a mouse.
  • a resource URL of content included in the HTML data is identified.
  • the subsequent processes i.e.:
  • the DMP as a content playing apparatus performs content playing. That is, the client device inputs content selection information of the user regarding the content list included in the service screen, and on the basis of the content selection information, the client apparatus identifies a URL corresponding to the selected content, i.e., a resource URL of content included in HTML data, and executes an authentication and key exchange process based on the URL and a content streaming process.
  • a URL corresponding to the selected content i.e., a resource URL of content included in HTML data
  • the service screen obtaining process executed in steps S 201 to S 204 is a one-time process in the sequence diagram shown in FIG. 13
  • the service screen can take on a structural menu configuration represented by a plurality of items of HTML data, and it becomes possible to execute reobtaining of the service screen on the basis of user's operation of an HTML browser. That is, the configuration can be such that a process equivalent to the process of steps S 201 to S 204 is repeatedly executed. It is possible to provide various service screens from an AS of an IPTV service to a DMP, and the user on the DMP side can select arbitrary content from content lists presented on various service screens.
  • HTML data representing a confirmation screen is transmitted from an AS of an IPTV service to a DMP via a home IMS gateway.
  • the user can operate the service screen displayed on a display of the DMP and receive services provided by various IPTV services while executing interactive processes.
  • FIG. 14 shows an example of a service screen and a streaming playing screen provided from an AS of an IPTV service to a DMP and displayed on a display of the DMP.
  • FIG. 14 ( 1 ) is an example of a service screen displayed on the display of the DMP in (B2) the service screen obtaining process in steps S 201 to S 204 described in the sequence diagram of FIG. 13 .
  • FIG. 14 ( 2 ) is an example of a screen displayed on the display of the DMP at the time of the subsequent content streaming process. That is, it is an example of a screen displayed on a content playing apparatus in a case where (B4) the content streaming process described with reference to FIG. 10 is being executed.
  • the CEA-2014 standard will be described briefly.
  • the CEA-2014 standard is a standard of Web-based protocols and frameworks, and it is a standard for remote user interfaces that use UPnP networks and the Internet.
  • the CEA-2014 standard is a standard that defines a mechanism needed for providing a user interface under the control of a remote device connected via, for example, a network or the like.
  • the basic process of the device that provides the user interface is a process conforming to the UPnP Device Architecture (v1.0), which is a definition regarding UPnP networks and Home UPnP.
  • the CEA-2014 standard allows a remote display process of a user interface provided to a home UPnP device by an Internet service of a third party, and defines various UI functions used in TV, mobile phones, and portable devices.
  • the CEA-2014 standard is configured as a standard including definitions corresponding to specific specifications of CEA-2027-A, which is a UI standard of home networks.
  • IMS IP Multimedia Subsystem
  • RG Residential Gateway 211 , which is a network connecting device for connecting a device in a home network to the IP broadband network 221 , and which is used as a bridge;
  • Home IMS gateway 212 that executes a process for allowing a device in the home network 210 (e.g., a content playing device such as the TV (DMP) 213 ) to use a service provided by a server outside the home network; and
  • a device in the home network 210 e.g., a content playing device such as the TV (DMP) 213
  • DMP TV
  • Digital Media Player (DMP) TV 213 which is a client device that receives and plays content.
  • These devices may be configured either as physically separate individual apparatuses or as a single apparatus.
  • a single information processing apparatus or a combination of a plurality of information processing apparatuses as a client connected in a home network basically includes a communication unit that executes a communication process via a home network, and a data processing unit that executes a process of receiving a content providing service provided by an external server by using mapping information that sets an external server outside the home network as a virtual home network device.
  • functions that are needed or effective for the information processing apparatus connected in the home network to receive an IPTV service i.e., functions of an IPTV service receiving client, will be described.
  • the function needed for the IPTV service receiving client to receive an IPTV service is an IPTV terminal function.
  • the IPTV terminal function is a function needed at a logical end point of the IPTV service.
  • each of the RG 211 , the home IMS gateway 212 , and the TV (DMP) 213 executes a part of the IPTV terminal function.
  • the TV (DMP) 213 By each of these devices executing a part of the IPTV terminal function according to their individual roles, it becomes possible to receive a service provided from an external server and to present it at a device in the home network, for example, the TV (DMP) 213 shown in FIG. 3 .
  • a process of providing a service from the external server to another home network device, and maintaining, printing, displaying, or the like is implemented.
  • FIG. 15 shows constituent elements of the IPTV terminal function, which is a function needed for receiving an IPTV service. As shown in FIG. 15 ,
  • the IPTV terminal function can be divided into these individual components. Hereinafter, functional elements included in each of these components will be described.
  • An IPTV client is a component that serves to receive an IPTV service reliably at an IPTV device, for example, the TV (DMP) 213 shown in FIG. 3 .
  • DMP TV
  • the IPTV application client is a component that receives a media signal and sends it to a display system.
  • the IPTV application client receives a command from a user via a remote controller or the like, and executes a process according to the command.
  • the IPTV application client performs display of an EPG (Electronic Program Guide), or a channel specification or changing process using the EPG, and so forth.
  • EPG Electronic Program Guide
  • the IMS communication client is a set of IMS applications used for distributing message information such as messages or video data, and other service information based on IMS, not related to IPTV.
  • the IPTV navigation client is used to download an EPG (Electronic Program Guide), a content list corresponding to VoD (Video on Demand), and other metadata, and to display these using a special GUI for content selection.
  • EPG Electronic Program Guide
  • VoD Video on Demand
  • the IPTV navigation client executes a process such as integrating other metadata from sources such as a broadcast TV or a DLNA home network.
  • the IPTV-DLNA application gateway executes a process of, for example, receiving a medium and an EPG (Electronic Program Guide) from an IPTV client, converting it into a format usable at a DLNA device, and sending an EPG (Electronic Program Guide) or the like via a network, and so forth.
  • EPG Electronic Program Guide
  • the IPTV-DLNA application gateway acts as an SIP (Session Initiation Protocol) client, and executes a registration process for other home devices connected to the home network. For example, it executes registration of family members or devices.
  • SIP Session Initiation Protocol
  • the home IMS gateway 212 is a component that connects a device in a home network to an IMS network. It executes conversion among various signal protocols as needed to execute relaying of messages between devices in the home network and apparatuses outside the home network.
  • the home IMS gateway includes these functional elements (subcomponents). These functional elements (subcomponents) will be described below.
  • the IMS B2BUA functions as a inter-working unit between a pure SIP client and an IMS system, and it executes processes such as conversion between SIP messages and IMS messages and message transfer.
  • the IMS proxy simply sends a message without performing message conversion like B2BUA, and executes a process of determining a route, a process of mapping between an IP address (local and global) and a port number, and so forth.
  • the IMS client executes a client registration process (IMS registration process) by applying identification information or the like of a client. Furthermore, it performs support for processes such as an authentication process and IPSec security connection setting with CSCF.
  • the home router interface function provides routing functions, such as providing a NAT function. For example, it obtains a P-CSCF address by an SIP server DHCP option [DHCP-SIP] or by DNS lookup based on an SRV record, and executes a process of opening and closing a port for control signals defined in UPnP and a port for unicast media stream.
  • routing functions such as providing a NAT function. For example, it obtains a P-CSCF address by an SIP server DHCP option [DHCP-SIP] or by DNS lookup based on an SRV record, and executes a process of opening and closing a port for control signals defined in UPnP and a port for unicast media stream.
  • the IPTV terminal function includes,
  • the HTTP proxy is an intermediary program that executes a process according to protocol definition of [HTTP] to act both as a server and a client for the purpose of issuing a request on behalf of another client (HTTP client).
  • HTTP client can interrupt into HTTP GET sent to the outside, and cache and use data that can be referred to by a URI requested.
  • the HTTP proxy acts as an HTTP client, and executes data searching based on a requested URI, and so forth.
  • the caching function is used to cache data received by the client by unicast download or multicast.
  • the caching function executes a caching process of temporarily recording data such as Web pages (EPG and other IPTV menu), images, and metadata.
  • the caching function is used to minimize interaction wait time of the user, to minimize the amount of unicast download from an IPTV application and control function, and so forth.
  • the caching function can issue a notification from the caching function to the IPTV client using the GENA protocol according to definition of DLNA regarding an event such as occurrence of new cache data.
  • the multicast data channel (MDC) control function is a function that performs intermediation between the caching function and applications installed on the client, and it includes a Multicast Data Channel (MDC) inserting function.
  • the MDC inserting function receives a content request to MDC from various applications, and distributes content by multicasting on a multicast channel.
  • the multicast data channel (MDC) control function identifies requests from various applications by tags. For example, it becomes possible for a browser executed on the client side to obtain EPG by issuing a request with specification of an EPG page tag.
  • the MDC control function filters reception MDC, and sends MDC objects together with applied tags to individual applications.
  • the multicast data channel (MDC) control function includes an MDC proxy, and in a case where the MDC proxy has registered a specific number of requests regarding certain objects such as EPG pages, it can request the MDC control function to include the EPG page in the MDC. That is, it is possible to distribute the same data to a plurality of clients by multicast, and it becomes possible to exclude the necessity of a data request by a unicast channel from each client, so that processing becomes efficient.
  • IMS IP Multimedia Subsystem
  • IMS is based on IP technologies, and is highly compatible with Internet infrastructure of fixed communication systems.
  • IMS is constituted by functional elements such as a Home Subscriber Subsystem (HSS) and an Application Server (AS), with a functional element called CSCF (Call Session Control Function) as a core, the CSCF being based on SIP (Session Initiation Protocol) defined in RFC-3261 of the IETF (The Internet Engineering Task Force).
  • HSS Home Subscriber Subsystem
  • AS Application Server
  • SIP Session Initiation Protocol
  • the CSCF 231 performs control of user registration and session setting based on the SIP (Session Initiation Protocol). Furthermore, according to setting of a user profile registered in the HSS 232 , it executes activation of service processes needed.
  • the HSS 232 has a database for management of user IDs used in the IMS, management of profiles of services that each user subscribes to, management of authentication information, management of whether use of each IMS service is allowed, and management of user movement.
  • the AS 233 is a server that executes processes of individual services. The AS 233 is activated by the CSCF 231 in accordance with the status of service subscription of each user and provides services to the user.
  • a user with a registered user ID accesses the CSCF 231 by using a client device to perform registration of the terminal (client) and control of setting of a session, services needed are activated according to setting of a user profile registered in the HSS 232 , and the AS 233 actually executes processes of individual services.
  • an AS of the IPTV service set in the IMS network 230 is used.
  • the AS (IPTV) 233 shown in FIG. 3 corresponds to the AS that executes the IPTV service.
  • the AS (IPTV) 233 actually executes services for the user terminal in cooperation with the IPTV service 250 as an entity that executes the IPTV Service, i.e., as an entity that provides content.
  • the IPTV service 250 includes the EPG server 251 , which is a server that provides an EPG [Electronic Program Guide], which is a program information guide such as a content list, and the video server 252 , which is a server that provides AV content.
  • EPG Electronic Program Guide
  • the video server 252 which is a server that provides AV content.
  • a content list providing service and a content providing service for the user terminal are implemented by cooperation between the respective servers and the AS (IPTV) 233 of the IMS network 230 .
  • main parts of the functions of the IMS include the CSCF (Call Session Control Function) 231 , the Home Subscriber Subsystem (HSS) 232 , and the Application Server (AS) 233 .
  • the CSCF 231 performs control of user registration and session setting, and executes activation of services processes that are needed according to setting of a user profile registered in the HSS 232 .
  • the HSS 232 has a database for management of user IDs used in the IMS, management of profiles of services that each user subscribes to, management of authentication information, management of whether use of each IMS service is allowed, and management of user movement.
  • the AS (IPTV) 233 executes services for the user terminal in cooperation with the IPTV service 250 as an entity that executes the IPTV Service, i.e., as an entity that provides content.
  • FIG. 16 is a diagram showing the main functions of the IMS (IP Multimedia Subsystem):
  • CSCF Call Session Control Function
  • Proxy CSCF Interrogating CSCF
  • Serving CSCF Serving CSCF
  • the Proxy CSCF serves as, for example, a client as an IMS terminal in a home network, for example, the first point of entry to an external network from the home IMS gateway 212 shown in FIG. 3 .
  • the Proxy CSCF uses a key obtained from the Serving CSCF in order to establish an IPSec security relationship with a client as an IMS terminal in the home network, for example, the home IMS gateway 212 shown in FIG. 3 .
  • the Proxy CSCF verifies integrity and decodes the SIP message. For example, in a case where the message is encrypted, decoding is executed by decrypting. Upon successful decoding, the Proxy CSCF executes a process of confirming a client identifier, and so forth.
  • the Interrogating CSCF executes, for example, a query to the HSS, and so forth, and obtains subscriber information (user profile, etc.) and supports the registration process. Furthermore, it executes processes regarding SIP messages and determination of route for fee charging.
  • the Serving CSCF is a contact point with the home network, and it functions as an SIP registrar and functions as an SIP server that maintains association between a user's position and a recorded user SIP address. It performs a process of obtaining from the HSS an AKA verification vector (AV), which is data applied to client authentication, and a user profile/service profile, and so forth.
  • AV AKA verification vector
  • the Serving CSCF executes a client authentication process using the IMS AKA protocol, and upon successful authentication, it provides a key included in the AKA authentication vector (AV) to the Proxy CSCF.
  • the Serving CSCF checks all SIP messages with the IMS terminal, for example, the client, and determines the route for the messages. This process can be executed as a process in which a trigger rule/event based on the user service profile obtained from the HSS is considered.
  • the Home Subscriber Subsystem maintains a list of client (user) information relating to IMS subscriber information, user profiles, and so forth.
  • client user
  • IMPI private user identity
  • IMPU public user identity
  • a subscriber profile of an IPTV service is associated with IMPI, which is client (user) identification information, and includes a service profile associated with each client.
  • the service profile includes one or more public user identities (IMPU), core network authentication information (option), one or more items of filter criterion information, and so forth.
  • the Serving CSCF described earlier determines whether it is appropriate to define a route to an AS (Application Server), whether this is requested for certain SIP requests, and so forth, and performs filtering. Note that information applied to the filter is saved and reported for each AS regarding each user. For example, regarding IPTV, the HSS maintains information regarding an entity that provides the IPTV service and a service identifier, and executes filtering on the basis of these. Furthermore, the HSS also performs generation of an AKA authentication vector (AV) used during a legitimate IMS registration procedure.
  • AV AKA authentication vector
  • IP Multimedia Subsystem Another element of the main functions of the IMS (IP Multimedia Subsystem) is an IMS application server (AS).
  • the IMS application server (AS) has the following IPTV functions:
  • This is a function for determining the position of an access point for an IMS AS that provides an IPTV service.
  • the (C1) media server and (C2) transcoding function may be configured in the IPTV service 250 in FIG. 3 or may be set as an independent configuration in another device connected to the network.
  • the (C3) home router is provided in a device in the home network 210 , for example, it is provided in the home IMS gateway 212 .
  • the media server is a most important component of the media layer.
  • the media server executes saving and output of VoD (video on demand) content, storage of content for network personal video recording (nPVR) executed as a client-specific content recording process at each client, and so forth.
  • VoD video on demand
  • nPVR network personal video recording
  • the media server executes media stream processing as needed.
  • the Vod (video on demand) content is input from a content management system to the media server.
  • the transcoding function is, for example, a function for executing conversion and encoding of data corresponding to SD (Standard Definition), which is a standard image quality, and HD (High Definition), which is a high image quality.
  • SD Standard Definition
  • HD High Definition
  • a client performs negotiation with an IPTV service providing server regarding a manner of coding a stream, and so forth, by using normal SIP SDP negotiation in an SIP session setup, so that it is possible to receive data coded in a form suitable for the client.
  • the transcoding function needs to execute coding in consideration of a manner of coding usable on the network and also of a bandwidth available on a stream path, and to execute a process in consideration of suitability of a screen size, resolution, and so forth of a client.
  • a home network is connected to a distribution network via a home router that provides a NAT/NAPT (network address translation/network address port translation) function.
  • the home router can be classified into two profiles of full support and restricted home routers. For example, in order to receive an IPTV service,
  • NAT Network Address Translation
  • NAPT Network Address Port Translation
  • an SIP message between an IMS client, such as the home IMS gateway 212 in the home network 210 shown in FIG. 3 , and the proxy CSCF in the CSCF 231 in the IMS network 230 is transferred using IPsec.
  • an IMS client such as the home IMS gateway 212 in the home network 210 shown in FIG. 3
  • the proxy CSCF in the CSCF 231 in the IMS network 230 is transferred using IPsec.
  • a UDP capsule of an IPsec ESP packet [ESP] is used.
  • the NAT/NAPT router In order to support multicast streaming distribution via the home router, the NAT/NAPT router also has IGMP (Internet Group Management protocol) proxy and IGMP snooping functionality. In a case where the home router has a NAT/NAPT route determining functionality, it is managed by the IMS gateway. For the IGMP snooping function to operate properly, an IGMP membership report must be generated by a device that wishes to receive IP multicast packets. For example, an IGMP membership report of multicast streaming is generated by an IPTV client, not by the IMS gateway.
  • IGMP Internet Group Management protocol
  • a client in an IPTV system for example, the home IMS gateway 212 or the TV 213 shown in FIG. 3 , requires an accurate time, for example, in units of 0.1 seconds.
  • a client implements a Simple Network Time Protocol client [SNTP].
  • the SNTP client can receive time signals via a defined multicast channel.
  • the media protocol used for media (program) communication in an IPTV service must provide transport and control functions of real-time audio/video streaming of the media plane, and, for example, the following protocols are used.
  • MPEG-2TS MPEG transport stream
  • MPEG-2TS packets are transported according to the RTP protocol conforming to RFC 3550 and RFC 2250.
  • RTCP can be applied to both a media server and a client as an option. It is assumed that the RTCP protocol conforms to RFC 3550 regarding either unicast or multicast. In order to achieve compatibility, it is presupposed that all the media servers and clients implement both support for RTCP and no support for RTCP. For example, although a media server can send a sender report, a client cannot respond by a receiver report. Furthermore, RTCP information can be disregarded by SDP before streaming.
  • the packet loss rate per two-hour content is less than or equal to 1
  • the two-hour HD content includes approximately 10M-IP packets, and thus it is required that the packet loss rate be less than or equal to 10 to 7.
  • IPTV employs forward error correction (FEC) to perform error correction.
  • FEC forward error correction
  • the FEC transport format is based on RFC 2377 and its extension.
  • the FEC information is described by SDP so as to support another version in the future.
  • RTSP In order to implement playing control including trick play, for example, slow playing, fast forward, rewinding, skip chapter, or the like, all media servers and clients supports RTSP (RFC 2326).
  • RRC 2326 For the purpose of transport of RTSP, TCP is used. In a case of multicast, RTSP is not used.
  • a client establishes a media session by the SIP protocol, and after the session setup, RTSP is used for playback control.
  • MPEG-2 Part 2 and MPEG-4 Part 10 are used for a media codec of video content.
  • Distribution of media such as a TV program can be managed by a dedicated media server after setting of a session between a client and a server, and transcoding or encoding of distribution data is also executed via a network for media distribution.
  • a unicast stream is set up by browsing.
  • a media server having desired content e.g., the IPTV service 250 shown in FIG. 3
  • RTSP a protocol such as RTSP
  • the IPTV control function of the client When the preparation for starting a session is ready, the IPTV control function of the client responds to SIP invite of the client, and the stream is started by RTSP PLAY from the client directly to the media server or via the IPTV control function acting as RTSP proxy.
  • the unicast stream is used, for example, in nPVR (network personal video recording) or VoD (video on demand).
  • An IPTV unicast stream encapsulates MPEG-2 or MPEG-4 Part 10 frames as an MPEG-2 transport stream, and is then set as an RTP packet.
  • the RTP packet is transferred by UDP/IP.
  • Multicast streaming is usually used to implement viewing of TV broadcast. The following two options are available for saving multicast resources.
  • IP edge device is the first IP node between a home network and an IP backbone network and located at an upstream edge of an access and total network.
  • the home IMS gateway 212 or the TV 213 as a client shown in FIG. 3 executes SIP invite to, for example, the AS 233 of the IMS network 230 shown in FIG. 3 or the IPTV control function of the IPTV service 250 to obtain available resources from the network.
  • the client executes a process of obtaining a content list corresponding to a channel selected according to a provided profile, on the basis of a user profile or client profile provided to the external server.
  • a resource ID which is an identifier of an available resource, is written in EPG metadata.
  • the client Upon assignment of a resource, in order to join the relevant multicast group, the client sends an IGMP-join message defined in IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol).
  • the multicast group to join is found by searching the EPG by a linking mechanism.
  • the client executes a process of obtaining a content list corresponding to a channel selected according to a provided profile on the basis of a user profile or client profile provided to the external server.
  • the client executes sending of an SIP message according to SIP (Session Initiation Protocol) in a case where channel switching involves switching of service provider, and does not execute sending of an SIP message in channel switching between content provided by the same service provider.
  • SIP Session Initiation Protocol
  • the client includes a function of restricting IGMP channels that the user is allowed to join, for example, according to a subscriber profile owned by the HSS 233 shown in FIG. 3 . Furthermore, as an option, an access node of the network can execute verification for permission of a subscriber to join certain channels.
  • the basics of the communication mechanism of a multicast stream are the same as those of unicast, but the source and destination addresses in the IP layer are set according to the media server and the multicast group.
  • a data processing unit of a client apparatus sends an IGMP-join message as a message conforming to IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol) to the external server or management server, and stops reception of the multicast distribution content, and in a case where reception of unicast distribution content is to be started, the data processing unit executes a process of sending an IGMP-leave message as a message conforming to IGMP to the external server or management server.
  • IGMP Internet Group Management Protocol
  • the data processing unit of the client executes a process of receiving multicast distribution content in TV broadcast reception, and executes a process of switching to unicast distribution at a time of execution of VoD (video on demand). Furthermore, at a time of an nPVR (network Personal Video Recording) process executed as a user-specific content recording process, the data processing unit executes a process of switching to unicast distribution. Furthermore, also at a time of execution of a trick play as a special content playing process, the data processing unit executes a process of switching to unicast distribution. Note that as a process of receiving a content list corresponding to a user profile or client profile, the data processing unit of the client executes a process of switching to unicast distribution.
  • IPTV QoS Quality of Services
  • RACS Resource and Admission Control Subsystem
  • SPDF Service Policy Determining Function
  • A-RACF Access Resource and Admission Control Function
  • a communication executing application maps application layer QoS information (e.g., parameters defined in SDP) to QoS information sent to SPDF.
  • the SPDF can serve as a logical entity of the proxy CSCF or another physical node, and information needed for this process is obtained from an SIP invite message sent from the client when the user requests a multicast channel or a unicast session.
  • A-RACF located in the access network receives requests from SPDF, and on the basis of the requests and policy information saved in A-RACF, A-RACF can either accept or reject the requests to transport resources under the control thereof. This includes an IP edge and an access node, and finally a response is generated and provided to the application.
  • RACS is in charge of resource saving.
  • failure of resource saving and a failure reporting process will be described.
  • the SPDF fails in resource saving, i.e., upon the SPDF receiving a saving failure report from the A-RACF, as a process of reporting a communication error code, the SPDF returns Experimental-Result-Code AVP together with the following value to the proxy CSCF, which is the communication executing application.
  • the proxy CSCF which is the communication executing application, must map the received error code to an SIP error code, and return it to the terminal (client), i.e., must reject SIP INVITE or SIP UPDATE. Note that for the purpose of [SETUP] of this process, a “Precondition Failure” SIP status code can be used.
  • the priority ordering of communication data in the home network can be performed on the basis of priority marking.
  • This approach conforms to the DLNA guideline. For example, a rule of mapping between types of communication data (traffic types) and priorities (priority [DLNA]) is set, and the priority of communication data is determined on the basis of this rule.
  • an IPTV service a medium as content, such as a program, is distributed via an IP network, and IMS is used for identity (identifier) management, authentication, permission, and so forth.
  • the IPTV system uses IMS in order to ensure that data communication is handled by a reliable, authenticated, and permitted method.
  • SIP is used at a time of distribution of a media stream, and SIP is also used to execute other functions.
  • An advantage of using IMS is that all SIP messages automatically pass through the IMS proxy. This means that the content and headers of messages can be used for automated interaction, such as setting of a correct quality of service.
  • the IPTV architecture is designed so that mutual connection is allowed also with DLNA communication converted into SIP.
  • the IPTV application function receives SIP signal communication from the IPTV control function, and converts it into another protocol (HTTP or the like).
  • HTTP HyperText Transfer Protocol
  • the processes are executed mainly by the IMS application server (AS).
  • each client is configured as an IMS terminal.
  • FIG. 19 shows a client (home network client) 710 , an IMS network 720 , a home network 730 , and an IP network 740 .
  • the client (home network client) 710 includes a TV (DMP) 711 and a home IMS gateway 712 as configurations for receiving an IPTV service, and as described with reference to FIG. 3 , the IMS network 720 includes a CSCF 721 , an HSS 722 , and an AS 723 .
  • these are shown as divided into a control management function that executes content control, a service providing function that provides services, and an IMS core section that controls other processes such as a registration process and communication relaying.
  • Various processes are executed separately in (a) application layer, (b) control layer, and (c) media layer as processes involving communication between the individual layers.
  • the deployment scenario 1 is a process example in a case where there is no physical boundary between the TV (DMP) 711 and the home IMS gateway 712 in the client (home network client) 710 and these apparatuses are integrated.
  • FIG. 19 is an example of a process of registering a client. A registration request is sent from the TV (DMP) 711 as a client to the IMS core of the IMS network 720 via the home IMS gateway 712 , and the service providing function executes the registration process.
  • the TV (DMP) 711 Upon receiving SIP NOTIFY, the TV (DMP) 711 , which is a client, starts listening by the multicast channel. Furthermore, it downloads the first page of EPG and displays it (in a case where the configuration is such that the user starts with EPG), or downloads many pages depending on cases. After receiving EPG, the user selects a channel for viewing. At this time, [T SIP INVITE] is sent to the IPTV control function, and this function captures it and sets up a correct QoS. Then, the user starts viewing the channel, and performs switching among multicast channels.
  • FIG. 21 shows a communication sequence in an occasion when the user has executed a channel selecting process.
  • QoS is managed by A-RACF (refer to FIG. 18 ) according to a request from a proxy CSCF that uses information picked up from [SIP Invite] or according to a request from an IP edge device that uses IGMP and knowledge of requirements of multicast streams.
  • A-RACF access control function
  • the proxy CSCF requests for access resources
  • an SIP message is not sent to the IPTV control function.
  • the IPTV control function must receive a notification since P-CSCF can change necessary conditions of resources.
  • an SIP message is needed only when the user switches to pay-per-view.
  • the home IMS gateway 712 is used as a proxy, and although the TV (DMP) 711 , which is an IPTV client, is directly registered in the IMS core, the home IMS gateway 712 passes messages to the IMS core. Control information is passed through the home IMS gateway 712 by using SIP, and media are distributed directly from a media server (in a content provider domain) to the IPTV client. In order to access a service, IMS identification information (IMS PUID) is needed.
  • IMS PUID IMS identification information
  • the flow in this case is basically the same as the flow of the deployment scenario 1, and a main difference is that registration is performed through the home IMS gateway 712 . The user obtains an EPG and a media stream similarly to the scenario 1.
  • an IPTV-DLNA application gateway which is a gateway that bridges two different systems, is provided.
  • the IPTV-DLNA application gateway connects to the home IMS gateway 712 , and it is registered similarly as an SIP client not having an IMS client, similarly to the scenario 2.
  • the TV (DMP) 711 functions as the IPTV-DLNA application gateway.
  • the IPTV-DLNA application gateway can perform registration also when connecting to a network as an SIP client similarly to a case where there is no IMS client.
  • the deployment scenario 3 can be implemented by two methods. One is a method based on the deployment scenario 1, and the other is implemented as a process based on the deployment scenario 2.
  • a dotted line 715 shown in FIG. 23 means that the TV 711 , which is an IPTV client, and the home IMS gateway 712 may be either physically integrated or separable.
  • the IPTV-DLNA application gateway acts as an IPTV client.
  • the IPTV-DLNA application gateway acts as a DLNA digital media server (DMS) that implements a UPnP AV media server (UPnP device).
  • DMS DLNA digital media server
  • UPF device UPnP device
  • the IPTV-DLNA application gateway converts a media format and protocol of an EPG/VoD content list, program content, and so forth into a DLNA protocol.
  • the IPTV-DLNA application gateway functions as a DLNA digital media server, similarly to the use case of 2BOX PULL.
  • the user browses an EPG/VoD content list by operating the DLNA digital media controller (DMC), and causes a digital media renderer to play video content.
  • DMC digital media controller
  • the IPTV-DLNA application gateway functions as a DLNA digital media server.
  • a download controller (+DN+) downloads video content provided by the DMS.
  • content is downloaded in response to a request (e.g., for a VoD service).
  • the IPTV-DLNA application gateway functions as a DLNA Push controller (+PU+) that implements a UPnP control point for a UPnP AV renderer.
  • the user operates a client device to browse a content list corresponding to EPG/VoD of an IPTV service, and can cause the DLNA digital media renderer to play selected video content by a method in which the DLNA Push controller controls the DLNA media renderer in order to transmit video streaming provided by the DLNA Push controller of the IPTV-DLNA application gateway.
  • the IPTV-DLNA application gateway functions as a DLNA upload controller (+UP+) that implements a UPnP control point for a UPnP AV server (UPnP device).
  • UPnP device UPnP device
  • the user can operate a client device to browse an EPG/VoD content list of an IPTV service.
  • the DLNA digital media server saves selected video content provided by the DLNA upload controller of the IPTV-DLNA application gateway.
  • FIG. 24 is a sequence diagram showing an example of a network connecting process of a client. From the left, a client corresponding to, for example, the TV (DMP) shown in FIG. 3 , a home IMS gateway, and furthermore, CSCF, HSS, and AP (IPTV), which are components of an IMS network, are shown. Note that regarding CSCF of the IMS network, the proxy CSCF (P-CSCF), the interrogating CSCF (I-CSCF), and the serving CSCF (S-CSCF), described earlier, are shown individually.
  • DMP TV
  • P-CSCF proxy CSCF
  • I-CSCF interrogating CSCF
  • S-CSCF serving CSCF
  • the client obtains an IP address in step S 501 , and outputs a registration request in step S 502 .
  • the registration request is sent from the home IMS gateway to the proxy CSCF (P-CSCF), the interrogating CSCF (I-CSCF), and the serving CSCF (S-CSCF) of CSCF, which are components of the IMS network.
  • P-CSCF proxy CSCF
  • I-CSCF interrogating CSCF
  • S-CSCF serving CSCF
  • step S 505 setting is made such that IPSec communication is allowed between the client and the proxy CSCF (P-CSCF) of CSCF, which is a component of the IMS network, and the subsequent communication is executed according to IPSec.
  • step S 506 the client outputs an IPTV service registration request, which is received by the serving CSCF (S-CSCF) of CSCF, which is a component of the IMS network.
  • step S 507 an AS selection process is performed, and in step S 508 , a registration request is issued to the selected AS.
  • the AS obtains an IPTV profile in step S 509 , and issues a registration completion notification to the client in step S 510 .
  • the client On the basis of reception of the registration completion notification, the client outputs a content obtaining request to the AS in step S 511 , and obtains content from the AS in step S 512 .
  • FIG. 25 is a sequence diagram of a case where a registration process by the home IMS gateway, not the registration process by the client, is executed.
  • the home IMS gateway obtains an IP address in step S 521 , and outputs a registration request in step S 522 .
  • the registration request is sent from the home IMS gateway to the proxy CSCF (P-CSCF), the interrogating CSCF (I-CSCF), and the serving CSCF (S-CSCF) of CSCF, which are components of the IMS network.
  • P-CSCF proxy CSCF
  • I-CSCF interrogating CSCF
  • S-CSCF serving CSCF
  • step S 525 setting is made such that IPSec communication is allowed between the home IMS gateway and the proxy CSCF (P-CSCF) of CSCF, which is a component of the IMS network, and the subsequent communication is executed according to IPSec.
  • the home IMS gateway outputs an IPTV service registration request, which is received by the serving CSCF (S-CSCF) of CSCF, which is a component of the IMS network.
  • S-CSCF serving CSCF
  • step S 528 a registration request is issued to the selected AS.
  • FIG. 26 is an example of a sequence in a case where communication between the client and the home IMS gateway and communication between the home IMS gateway and the IMS network are executed individually.
  • the client sends a registration request to the home IMS gateway.
  • the client address in this case is an address (@home) in the home network.
  • the home IMS gateway Upon receiving the registration request from the client, the home IMS gateway converts it into a global address (@op.com) and outputs the registration request to the IMS network.
  • the registration request is sent to the proxy CSCF (P-CSCF), the interrogating CSCF (I-CSCF), and the serving CSCF (S-CSCF) of CSCF, which are components of the IMS network.
  • P-CSCF proxy CSCF
  • I-CSCF interrogating CSCF
  • S-CSCF serving CSCF
  • step S 544 setting is made such that IPSec communication is allowed between the home IMS gateway and the proxy CSCF (P-CSCF) of CSCF, which is a component of the IMS network, and the subsequent communication is executed according to IPSec.
  • the home IMS gateway outputs an IPTV service registration request, which is received by the serving CSCF (S-CSCF) of CSCF, which is a component of the IMS network.
  • S-CSCF serving CSCF
  • step S 546 an AS selection process is performed, and in step S 547 , a registration request is issued to the selected AS.
  • the AS obtains an IPTV profile in step S 548 , and issues a registration completion notification to the home IMS gateway in step S 549 .
  • This notification is sent from the home IMS gateway to the client via the home network.
  • the client On the basis of reception of the registration completion notification, the client outputs a content obtaining request to the home IMS gateway in step S 550 .
  • the home IMS gateway outputs this request to the AS, and obtains content from the AS and transfers the content to the client in step S 551 .
  • the home IMS gateway discovers an IPTV control function, receives EPG data, and then enables [IPTV DLNA app GW] for executing interconnection between the DLNA device and the IPTV service.
  • [IPTV DLNA app GW] functions as a UPnP device, i.e., as a DLNA media server
  • IPTV DLNA app GW starts the SSDP (Simple Service Discovery Protocol) discovered by a UPnP control point [SSDP].
  • SSDP Simple Service Discovery Protocol
  • IPTV DLNA app GW functions as a UPnP control point, i.e., as a DLNA Push controller
  • IPTV DLNA app GW need not start SSDP of a UPnP device, and instead starts SSDP of the UPnP control point in order to discover a UPnP device.
  • the DLNA protocol i.e., device discovery and device control in the UPnP device architecture
  • the digital media server i.e., the UPnP device
  • the digital media player and the digital media renderer i.e., the UPnP control point
  • IPTV DLNA app GW can maintain a session with the IMS core (CSCF) and the IPTV control function while the DMS of IPTV DLNA app GW is usable on the network.
  • IPTV DLNA app GW can reset a session when an SOAP request and an HTTP request from the DMP exist.
  • IPTV DLNA app GW acts as a Push controller, i.e., as a UPnP control point, it is possible to know the length of period during which the session is maintained.
  • an HTTP request for channel changing from the DLNA device is converted into IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol).
  • IGMP Internet Group Management Protocol
  • the client stops media reception.
  • IGMP leave is used to leave from a multicast stream relating to the channel that the user has been viewing.
  • the client sends SIP BYE to the IPTV service providing entity to complete an SIP session relating to media reception.
  • the IPTV service providing entity executes an RTSP TEARDOWN command to stop the RTP unicast flow, and closes the port in a case where the media server does not notice the SIP protocol.
  • the client sends SIP SUBSCRIBE to the IPTV service providing entity by Expire 0 to notify IPTV AS that a switch off will occur on the client side.
  • the client Upon expiration of the service period, the client sends SIP REGISTER to cancel registration of the client identifier. Note that for obtaining the registration information, data (GRUU: Globally Routable User Agent URI) received from the serving CSCF is needed.
  • GRUU Globally Routable User Agent URI
  • the client sends IGMP leave for the control channel.
  • disconnection is performed without executing the sequence described above. That is, in some cases, uncontrolled disconnection from an IPTV service is performed. In this case, it is necessary to stop a media flow of a program or the like being transmitted. However, in this case, a process must be executed in consideration of the following matters:
  • the only method that can be used to stop the media streams is a default timeout of IGMPv3 (a group membership interval of 225 seconds according to [IGMP]).
  • the default expiration value is 3600 seconds.
  • This state relates to SIP REGISTER, SUBSCRIBE, and INVITE.
  • the timeout mechanism clears the state of the IMS core (in a case where a reconnection occurs before a timeout, the timer increases after a new registration).
  • IPTV service providers are discovered and presented to the user so that selection by the user is allowed, for example, as described below. Note that for this process, completion of IMS registration by the user is a presupposed condition.
  • the client first issues a request to the IMS provider to attempt discovery of IPTV service providers. In a case where this fails, it is possible to issue a request to an entity other than the IMS provider, for example, a root.
  • the service provider discovery process starts with discovery of IPTV service providers that provide IPTV services.
  • IPTVs application servers
  • the step of discovering service providers is executed according to, for example, high-level description of “transport of an MPEG-2 TS-based DVB service in an IP-based network”.
  • SIP is used as communication for user authentication, and an IMS trust model for boot-strapping information, such as P-Asserted-Identity, is used.
  • An SIP request that uses DVB IP del that starts with a service IPTV can serve as an IPTV provider. For example, it is identified by that SP CANAL+ is a domain name, and it is possible to assign to a service a name corresponding to the service.
  • the IPTV application uses an IPTV service bootstrap service or a default address.
  • IPTV client sets control signal communication for IPTV SIP dialog, and defines a route in the IMS network CSCF. This also means that it is not necessary to know an accurate address of a service since it can be added later.
  • CSCF must understand that the IPTV SIP dialog is an IPTV dialog, and define the route in IPTV CF (Control Function). This allows IPTV CF to provide discovery information regarding the service provider and the service provided.
  • IPTV service provider e.g., SIP URI or the like
  • SIP dialog e.g., SIP URI or the like
  • EPGs or VoD and nPVR content lists or the like
  • the IPTV client obtains an IP address of the proxy CSCF from the DHCP option of SIP, or uses a default IP address of the proxy CSCF, written on an ISIM (IP Multimedia Services Identity Module) card of an IMS operator.
  • ISIM IP Multimedia Services Identity Module
  • the IPTV client discovers a home IMS gateway by using a UPnP discovery mechanism.
  • the home IMS gateway implements a UPnP IMS GW service, which is a UPnP service.
  • the IPTV client performs a process in which SSDP is used, such as sending SSDP:M-Search or receiving SSDP.
  • the IPTV client Upon discovering the UPnP IMS GW service, the IPTV client issues a request for obtaining an IP address and port of IMS B2BUA of IMS GW. Then, the IPTV client starts an SIP session with the IMS core via the home IMS GW, and discovers IPTV services.
  • a process sequence in the case of service discovery by a DLNA device, described with reference to FIG. 23 is as follows.
  • the UPnP control point of the DLNA device can discover DMS by IPTV DLNA app GW in the case of 2BOX PULL, DOWNLOAD, and 3BOX PULL described earlier.
  • the service discovery of IPTV services is executed by the home IMS GW by the method that is the same as the method described earlier.
  • Methods of deploying a plurality of IPTV services vary among vendors.
  • IPTV DLNA app GW can use a plurality of DMSs individually corresponding to IPTV services. To each DMS, a name as a UPnP device, which allows the corresponding IPTV service to be identified, is set so that the user can select an appropriate DMS for the IPTV service.
  • the IPTV-DLNA application GW controls the UPnP device of the DLNA device so that it is not necessary to implement a UPnP device with which the IPTV-DLNA application GW is discovered.
  • IPTV services Next, various services executed in IPTV services will be described. The following items will be described in order.
  • nPVR network Personal Video Recording
  • VOD Video on Demand
  • EPG browsing In IPTV services, in addition to channel switching, EPG browsing must be provided to the user as quickly as TV broadcasting.
  • EPG metadata regarding programs during a certain period e.g., 8 days
  • service information i.e., TV channel information and EPG, i.e., TV program information
  • the IPTV content browser and IPTV navigation application of the client described with reference to FIG. 15 , searches for EPG metadata by using the MDC control function.
  • the EPG metadata is also distributed by unicast.
  • EPG metadata corresponding to basic programs corresponding to programs provided by IPTV services, or EPG metadata of statistically popular programs, or the like is distributed by multicast, high-level EPG metadata with rich information, such as other program information or thumbnail images, can be obtained through searching by using unicast.
  • EPG metadata provided by IPTV service providers is distributed regularly through a single multicast data channel.
  • the multicast channel control function of the client described with reference to FIG. 15 , filters tagged EPG metadata, such as channel subscription, according to the client configuration, and saves the filtered EPG metadata in a memory.
  • the IPTV service browser and IPTV navigation application uses the MDC control function to search for EPG data.
  • the cycle time of transmission of EPG metadata varies depending on the information types.
  • Service information including multicast channel addresses of TV channels and EPG metadata regarding content (programs) currently being broadcast and next content is sent frequency, for example, at intervals of 2 seconds.
  • EPG metadata corresponding to programs on the current day is sent, for example, at intervals of 30 seconds.
  • the client Since the schedule of TV programs of broadcasting TV services is determined in advance, it suffices for the client to search for new EPG metadata for future programs once a day. However, in order to notify the client of changes in program schedule that occur occasionally, such as urgent news or extra innings of a baseball game, updating of EPG metadata is also distributed regularly, for example, at intervals of 2 seconds, through the multicast data channel. In order to receive the updating of EPG metadata, the client monitors the multicast data channel for the EPG metadata when receiving a media stream via the multicast channel.
  • the EPG metadata distributed through the multicast data channel is data including basic information regarding programs, which is program information.
  • basic information regarding programs which is program information.
  • the client can use a unicast request to an EPG server.
  • the program information is composed of text, video, audio, and so forth, and interaction with the user in presentation of these programs can be implemented by bilateral unicast communication.
  • an EPG or program information menu it is possible to set a subscreen on a display of the client displaying the menu and to display a preview video stream.
  • EPG can be personalized for each user or client, i.e., EPG can be presented with a specific EPG setting corresponding to the user or client.
  • personalization of EPG for each channel can be implemented similarly to configuring EPG according to channel subscription regarding a user profile.
  • program information regarding particular channels is not displayed.
  • personalization according to the user profile i.e., a process corresponding to each user, is allowed.
  • IPTV service When an IPTV service is provided, packet buffering is performed at the client in order to perform a playing process smoothly, such as removal of jitter caused by the network.
  • the client stores data received from an IPTV service providing server in a buffer until the data reaches a certain threshold, and then executes a process for playing, such as decoding. Furthermore, in some cases, transmission and reception of intra-frames are executed by multicast forwarding for reconstruction of images.
  • a process of concluding an old channel for which the previous viewing has been finished is executed.
  • This process can be executed by IGMP leave, which is a process similar to IGMP join.
  • checking is performed at all IGMP aware nodes, comparison with a list of nodes that receive old multicast data is executed, and in a case where a certain node is to stop reception of multicast data, a process of cutting out the node from a multicast tree is performed.
  • a decoder In order to execute decoding and playing of a received video stream at the client, it is necessary to collect much information from the received stream. These information is sent using a particular frequency. Particularly, to start display of new video forwarding movie, a decoder must wait until intra-frames arrive in the video stream.
  • the intra-frames are configured as frames including sufficient information in itself so that complete video can be reconstructed. Depending on the encoding type, usually, these are sent at intervals of 0.5 to 5 seconds.
  • a process of SIP interaction on occasion of setting a new stream can become a factor that causes a delay.
  • a process regarding SIP INVITE which is executed in the SIP interaction process, is a conceivable factor that can cause a delay.
  • a measure for avoiding delay is to reduce the SIP interaction process. Specifically, it is effective to make setting such that an SIP dialog occurs only when the characteristics of multicast streams change between multicast channels.
  • a configuration is employed in which when the client tunes in to an ordinary broadcasting channel, an SIP session is established by requesting multicast transmission having stream characteristics, and setting is made such that other changes in multicast channels require only IGMP interaction, which does not involve SIP intervention, and it is switched to an SIP dialog only when the characteristics of received streams differ. Furthermore, SIP INVITE and IGMP join for the new channel are sent. Regarding delay that occurs in IGMP setup, it is possible to make improvements by allowing use of multicast channels at a point as close as possible to the end user. However, this results in consumption of a larger bandwidth in the access network.
  • nPVR network Personal Video Recording
  • nPVR network Personal Video Recording
  • setting may be such that all the programs provided to the client are recorded. This means that the IPTV service provider records all and saves it on a server for a predetermined period. In this way, the user is not bothered with recording, and is allowed to view a past nPVR EPG that seems similar to an ordinary EPG.
  • IPTV architecture What must be supported by the IPTV architecture are an interface for identifying a program to be recorded and an identification mechanism for achieving this with EPG.
  • the same link mechanism as that for TV broadcasting is used if possible, and in command communication for a recording process, an RTSP RECORD command, an SIP INVITE to nPVR including recording details, or the like can be used.
  • trick play is a process used in a case where the user requests personal recording regarding content that is being received and played in an IPTV service.
  • the client presses a pause button by a remote controller to execute an nPVR recording function, and then freezes the picture to execute IGMP leave from the multicast channel. Furthermore, the client saves content.
  • the configuration may be such that data saving is executed at a server. When the user wishes to view it again later, it is possible to execute nPVR searching and to perform playing by an RTSP PLAY command.
  • a content list (index) that can be used in nPVR
  • the content format and metadata that are the same as those for EPG and VoD can be used.
  • the linking mechanism that is the same as that for TV broadcasting must be used, except that linking is performed by the IPTV control function in order to identify a unicast source, as in the case of VOD.
  • searching for an nPVR content list is executed as HTTP GET.
  • the IPTV service provider provides a server-based searching function. The interface of the searching page completely depends on the service provider.
  • nPVR In a process of playing content recorded by nPVR, it is necessary to first select intended nPVR content. Searching is performed by clicking on a link in the nPVR content list. Content searching is executed as a unicast stream. That is, a stream starts when the user has pressed “play” or has clicked on the link in the content list.
  • An information processing apparatus as a client includes a data processing unit that executes a process of receiving a content providing service provided by an external server existing outside a home network, by using mapping information in which the external server is set as a virtual home network device, and the data processing unit controls the nPVR (network Personal Video Recording) process executed as the user-specific content recording process regarding content provided by the external server.
  • the data processing unit executes a process of receiving multicast distribution content when receiving TV broadcasting provided by the external server, and executes a process of switching to unicast distribution on occasion of the nPVR (network Personal Video Recording) process executed as the user-specific content recording process. Furthermore, in a case where reception of unicast distribution content is to be started, it sends an IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol) leave message to the external server or a management server as a message according to IGMP.
  • IGMP Internet Group Management Protocol
  • the data processing unit of the client can request the external server or another network-connected server to execute content recording by using storage means of these servers. In this case, information needed for recording, such as recording content information and time information, is provided to these servers. Furthermore, in a process of receiving from the external server a content list corresponding to content for which nPVR (network Personal Video Recording) can be executed, the data processing unit of the client performs a process of obtaining a content list selected in accordance with a provided profile based on a user profile or a client profile provided to the external server.
  • nPVR network Personal Video Recording
  • the data processing unit of the client executes a process of outputting content selection information or recording time specifying information in EPG (Electronic Program Guide) to the external server or a management server.
  • EPG Electronic Program Guide
  • the client is an information processing apparatus that receives content regarding IPTV provided via a public network, which is not a home network, and includes means for setting an external server connected to the public network as a virtual home network device; and control means for controlling a process of recording or playing content at the external server via the public network so that the external server functions as a personal video recorder that records or plays user-specific content.
  • the control means of the client executes a process of controlling a process of playing content at the external server via the public network in order to implement unicast in which particular content is provided only to a particular user, and furthermore, it executes a process of controlling a process of recording or playing content at the external server via the public network so that the external server functions as a personal video recorder that records user content.
  • VoD Video on Demand
  • a user on the client side Basically, it is executed by unicast. It is possible to insert an advertisement to content (media) distributed by VoD and to perform searching based on the advertisement similarly to a broadcasting service or EPG.
  • a content list (index) that can be used for VoD.
  • Setting is made such that the content list (index) is limited to content that the user is permitted to view, i.e., it is possible to browse a result of filtering.
  • the filtering can be executed within the network, in that case, the VoD content list must be unicast, or the client can use multicast in order to preload a cache of the VoD content list.
  • the VoD content list is obtained in a manner partially similar to obtaining EPG information.
  • Searching for available VoD content requires that the client can execute an operation for query to the network.
  • the content searching is executed with content metadata.
  • the client In a case where content is played by VoD, from the VoD content list, the client must select a piece of available content that the user is permitted to view and output a content request. For example, if content in the content list is specified, a link to URI of the VOD service is activated, the IPTV control function processes the request. It is checked whether the user has already purchased the content, and in a case where the content has not been purchased, a charge for the content is checked. In other cases, the content request is rejected.
  • the content filtering is a content selecting process of providing an end user with only content suitable for the user on the basis of the IMS of the end user, the IPTV profile, and a set of channels that are subscribed to.
  • the personalization is a process of selecting content to be provided to the user on the basis of the profile of the user. For example, it includes a process of distributing messages and advertisements with an individual as a target based on the user profile.
  • the content filtering for example, only channels for which the user has paid are displayed in an EPG or VoD list obtained by the user.
  • the content filtering makes it possible to generate and display an EPG suitable for the profile of the logged-in user.
  • the user profile is downloaded from a server storing the profile, for example, the HSS 232 of the IMS network 230 shown in FIG. 3 , by using XCAP at the time of log-in, and is saved on the user apparatus.
  • VoD the content filtering is applied when a view of VoD provided by the server is generated or VoD metadata is received at the client.
  • the user profile may be stored at the client, which is an apparatus on the user side, and this user profile may be used.
  • the user profile information existing at the external server or the client apparatus is presented to the server that provides content, and the content providing server executes content personalization to select and edit content on the basis of the user profile and to generate and provide content corresponding to the user.
  • the configuration may be such that these personalization processes are executed on the client side.
  • the content personalization includes a process of distributing messages and advertisements with an individual as a target based on the user profile. These data directed to a particular user are overlaid on the screen at the user apparatus, and is displayed in, for example, a PinP (picture in picture) mode. Personalization is executed by inserting an intended advertisement when a show enters into an advertisement pause while the user is viewing a broadcast show or VoD content. Interactivity can also be considered as a form of personalization based on the user profile. Information included in interactivity data is displayed by means that is the same as the means for personal messages or advertisements, i.e., by overlaying or by using a dedicated window. Personalization is distributed via a dedicated unicast channel, or by a much smaller multicast group targeting a profile set (information of location, age, sex, income range, etc.)
  • the user can send data from the user (for example, via SMS), such as a vote.
  • the vote is collected and used for creating feedback information regarding the program.
  • an existing digital broadcasting system in which interaction with TV programs is already supported by a mechanism that inserts a trigger in an MPEG-TS stream and that gives an interactive object, such as HTML or BML, at the timing of the trigger.
  • an interactive object is embedded in an MPEG-TS stream together with a TV program.
  • the digital broadcasting system may distribute an interactive object via a bilateral communication channel separated from distribution of the MPEG-TS stream.
  • a mechanism that uses a browser applied to an IPTV service is used for interaction with TV programs.
  • reference information to an XHTML document representing interaction with a program is embedded in metadata of program content. While the user is viewing the program, the interactivity system invokes the IPTV service browser for interaction with the program.
  • the XHTML document is distributed via a multicast data channel and unicast communication. Feedback of interaction is implemented by an IPTV service browser based on unicast communication.
  • various profiles such as a user profile of the client, are managed. For example,
  • Profiles such as fee charging, a user identifier, an authentication vector used for an authentication process, and a service trigger are stored and maintained on the HSS 232 of the IMS network 230 shown in FIG. 3 .
  • a profile of the user himself/herself is saved on a client apparatus on the user side.
  • the IPTV provider can save a user profile specific to the IPTV provider in a database of its own.
  • IPTV provider profile as information regarding an IPTV provider can be saved on the client side, and is also saved in a database of the IPTV provider itself.
  • the user profile includes, for example, an SIP identifier, language, nationality, age (information provided by an operator and information provided by the user), an E-mail address, a phone number, interests and hobbies (hobby and preference information), IPTV-specific parameters, and so forth.
  • the user profile is used for service personalization. Specifically, it becomes possible to set and provide data corresponding to the user (My . . . ) on the basis of preferences of the user. For example, it becomes possible to execute, by using the user profile, setting of a my channel, setting of a startup channel, and furthermore, a process of personally mapping a button to My VoD, My Pay TV, or channel, local control, and so forth.
  • the IPTV provider profile includes, for example,
  • the user management means that it is possible for the user to add the user to a domain, change the user, or delete the user.
  • the user profile management means that the user can change information of the user profile.
  • the end user provides new user information to an HTTP portal.
  • the user profile management executed by the end user of the client is executed, for example, by the following processes:
  • New user profile information is input to the client apparatus.
  • the client sends data to a preset profile output destination, such as a server that manages the user profile information, for example, the HSS 232 or the IPTV service 250 of the IMS network 230 shown in FIG. 3 , and a registration or updating process is executed on the side where the data is received.
  • a preset profile output destination such as a server that manages the user profile information, for example, the HSS 232 or the IPTV service 250 of the IMS network 230 shown in FIG. 3 , and a registration or updating process is executed on the side where the data is received.
  • Each server that has executed updating of the information notifies the client and other related servers of completion of the data updating.
  • the client downloads the updated user profile.
  • the registration and updating of the user profile can also be executed through an IPTV service portal.
  • the user profile is provided from the client to the IPTV service portal, and then the IPTV service portal sends these data to a user profile management server (e.g., the HSS 232 of the IMS network 230 or the IPTV service 250 shown in FIG. 3 ).
  • a user profile management server e.g., the HSS 232 of the IMS network 230 or the IPTV service 250 shown in FIG. 3 .
  • the data processing unit of the information processing apparatus executes a process of receiving data from the external server as personalized data selected or edited on the basis of a user profile, which is user information registered in advance.
  • the data processing unit of the client obtains a user profile stored in advance in a management server, for example, an HSS, and provides the user profile obtained to an external server such as a content providing server.
  • the user profile updated at the client apparatus is sent to the management server, such as an HSS, and a process of updating the user profile stored in the management server is executed.
  • the data processing unit of the client executes a process of receiving, from an external server such as a content providing server, a content list, advertisem information, VoD (Video on Demand)-enabled conten the like set as personalized data on the basis of er profile, and displaying it on a display unit e that as described earlier, the user profile include ormation regarding at least one of a language used, nationality, an age, an address, a phone number, and hobby and preference information of the user.
  • an external server such as a content providing server, a content list, advertisem information, VoD (Video on Demand)-enabled conten the like set as personalized data on the basis of er profile
  • the user profile include ormation regarding at least one of a language used, nationality, an age, an address, a phone number, and hobby and preference information of the user.
  • the client device capabilities include, for example, a screen size, a screen resolution, a size of an available memory, types of codecs supported, and so forth.
  • description of the CSCF 231 device of the IMS network 230 is downloaded, and the downloaded description and its URI are recorded in a database or a repository and shared with other entities, such as servers.
  • a global repository such as a W3C DCI repository, can be used, the repository may be used.
  • matching of text content is implemented by using modification, combination, formatting (e.g., XSLT), or the like in accordance with a version.
  • An entity that executes the matching process e.g., a target server or a proxy that executes transcoding
  • the content metadata must include rules regarding modification that must be applied, and also means that the service profile must include restrictions regarding applied transport, terminal, and so forth.
  • the data processing unit of the content receiving client executes a process of obtaining device information of the client, and sending and registering the device information to a database existing outside the home network, for example, a home subscriber subsystem (HSS) defined in an IP multimedia system (IMS).
  • HSS home subscriber subsystem
  • IMS IP multimedia system
  • the content providing server executes a process of obtaining the device information of the client, registered in the HSS, and providing the client with content suitable for the device.
  • the device information includes at least one of a screen size, a screen resolution, a size of available memory, and types of codecs supported of the client.
  • the content providing server executes a process of obtaining these device information and providing the client with content that can be played by the device.
  • the series of processes described in this specification can be executed by hardware, by software, or by combination of hardware and software.
  • the process can be executed by installing a program in which the processing sequences are recorded on a memory of a computer embedded in special hardware or on a general-purpose computer that is capable of executing various processes.
  • the program may be recorded in advance on a recording medium.
  • the program can be received via a network such as a LAN (Local Area Network) or the Internet and installed on an internal recording medium such as a hard disk.
  • a system in this specification refers to a logical combination of a plurality of apparatuses, and is not limited to one in which the constituent apparatuses are disposed within the same case.
  • a DMP as a content playing apparatus, which is a client device in a home network, to receive content from a content providing server outside the home network and to play the content.
  • a home IMS gateway which is an information processing apparatus according to the present invention, executes communication with a content providing server to map the content providing server as a virtual home network device, and in response to reception of a device discovery request from a content playing apparatus in a home network, the home IMS gateway provides the content playing device with server information of the content providing server as information of a device from which a service can be received.
US12/281,750 2006-03-07 2007-03-07 Information Processing Apparatus, Information Processing Method, and Computer Program Abandoned US20090180484A1 (en)

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US12/281,922 Expired - Fee Related US8316082B2 (en) 2006-03-07 2007-03-07 Content providing system, information processing apparatus, information processing method, and computer program
US11/911,316 Abandoned US20090193469A1 (en) 2006-03-07 2007-03-07 Information processing apparatus and information processing method, and computer program
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