US20040173971A1 - Mechanical seal - Google Patents

Mechanical seal Download PDF

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Publication number
US20040173971A1
US20040173971A1 US10/788,129 US78812904A US2004173971A1 US 20040173971 A1 US20040173971 A1 US 20040173971A1 US 78812904 A US78812904 A US 78812904A US 2004173971 A1 US2004173971 A1 US 2004173971A1
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
seal
seal ring
fluid region
stationary
ring
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US10/788,129
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Mitsuru Kudari
Masanobu Ninomiya
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nippon Pillar Packing Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Nippon Pillar Packing Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nippon Pillar Packing Co Ltd filed Critical Nippon Pillar Packing Co Ltd
Assigned to NIPPON PILLAR PACKING CO., LTD. reassignment NIPPON PILLAR PACKING CO., LTD. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: KUDARI, MITSURU, NINOMIYA, MASANOBU
Publication of US20040173971A1 publication Critical patent/US20040173971A1/en
Priority to US11/460,798 priority Critical patent/US7229076B2/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00—Sealings
    • F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
    • F16J15/34—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00—Sealings
    • F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
    • F16J15/34—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member
    • F16J15/3464—Mounting of the seal
    • F16J15/348—Pre-assembled seals, e.g. cartridge seals
    • F16J15/3484—Tandem seals
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00—Sealings
    • F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
    • F16J15/34—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member
    • F16J15/3404—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member and characterised by parts or details relating to lubrication, cooling or venting of the seal

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a mechanical seal for sealing a shaft and more particularly, to a mechanical seal for use in apparatuses requiring periodical sterilization.
  • a support member for supporting a stationary seal ring is retreated by means of a cylinder piston for producing a gap between the stationary seal ring and a rotary seal ring, and hot steam is passed through the gap thereby sterilizing the interior of the mechanical seal.
  • the device is provided with a shield, such as bellows, between the support member and a casing, the shield preventing the fluid from entering a cylinder side.
  • a mechanical seal interposed between a housing of an apparatus having a rotary shaft and the rotary shaft, and operative to seal an endo-fluid region against an exo-fluid region
  • the mechanical seal comprises: a rotary seal ring mounted to the rotary shaft; a stationary seal ring in axially opposing relation with the rotary seal ring for cooperatively defining therebetween a seal face constituting a primary seal portion for establishing a fluid seal between the endo-fluid region and the exo-fluid region, the stationary seal ring having a balance ratio designed to permit the seal face to be opened by supplying steam of a predetermined pressure to the endo-fluid region and by bringing the exo-fluid region into an exhausting state when the rotary seal ring is at standstill; a seal case mounted to the housing for axially movably retaining the stationary seal ring, and including a groove extended circumferentially of a portion thereof in close proximity of and opposing relation with
  • the balance ratio is so designed as to permit the seal face to be opened by supplying the steam.
  • the seal member is subjected to the pressure of the steam but is received by an axial end face of the groove. Accordingly, the seal member does not affect the balance ratio for the stationary seal ring. It is therefore ensured that the seal face is positively opened to allow the steam to pass through the mechanical seal for sterilization.
  • the mechanical seal permitting the sterilization to be carried out in the non-disassembled state.
  • the mechanical seal does not require the cylinder for opening the seal face and hence, the mechanical seal featuring the simple and compact construction can be provided.
  • the above mechanical seal may have an exhaust hole extended through the seal case and having one open end located near a place where droplets fall, the droplets being formed by condensation on a surface of the stationary seal ring exposed to the exo-fluid region.
  • the droplets are discharged via the exhaust hole and hence, the interior of the mechanical seal may be quickly dried by ventilating dry air therethrough after the ventilation of the steam.
  • FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a mechanical seal according to one embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged view showing a right-half portion of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a fragmentary enlarged view showing a part of a flange portion of the above mechanical seal
  • FIG. 4 is a view as viewed along the arrow IV of FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 5 is an enlarged view showing a portion around a rotary seal ring and a stationary seal ring during a normal operation of the above mechanical seal;
  • FIG. 6 is an enlarged view showing the portion around the rotary seal ring and the stationary seal ring of the above mechanical seal during a sterilizing operation.
  • FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing a mechanical seal of a structure having a different exhaust system from that of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a mechanical seal according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • the mechanical seal 1 is interposed between a housing 51 of an apparatus containing a sealed fluid therein and a rotary shaft 52 of the apparatus.
  • the mechanical seal 1 includes in a seal case 2 two sets of rotary seal structures constituted by a rotary seal ring 3 in combination with a first stationary seal ring 4 and a second stationary seal ring 5 .
  • a first rotary seal structure is constituted by the rotary seal ring 3 and the first stationary seal ring 4 .
  • the first rotary seal structure provides a fluid seal between an endo-fluid region H within the housing 51 and a sealing-fluid region (exo-fluid region) S where a fluid such as a sealing gas is present.
  • a second rotary seal structure is constituted by the rotary seal ring 3 and the second stationary seal ring 5 .
  • the second rotary seal structure provides a fluid seal between the sealing-fluid region S and an atmosphere region L opened into the atmosphere.
  • the above apparatus is an agitator for food, drug or the like, for instance.
  • the mechanical seal 1 is mounted substantially in a position shown in the figure.
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged view showing a right half portion of FIG. 1.
  • the seal case 2 includes a cylindrical case body 21 , and flange portions (retainers) 22 , 23 fastened to axially opposite ends of the case body 21 via bolts 24 , 25 .
  • a first sleeve 6 is fitted on the rotary shaft 52 of the agitator, and the annular rotary seal ring 3 is fitted on a cylindrical portion 6 a formed at a distal end of the first sleeve 6 .
  • Upper and lower sealing end-faces 3 s of the rotary seal ring 3 define flat faces orthogonal to an axis of the rotary shaft 52 .
  • the sealing end-face 3 s is formed with a plurality of shallow grooves 3 g (depth of several micrometers) near an outer circumference thereof.
  • the grooves 3 g are radially extended and arranged in a radial fashion, for example.
  • a second sleeve 8 at the upper position, is fitted on the rotary shaft 52 after the rotary seal ring 3 is fitted on the cylindrical portion 6 a.
  • the second sleeve 8 is fitted with the first sleeve 6 at the lower position and fastened thereto by means of a bolt 9 .
  • the aforesaid rotary seal ring 3 is clamped between support portions 6 b, 8 b of the sleeves 6 , 8 via O-rings 10 , 11 .
  • the support portions 6 b, 8 b are protruded outwardly from respective outer peripheries of the sleeves 6 , 8 .
  • An O-ring 12 is fitted in a groove 6 a 1 formed in the cylindrical portion 6 a.
  • the O-ring 12 is in contact with the rotary seal ring 3 .
  • the second sleeve 8 is fixed to the rotary shaft 52 by means of a plurality of screws 13 (only one of which is shown in FIG. 1).
  • first stationary seal ring 4 and the second stationary seal ring 5 as annular members, have sealing end-faces 4 s, 5 s orthogonal to the axis of the rotary shaft 52 , respectively.
  • the first and second stationary seal rings 4 , 5 oppose axially opposite sides of the rotary seal ring 3 .
  • Respective seal faces defined between the rotary seal ring 3 and the individual stationary seal rings 4 , 5 constitute respective primary seal portions between the endo-fluid region H and the sealing-fluid region S, and between the sealing-fluid region S and the atmosphere region L.
  • the stationary seal rings 4 , 5 have cylindrical base portions 4 a, 5 a extended in the opposite directions from the respective sealing end-faces 4 s, 5 s thereof.
  • the cylindrical base portions 4 a, 5 a are axially movably inserted in the respective flange portions 22 , 23 .
  • the flange portions 22 , 23 are formed with U-shaped grooves 22 a, 23 a circumferentially of respective portions thereof which are in close proximity of and opposing relation with the respective base portions 4 a, 5 a.
  • the grooves 22 a, 23 a receives therein O-rings 14 , 15 , respectively.
  • secondary seal portions are defined between the endo-fluid region H and the sealing-fluid region S and between the sealing-fluid region S and the atmosphere region L.
  • the first and second stationary seal rings 4 , 5 are formed with a plurality of notches 4 c (FIG. 1), 5 c (2 places in this embodiment) at outer peripheral corners thereof, and the notches are arranged with a predetermined circumferential spacing.
  • a plurality of pins (2 pins) 16 (FIG. 1), 17 are implanted in the flange portions 22 , 23 . These pins 16 , 17 are engaged with the notches 4 c, 5 c in a manner to provide axial and radial clearances such as to permit some degrees of axial and radial movement of the stationary seal rings 4 , 5 .
  • the flange portions 22 , 23 are further formed with spring holding holes 22 b, 23 b (FIG. 1) at plural circumferential places thereof (6 places in the embodiment) where the pins 16 , 17 are not implanted.
  • the stationary seal rings 4 , 5 are urged into movement toward the rotary seal ring 3 by means of the springs 18 , 19 (FIG. 1) mounted in these holes 22 b, 23 b.
  • the case body 21 is provided with a passage hole 21 p, with which an external pipe line 101 (FIG. 1) and a valve 102 (FIG. 1) are connected.
  • the sealing gas is introduced into the sealing-fluid region S by opening the valve 102 .
  • the pressure of the sealing gas is controlled such as to provide a higher pressure in the sealing-fluid region S than those of the endo-fluid region H and the atmosphere region L.
  • the sealing gas of a predetermined pressure is constantly supplied to the sealing-fluid region S.
  • a vertical hole 22 v and a horizontal hole 22 h communicated therewith are extended through the flange portion 22 .
  • the vertical hole 22 v and horizontal hole 22 h constitute a steam ventilation hole to be described hereinlater.
  • An upper end of the vertical hole 22 v opens into a spring seat face 22 c facing the sealing-fluid region S.
  • the horizontal hole 22 h is connected with an external pipe line 103 (FIG. 1) and a valve 104 (FIG. 1). When the valve 104 is opened, the external pipe line 103 is opened into the atmosphere.
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view showing an upper end of the flange portion 22 (the figure showing a portion of a different circumferential phase from that of the spring holding hole 22 b ).
  • FIG. 4 is a view as viewed along an arrow IV in FIG. 3.
  • the flange portion 22 is formed with a slit 22 e cut down vertically from its top side 22 d and radially extended to its outer periphery.
  • the bottom of the slit 22 e is inclined downwardly toward the outside (the right-hand side as seen in FIG. 3).
  • the slit 22 e is provided for discharging water accumulated in the groove 22 a to the vertical hole 22 v (specifically described hereinlater).
  • the slits 22 e are formed at plural circumferential places of the flange portion 22 , and each of slits 22 e is located at position of a different circumferential phase from that of the spring holding hole 22 b.
  • the dynamic pressure axially moves the stationary seal rings 4 , 5 away from the rotary seal ring 3 (of the order of several micrometers), so that the rotary seal ring 3 and the stationary seal rings 4 , 5 are maintained in non-contact relation via the sealing gas.
  • fluid layers of the sealing gas are formed between the sealing end-face 3 s of the rotary seal ring 3 and that 4 s of the stationary seal ring 4 , and between the sealing end-face 3 s of the rotary seal ring 3 and that 5 s of the stationary seal ring 5 .
  • fluid seal is provided between the endo-fluid region H and the sealing-fluid region S and between the sealing-fluid region S and the atmosphere region L.
  • a minor amount of the sealing gas leaks into the endo-fluid region H and the atmosphere region L of relatively lower pressures.
  • the amount of leaked gas constitutes a consumption of the sealing gas during the operation.
  • FIG. 5 is an enlarged view showing a portion around the rotary seal ring 3 and the first stationary seal ring 4 during the above normal operation.
  • the O-ring 14 is located at a lower end of the groove 22 a as subjected to the pressure of the sealing gas.
  • the value of the balance ratio is so designed as to cause the aforementioned separation of the first stationary seal ring 4 from the rotary seal ring 3 , taking into consideration the spring force of the spring 18 , the weight of the first stationary seal ring 4 and the like.
  • the value of the balance ratio is preferably in the range of 0.6 to 1.6. The selection of such a value provides a seal arrangement which basically retains an intrinsic nature of the seal to inhibit the seal face from being opened and which permits the dynamic pressure to slightly open the seal face for bringing the stationary seal ring into the non-contact state.
  • the agitator is sterilized.
  • the valve 102 of FIG. 1 is closed, whereas the valve 104 is opened. This brings the sealing-fluid region S into an exhausting state.
  • hot steam at about 130° C.
  • the steam sterilizes the interior of the agitator and also enters space between the rotary seal ring 3 and the first stationary seal ring 4 .
  • the first stationary seal ring 4 is moved away from the rotary seal ring 3 , as shown in FIG.
  • a gap G (of dozens micrometers) is formed therebetween.
  • the hot steam passes through the gap G and then through the vertical hole 22 v and the horizontal hole 22 h to be exhausted outside.
  • the sterilizing operation for the agitator also accomplishes the sterilization of the mechanical seal.
  • a pipe for discharging the steam may be added to the external pipe line 101 (FIG. 1) in order to promote the temperature rise of the mechanical seal portion during the sterilizing operation.
  • the mechanical seal has a basic nature prone to open the seal face.
  • a seal arrangement wherein the seal face is opened to a greater degree than in the normal operation by the supplied steam, thereby allowing for ventilation.
  • the force on the O-ring 14 is also applied to the first stationary seal ring 4 , the force of closing the seal face is increased so that the balance ratio exceeds the above value K 2 . Accordingly, the first stationary seal ring 4 is less prone to move away from the rotary seal ring. However, the O-ring 14 is received by the flange portion 22 , as described above, whereby the increase of the pressure receiving area S 3 is avoided to thereby prevent the balance ratio from being affected. Consequently, it is ensured that the first stationary seal ring 4 is positively moved away to a degree required for the ventilation.
  • the foregoing embodiment is arranged such that the steam is exhausted via the vertical hole 22 v and the horizontal hole 22 h.
  • the flange portion 22 may obviate the hole for discharging gas/water while the valve 104 may be connected with the external pipe line 101 .
  • the normal operation may be carried out with the valve 102 opened and the valve 104 closed.
  • the valve 102 may be closed while the valve 104 may be opened.
  • the sterilization may also be performed by the same arrangement using a contact type mechanical seal.
  • the O-rings 14 , 15 may be replaced by other sealing members.
  • the spring 18 is not limited to the helical spring used in the foregoing embodiment but may be other elastic member.
  • a leaf spring or metal bellows may be used.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Sealing (AREA)
US10/788,129 2003-03-03 2004-02-26 Mechanical seal Abandoned US20040173971A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US11/460,798 US7229076B2 (en) 2003-03-03 2006-07-28 Mechanical seal

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP55870/2003 2003-03-03
JP2003055870A JP3792205B2 (ja) 2003-03-03 2003-03-03 メカニカルシール

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US11/460,798 Continuation US7229076B2 (en) 2003-03-03 2006-07-28 Mechanical seal

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US20040173971A1 true US20040173971A1 (en) 2004-09-09

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US10/788,129 Abandoned US20040173971A1 (en) 2003-03-03 2004-02-26 Mechanical seal
US11/460,798 Expired - Fee Related US7229076B2 (en) 2003-03-03 2006-07-28 Mechanical seal

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US (2) US20040173971A1 (de)
EP (1) EP1455123B1 (de)
JP (1) JP3792205B2 (de)
KR (1) KR101066295B1 (de)
DE (1) DE602004004560T8 (de)

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CN102472394A (zh) * 2009-08-10 2012-05-23 日挥株式会社 机械密封装置和处理装置
US20120326394A1 (en) * 2011-06-27 2012-12-27 Nippon Pillar Packing Co., Ltd. Shaft-Seal Device for High-Temperature Fluid
US8757631B2 (en) 2009-07-16 2014-06-24 Eagle Industry Co., Ltd. Mechanical seal device
US10145475B2 (en) 2014-11-04 2018-12-04 Eagle Industry Co., Ltd. Mechanical seal device
US10352454B2 (en) * 2014-11-04 2019-07-16 Eagle Industry Co., Ltd. Mechanical seal device
US11459956B2 (en) * 2020-11-25 2022-10-04 Raytheon Technologies Corporation Face seal arrangement with reduced balance ratio

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WO2009120989A2 (en) * 2008-03-28 2009-10-01 Garlock Sealing Technologies, Llc High temperature dynamic seal
WO2010001683A1 (ja) * 2008-07-04 2010-01-07 イーグル工業株式会社 ダブルメカニカルシール装置
JP5004988B2 (ja) * 2009-03-26 2012-08-22 日本ピラー工業株式会社 端面接触形メカニカルシール
EP2292953A1 (de) * 2009-09-07 2011-03-09 Fei Company Hochvakuumabdichtung
JP5779814B2 (ja) * 2010-09-30 2015-09-16 プライミクス株式会社 攪拌装置
GB201214476D0 (en) * 2012-08-14 2012-09-26 Rolls Royce Plc Inshaft seal
JP5580912B2 (ja) * 2013-03-06 2014-08-27 日揮株式会社 メカニカルシール装置及び処理装置
US9765891B2 (en) 2014-02-24 2017-09-19 Carrier Corporation Pressurized drive shaft seal for dispensing systems and a method for using the same
US9945485B2 (en) 2015-05-04 2018-04-17 Trelleborg Sealing Solutions Us, Inc. Seal assembly for a sterile environment
CN105757255B (zh) * 2016-05-09 2018-05-04 成都一通密封股份有限公司 机械密封组合式保温结构
JP6744160B2 (ja) * 2016-07-13 2020-08-19 日本ピラー工業株式会社 メカニカルシール
CN106015579B (zh) * 2016-07-15 2018-08-28 清华大学 一种基于节流结构主动控制的机械密封装置
EP3601854B1 (de) * 2017-03-20 2022-09-07 Flowserve Management Company Mechanische stosswellendichtung
US11473679B2 (en) 2017-03-20 2022-10-18 Flowserve Management Company Shock wave mechanical seal
DE102017213148B4 (de) * 2017-07-31 2020-01-23 Carl Freudenberg Kg Gleitringdichtungsanordnung eines hydrodynamischen Retarders sowie hydrodynamischer Retarder
NL2020541B1 (en) * 2018-03-06 2019-09-13 Fugro N V Position Monitoring of a Gasket between Tunnel Segments
CN108591451B (zh) * 2018-07-02 2020-06-09 清华大学 一种机械密封智能调节系统与方法
JP7419176B2 (ja) 2020-06-29 2024-01-22 イーグル工業株式会社 メカニカルシール

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US3811687A (en) * 1971-11-17 1974-05-21 Klein Schanzlin & Becker Ag Shaft seal
US3759532A (en) * 1972-06-09 1973-09-18 Ingersoll Rand Co Fluid seal
US3941395A (en) * 1973-03-08 1976-03-02 Borg-Warner Corporation Cooled seal cartridge
US4434986A (en) * 1982-10-12 1984-03-06 Gits Brothers Mfg. Co. Shaft seal
US5058905A (en) * 1988-10-07 1991-10-22 Josef Nosowicz Seal
US6135458A (en) * 1997-11-21 2000-10-24 Nippon Pillar Packing Co., Ltd. Static pressure non-contact gas seal
US6325378B1 (en) * 1998-04-01 2001-12-04 Nippon Pillar Packing Co., Ltd. Shaft seal apparatus
US6299173B1 (en) * 1998-10-16 2001-10-09 John Crane Inc. Mechanical end face seal ring having a compliant seal face
US6505836B1 (en) * 1999-06-07 2003-01-14 Nippon Pillar Packing Co., Ltd Non-contact type shaft sealing device
US6517077B1 (en) * 1999-07-05 2003-02-11 M. Technique Co., Ltd. Mechanical seal, and agitating device and process using same
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US6494460B2 (en) * 2000-12-26 2002-12-17 Karl E. Uth Rotary barrier face seal
US6454268B1 (en) * 2001-02-09 2002-09-24 Eagle Industry Co., Ltd. Shaft seal device
US20020158416A1 (en) * 2001-04-26 2002-10-31 John Crane Inc. Non-contacting gas compressor seal
US6655693B2 (en) * 2001-04-26 2003-12-02 John Crane Inc. Non-contacting gas compressor seal
US6708980B2 (en) * 2001-08-31 2004-03-23 Eagle Industry Co., Ltd. Mechanical sealing device
US6871857B2 (en) * 2001-11-07 2005-03-29 Jong Won Kim Mechanical sealing apparatus

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8757631B2 (en) 2009-07-16 2014-06-24 Eagle Industry Co., Ltd. Mechanical seal device
CN102472394A (zh) * 2009-08-10 2012-05-23 日挥株式会社 机械密封装置和处理装置
US8998213B2 (en) 2009-08-10 2015-04-07 Jgc Corporation Mechanical seal device and processing apparatus
US20120326394A1 (en) * 2011-06-27 2012-12-27 Nippon Pillar Packing Co., Ltd. Shaft-Seal Device for High-Temperature Fluid
US8770589B2 (en) * 2011-06-27 2014-07-08 Nippon Pillar Packaging Co., Ltd. Shaft-seal device for high-temperature fluid
US10145475B2 (en) 2014-11-04 2018-12-04 Eagle Industry Co., Ltd. Mechanical seal device
US10352454B2 (en) * 2014-11-04 2019-07-16 Eagle Industry Co., Ltd. Mechanical seal device
US11459956B2 (en) * 2020-11-25 2022-10-04 Raytheon Technologies Corporation Face seal arrangement with reduced balance ratio

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE602004004560T2 (de) 2007-10-25
KR20040078566A (ko) 2004-09-10
DE602004004560D1 (de) 2007-03-22
EP1455123B1 (de) 2007-01-31
JP2004263802A (ja) 2004-09-24
EP1455123A1 (de) 2004-09-08
KR101066295B1 (ko) 2011-09-20
US7229076B2 (en) 2007-06-12
DE602004004560T8 (de) 2008-02-14
JP3792205B2 (ja) 2006-07-05
US20060261559A1 (en) 2006-11-23

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