US20070039717A1 - Heat exchanger unit and method of manufacturing the same - Google Patents
Heat exchanger unit and method of manufacturing the same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20070039717A1 US20070039717A1 US11/502,497 US50249706A US2007039717A1 US 20070039717 A1 US20070039717 A1 US 20070039717A1 US 50249706 A US50249706 A US 50249706A US 2007039717 A1 US2007039717 A1 US 2007039717A1
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- Prior art keywords
- pipe section
- tubes
- heat exchanger
- outer pipe
- section
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
- H01L23/34—Arrangements for cooling, heating, ventilating or temperature compensation ; Temperature sensing arrangements
- H01L23/46—Arrangements for cooling, heating, ventilating or temperature compensation ; Temperature sensing arrangements involving the transfer of heat by flowing fluids
- H01L23/473—Arrangements for cooling, heating, ventilating or temperature compensation ; Temperature sensing arrangements involving the transfer of heat by flowing fluids by flowing liquids
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
- F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
- F28D1/03—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with plate-like or laminated conduits
- F28D1/0308—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with plate-like or laminated conduits the conduits being formed by paired plates touching each other
- F28D1/0325—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with plate-like or laminated conduits the conduits being formed by paired plates touching each other the plates having lateral openings therein for circulation of the heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another
- F28D1/0333—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with plate-like or laminated conduits the conduits being formed by paired plates touching each other the plates having lateral openings therein for circulation of the heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another the plates having integrated connecting members
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
- F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
- F28D1/03—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with plate-like or laminated conduits
- F28D1/0366—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with plate-like or laminated conduits the conduits being formed by spaced plates with inserted elements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
- F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
- F28D2021/0028—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for cooling heat generating elements, e.g. for cooling electronic components or electric devices
- F28D2021/0029—Heat sinks
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F2240/00—Spacing means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
- F28F3/02—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations
- F28F3/025—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being corrugated, plate-like elements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/0001—Technical content checked by a classifier
- H01L2924/0002—Not covered by any one of groups H01L24/00, H01L24/00 and H01L2224/00
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a heat exchanger unit and a method of manufacturing the same.
- a stacked-type heat exchanger unit 9 shown in FIG. 20 is known.
- electronic components 4 are arranged between the tubes 92 to be cooled by a heat medium flowing in the tubes 92 through side surfaces thereof.
- This kind of heat exchanger unit is for example disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 2001-320005.
- ends of the tubes 92 are connected to a first header 94 and a second header 95 . Because the first header 94 and the second header 95 are provided as individual parts, the number of parts increases. As such, manufacturing costs are likely to increase.
- the tubes 92 are fixed to the first header 94 and the second header 95 . Therefore, it is difficult to change spaces between adjacent tubes 92 . With this, it is difficult to insert the electronic components 4 between the tubes 92 so that both of the side surfaces of the electronic components 4 properly contact the tubes 92 .
- FIG. 21 Another stacked-type heat exchanger unit is known, as shown in FIG. 21 .
- tubes 92 are arranged such that electronic components 4 are interposed between the adjacent tubes 92 .
- communication members 93 are disposed between the tubes 92 so that the tubes 92 communicate with each other through the communication members 93 .
- This kind of heat exchanger unit is for example disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 2002-26215.
- the tubes 92 and the communication members 93 are provided as individual parts. It is necessary to connect the communication members 93 to the tubes 92 . As such, manufacturing costs are likely to increase. Further, it is difficult to improve productivity.
- a heat exchanger unit has a plurality of tubes each having a flat body section and at least one of an inner pipe section and an outer pipe section extending from the body section in a direction perpendicular to an axis of the body section and defining an opening at an end.
- the body section defines a passage through which a heat medium flows.
- Each of the inner pipe section and the outer pipe section has a first portion and a second portion adjacent to the first portion.
- the first portion and the second portion of the inner pipe section have an outer diameter smaller than an inner diameter of the first portion and the second portion of the outer pipe section.
- the tubes are stacked such that the body sections are spaced from each other for performing heat exchange between the heat medium and an object existing between the adjacent body sections, and the inner pipe section is received in the outer pipe section, to thereby form a header part for permitting communication between the adjacent body sections.
- the inner pipe section is received in the outer pipe section such that the first portion of the inner pipe section overlaps the first portion of the outer pipe section, and the second portions of the inner pipe section and the outer pipe section are located on opposite sides of the overlapped first portions in an axial direction of the inner pipe section and the outer pipe section.
- the passages of the adjacent tubes are communicated with each other through the inner pipe sections and the outer pipe sections, which are coupled to each other. As such, it is not necessary to use an additional member for coupling the adjacent tubes. Thus, the number of parts reduces and manufacturability improves.
- the inner pipe section and the outer pipe section are coupled by joining side walls thereof.
- the header part has an inner diameter substantially equal to the inner diameter of the inner and outer pipe sections. Therefore, flow resistance in the header part is reduced, and pressure loss in the header part is suppressed. Accordingly, the heat medium can be distributed substantially equally into the plural tubes. As a result, heat exchange is properly performed.
- the inner pipe section has the second portion that has the outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the first portion of the outer pipe section.
- the outer pipe section has the second portion that has the inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the first portion of the inner pipe section. Therefore, the inner pipe section and the outer pipe section do not have portions that contact and push each other in the axial direction of the inner pipe section and the outer pipe section while the inner pipe section is inserted in the outer pipe section.
- a heat exchanger unit has a plurality of tubes each having a flat body section and at least one of an inner pipe section and an outer pipe section extending from the body section in a direction perpendicular to an axis of the body section and defining an opening at an end.
- the body section defines a passage through which a heat medium flows.
- the outer pipe section has a flange portion at the end. An end of the flange has a diameter larger than an inner diameter of a remaining portion of the outer pipe section.
- the tubes are stacked such that the inner pipe section is inserted in the outer pipe section in a condition that a brazing material is disposed between the flange of the outer pipe section and the inner pipe section.
- a brazing material is melted and then hardened, an outer side wall of the inner pipe section and an inner side wall of the outer pipe section are brazed to each other.
- the brazing material is easily held by the flange while the inner pipe section is inserted in the outer pipe section. Furthermore, the brazing material can easily flow between the outer side wall of the inner pipe section and the inner side wall of the outer pipe section. Accordingly, the adjacent tubes are easily and properly joined to each other.
- the heat exchanger unit according to the first aspect and the second aspect can provide an electronic component cooling unit, manufactured with a reduced cost.
- FIG. 1 is a plan view of a heat exchanger unit having a heat exchanger and electronic components according to a first example embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a header part of the heat exchanger according to the first example embodiment
- FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a joint portion between an inner pipe section and an outer pipe section, which construct the header part, according to the first example embodiment
- FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a flange of an outer pipe section having a taper shape according to a modification of the first example embodiment
- FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a flange of an outer pipe section including a perpendicular flat wall according to another modification of the first example embodiment
- FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a flange of an outer pipe section including a bent portion according to further another modification of the first example embodiment
- FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a tube of the heat exchanger, partly including a cross-section, according to the first example embodiment
- FIG. 8 is an explanatory side view of tubes before the tubes are coupled together according to the first example embodiment
- FIG. 9 is an explanatory side view of the tubes when the tubes are coupled together according to the first example embodiment.
- FIG. 10A to 10 D are schematic cross-sectional views of a part of the heat exchanger for showing manufacturing steps, in which FIG. 10A shows a condition that the tubes are coupled through a spacing jig between them; FIG. 10B shows a condition that the tubes have been brazed; FIG. 10C shows a condition that an electronic component is placed between the tubes; and FIG. 10D shows a condition that the electronic component is held between the tubes;
- FIG. 11 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of an introduction pipe and an inlet port of the heat exchanger according to the first example embodiment
- FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a part of a heat exchanger adjacent to a header part according to a second example embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a schematic view of a part of a heat exchanger adjacent to a header part according to a third example embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 14 is a schematic view of a part of a heat exchanger adjacent to a header part according to a fourth example embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 15 is a plan view of a plate including a pair of outer plates for a tube of a heat exchanger according to a fifth example embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view of the plate taken along line XVI-XVI in FIG. 15 ;
- FIG. 17 is a schematic view of a part of a heat exchanger adjacent to a header part according to the fifth example embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 18 is a schematic view of a part of a heat exchanger adjacent to a header part according to a sixth example embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 19 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a part of a heat exchanger adjacent to a header part as a comparative example
- FIG. 20 is a side view of a stacked-type heat exchanger unit of a prior art.
- FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional view of a stacked-type heat exchanger unit of another prior art.
- the heat exchanger unit 10 of the first example embodiment has a heat exchanger 1 through which a heat medium 5 flows.
- the heat exchanger unit 10 performs heat exchange between the heat medium 5 and a heat exchanging object existing between tubes 2 of the heat exchanger 1 .
- electronic components 4 are disposed between the tubes 2 as the heat exchanging object.
- This heat exchanger unit 10 for example constructs a part of a power conversion apparatus.
- the heat exchanger 1 is formed of a stack of tubes 2 .
- the electronic components 4 are arranged between the adjacent tubes 2 .
- Each of the electronic components 4 has a flat rectangular parallelepiped shape.
- the electronic component 4 for example includes a power element therein for controlling high power.
- an electrode for power supply extends from one of longitudinal side walls of the electronic component 4 and an electrode for controlling the power extends from the opposite longitudinal side wall of the electronic component 4 .
- the electronic components 4 are interposed between the tubes 2 such that a first main surface and a second main surface of each electronic component 4 are in contact with outer surfaces of the tubes 2 . As such, the electronic components 4 are cooled by the heat medium 5 flowing in the tubes 2 through the first and second main surfaces. Namely, the electronic components 4 and the tubes 2 are alternately arranged. Further, end tubes 2 are disposed at both ends of the stack of tubes 2 and electronic components 4 .
- the heat exchanger 1 forms a supply header part (hereafter, a first header part) 11 and a discharge header part (hereafter, a second header part) 12 at ends of the tubes 2 .
- the adjacent tubes 2 communicate with each other through the first header part 11 and the second header part 12 .
- the tubes 2 are stacked such that the electronic components 4 are sandwiched from both sides.
- Each of the tubes 2 has a body section and projecting pipe sections 22 at ends of the body section.
- the body section has generally a flat tubular shape and defines a passage 21 therein through which the heat medium flows 5 .
- the projecting pipe sections 22 project from the body section in a direction generally perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the body section. In other words, the projecting pipe sections 22 project in a direction parallel to a stacking direction (up and down direction in FIG. 1 ) of the tubes 2 . Each of the projecting pipe section 22 forms an opening that opens in the stacking direction at an end.
- the first header part 11 and the second header part 12 are formed by coupling the projecting pipe sections 22 of the adjacent tubes 2 and joining side walls of the projecting pipe sections 22 .
- FIG. 2 shows a manufacturing step of the heat exchanger 1 . In the illustrated step, spacing jigs 6 are placed between the adjacent tubes 2 .
- the passages 21 of the adjacent body sections communicate with each other through the first header part 11 and the second header part 12 .
- the heat medium 5 is distributed into the passages 21 from the first header part 11 .
- the heat medium 5 having passed through the passages 21 flows into the second header part 12 and is discharged from the heat exchanger 1 .
- each tube 2 except the end tubes 2 , has an inner pipe section 222 on one side (lower side in FIG. 2 ) and an outer pipe section 223 on the opposite side (upper side in FIG. 2 ) as the projecting pipe sections 22 .
- the inner pipe section 222 defines a passage therein and forms an opening at an end.
- the outer pipe section 223 defines a passage therein and forms an opening at an end.
- the tubes 2 are stacked such that the inner pipe sections 222 are received in the outer pipe sections 223 of the adjacent tubes 2 .
- the first header part 11 and the second header part 12 are constructed by inner pipe sections 222 and the outer pipe sections 223 .
- Each of the inner pipe sections 222 has an extending wall portion 227 a , an adjacent wall portion 225 a , and an overlapping wall portion 224 a .
- the extending wall portion 227 a extends from the body section of the tube 2 in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the passage 21 . That is, the extending wall portion 227 a generally forms a base portion of the inner pipe section 222 .
- the adjacent wall portion 225 a extends from the extending wall portion 227 a and connects to the overlapping wall portion 224 a.
- the outer pipe section 223 has an extending wall portion 227 b , an adjacent wall portion 225 b , an overlapping wall portion 224 b . Further, the outer pipe section 223 has a flange portion 226 .
- the extending wall portion 227 b extends from the body section of the tube 2 in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the passage 21 . That is, the extending wall portion 227 b generally forms a base portion of the outer pipe section 223 .
- the adjacent wall portion 225 b extends from the extending wall portion 227 b and connects to the overlapping wall portion 224 b.
- the flange portion 226 radially expands from an end of the overlapping wall portion 224 b and defines the end of the outer pipe section 223 .
- the flange 226 In a cross-sectional plane defined parallel to an axis of the outer pipe section 223 , the flange 226 has a curled-shape outwardly curling toward the end of the outer pipe section 223 , as shown in FIG. 3 .
- the shape of the flange 226 is not limited to the illustrated example of FIG. 3 .
- the flange 226 can have a taper shape linearly expanding toward the end of the outer pipe section 223 , as shown in FIG. 4 .
- the flange 226 forms a wall extends from an end of the overlapping wall portion 224 b in a direction substantially perpendicular to the overlapping wall portion 224 b , as shown in FIG. 5 .
- the flange 226 radially expands from the end of the overlapping wall portion 224 b , bends and further extends in a direction parallel to the overlapping wall portion 224 b , as shown in FIG. 6 .
- the inner pipe section 222 and the outer pipe section 223 of the adjacent tubes 2 are coupled such that the overlapping wall portion 224 a of the inner pipe section 222 overlaps the overlapping wall portion 224 b of the outer pipe section 223 .
- the adjacent wall portions 225 a , 225 b are located on opposite sides of the overlapping wall portions 224 a , 224 b in the axial direction of the inner and outer pipe sections 222 , 223 . Namely, each of the adjacent wall portions 225 a , 225 b is located downstream or upstream of the overlapping wall portions 224 a , 224 b.
- the extending wall portion 227 a of the inner pipe section 222 has an outer diameter Dt larger than an outer diameter Dk of the overlapping wall portion 224 a . Further, the extending wall portion 227 a of the inner pipe section 222 and the extending wall portion 227 b of the outer pipe section 223 , which are opposed to each other, have a generally equal inner diameter.
- each of the tubes 2 is constructed of a stack of metal plates having high heat conductivity such as aluminum plates or copper plates.
- the metal plates are joined by a jointing method such as by brazing.
- the tube 2 has a pair of outer plates 27 , a middle plate 28 interposed between the outer plates 27 , and inner fins 29 interposed between the outer plates 27 and the middle plate 28 .
- the inner fins 29 have a corrugated shape, for example.
- the passage 21 is defined by spaces formed between the middle plate 28 and the outer plates 27 .
- the heat exchanger 1 has an introduction pipe 31 for introducing the heat medium 5 into the heat exchanger 1 and a discharge pipe 32 for discharging the heat medium 5 from the heat exchanger 1 .
- the introduction pipe 31 and the discharge pipe 32 are respectively coupled to an inlet port 13 and an outlet port 14 of the end tube 2 x that is located at an outermost layer of the stack of tubes 2 (the bottom end tube in FIG. 1 ).
- the heat medium 5 is introduced in the first header 11 through the introduction pipe 31 and the inlet port 13 and discharged from the second header 12 through the outlet port 14 and the discharge pipe 32 .
- the ends 33 of the introduction pipe 31 and the discharge pipe 32 are engaged with inner walls of the projecting portions 24 of the end tube 2 x .
- the flanges 34 contact the ends of the projecting portions 24 .
- the ends 33 of the introduction pipe 31 and the discharge pipe 32 do not enter the inside of the outer plate 27 of the tube 2 x . Accordingly, it is less likely that the passage 21 of the end tube 2 x will be closed by the ends 33 .
- Each of the outer plates 27 includes a portion for forming the body section and portions for forming the first header part 11 and the second header part 12 .
- the portion for forming the body section includes a flat wall for making contact with the electronic components 4 so as to receive heat from the electronic components 4 .
- the portions for forming the first header part 11 and the second header part 12 are formed at longitudinal ends of the outer plate 27 .
- the portions for forming the first header part 11 and the second header part 12 are characterized by the projecting pipe sections 22 and diaphragm portions 23 .
- the projecting pipe sections 22 project from the flat wall portion of the outer plate 27 in the direction perpendicular to the flat wall portion.
- Each of the diaphragm portions 23 is defined by the peripheral portion of the base of the projecting pipe section 22 .
- the diaphragm portions 23 is defined by an annular portion with a predetermined width (diameter) on the periphery of the base of the projecting pipe section 22 .
- the projecting pipe sections 22 are coupled such that portions between the adjacent tubes 2 are connected in the stacking direction, thereby to form the first header part 11 and the second header part 12 .
- the projecting pipe sections 22 provide strength such that the header pipe 11 and the second header 12 are not buckled with respect to the stacking direction.
- each of the tubes 2 constructed of the above outer plates 27 has the flat body section 20 , the diaphragm portions 23 and the projecting pipe sections 22 , as shown in FIG. 8 .
- the projecting pipe sections 22 of the adjacent tubes 2 are coupled in a socket and spigot manner. That is, the projecting pipe sections 22 includes the inner pipe section 222 and the outer pipe section 223 .
- the inner pipe section 222 is inserted in the outer pipe section 223 .
- the end tubes located at the outermost layers of the heat exchanger 1 have different outer plates.
- An outer plate located at the outermost end (uppermost end in FIG. 1 ) of the heat exchanger 1 which is on a side opposite to the introduction pipe 31 and the discharge pipe 32 , does not have the projecting pipe sections 22 .
- This outer plate forms the ends of the first header 11 and the second header 12 .
- the outer plate located at the outermost end (lowermost end in FIG. 1 ) of the heat exchanger 1 has the projecting portions 24 to which the introduction pipe 31 and the discharge pipe 32 are connected.
- the inner pipe section 222 is received in the outer pipe section 223 .
- a predetermined clearance is defined between the inner side wall of the outer pipe section 223 and the outer side wall of the inner pipe section 222 such that the inner pipe section 222 can be inserted in the outer pipe section 223 during the coupling.
- the inner side wall of the outer pipe section 223 and the outer side wall of the inner pipe section 222 are joined by brazing. Thus, the clearance is sealed by brazing.
- the heat exchanger 1 is produced in the following manner. First, the flat tubes 2 having the inner pipe sections 222 and the outer pipe sections 223 are formed. As shown in FIG. 2 , the overlapping wall portion 224 a and the adjacent wall portion 225 a of the inner pipe section 222 have the outer diameter D 1 smaller than the inner diameter D 2 of the overlapping wall portion 224 b and the adjacent wall portion 225 b of the outer pipe section 223 . Also, the flange 226 is formed at the end of the outer pipe section 223 . As shown in FIG. 3 , the outer diameter Dt of the extending wall portion 227 a is larger than the outer diameter Dk of the overlapping wall portion 224 a of the inner pipe section 222 .
- the tubes 2 are stacked in a condition that the spacing jigs 6 are placed between the adjacent tubes 2 , as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 .
- the inner pipe section 222 and the outer pipe section 223 of the adjacent tubes 2 are engaged by inserting the inner pipe section 222 into the outer pipe section 223 in a condition that a wire brazing material 15 having a ring-shape is arranged between the flange 226 of the outer pipe section 223 and the inner pipe section 222 .
- an outer diameter Dp of the flange 226 is larger than an outer diameter Dr of the wire brazing material 15 , as shown in FIG. 3 .
- the inner pipe section 222 is inserted into the outer pipe section 223 until the flat body section 20 of the tube 2 contacts the spacing jig 6 , as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 A.
- the wire brazing material 15 is melted.
- the brazing material 15 is hardened, so the outer side wall of the inner pipe section 222 and the inner side wall of the outer pipe section 223 are brazed to each other. In this way, the plural tubes 2 are stacked.
- the brazed projecting pipe sections 22 have rigidity in the axial direction, that is, in the stacking direction so that the pipe sections 22 are not buckled even if pressure having the magnitude that can deform the diaphragm portions 23 is applied.
- the spacing jig 6 has a thickness slightly larger than a thickness of the electronic component 4 . Therefore, there are clearances between the tubes 2 and the electronic component 4 at the stage shown in FIG. 10C .
- the heat exchanger 1 is pressed in the stacking direction.
- the diaphragm portions 23 receive pressure through the projecting pipe sections 22 . Therefore, the diaphragm portions 23 are deformed inside of the tubes 2 , that is, in a direction parallel to the axis of the header parts 11 , 12 , as shown in FIG. 10D .
- the electronic components 4 are constructed as semiconductor modules having semiconductor elements such as IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor) and diodes.
- the semiconductor modules construct part of an inverter for an automobile.
- As the heat medium 5 water containing ethylene glycol antifreeze liquid is used, for example.
- the electronic components 4 can be held in directly contact with the tubes 2 .
- insulation plates such as ceramic plates or heat conductive grease can be interposed between the electronic components 4 and the tubes 2 .
- the projecting pipe sections 22 are coupled by joining the side walls, as shown in FIG. 2 . Therefore, the passage areas of the first header part 11 and the second header part 12 are ensured by the inner diameter of the projecting pipe sections 22 . Namely, the passage diameter of the first header part 11 and the second header part 12 is substantially equal to the inner diameter of the projecting pipe sections 22 . As such, a flow resistance in the first header 11 and the second header 12 is reduced, and therefore pressure loss in the first header 11 and the second header 12 is reduced. With this, the heat medium 5 is substantially equally distributed into the plural tubes 2 . As a result, the plural electronic components 4 are equally cooled.
- the outer diameter D 1 of the overlapping wall portion 224 a and the adjacent wall portion 225 b of the inner pipe section 222 is smaller than the inner diameter D 2 of the overlapping wall portion 224 b and the adjacent wall portion 225 b of the outer pipe section 223 . Therefore, it is less likely that the inner pipe section 222 and the outer pipe section 223 will push each other. As such, the inner pipe section 222 and the outer pipe section 223 do not receive load in the axial direction of the inner pipe section 222 and the outer pipe section 223 .
- the electronic components 4 are placed in the tubes 2 , as shown in FIG. 10C . Then, the stack of tubes 2 are compressed in the stacking direction. As such, the tubes 2 contact the electronic components 4 , as shown in FIG. 10D . If the tubes 2 are partly deformed before the electronic components 4 are placed, it is difficult to place the electronic components 4 between the tubes 2 . Therefore, it is significant to reduce the deformation of the tubes 2 during the stacking.
- the outer pipe section 223 has the flange 226 at the end. Therefore, it is easy to arrange the wire brazing material 15 between the flange 226 and the inner pipe section 222 , which is opposed to the flange 226 . Further, the melted brazing material 15 easily flows in the space defined between the inner pipe section 222 and the outer pipe section 223 along the flange 226 . Accordingly, the adjacent tubes 2 are easily and properly joined. Thus, the heat exchanger 1 is easily manufactured.
- the outer diameter Dt of the extending wall portion 227 a is larger than the outer diameter Dk of the overlapping wall portion 224 a .
- the wire brazing material 15 can be pressed against the flange 226 by the extending wall portion 227 a of the inner pipe section 222 . Therefore, it is less likely that the wire brazing material 15 will be displaced. As such, the inner pipe section 222 and the outer pipe section 223 are properly brazed.
- each of intermediate tubes 2 is constructed of the pair of outer plates 27 , the middle plate 28 and the inner fins 29 .
- the intermediate tubes 2 are the tubes 2 that are located in a middle section of the stack of the tubes 2 . That is, the intermediate tubes 2 are the tubes 2 other than the end tubes 2 .
- the outer plates 27 , the middle plate 28 and the inner fins 29 are separately formed into the predetermined shapes such as by pressing. Then, the outer plates 27 , the middle plate 28 and the inner fins 29 are joined to each other.
- the tubes 2 having drawn cup structure can be produced. Accordingly, the tubes 2 are easily manufactured.
- the end tubes 2 can be formed of the outer plates 27 , the middle plate 28 and the inner fins 29 .
- the inner fins 29 are formed at desired positions. Because the inner fins 29 are not arranged at positions corresponding to the first header 11 and the second header 12 , it is easy to process the first header 11 and the second header 12 .
- each of the tubes 2 has double layered passages 21 in the stacking direction. Therefore, it is less likely that heat will be transferred between the adjacent electronic components 4 arranged on opposite sides of the tube 2 . As such, even if the temperature of the electronic component 4 arranged on one side of the tube 2 is rapidly increased, the electronic component 4 arranged on the opposite side of the tube 2 will not be affected.
- the inner diameter of the extending wall portion 227 a and the inner diameter of the extending wall portion 227 b that is opposite to the extending wall portion 227 a in the same tube 2 have the equal inner diameter. Therefore, the diaphragm portion 23 on one side of the tube 2 and the diaphragm portion 23 on the opposite side of the same tube 2 have the same diameter. Accordingly, the amount of deformation is equal in the pair of diaphragm portions 23 in the same tube 2 .
- the outer diameter Dp of the flange 226 is larger than the outer diameter Dr of the wire brazing material 15 , as shown in FIG. 3 . Therefore, the wire brazing material 15 is easily and properly held between the inner pipe section 222 and the outer pipe section 223 , at the flange 226 . Also, when the brazing material 15 melts, the melted brazing material 15 easily flows between the inner pipe section 222 and the outer pipe section 223 without overflowing from the flange 226 .
- the heat exchanger unit 10 can be easily manufactured in the above manner. Further, it is less likely that the tubes 2 will be deformed during the stacking. Also, the manufacturing cost reduces.
- the outer plates 27 , the middle plate 28 and the inner fins 29 of the tube 2 are made of the following metal plates.
- the outer plate 27 has a core 271 made of aluminum.
- the outer surface of the outer plate 27 is defined by a bare surface 274 of the core 271 . That is, the aluminum of the core 271 is bared to the outside of the tube 2 .
- the material for the core 271 As the material for the core 271 , another material such as copper (including copper alloy) may be used, in place of aluminum (including aluminum alloy) However, aluminum is preferably used in view of efficiency, corrosion resistance, weight, and the like.
- the outer plates 27 are joined to the middle plate 28 such that inner surfaces of the ends of the outer plates 27 contact the surfaces of the ends of the middle plate 28 . Namely, the ends of the middle plate 28 are held between the ends of the outer plates 27 .
- the middle plate 28 is made of a brazing sheet having a core 281 made of aluminum and a brazing material 282 disposed on both surfaces of the core 281 .
- the inner fin 29 is made of a brazing sheet having a core and a brazing material disposed on both surfaces of the core.
- the core of the inner fin 29 is made of aluminum containing zinc.
- each inner fin 29 is made of aluminum containing zinc. Therefore, the core of the inner fins 29 has an electrical potential (corrosion potential) lower than that of the core 271 of the outer plate 27 . Because the inner fin 29 is more likely to be corroded than the outer plate 27 , the corrosion of the outer plate 27 is reduced.
- the heat exchanger unit 10 of the second example embodiment have the structure similar to that of the first example embodiment other than the outer plates 27 , the middle plate 28 and the inner fins 29 .
- advantageous effects similar to those of the first example embodiment are also provided in the second example embodiment.
- the outer plate 27 is made of a brazing sheet having the core 271 and a sacrificial anode material 273 on an inner surface.
- the outer surface of the outer plate 27 which makes contact with the electronic components 4 , is the bare surface 274 , similar to the second example embodiment.
- the core of the inner fin 29 is made of a material having a potential (corrosion potential) higher than that of the sacrificial anode material 273 .
- the core of the inner fin 29 has a potential difference with respect to the sacrificial anode material 273 in a range between 0 and +50 mV.
- the tubes 2 will corrode and the heat medium 5 will leak from the tubes due to the corrosion.
- the sacrificial anode material 273 since the inner surface of the core 271 of the outer plate 27 is covered with the sacrificial anode material 273 , the sacrificial anode material 273 is selectively corroded. Therefore, it is less likely that the core 271 will corrode. Because the corrosion of the outer plate 27 in its thickness direction is restricted, it is less likely that the tubes 2 will have holes due to corrosion.
- the heat exchanger unit 10 of the third example embodiment provides advantageous effect similar to those of the first and second example embodiments.
- the tubes 2 are easily assembled. Since the brazing material 272 is disposed on the inner surfaces of the outer plates 27 , it is easy to join the outer plates 27 each other and with the inner fins 29 . Further, the brazing material 272 is also disposed on the inner surface of the projecting pipe section 22 , it is not necessary to use the wire brazing material 15 as the first to third example embodiments. As such, the inner pipe section 222 and the outer pipe section 223 are easily and properly brazed through the brazing material 272 .
- the core 281 of the middle plate 28 is made of aluminum containing zinc, the core 281 has a potential (corrosion potential) lower than that of the core 271 of the outer plate 27 . Therefore, the middle plate 28 is more likely to be corroded than the outer plate 27 . As such, corrosion of the outer plate 27 is reduced.
- the heat exchanger unit 10 of the fourth example embodiment provides advantageous effects similar to those of the third example embodiment.
- FIGS. 15 to 17 A fifth example embodiment of the heat exchanger unit 10 will be described with reference to FIGS. 15 to 17 .
- the pair of outer plates 27 that makes a first side and a second side of one tube 2 is formed from a single plate.
- productivity of the outer plates 27 improves. Further, productivity of the heat exchanger 1 improves.
- the heat exchanger unit 10 of the fifth example embodiment provides advantageous effects similar to those of the fourth example embodiment.
- the aluminum plate 270 has the brazing material 272 on a surface corresponding to the inner surface of the tube 20 .
- the outer plates 27 of the first to third example embodiments can be formed of the method of the fifth example embodiment.
- the outer plate 27 is formed of a brazing sheet shown in FIG. 18 .
- the sacrificial anode material 273 is disposed on the inner surface of the core 271 . Further, the brazing material 272 is disposed on the inner surface of the sacrificial anode material 273 .
- a metal material in which zinc is added to aluminum can be used.
- the sacrificial anode material 273 is selectively corroded so as to reduce the corrosion of the core 271 . Therefore, it is not always necessary that the materials of the cores of the middle plate 28 and the inner fin 29 contain zinc. Structural parts other than the outer plate 27 are similar to those of the fourth example embodiment.
- the heat exchanger 1 and the electronic components cooling unit 10 of the sixth example embodiment provide advantageous effects similar to those of the fourth example embodiment.
- the outer plates 27 of the sixth embodiment can be formed in a manner similar to the fifth example embodiment.
- FIG. 19 shows a comparative example of a heat exchanger.
- the outer pipe section 223 has a step 229 for limiting the amount of insertion of the inner pipe section 222 in the outer pipe section 223 .
- the insertion length or depth of the inner pipe section 222 in the outer pipe section 223 is limited when the end of the inner pipe section 222 contacts the step 229 .
- a portion of the outer pipe section 223 that is adjacent to the body section of the outer pipe section 223 , i.e. a portion lower than the step 229 in FIG. 19 has an inner diameter smaller than an outer diameter of the inner pipe section 222 .
- a portion of the outer pipe section 223 that is adjacent to the end of the outer pipe section 223 , i.e., a portion above the step 229 in FIG. 19 has an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the inner pipe section 222 .
- the heat exchanger shown in FIG. 19 has a structure similar to that of the heat exchanger 1 shown in FIG. 1 , other than the structure of the inner pipe section 222 and the outer pipe section 223 .
- the diaphragm portions 23 are likely to be deformed when the tubes 2 are coupled through the engagement of the inner pipe sections 222 and the outer pipe sections 223 . Namely, the ends of the inner pipe sections 222 contact the steps 229 during the stacking. Therefore, if the dimensions (e.g., length) of the projecting pipe sections 22 and the pressure applied during the stacking are uneven, the projecting pipe sections 22 receive loads in the stacking direction. As a result, the diaphragm portions 23 formed on the peripheries of the bases of the projecting pipe sections 22 are likely to be deformed.
- the diaphragm portions 23 are likely to be deformed before the electronic components 4 are arranged in the heat exchanger.
- the spaces between the tubes 2 have been narrowed due to the deformation of the diaphragm portions 23 before the arrangement of the electronic components 4 . Therefore, it is difficult to arrange the electronic components 4 between the tubes 2 .
- the heat exchanger is compressed in the stacking direction after the arrangement of the electronic components 4 so that the tubes 2 closely contact the electronic components 4 .
- the diaphragm portions 23 are already deformed before the compression of the heat exchanger, it is likely to be difficult to properly bring the tubes 2 in close contact with the electronic components 4 .
- the outer diameter D 1 of the overlapping wall portion 224 a and the adjacent wall portion 225 a of the inner pipe section 222 is smaller than the inner diameter D 2 of the overlapping wall portion 224 b and the adjacent wall portion 225 b of the outer pipe section 223 .
- the inner pipe section 222 and the outer pipe section 223 have the adjacent wall portions 225 a , 225 b in addition to the overlapping wall portions 224 a , 224 b , respectively.
- the outer diameter of the adjacent wall portion 225 a of the inner pipe section 222 is smaller than the inner diameter of the overlapping wall portion 224 b and the adjacent wall portion 225 b of the outer pipe section 223 . Also, the inner diameter of the adjacent wall portion 225 b of the outer pipe section 223 is larger than the outer diameter of the overlapping wall portion 224 a of the inner pipe section 222 . Therefore, the inner pipe section 222 and the outer pipe section 223 do not push each other when engaging each other in the axial direction during the stacking. Therefore, it is less likely that the inner pipe section 222 and the outer pipe section 223 will receive loads in the axial direction, that is, in the insertion direction.
- a limiting portion such as the step 229 shown in FIG. 19 can be additionally employed.
- the limiting portion is formed at a position (depth) such that it does not contact the end of the inner pipe section 222 at least in a proper manufacturing step in which the spacing jig 6 is used between the tubes 2 .
- the limiting portion can be employed to provide supplemental effects such as reinforcement of the outer pipe section 223 , stopper for restricting excess insertion of the inner pipe section 222 , and positioning means at a position where the spacing jig 6 is not used.
- the electronic components 4 are placed between the tubes 2 so that heat exchange is performed between the heat medium 5 flowing in the tubes 2 and the electronic components 4 .
- the heat exchanging object is not limited to the electronic components 4 .
- the object can be air passing between the adjacent tubes 2 .
- heat exchange is performed between the heat medium 5 flowing in the tubes 2 and the air passing between the adjacent tubes 2 .
- tubes of another device can be arranged between the tubes 2 so that heat exchange is performed between the heat medium 5 flowing in the tubes 2 and a fluid flowing in the tubes of the another device.
- devices other than the electronic components 4 can be arranged as the heat exchanging object.
- the heat medium 5 is not limited to water containing ethylene glycol antifreeze liquid.
- hot fluid or any other fluid can be used as the heat medium 5 .
- natural refrigerant such as water or ammonia, carbon fluoride refrigerant such as Fluorinate (3M), fleon refrigerant such as HCFC123 or HFC134a, alcohol refrigerant such as alcohol or methanol, ketone refrigerant such as acetone can be used as the heat medium 5 .
- the electronic components 4 arranged between the tubes 2 are not limited to the semiconductor module used for the automobile inverter.
- the electronic components 4 can be a semiconductor module used for another device such as motor-driven inverters of industrial devices and inverters of air conditioner systems for buildings. Further, the electronic components 4 are not limited to the above semiconductor modules.
- the electronic components 4 can include power transistors, power-FET, IGBT, and the like.
- the outer diameter of the inner pipe section 222 is larger than the inner diameter of the outer pipe section 223 at the expanding wall portion 227 a .
- the outer diameter of the inner pipe section 222 can be smaller than the inner diameter of the outer pipe section 223 thoroughly from its base portion to its end.
- the diaphragm portions 23 are deformed into the inside of the tubes 2 so that the spaces between the adjacent tubes 2 are narrowed so as to hold the electronic components 4 .
- the electronic components 4 can be held in another way.
- the spaces between the adjacent tubes 2 can be widened by deforming the diaphragm portions 23 toward the outside of the tubes 2 once, before the electronic components 4 are placed between the tubes 2 . Then, after the electronic components 4 are placed in the spaces between the tubes 2 , the spaces are narrowed, thereby holding the electronic components 4 .
- the surfaces of the middle plate 28 are coated with the brazing material.
- the ends of the outer plates 27 can be easily brazed to the ends of the middle plate 28 .
- the brazing materials disposed on the outer plates 27 , the middle plate 28 and the inner fins 29 a metallic material having a fusing point lower than that of the material of the core of the respective plates 27 to 29 can be used.
- the brazing material is made of aluminum having a fusing point lower than that of the aluminum of the core.
- the tubes 2 are brazed in the condition that the spacing jigs 6 are arranged between the tubes 2 . Therefore, the adjacent tubes 2 can be easily and properly held with desired spaces. As such, the electronic components 4 can be easily arranged between the tubes 2 .
- the sectional shape of the first and second header parts 11 , 12 are not limited to a circle, but may include other circular or generally round shapes such as an ellipse or any other shapes.
- the term “diameter” is not limited to a dimension of the circle, but includes a dimension of another circular or generally round shape.
- heat exchanger unit 10 can be implemented by variable combinations of the above example embodiments.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Cooling Or The Like Of Semiconductors Or Solid State Devices (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2005-238869 | 2005-08-19 | ||
JP2005238869A JP4552805B2 (ja) | 2005-08-19 | 2005-08-19 | 積層型熱交換器及びその製造方法 |
Publications (1)
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US20070039717A1 true US20070039717A1 (en) | 2007-02-22 |
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Family Applications (1)
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US11/502,497 Abandoned US20070039717A1 (en) | 2005-08-19 | 2006-08-10 | Heat exchanger unit and method of manufacturing the same |
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US (1) | US20070039717A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4552805B2 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE102006038463A1 (ja) |
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US10928141B2 (en) * | 2017-03-06 | 2021-02-23 | Dana Canada Corporation | Heat exchanger for cooling multiple layers of electronic modules |
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US20220046831A1 (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2022-02-10 | Denso Corporation | Power conversion device |
US20230417497A1 (en) * | 2019-10-07 | 2023-12-28 | Epff Electrical Pipe For Fluid Transport Ab | Prevention of microbiological growth in heat exchangers |
WO2021185992A1 (fr) * | 2020-03-20 | 2021-09-23 | Valeo Systemes Thermiques | Dispositif de régulation thermique d'au moins un composant électronique |
FR3108396A1 (fr) * | 2020-03-20 | 2021-09-24 | Valeo Systemes Thermiques | Dispositif de régulation thermique d’au moins un composant électronique |
EP4160130A4 (en) * | 2020-06-02 | 2023-11-15 | Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. | HEAT EXCHANGER |
EP4138176A1 (en) * | 2021-08-17 | 2023-02-22 | Borgwarner Emissions Systems Spain, S.L.U. | Heat exchange device for batteries |
EP4358233A1 (en) * | 2022-10-17 | 2024-04-24 | Borgwarner Inc. | Cooling module for batteries of an electric or hybrid vehicle |
EP4358234A1 (en) * | 2022-10-17 | 2024-04-24 | Borgwarner Inc. | Cooling module for batteries of an electric or hybrid vehicle |
WO2024088857A1 (fr) * | 2022-10-28 | 2024-05-02 | Valeo Systemes Thermiques | Echangeur thermique présentant une protection contre la corrosion |
FR3141514A1 (fr) * | 2022-10-28 | 2024-05-03 | Valeo Systemes Thermiques | Echangeur thermique présentant une protection contre la corrosion |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP4552805B2 (ja) | 2010-09-29 |
DE102006038463A1 (de) | 2007-03-15 |
JP2007053307A (ja) | 2007-03-01 |
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