US20050008884A1 - Multi-layer, substantially polyvinyl chloride- and polyolefin-free composite film - Google Patents

Multi-layer, substantially polyvinyl chloride- and polyolefin-free composite film Download PDF

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Publication number
US20050008884A1
US20050008884A1 US10/705,016 US70501603A US2005008884A1 US 20050008884 A1 US20050008884 A1 US 20050008884A1 US 70501603 A US70501603 A US 70501603A US 2005008884 A1 US2005008884 A1 US 2005008884A1
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Prior art keywords
layer
composite film
film according
thickness
carrier layer
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Abandoned
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US10/705,016
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English (en)
Inventor
Johann Kappacher
Erich Bernsteiner
Andreas Hollebauer
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Senoplast Klepsch and Co GmbH
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Senoplast Klepsch and Co GmbH
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Application filed by Senoplast Klepsch and Co GmbH filed Critical Senoplast Klepsch and Co GmbH
Assigned to SENOPLAST KLEPSCH & CO. GMBH & CO. KG reassignment SENOPLAST KLEPSCH & CO. GMBH & CO. KG ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: BERNSTEINER, ERICH, HOLLEBAUER, ANDREAS, KAPPACHER, JOHANN
Publication of US20050008884A1 publication Critical patent/US20050008884A1/en
Assigned to SENOPLAST KLEPSCH & CO. GMBH reassignment SENOPLAST KLEPSCH & CO. GMBH ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: SENOPLAST KLEPSCH & CO. GMBH & CO. KG
Priority to US12/961,036 priority Critical patent/US8613824B2/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47B—TABLES; DESKS; OFFICE FURNITURE; CABINETS; DRAWERS; GENERAL DETAILS OF FURNITURE
    • A47B96/00—Details of cabinets, racks or shelf units not covered by a single one of groups A47B43/00 - A47B95/00; General details of furniture
    • A47B96/20—Furniture panels or like furniture elements
    • A47B96/205—Composite panels, comprising several elements joined together
    • A47B96/206—Composite panels, comprising several elements joined together with laminates comprising planar, continuous or separate layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
    • B32B27/20—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives using fillers, pigments, thixotroping agents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • B32B27/302—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising aromatic vinyl (co)polymers, e.g. styrenic (co)polymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • B32B27/304—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising vinyl halide (co)polymers, e.g. PVC, PVDC, PVF, PVDF
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • B32B27/308—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/14—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers
    • B32B37/15—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with at least one layer being manufactured and immediately laminated before reaching its stable state, e.g. in which a layer is extruded and laminated while in semi-molten state
    • B32B37/153—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with at least one layer being manufactured and immediately laminated before reaching its stable state, e.g. in which a layer is extruded and laminated while in semi-molten state at least one layer is extruded and immediately laminated while in semi-molten state
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/54—Yield strength; Tensile strength
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2325/00—Polymers of vinyl-aromatic compounds, e.g. polystyrene
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2327/00—Polyvinylhalogenides
    • B32B2327/06—PVC, i.e. polyvinylchloride
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2355/00—Specific polymers obtained by polymerisation reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, not provided for in a single one of index codes B32B2323/00 - B32B2333/00
    • B32B2355/02—ABS polymers, i.e. acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene polymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2367/00—Polyesters, e.g. PET, i.e. polyethylene terephthalate
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/26—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component, the element or component having a specified physical dimension
    • Y10T428/261—In terms of molecular thickness or light wave length
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31786—Of polyester [e.g., alkyd, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31786—Of polyester [e.g., alkyd, etc.]
    • Y10T428/31797—Next to addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31855—Of addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
    • Y10T428/31909—Next to second addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
    • Y10T428/31928—Ester, halide or nitrile of addition polymer

Definitions

  • the present invention concerns a multi-layer, substantially polyvinyl chloride- and polyolefin-free composite film, in particular furniture film, comprising at least one carrier layer which has ABS, in particular ABS with admixtures, and/or polystyrene, in particular polystyrene with admixtures and/or high-impact polystyrene, and/or polyester, in particular amorphous polyester copolymer.
  • thermoplastic decorative films in the furniture sector particularly when high-shine surfaces are involved, high demands are made in terms of scratch resistance, abrasion resistance, chemical resistance, tension tearing resistance and optical values such as shine, long- and short-wave factors as well as surface fine roughness.
  • Environmental awareness is also increasingly advancing into the furniture sector, so that demands are also additionally being made in terms of the material nature of the thermoplastic films. The materials and processes used at the present time do not always satisfy those conditions.
  • PVC carrier films substantially satisfy all physical and optical requirements as are made in respect of furniture films, but on the other hand nowadays they are deemed to be ecologically questionable.
  • a more ecologically advantageous variant was marketed, using a base film of pigmented amorphous polyester copolymer, instead of the pigmented PVC base film.
  • EP 0 987 102 A2 contains a base of polyethylene and, besides the scratch-resistant coating, also an overlay film of transparent amorphous polyester copolymer.
  • EP 0 704 482 B1 defines a plurality of structures in which polyolefins are homogenised with polymers of other chemical classes (styrene copolymers, polymethacrylates) and processed to constitute films for furniture and articles of furniture.
  • Japanese specification No 08311301 A describes an ABS film to which a defined addition of polycaprolactone is added as a processing aid for the calendering process. In addition it may also contain between 5 and 50 percent by weight of methacrylate raw material.
  • Co-extruded panels of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) and ABS are also known as high-shine film materials.
  • the furniture films are produced in that case by co-extrusion by way of a wide-slot nozzle.
  • An alternative form of processing represents thermoshaping of those films with subsequent adhesion thereof to wood fibre panels.
  • a further alternative form of processing is represented by glueing on to flat surfaces and hot edging.
  • processing of the thermoplastic, high-shine furniture films and mats is effected by way of pressing, laminating or shaping on wood or foam cores. In order to be able to process the films on the existing machines the films must satisfy defined technical conditions.
  • thermoshapability at low temperatures (100° C.) and a corresponding processing window of between 90 and 120° C.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a composite film which on the one hand affords an ecologically appropriate alternative, which has defined surface qualities, to the PVC-based films substantially used hitherto in the state of the art, and which on the other hand satisfies the above-specified technical requirements.
  • Section 6 of a thickness which corresponds to the thickness of the composite film to be tested is stored prior to the beginning of the test for 24 hours at 23° C. and 50% relative air humidity;
  • thermoshapability of the composite films is an aspect of central significance for the subsequent use thereof in the furniture industry as furniture films.
  • thermoshapability is used in particular to mean that the composite films, with processes in accordance with the state of the art, can be precisely matched to the surface configuration of the item of furniture to be coated.
  • Critical locations when applying such composite films are in particular corners, edges, recesses and so forth in the item of furniture. In that respect it is crucial that the composite films can also be adapted as exactly as possible to small corners, radii and edges.
  • the carrier layer of the composite film is of a thickness of between 100 and 1000 ⁇ m.
  • Composite films according to the invention in that range of thicknesses can be well processed. In addition they have the thickness necessary in regard to the quality requirements.
  • Particularly advantageous alternative configurations of the composite films provide that they have at least one carrier layer with amorphous polyester copolymer, wherein, in the single-axis tensile testing of such a composite film, a maximum tensile force of between 50 Newtons and 120 Newtons, preferably between 65 Newtons and 105 Newtons, occurs. It is advantageous with those films for the film to be of a thickness of between 200 and 600 ⁇ m, preferably between 300 and 450 ⁇ m.
  • composite films have at least one carrier layer with ABS and/or polystyrene, preferably HIPS (high impact polystyrene), wherein in the single-axis tensile testing of such a composite film a maximum tensile force of between 50 Newtons and 230 Newtons, preferably between 105 Newtons and 230 Newtons, occurs. It is particularly desirable in that respect that, in the tensile testing of such a composite film, a maximum tensile force of between 105 Newtons and 180 Newtons occurs. In addition it is provided that those composite films are of a thickness of between 400 and 1000 ⁇ m, preferably between 600 and 800 ⁇ m.
  • HIPS high impact polystyrene
  • Particularly preferred variants of the composite film have at least one carrier layer of ABS, in particular in ABS with admixtures and/or polystyrene, in particular polystyrene with admixtures and/or high impact polystyrene, and/or polyesters, in particular amorphous polyester copolymer. It is provided in that respect that the composite film, under a cover layer, has a single-layer extrudate or an at least double-layer co-extrudate, as the carrier layer. That represents a basic structure of the films according to the invention, which particularly well enjoys the properties required in the above-described test.
  • Preferred embodiments provide that at least one carrier layer of the composite film have UV-stabilisers and/or UV-absorbers and/or pigments, preferably for coloration purposes, and in a proportion by volume of between 0.1 and 10%.
  • the film attains its desired optical properties and also retains them even if it is exposed to sunlight over many years.
  • Preferred embodiments further provide that the carrier layer and/or at least one layer of the carrier layer have additives for Vicat reduction, with a proportion by weight of between 1 and 70%.
  • a variant provides that the carrier layer and/or at least one layer of the carrier layer have polycaprolactone with a proportion by weight of between 0.5 and 15%.
  • a further variant provides that the carrier layer and/or at least one layer of the carrier layer have amorphous polyester copolymer with a proportion by weight of between 30 and 70%.
  • Those additives serve in particular to provide the composite film with superior physical properties.
  • a preferred embodiment provides that in at least one layer—preferably facing away from the cover layer—the carrier layer has recycled material from the ongoing production process.
  • a primer layer can be applied to the side of the carrier layer, which is in opposite relationship to the cover layer of the composite film.
  • the primer layer serves to connect the composite film to the body to which it is applied.
  • the carrier layer is of a thickness of between 94 and 98% of the overall thickness of the composite film.
  • the cover layer of the composite film is co-extruded together with the carrier layer and has PMMA or impact-resistant modified PMMA.
  • a selected group of composite films according to the invention provides that the composite film is of an overall thickness of between 500 and 1000 ⁇ m, preferably between 500 and 800 ⁇ m.
  • the cover layer of the composite film is of a layer thickness of between 1 and 5%, preferably in the range of between 3 and 4%, of the overall thickness of the composite film.
  • the first layer thereof is of a thickness of between 5 and 20%, preferably between 10 and 15%, of the overall thickness of the composite film
  • the second layer of the carrier layer is of a thickness of between 74 and 93%, preferably between 75 and 85%, of the overall thickness of the composite film.
  • a transparent scratch-resistant coating is laminated on to the carrier layer or applied by thermal transfer printing.
  • the composite film is of an overall thickness of between 200 and 600 ⁇ m, preferably between 300 and 450 ⁇ m. In comparison with the composite films in which the cover layer of the composite film is co-extruded together with the carrier layer in a co-extrusion process, it is thus possible here to achieve a thinner overall thickness for the composite film if the cover layer is applied by lamination.
  • the cover layer of the composite film is of a layer thickness of between 1 and 5%, preferably between 1 and 3%, of the overall thickness of the composite film.
  • the first layer thereof is of a thickness of between 20 and 40%, preferably between 25 and 35% of the overall thickness of the composite film and the second layer of the carrier layer is of a thickness of between 60 and 75%, preferably between 65 and 70% of the overall thickness of the composite film.
  • a transparent scratch-resistant coating is applied to the carrier layer by printing or lacquering, as the cover layer.
  • the composite films are of an overall thickness of between 200 and 600 ⁇ m, preferably between 300 and 450 ⁇ m.
  • the cover layer of the composite film is of a layer thickness of between 1 and 5%, preferably between 1 and 3%, of the overall thickness of the composite film.
  • the first layer thereof is of a thickness of between 20 and 40%, preferably between 25 and 35%, of the overall thickness of the composite film
  • the second layer of the carrier layer is of a thickness of between 60 and 75%, preferably between 65 and 70%, of the overall layer of the composite film.
  • a select embodiment provides moreover that the carrier layer has an additional co-extruded layer facing towards the primer layer, the additional layer preferably comprising amorphous polyester copolymer with anti-blocking additive.
  • the cover layer is of a multi-layer structure and is laminated in the form of a ready pre-product on to the carrier layer.
  • the cover layer has four layers, wherein the first layer is a transparent scratch-resistant coating, preferably with UV-stabilisers and/or UV-absorbers, the second layer is a transparent overlay film comprising amorphous polyester copolymer, preferably with UV-stabilisers and/or UV-absorbers, the third layer is a decorative layer and the fourth layer is a primer layer.
  • the composite film is of an overall thickness of between 200 and 600 ⁇ m, preferably between 300 and 450 ⁇ m.
  • the cover layer is of a thickness of between 30 and 40%, preferably between 33 and 37%, of the overall thickness of the composite film.
  • the side of the carrier layer which is opposite to the decorative layer, has at least one decorative layer and/or at least one colour cover layer and/or at least one primer layer, wherein preferably the cover layer has a transparent scratch-resistant coating with UV-stabilisers and/or UV-absorbers.
  • the co-extruded carrier layer is at least 80% and preferably 95% of the overall thickness of the composite film.
  • the first layer of the carrier layer is chemically and/or mechanically matted.
  • the carrier layer is transparent.
  • the decorative and/or colour cover layer or layers is or are applied to the carrier layer using copper intaglio printing and/or flexographic printing and/or screen printing and/or offset printing.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic view relating to the testing process for composite films according to the invention.
  • FIGS. 2 through 5 show embodiments according to the invention of various composite films.
  • a tensile testing operation is effected in accordance with ISO 527-1:1996 at a defined testing temperature at a constant testing speed.
  • the variation in the testing tensile force which is necessary to maintain the constant testing speed throughout the entire duration of the testing procedure is recorded in dependence on the testing time.
  • the tensile force which occurs at a maximum during the tensile testing procedure serves as a criterion in regard to the deformability of the films on diaphragm pressing installations.
  • FIG. 1 diagrammatically shows the test body 21 which is clamped between the gripping clamps 22 and 23 and pulled in the direction 26 at a constant speed with a pulling device 25 and thereby stretched.
  • the tensile forces which occur in that case at the test body are recorded by means of a force measuring device 24 in dependence on time.
  • the nominal stretch is measured by suitable means (not shown here) in accordance with ISO 527-1:1996.
  • the testing apparatus which is used for the deformation tests must satisfy the conditions defined in ISO 527-1:1996 Section 5.
  • test body of type 1 B in accordance with ISO 527-2:1996 Section 6 is used for the tensile testing operations.
  • the removal of the test bodies from the composite film to be tested should be effected in such a way that the longitudinal axis of the test body is parallel to the extrusion direction or calendering direction.
  • Production of the test bodies must be effected by milling of the films by means of a suitable milling template.
  • the edges of the milled test bodies must be free from tears or milling burrs. If required the milled test bodies must be fine-ground at the edges while still in the template by means of abrasive paper (international grain size 220).
  • implementation of the tensile testing is to be carried out on a plurality of test bodies from one and the same composite film, in which case the arithmetic mean must be in the value range according to the invention, having regard to the standard deviation.
  • test bodies The choice of the number of test bodies is based on ISO 527-1:1996 Section 7.1, that testing specification requiring only one testing direction (parallel to the extrusion direction).
  • test bodies which break in the shoulder region or which stretch out of shape into the shoulder region must be rejected.
  • Test bodies which have slipped out of the gripping clamp or in which an obvious fault has resulted in premature failure may also not be included in the evaluation. Repetition tests with a corresponding number of new test bodies have to be carried out.
  • test bodies Before carrying out the tensile testing operation, based on ISO 291 (incorporated by reference) (‘Plastic materials normal climates for conditioning and testing’) the test bodies are stored for 24 hours at 23° C. room temperature and a relative air humidity of 50%.
  • the testing apparatus must be provided with a suitable climate chamber.
  • the test bodies pre-treated as described above are clamped in the testing apparatus and heated for 10 minutes in the climate chamber which is temperature-controlled at 80° C. After the expiry of that period of time the tensile testing procedure is started.
  • test bodies The dimensions of the test bodies, the clamping of the test bodies and the application of the prestressing are effected in accordance with ISO 527-1:1996 Sections 9.2 through 9.5.
  • the tensile testing operation is effected in a speed-controlled mode at a testing speed of 800 mm/min, which is constant for the duration of the tensile testing operation.
  • the tensile force which currently applies at any moment in time is variable and, after application of the constant testing speed, arises out of the resistance to stretch, which is variable in respect of time, of the test body.
  • Evaluation of the tensile test is effected within a stretch range of between 0% and 100%, in that case the nominal stretch ⁇ t of the test body, as defined in ISO 527-1:1996 Section 10.2, is used.
  • the test report may contain all information which is set forth in ISO 527-1:1996 Section 12.
  • test bodies which were taken from the films corresponding to this patent must have a maximally occurring tensile force which is at least in the range of between 30 and 280 Newtons (N) in the above-described tensile test within a nominal stretch range of between 0 and 100%.
  • N Newtons
  • FIG. 2 shows a diagrammatic view of the layer structure of the embodiments of the composite film A 1 through A 7 .
  • Layer 1 - thickness 4% PMMA + preferably 0.1-3% pigments for colouring + UV stabilisation preferably comprising UV-stabilisers and/or UV-absorbers or: PMMA + UV stabilisation layer 2 - thickness: 15% ABS + 0.5-10% pigments for colouring + optionally UV stabilisation or: ABS + 0.5-10% pigments + optionally UV stabilisation + optionally additive for Vicat reduction: 10% polycaprolactone or 50% amorphous polyester copolymer layer 3 - thickness: 80% ABS + 0.5-10% pigments for colouring or: ABS + 0.5-10% pigments + additive for Vicat reduction; 10% polycaprolactone or 50% amorphous polyester copolymer + recycled material from ongoing production process layer 4 - thickness: 1% primer (applied by printing).
  • the layers 2 and 3 are the carrier layer the layers 1 through 3 are produced in the co- extrusion process layer 1 is the cover layer in layer 1 both impact-modified and also standard PMMA can be used the layer 2 can be omitted but is generally produced.
  • Layer 1 - thickness: 4% PMMA + 0.1-3% pigments for colouring + UV stabilisation preferably comprising UV-stabilisers and/or UV-absorbers or: PMMA + UV stabilisation layer 2 - thickness: 15% HIPS ( high impact polystyrene) + 0.5-10% pigments for colouring + optionally UV stabilisation or: HIPS + 0.5-10% pigments + optionally UV stabilisation + optionally additive for Vicat reduction: 2% polycaprolactone or 50% amorphous polyester copolymer layer 3 - thickness: 80% HIPS + 0.5-10% pigments for colouring + recycled material from the ongoing production process or: HIPS + 0.5-10% pigments + additive for Vicat reduction
  • the layers 2 and 3 are the carrier layer the layers 1 through 3 are produced in the co- extrusion process layer 1 is the cover layer in layer 1 both impact-modified and also standard PMMA can be used the layer 2 can be omitted but is generally produced.
  • Layer 1 - thickness 4% PMMA + 0.1-3% pigments for colouring + UV stabilisation preferably comprising UV-stabilisers and/or UV-absorbers or: PMMA + UV stabilisation layer 2 - thickness: 15% amorphous polyester copolymer + 0.5-10% pigments for colouring + optionally UV stabilisation layer 3 - thickness: 80% amorphous polyester copolymer + 0.5-10% pigments for colouring + recycled material from ongoing production process layer 4 - thickness: 1% primer (applied by printing).
  • the layers 2 and 3 are the carrier layer the layers 1 through 3 are produced in the co- extrusion process layer 1 is the cover layer in layer 1 both impact-modified and also standard PMMA can be used the layer 2 can be omitted but is generally produced.
  • the layer 1 is applied inline or exline by lamination or thermal transfer printing the layers 2-3 are produced in the co-extrusion process and are the carrier layer the layer 2 can be omitted but is generally produced.
  • the layer 1 is applied inline or exline by lamination or thermal transfer printing the layers 2-3 are produced in the co-extrusion process and are the carrier layer the layer 2 can be omitted but is generally produced.
  • the layer 1 is applied by printing or lacquering the layers 2-3 are produced in the co-extrusion process and are the carrier layer the layer 2 can be omitted but is generally produced.
  • the layer 1 is applied by printing or lacquering the layers 2-3 are produced in the co-extrusion process and
  • FIG. 3 shows a composite film according to the invention in which the carrier layer is of a triple-layer structure.
  • the precise layer structure is for example as follows: A8 - Laminate - overall thickness 0.40 mm Layer 1 - thickness: 2% Transparent scratch-resistant coating + optionally UV stabilisation (preferably comprising UV- stabilisers and/or UV-absorber) layer 2 - thickness: 10% amorphous polyester copolymer + 0.5-10% pigments for colouring + optionally UV stabilisation (preferably comprising UV- stabilisers and/or US-absorber) + optionally anti- blocking additive layer 3 - thickness: 85% amorphous polyester copolymer + 0.5-10% pigments for colouring + recycled material from ongoing production process layer 5 - thickness: 2% amorphous polyester copolymer + anti-blocking additive layer 4 - thickness: 1% primer (applied by printing).
  • the layer 1 is applied inline or exline by lamination or thermal transfer printing the layers 2, 3 and 5 are produced in the co- extrusion process
  • FIG. 4 shows the structure of a composite film according to the invention in which the cover layer is of a multi-layer structure.
  • the precise layer structure is for example as follows: A9 - Laminate - overall thickness 0.40 mm Layer 6 - thickness: 2% Transparent scratch-resistant coating + optionally UV stabilisation layer 7 - thickness: 30% transparent overlay film comprising amorphous polyester copolymer + optionally UV-stabilisation layer 8 - thickness: 1% decorative layer layer 9 - thickness: 1% primer (applied by printing) layer 2 - thickness: 20% HIPS + 0.5-10% pigments for colouring + optionally UV stabilisation or: HIPS + 0.5-10% pigments + optionally UV stabilisation + additive for Vicat reduction: 2% polycaprolactone or 50% amorphous polyester copolymer layer 3 - thickness: 45% HIPS + 0.5-10% pigments for colouring or: HIPS + 0.5-10% pigments + additive for Vicat reduction; 2% polycaprolactone or 50% amorphous polyester copolymer + recycled material
  • FIG. 5 shows a composite film according to the invention whose main characteristic is that the decorative layers are applied between the carrier layer and the primer layer, under the carrier layer.
  • the precise layer structure in that respect is for example as follows: A10 - Lacquering - overall thickness 0.40 mm Layer 1 - thickness: 2% Transparent scratch-resistant coating + optionally UV stabilisation (preferably comprising UV- stabilisers and/or UV-absorber); (high shine-matt) layer 10 - thickness: amorphous polyester 10% copolymer + anti-blocking additive + optionally UV stabilisation (preferably comprising UV-stabilisers and/or UV-absorber) layer 11 - thickness: amorphous polyester copolymer + recycled 83% material from ongoing production process layer 12 - thickness: 2% amorphous polyester copolymer + anti-blocking additive layer 13 - thickness: 1% decorative layer (for example wood fibre) layer 14 - thickness: 1% colour cover layer (for example wood brown) layer 4 - thickness: 1% primer (applied by printing).
  • the layer 10 can be chemically or mechanically matted, it is produced using an extrusion process the layers 10-12 are produced in the co- extrusion process and are the carrier layer layers 13 and 14 are applied by copper intaglio, flexographic, screen or offset printing.
  • PMMA polymethylmethacrylate
  • ABS acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer
  • HIPS polystyrene impact modified (high impact)

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  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
US10/705,016 2001-05-10 2003-11-10 Multi-layer, substantially polyvinyl chloride- and polyolefin-free composite film Abandoned US20050008884A1 (en)

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US12/961,036 US8613824B2 (en) 2001-05-10 2010-12-06 Multi-layer, substantially polyvinyl chloride- and polyolefin-free composite film

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AT0074201A AT410196B (de) 2001-05-10 2001-05-10 Mehrschichtige im wesentlichen polyvinylchlorid- und polyolefinfreie verbundfolie
ATA742/2001 2001-05-10
PCT/AT2002/000129 WO2002090109A1 (de) 2001-05-10 2002-04-25 Mehrschichtige, im wesentlichen polyvinylchlorid- und polyolefinfreie möbelverbundfolie

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US12/961,036 Expired - Fee Related US8613824B2 (en) 2001-05-10 2010-12-06 Multi-layer, substantially polyvinyl chloride- and polyolefin-free composite film

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EP (1) EP1412179B1 (da)
AT (2) AT410196B (da)
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US20100009207A1 (en) * 2008-07-10 2010-01-14 Sabic Innovative Plastics Ip B.V. Formable thermoplastic multi-layer article, a formed multi-layer article, an article, and a method of making an article
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EP3603962A3 (en) * 2018-07-31 2020-04-08 Jin Ya Dian Technology Co., Ltd. Composite layer structure, decorated molding article and method for fabricating the same
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JP2020059215A (ja) * 2018-10-10 2020-04-16 凸版印刷株式会社 加飾シート
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US8613824B2 (en) 2013-12-24
WO2002090109A1 (de) 2002-11-14
ES2256533T3 (es) 2006-07-16
DK1412179T3 (da) 2006-05-22
EP1412179B1 (de) 2006-01-04
AT410196B (de) 2003-02-25
ATA7422001A (de) 2002-07-15
ATE314928T1 (de) 2006-02-15
DE50205534D1 (de) 2006-03-30
EP1412179A1 (de) 2004-04-28

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