US20050241324A1 - Defrosting method for air conditioner - Google Patents

Defrosting method for air conditioner Download PDF

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Publication number
US20050241324A1
US20050241324A1 US11/058,187 US5818705A US2005241324A1 US 20050241324 A1 US20050241324 A1 US 20050241324A1 US 5818705 A US5818705 A US 5818705A US 2005241324 A1 US2005241324 A1 US 2005241324A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
temperature
defrosting
air conditioner
established
initiation temperature
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Abandoned
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US11/058,187
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English (en)
Inventor
Eun-Jun Cho
Ji-Young Jang
Yoon-Jei Hwang
Won-jae Choi
Yun-Ho Ryu
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LG Electronics Inc
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LG Electronics Inc
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Assigned to LG ELECTRONICS INC. reassignment LG ELECTRONICS INC. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: CHO, EUN-JUN, CHOI, WON JAE, HWANG, YOON-JEI, JANG, JI-YOUNG, RYU, YUN-HO
Publication of US20050241324A1 publication Critical patent/US20050241324A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D21/00—Defrosting; Preventing frosting; Removing condensed or defrost water
    • F25D21/002—Defroster control
    • F25D21/006—Defroster control with electronic control circuits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B13/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/031—Sensor arrangements
    • F25B2313/0315—Temperature sensors near the outdoor heat exchanger
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/02—Compressor control
    • F25B2600/021—Inverters therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/21—Temperatures
    • F25B2700/2106—Temperatures of fresh outdoor air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
    • F25B49/025—Motor control arrangements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an air conditioner, and particularly, to a defrosting method for an air conditioner using a heat pump.
  • the unitary air conditioner is a type of a centralized heating/cooling system in which a heating/cooling equipment using a heat pump is installed in a basement of a factory, an office, a hotel, or a house, cold or hot blast is generated by using the heating/cooling equipment, and the cold or hot blast is delivered and provided to each individual space through a duct mounted in a wall or a ceiling of a building.
  • the unitary air conditioner classifies an area where requires a heating or a cooling and an area where does not require it into the individual zones.
  • a zone controller is installed between the duct and the heating/cooling equipment in order to supply the hot or cold blast to each individual zone, independently, or a plurality of heating/cooling equipment are installed separately according to the number of the zones.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective diagram showing a unitary air conditioner using a heat pump of the prior art which is installed at a building.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the unitary air conditioner using the heat pump of the prior art.
  • the unitary air conditioner using the heat pump of the prior art for instance in case of a second-story building, includes: an exterior unit 1 fixedly-installed at an outside of the building; a cold/hot air generator 2 connected to an exterior heat exchanger 1 b of the exterior unit 1 through a refrigerant pipe, and installed indoors such as a basement of the building or an outshot; a supply duct 3 and an exhaust duct 4 connected to each air supply opening and an air exhaust opening and mounted in walls and ceilings of each story of the building; and zone controllers 5 a through 5 d installed between the supply duct 3 and the exhaust duct 4 and the cold/hot air generator 2 , for identifying and controlling a supply and an exhaust to each story.
  • the exterior unit 1 is composed of: one or more compressors 1 a installed in a case, for compressing refrigerant gas; an exterior heat exchanger 1 b connected to the compressor 1 a through the refrigerant pipe, for condensing the refrigerant gas and discharging heat from the refrigerant gas during a cooling mode, and for sucking latent heat from ambient air and evaporating the refrigerant gas; an expander 1 c for decompression-expanding the refrigerant gas; a four-way valve 1 d connected to the compressor 1 a and the exterior heat exchanger 1 b , for switching a circulating direction of the refrigerant; and an outdoor fan (not shown) for supplying external air into the exterior heat exchanger 1 b and thus improving a heat exchanging performance of the exterior heat exchanger 1 b.
  • the cold/hot air generator 2 is composed of in the case thereof: an interior heat exchanger 2 a , of which one end is connected to the four-way valve 1 d and simultaneously the other end is connected to the expander 1 c ; a supply fan (not shown) for inducing cold or hot blast to the supply duct 3 ; an air supply opening (not shown) connected to the supply duct 3 ; and an air exhaust opening (not shown) connected to the exhaust duct 4 .
  • the supply duct 3 and the exhaust duct 4 are connected to the air supply opening and the air exhaust opening of the cold/hot air generator 2 and separately-mounted in walls and ceilings of each story Z 1 and Z 2 of the building.
  • In the supply duct 3 and the exhaust duct 4 there are formed an outlet 3 a for supplying cold blast or hot blast into spaces of each story Z 1 and Z 2 , and an inlet 4 a for sucking indoor air in order to circulate the indoor air of the respective spaces.
  • the zone controllers 5 a through 5 d refer to a type of valve installed in the middle of the supply duct 3 and in the middle of the exhaust duct 4 , in order to identify the cold or hot blast and supply it to the respective stories Z 1 and Z 2 .
  • the zone controllers 5 a through 5 d are connected to a control unit (not shown) or driven manually, by which a temperature or a humidity of a corresponding zone is detected to compare the detected value with a preset value and thus the zone controllers 5 a through 5 d can be on/off controlled on the basis of the compared result.
  • the air conditioner of the prior art in case of a second-story house, detects a load of each story Z 1 and Z 2 , and thus identifies cold or hot blast to supply it through each supply duct 3 based on the detected value.
  • the compressor 1 a of the exterior unit 1 is driven to compress refrigerant gas and leads it to a state of high temperature and a high pressure.
  • the compressed refrigerant gas is then moved to the exterior heat exchanger 1 b by the four-way valve 1 d .
  • the compressed refrigerant gas moved into the exterior heat exchanger 1 b is chilled and condensed in the exterior heat exchanger 1 b to be a liquid in a state of a low temperature.
  • the exterior heat exchanger 1 b is used as a condenser.
  • the condensed refrigerant passes through the expander 1 c to be state of a low temperature and a low pressure, and accordingly comes into the interior heat exchanger 2 a of the cold/hot air generator 2 .
  • the refrigerant of the low temperature and pressure is heat-exchanged with indoor air sucked to an air path through the exhaust duct 4 .
  • the refrigerant relatively cold with comparison to the indoor air absorbs latent heat from the indoor air and accordingly cools the indoor air, thereafter being evaporated.
  • the cooled indoor air is moved to the supply duct 3 through the air supply opening by a supply fan of the cold/hot air generator 2 .
  • the interior heat exchanger 2 a of the cold/hot air generator 2 is used as an evaporator.
  • each zone controller is in an on-state automatically by the control unit, while, in case of a manual mode, each zone controller becomes the on-state by a handling of a user.
  • the cold air supplied from the cold/hot air generator 2 is discharged through each outlet 3 a of each supply duct 3 , thereby cooling both stories.
  • a load value detected from one of the stories is lower than the preset value
  • a zone controller having the detected load value greater than the preset value becomes the on-state, and accordingly the cold air is moved only to the supply duct 3 of the story corresponding to a zone where the zone controller has been turned on, thereby cooling the corresponding story.
  • the operation is the same as that during the cooling mode, however, the refrigerant is circulated in a heating cycle by switching the four-way valve 1 d . That is, the refrigerant is circulated in a reverse order of the cycle of the refrigerant in the cooling mode. Therefore, in the air conditioner using the heat pump of the prior art, during a heating mode, the exterior heat exchanger 1 b is used as the evaporator, while the interior heat exchanger 2 a is used as the condenser.
  • the interior heat exchanger is used as the evaporator and the exterior heat exchanger is used as the condenser during a cooling mode. While the interior heat exchanger is used as the condenser and the exterior heat exchanger is used as the evaporator during a heating mode.
  • the exterior heat exchanger 1 b When the unitary air conditioner using the heat pump is operated in the heating mode, in case that a temperature of outdoor air is low and a humidity thereof is high, the exterior heat exchanger 1 b is used as the evaporator. In response to this, the refrigerant absorbs the latent heat from the ambient air and then is evaporated, thereby cooling a pipe of the exterior heat exchanger 1 b and the air therearound. As a result, dampness in the air is deposited on the pipe of the exterior heat exchanger 1 b .
  • the air conditioner prevents a damage on the pipe of the exterior heat exchanger 1 b due to the frost deposit and performs a defrosting operation for preventing a degradation of a heating efficiency due to a falling of an evaporating temperature of the refrigerant in the exterior heat exchanger 1 b.
  • the four-way valve is switched from the heating mode to the cooling mode to stop an operation of the heating cycle and rather to operate the cooling cycle. Then, for a certain time, the defrosting operation is performed for removing the frost on the pipe of the exterior heat exchanger.
  • the four-way valve in a state that the outdoor humidity is higher than the preset humidity, when the preset temperature is ⁇ 15° C., if the outdoor temperature falls lower than the preset temperature of ⁇ 15° C., the four-way valve is switched from the heating mode to the cooling mode thereby to operate it. In response to this, the defrosting operation is performed for a certain time.
  • the defrosting operation in the heating mode is performed when the pipe temperature of the exterior heat exchanger falls less than the preset temperature.
  • the preset temperature as a standard for initiating the defrosting operation is set too high, the pipe temperature is lower than the preset temperature in case that the outdoor temperature is lower than the preset temperature.
  • the pipe temperature is always lower than the preset temperature, and accordingly the defrosting operation may be performed even though a dampness is not deposited on the pipe of the exterior heat exchanger.
  • the preset temperature is set too low, the defrosting operation may not be initiated even though the dampness is deposited on the pipe of the exterior heat exchanger.
  • the evaporating temperature and condensing temperature of the refrigerant are lowered thereby to fall a temperature of air come into a building.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a defrosting method for an air conditioner capable of preventing an evaporating temperature and a condensing temperature of a refrigerant from being lowered by establishing a defrosting initiation temperature for supplying a heating mode time to a user as long as possible in a state of a low temperature at which a frost deposit is hardly generated on the basis of an outdoor temperature, a pipe temperature of an exterior heat exchanger and a compression. capacity of a compressor, and by performing the defrosting operation based on the established defrosting initiation temperature.
  • a defrosting method for an air conditioner comprising the steps of: establishing a defrosting initiation temperature of the air conditioner; and performing the defrosting operation based on the established defrosting initiation temperature.
  • a defrosting method for an air conditioner comprising the steps of: detecting an outdoor temperature and a pipe temperature of an exterior heat exchanger during a heating mode; establishing a defrosting initiation temperature on the basis of the detected outdoor temperature, the detected pipe temperature and a compression capacity of a compressor; and performing the defrosting operation based on the detected pipe temperature and the established defrosting initiation temperature.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective diagram illustrating a unitary air conditioner using a heat pump of the prior art installed in a building;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating the unitary air conditioner using the heat pump of the prior art.
  • FIG. 3 is a flow chart illustrating a defrosting method for an air conditioner according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 it will be explained of an embodiment of a defrosting method for an air conditioner capable of preventing an evaporating temperature and a condensing temperature of a refrigerant from being lowered by establishing a defrosting initiation temperature for supplying a heating mode time to a user as long as possible in a state of a low temperature at which a frost deposit is hardly generated on the basis of an outdoor temperature, a pipe temperature of an exterior heat exchanger and a compression capacity of a compressor, and by performing the defrosting operation based on the established defrosting initiation temperature.
  • FIG. 3 is a flow chart illustrating an embodiment of a defrosting method for an air conditioner according to the present invention.
  • the defrosting initiation temperature can be established on the basis of: one aspect that, in a heating mode without a frost deposit, an outdoor temperature and an evaporating temperature (i.e., a pipe temperature of the exterior heat exchanger) of a refrigerant have a uniform difference therebetween regardless of an indoor temperature and the outdoor temperature according to an operation of a compressor of the air conditioner, and the frost deposit is generated on the pipe of the exterior heat exchanger and.
  • the defrosting initiation temperature is established based on the compression capacity of the compressor and the outdoor temperature. If an inverter compressor is used as the compressor, the compression capacity of the compressor can be indicated as an operational frequency of the inverter compressor. If a plurality of compressors are rather used as the compressor, the compression capacity of the compressor can be indicated as an operational combination of the compressor according to the number of the plurality of compressors.
  • Table 1 denotes a defrosting initiation temperature according to an operational frequency of a compressor in the air conditioner when an outdoor temperature is in a state of a dry bulb temperature of 1° C. and a wet bulb temperature of 1° C. and an indoor temperature is in a state of the dry bulb temperature of 20° C. and the wet bulb temperature 15° C. in a heating mode of the air conditioner.
  • the defrosting initiation temperature is obtained by multiplying the TD by a value preset through an experiment.
  • the defrosting initiation temperature in Table 1 has been obtained by multiplying the TD by 2.
  • the air conditioner initiates a defrosting operation when a value obtained by subtracting the detected outdoor temperature from the pipe temperature of the exterior heat exchanger maintains a state of being smaller than the defrosting initiation temperature (TD ⁇ 2) for more than a preset time (e.g., 5 minutes).
  • Inequality 1 shows a condition of the defrosting operation herebelow.
  • T e-pipe denotes a pipe temperature of the exterior heat exchanger
  • T e denotes the outdoor temperature
  • the defrosting operation is set to be initiated only in case that the outdoor temperature is lower than 15° C. and the pipe temperature of the exterior heat exchanger is lower than 0° C.
  • the defrosting operation is prevented from being initiated in a condition that the frost deposit is not generated.
  • T e-pipe denotes an pipe temperature of the exterior heat exchanger
  • T e denotes an outdoor temperature
  • ‘a and b’ denote values obtained through an experiment
  • ‘x’ denotes the operational frequency of the compressor.
  • the air conditioner according to the present invention initiates the defrosting operation when T e-pipe (i.e., the pipe temperature of the exterior heat exchanger detected during a heating mode) is smaller than a+bx+T e , the state is maintained for more than a preset time. Accordingly, the a+bx+T e can be established as the defrosting initiation temperature T defrosting .
  • T defrosting refers to the defrosting initiation temperature
  • ‘a and b’ refer to values obtained through an experiment
  • ‘x’ refers to the operational frequency of the compressor
  • T e refers to the outdoor temperature.
  • the defrosting initiation temperature can be obtained by adding a correction factor (e.g., about 2 ⁇ 3° C.), considering the case that the pipe temperature continually falls. That is, the defrosting initiation temperature can be obtained by Equation 2 herebelow.
  • T defrosting a+bx+T e +c Equation 2
  • T defrosting refers to the defrosting initiation temperature
  • ‘a and b’ refer to valued obtained through an experiment
  • ‘x’ refers to the operational frequency of the compressor
  • T e refer to the outer temperature
  • ‘c’ refers to a correction value considering the case that the pipe temperature falls too low.
  • a heating mode is selected by a user
  • the heating operation is performed.
  • An outdoor temperature and a pipe temperature of the exterior heat exchanger are then detected during the heating mode in process.
  • a defrosting initiation temperature ⁇ is established on the basis of the detected outdoor temperature and a compression capacity of the compressor.
  • the detected pipe temperature is compared with the established defrosting initiation temperature ( ⁇ ).
  • a duration of the case is compared with a preset time ( ⁇ ) when it is determined from the comparison that the detected pipe temperature is lower than the established defrosting initiation temperature ( ⁇ ) (STEP 5 ), while, the current operation is returned to the step for detecting the outdoor temperature and the pipe temperature (STEP 2 ) when it is determined from the comparison that the detected pipe temperature is higher than the established defrosting initiation temperature ( ⁇ ).
  • the air conditioner determines whether the state that the detected pipe temperature is lower than the established defrosting initiation temperature ( ⁇ ) is maintained for more than the preset time ( ⁇ ).
  • the defrosting operation is initiated when it is determined that the state that the detected pipe temperature is lower than the established defrosting initiation temperature ( ⁇ ) is maintained for more than the preset time ( ⁇ ) (STEP 6 ), while the air conditioner returns to the step (STEP 2 ) of detecting the outdoor temperature and the pipe temperature when it is determined that the state that the detected pipe temperature is lower than the established defrosting initiation temperature ( ⁇ ) is not maintained for more than the preset time ( ⁇ ).
  • the air conditioner performs the defrosting operation for a certain time when the duration is the same to or longer than the preset time ( ⁇ ) (STEP 6 ). Then, the frost on the pipe of the exterior heat exchanger is removed, and the heating mode is re-operated, thereafter repeating STEP 2 through STEP 6 .
  • the reason for determining whether the state that the detected pipe temperature is lower than the established defrosting initiation temperature ( ⁇ ) is maintained for more than the preset time ( ⁇ ) is that the evaporating temperature of the refrigerant abnormally falls in case that the system of the air conditioner is not stabilized when the compressor is driven.
  • the defrosting initiation temperature is established on the basis of an outdoor temperature, a pipe temperature of an exterior heat exchanger and a compression capacity of a compressor. Then, in case that the pipe temperature is lower than the established defrosting initiation temperature, the defrosting operation is initiated when a duration of the state that the pipe temperature is lower than the established defrosting initiation temperature is longer than the preset time.
  • an outdoor temperature and a pipe temperature of an exterior heat exchanger are detected, and a defrosting initiation temperature is established based on the detected outdoor temperature and a compression capacity of a compressor. Then, when the detected pipe temperature is lower than the established defrosting initiation temperature, in case that a duration thereof is longer than a preset time, a defrosting operation is initiated. According to these, a heating efficiency of an air conditioner can be improved and the air conditioner can more effectively correspond to a load.
US11/058,187 2004-04-30 2005-02-16 Defrosting method for air conditioner Abandoned US20050241324A1 (en)

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KR1020040030753A KR20050105029A (ko) 2004-04-30 2004-04-30 공기조화기의 제상운전방법

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US20110289794A1 (en) * 2010-04-28 2011-12-01 Noh Hyun Woo Control method of dryer
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US20140165629A1 (en) * 2012-12-14 2014-06-19 Whirlpool Corporation Method for controlling the defrost of an evaporator in a refrigeration appliance
US20160193896A1 (en) * 2013-08-23 2016-07-07 Sanden Corporation Vehicle air conditioner
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CN104344619A (zh) * 2013-08-07 2015-02-11 洛阳中懋环保设备有限公司 双系统热泵除霜方法及装置
CN103411290B (zh) * 2013-08-30 2016-04-06 海信（山东）空调有限公司 空调器及其除霜控制方法
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CN107490158A (zh) * 2017-09-30 2017-12-19 广东美的制冷设备有限公司 空调器及其控制方法与装置
CN110345705B (zh) * 2018-04-03 2021-05-07 合肥华凌股份有限公司 用于制冷系统的温控阀的优化控制方法、装置及制冷系统
CN108800417B (zh) * 2018-05-28 2021-03-16 青岛海尔空调器有限总公司 一种空调室外机化霜控制方法及系统
CN108800418A (zh) * 2018-06-13 2018-11-13 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 空调化霜控制方法及空调控制器
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