TWI716569B - 在織物上形成立體裝飾布的製造方法 - Google Patents

在織物上形成立體裝飾布的製造方法 Download PDF

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TWI716569B
TWI716569B TW106109825A TW106109825A TWI716569B TW I716569 B TWI716569 B TW I716569B TW 106109825 A TW106109825 A TW 106109825A TW 106109825 A TW106109825 A TW 106109825A TW I716569 B TWI716569 B TW I716569B
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corrosion
fabric
decorative cloth
cloth
acid
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葉晉彰
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Abstract

本發明揭露一種在織物上形成立體裝飾布的製造方法,係將耐腐蝕黏膠先設於離型紙上後,再將離型紙黏貼於一裝飾布;另外在一織物的表面形成一耐腐蝕保護層;於剝離該離型紙後以熱壓貼合方式將裝飾布的耐腐蝕黏膠黏貼於該織物的耐腐蝕保護層上;再於裝飾布上形成一腐蝕層,以對該裝飾布產生腐蝕而進行燒花;最後提供一清洗製程,以對該黏貼了裝飾布且進行腐蝕後的織物依序進行水洗及皂洗,進而去除該腐蝕層及剝離裝飾布腐蝕後多餘的布料。

Description

在織物上形成立體裝飾布的製造方法
本發明涉及一種透過在織物上固定布片來實施將該布片形成立體的裝飾布的製造方法。
習知上,在織物或布匹的表面形成立體的裝飾圖案或形狀的裝飾布中,有利用纖維素系纖維遇酸炭化的性質的燒花印花方法。
所述燒花印花方法的製造方式為:利用包括硫酸的酸性糊(腐蝕劑),在絲或尼龍等耐酸性纖維和人造絲或棉等纖維素系纖維的交織物上形成花樣,再實施熱處理,從而使附著有糊的部分的纖維素系纖維炭化,然後通過揉洗等步驟除去此炭化部分,由此形成透亮的花樣。
其中,日本特開昭61-146891號專利文獻中記載了布料切下\加工方法,其係在由纖維素系纖維構成的布料的切下部分塗敷腐蝕劑,且實施乾燥、加熱處理,使布料的切下部分炭化並將其去除之後,沿著布料切下部分的周緣塗敷黏結劑並使其乾燥。
另外,日本特開平6-212581號專利文獻中記載了一種聚酯纖維布帛,其是由變性聚酯纖維與非變性聚酯纖維構成的纖維布帛,在變性聚酯纖維的完全腐蝕部、部分腐蝕部及未腐蝕部腐蝕加工出有花紋。但是,在布上固定由另外的布形成的裝飾布片來實施裝飾的情況下,進行將 規定形狀的裝飾布片固定在被裝飾布上的方法(方法1),或進行在被裝飾布上固定了比規定形狀大的裝飾布後從該裝飾布上切下規定形狀的裝飾布片的方法(方法2)。
在所述方法1的情況下,在被裝飾布片上固定單個或多個裝飾布片,特別是在花樣由多個裝飾布片構成時,為了使花樣形成得漂亮,必須對各裝飾布片進行高精度的對位。
對此,上述方法2則由於各裝飾布片的相互位置不發生錯動,所以,在配置各裝飾布片時對精度沒有要求。但是,在方法2的情況下,在將裝飾布片的一部分固定在被裝飾布上的狀態下,必須以手工作業的方式切除裝飾布中對裝飾無用的部分,所以,在裝飾布片形狀複雜、裝飾是由多個裝飾布片構成的情況下,作業既費工夫又耗時,而且被切除的部分也不是一定的,因此,作業的完成情況會因作業者的熟練度不同而產生差異。
除了上述先前技術之外,目前關於類似這種將裝飾布貼合方式,其間之黏膠在製造過程由於滲透到織物過多,而致使其間之黏膠減少而導致黏貼度不足而容易使裝飾布脫離。
本發明的目的在於提供一種解決前述習知方法在織物或布匹的表面形成立體的裝飾圖案或形狀的裝飾布所存在的缺失,使得裝飾布可以更牢固地被黏貼定位在織物而在後續加工製程中不易脫離。
本發明的其中一特徵,係將耐腐蝕黏膠先設於離型紙上後,再將離型紙黏貼於一裝飾布;另外在一織物的表面形成一耐腐蝕保護層; 於剝離該離型紙後以熱壓貼合方式將裝飾布的耐腐蝕黏膠黏貼於該織物的耐腐蝕保護層上;再於裝飾布上形成一腐蝕層,以對該裝飾布產生腐蝕而進行燒花;最後提供一清洗製程,以對該黏貼了裝飾布且進行腐蝕後的織物依序進行水洗及皂洗,從而去除該腐蝕層及剝離裝飾布腐蝕後多餘的布料。
本發明的另一特徵,可以直接將耐腐蝕黏膠塗佈於一裝飾布;另外在一織物的表面形成一耐腐蝕保護層;以熱壓貼合方式將裝飾布的耐腐蝕黏膠黏貼於該織物的耐腐蝕保護層上;再於裝飾布上形成一腐蝕層,以對該裝飾布產生腐蝕而進行燒花;最後提供一清洗製程,以對該黏貼了裝飾布且進行腐蝕後的織物依序進行水洗及皂洗,從而去除該腐蝕層及剝離裝飾布腐蝕後多餘的布料。
基於前述,本發明的其中一技術手段包括:提供一離型紙,該離型紙的一表面以網印方式塗佈有耐腐蝕黏膠並將該黏膠烘乾;提供一裝飾布,利用熱轉印方式將該離型紙上的黏膠黏貼於該裝飾布的一表面;提供一織物,在該織物的一表面形成一耐腐蝕保護層,剝離該離型紙後再以熱壓貼合方式將該裝飾布的黏膠黏貼於該織物的耐腐蝕保護層上;提供一腐蝕層,將該腐蝕層以網印方式形成在該裝飾布上,以對該裝飾布產生腐蝕;提供一清洗製程,對該黏貼了裝飾布且進行腐蝕後的織物依序進行水洗及皂洗,以去除該腐蝕層及剝離裝飾布腐蝕後多餘的布料。
較佳者,為了避免裝飾布在後續製程中上腐蝕層時,用來腐蝕裝飾布的酸液滲透至織物而造成織物酸蝕及黃變,本發明乃在PUR熱熔膠添加碳酸氫鈉(Na2CO3)之鹼液而組成所述耐腐蝕黏膠。
較佳者,本發明係使用三氯醋酸溶液做為用來腐蝕裝飾布的腐蝕層。
較佳者,本發明使用三氯醋酸、硝酸(HNO3)、濃硫酸(H2SO4)、高錳酸(H2MnO4)、次氯酸(HClO)、氯酸(HClO3)、溴酸(HBrO3)、亞硝酸、乙二酸(H2C2O4)溶液或離子液體做為形成在裝飾布上的腐蝕層後,進一步在125℃~135℃的溫度下對該裝飾布腐蝕15~25分鐘,以氧化裝飾布所含的棉質纖維素,進而破壞非結晶區域結構,使其斷裂而易剝離。
為提高生產作業效率,本發明較佳地以網印方式在織物的表面刮印耐腐蝕保護層,且該耐腐蝕保護層的輪廓係對應裝飾布的輪廓,藉此,使裝飾布對應地黏貼於該耐腐蝕保護層上。
另一方面,本發明可以將離型紙上的耐腐蝕黏膠黏貼於織物後,先以數位雕刻機將該裝飾布連同離型紙裁切出預定之形狀後,再將離型紙剝離可以保留較多黏膠以增強黏貼度,然後以熱壓貼合方式將裝飾布黏貼於織物上的耐腐蝕保護層。
此外,本發明的另一技術手段包括:提供一耐腐蝕黏膠;提供一裝飾布,將該耐腐蝕黏膠黏貼於該裝飾布的一表面;提供一織物,在該織物的一表面形成一耐腐蝕保護層,再以熱壓貼合方式將該裝飾布的耐腐蝕黏膠黏貼於該織物的耐腐蝕保護層上;提供一腐蝕層,將該腐蝕層以網印方式形成在該裝飾布上,以對該裝飾布產生腐蝕;提供一清洗製程,對該黏貼了裝飾布且進行腐蝕後的織物依序進行水洗及皂洗,以去除該腐蝕層及剝離裝飾布腐蝕後多餘的布料。
本發明的製造方法,由於是將耐腐蝕黏膠以轉印方式形成於 裝飾布,或是直接將耐腐蝕黏膠塗佈於裝飾布,再以熱壓方式將裝飾布黏貼於形成有耐腐蝕保護層的織物上,使得裝飾布與織物之間具有一層耐腐蝕保護層與一層耐腐蝕黏膠予以隔離,從而,在後續於裝飾布上形成腐蝕層時,腐蝕性的酸液僅可在裝飾布上產生腐蝕效果,但無法滲透至織物,且裝飾布與織物之間的黏結效果不會受到影響,亦即使得裝飾布和織物之間的定位牢固性更為提高、不易脫離。
1‧‧‧離型紙
2‧‧‧耐腐蝕黏膠
3‧‧‧織物
4‧‧‧裝飾布
5‧‧‧耐腐蝕保護層
6‧‧‧腐蝕層
第一圖為顯示本發明之第一實施例製造流程示意圖;第二圖為顯示本發明在一離型紙上網印耐腐蝕黏膠並將該黏膠烘乾之示意圖;第三圖為顯示本發明將形成於離型紙上之黏膠黏貼於裝飾布之示意圖;第四圖為顯示本發明在織物表面網印形成一耐腐蝕保護層之示意圖;第五圖為顯示本發明將黏貼於裝飾布的離型紙剝離後再以熱壓貼合方式將裝飾布黏貼於織物的耐腐蝕保護層上之示意圖;第六圖為顯示本發明在結合於織物上的裝飾布表面網印一腐蝕層之示意圖;第七圖為顯示本發明在織物上形成了立體裝飾布後之平面示意圖;以及第八圖為顯示本發明之第二實施例製造流程示意圖。
以下配合圖式及元件符號對本發明之實施方式做更詳細的說明,俾使熟習該項技藝者在閱讀本說明書後能據以實施。
以下所述之本發明的製造方法,能夠適用於布或布製品,該布製品適用於T恤衫、襯衫、褲子、襪子、提包、手帕等廣泛的布製品。並且,在以下所示所實施例中,所述織物是由人造絲或棉等纖維素系纖維形成的針織物。但是,所述織物的原材料也可為絲或尼龍等耐酸性纖維,或者由耐酸性纖維與纖維素系纖維混合而成。並且,織物可為紡織物、針織物、無紡布中的任一種。
並且,在以下所示的實施例中,所述裝飾布是由纖維素系纖維形成的針織物。但是,裝飾布也可為紡織物、針織物、無紡布中的任一種。以下,針對本發明的實施例進行說明:
《實施例1》
配合第一圖之製造流程示意圖所示,本發明提供的在織物上形成立體裝飾布的製造方法,首先如第二圖所示地提供一離型紙1,並在該離型紙1的一表面以網印方式塗佈耐腐蝕黏膠2,並以乾燥裝置(例如加熱器)將該耐腐蝕黏膠2烘乾而具備適當黏性;其中較佳者,該耐腐蝕黏膠2係包含有PUR熱熔膠及碳酸氫鈉(Na2CO3)之鹼液,該PUR熱熔膠與碳酸氫鈉之比例可依實際之需要而定,在本發明中並不必要加以限制;此外,針對尼龍織物可能受到溢出之黏膠的影響而變黃,本發明可以進一步在黏膠中添加抗黃變助劑。藉此,將耐腐蝕黏膠2形成於離型紙1上後即形成如同貼紙一般的離型紙。
第三圖係顯示本發明將要結合於織物3上的裝飾布4以黏貼 方式固定於織物3上;其實施方式係將第二圖所示之離型紙1上的耐腐蝕黏膠2以熱轉印方式(即加熱及加壓)黏貼於一裝飾布4之欲固定於織物3的一表面,使得裝飾布4的一面藉由該耐腐蝕黏膠2而覆蓋一離型紙1。
所述耐腐蝕黏膠2可以採用反應型聚胺酯熱熔膠(polyurethane reactive adhesives,PUR),其分子鏈中,主結構上為含有胺甲酸酯基(-NHCOO-)或異氰酸酯基(-NCO)的官能基,支鏈上的官能基可為聚丙烯PP、丙烯酸酯Acrylic、矽氧烷Polydimethylsiloxane等,利用圓版塗佈於被黏貼物表面,PUR可與存在空氣中或者表面附著的濕氣產生反應、擴鏈,生成交聯網狀結構且具有高內聚力的高分子固態聚合物,能快速固著而發揮其黏著效果,該耐腐蝕黏膠2(PUR)的化學式如下面所示:
Figure 106109825-A0101-12-0007-2
在本發明的實施例中,利用該耐腐蝕黏膠2將裝飾布4黏貼於織物3上後必須達到4Kg/cm2之結合力。
接下來如第四圖所示,在欲結合裝飾布4的織物3的一表面上以網印方式刮印形成一耐腐蝕保護層5;該耐腐蝕保護層5的輪廓可以對應於裝飾布4的輪廓;該耐腐蝕保護層5同樣含有碳酸氫鈉之鹼性成分。然後再將裝飾布4結合於織物3上。其結合方式係如第五圖所示,將裝飾布4上之離型紙1剝離以露出耐腐蝕黏膠2,再將該耐腐蝕黏膠2對準織物3上的耐 腐蝕保護層5後將耐腐蝕黏膠2與耐腐蝕保護層5相互黏合,然後施以加壓及加熱(即熱壓方式)將裝飾布4牢固地黏貼於織物3。
裝飾布4黏貼於織物3上後係形成了織物與布重疊的雙層結構,此時即可對位於上方的裝飾布4進行「燒花」處理;如第六圖所示,其處理方式,可以採用網印方式在裝飾布4上印上一層腐蝕層6,藉由該腐蝕層6對裝飾布4產生腐蝕作用;例如,可以利用具有腐蝕性質的三氯醋酸溶液做為該腐蝕層6,而且,當在裝飾布4上網印了該三氯醋酸溶液後,較佳地在125℃~135℃的溫度下對裝飾布4腐蝕15~25分鐘,以氧化裝飾布4所含的棉質纖維素,進而破壞非結晶區域結構,使其斷裂而容易剝離。此外,亦可利用對於纖維素具有氧化效用的強氧化酸做為所述腐蝕層6,例如硝酸(HNO3)、濃硫酸(H2SO4)、高錳酸(H2MnO4)、次氯酸(HClO)、氯酸(HClO3),溴酸(HBrO3)、亞硝酸、乙二酸(H2C2O4)、離子液體等,使纖維素的葡萄糖苷鍵受酸催化水解而斷裂,進而達到蝕刻燒花效果。
其中,前述的離子液體係利用氯離子與纖維素上的羥基反應形成氫鍵,以降低分子內的氫鍵作用力,使纖維素溶解於離子液體中,如下圖所示:
Figure 106109825-A0101-12-0008-3
其在反應中不會產生有害氣體,無味無汙染,易於分離回收,可取代 有機溶劑以改善環保問題。
最後,通過一清洗製程對該黏貼了裝飾布4且進行腐蝕後的織物3先進行水洗以去除該腐蝕層6;而後再進行皂洗以剝離裝飾布4經腐蝕後多餘的布料,即可獲得在織物3上具備預定圖案、形狀或文字等的裝飾布(如第七圖所示)。
《實施例2》
本發明的第2種實施例基本上相同於前述的第1實施例,僅在將裝飾布4黏貼於織物3上的方式有所差異;其差異處係在將離型紙1上的耐腐蝕黏膠黏貼於裝飾布後,先以數位雕刻機將該裝飾布4連同離型紙1裁切出所需要的形狀後,再將該離型紙1剝離,然後以熱壓貼合方式將裝飾布4黏貼於織物3上的耐腐蝕保護層;其他製程由於和前述第1實施例相同,故不再贅述。
此外,本發明亦可以第八圖所示之製造流程取代第一圖所示之製造流程;其中,如第八圖所示,本發明提供的在織物上形成立體裝飾布的製造方法的另一種方式,可以直接提供一耐腐蝕黏膠,該耐腐蝕黏膠係包含有PUR熱熔膠及碳酸氫鈉(Na2CO3)之鹼液,該PUR熱熔膠與碳酸氫鈉之比例可依實際之需要而定,在本發明中並不必要加以限制;此外,針對尼龍織物可能受到溢出之黏膠的影響而變黃,本發明可以進一步在黏膠中添加抗黃變助劑。
然後將要結合於織物上的裝飾布直接塗佈該耐腐蝕黏膠,再以熱轉印方式(即加熱及加壓)將裝飾布上的耐腐蝕黏膠黏貼於欲固定於織物的一表面。接下來在欲結合裝飾布的織物的一表面上以網印方式刮印形 成一耐腐蝕保護層;該耐腐蝕保護層的輪廓可以對應於裝飾布的輪廓;該耐腐蝕保護層同樣含有碳酸氫鈉之鹼性成分。然後再將裝飾布結合於織物3上。
裝飾布黏貼於織物上後係形成了織物與布重疊的雙層結構,此時即可對位於上方的裝飾布進行「燒花」處理;其處理方式,可以採用網印方式在裝飾布上印上一層腐蝕層,藉由該腐蝕層對裝飾布產生腐蝕作用;例如,可以利用具有腐蝕性質的三氯醋酸溶液做為該腐蝕層,而且,當在裝飾布上網印了該三氯醋酸溶液後,較佳地在125℃~135℃的溫度下對裝飾布腐蝕15~25分鐘,以氧化裝飾布所含的棉質纖維素,進而破壞非結晶區域結構,使其斷裂而容易剝離。此外,亦可利用對於纖維素具有氧化效用的強氧化酸做為所述腐蝕層,例如硝酸(HNO3)、濃硫酸(H2SO4)、高錳酸(H2MnO4)、次氯酸(HClO)、氯酸(HClO3),溴酸(HBrO3)、亞硝酸、乙二酸(H2C2O4)、離子液體等,使纖維素的葡萄糖苷鍵受酸催化水解而斷裂,進而達到蝕刻燒花效果。
最後,通過一清洗製程對該黏貼了裝飾布且進行腐蝕後的織物先進行水洗以去除該腐蝕層;而後再進行皂洗以剝離裝飾布經腐蝕後多餘的布料,即可獲得在織物上具備預定圖案、形狀或文字等的裝飾布。
以上所述者僅為用以解釋本發明之較佳實施例,並非企圖具以對本發明做任何形式上之限制,是以,凡有在相同之發明精神下所作有關本發明之任何修飾或變更,皆仍應包括在本發明意圖保護之範疇。

Claims (6)

  1. 一種在織物上形成立體裝飾布的製造方法,包括:提供一耐腐蝕黏膠;提供一裝飾布,將該耐腐蝕黏膠黏貼於該裝飾布的一表面;提供一織物,在該織物的一表面形成一耐腐蝕保護層,再以熱壓貼合方式將該裝飾布的該耐腐蝕黏膠黏貼於該織物的該耐腐蝕保護層上;提供一腐蝕層,將該腐蝕層以網印方式形成在該裝飾布上,並且在125℃~135℃的溫度下對該裝飾布腐蝕15~25分鐘,以氧化該裝飾布所含的棉質纖維素,進而破壞非結晶區域結構,使其斷裂而易剝離;以及提供一清洗製程,對該黏貼了裝飾布且進行腐蝕後的織物依序進行水洗及皂洗,以去除該腐蝕層及剝離腐蝕後多餘的布料。
  2. 依據申請專利範圍第1項所述之在織物上形成立體裝飾布的製造方法,其中,該耐腐蝕黏膠係以網印方式塗佈在一離型紙上,並將該耐腐蝕黏膠烘乾,該離型紙上的該耐腐蝕黏膠黏貼以該熱轉印方式塗佈於該裝飾布的表面。
  3. 依據申請專利範圍第1或2項所述之在織物上形成立體裝飾布的製造方法,其中,該耐腐蝕黏膠包含有PUR熱熔膠及碳酸氫鈉(Na2CO3)之鹼液。
  4. 依據申請專利範圍第3項所述之在織物上形成立體裝飾布的製造方法,其中,該腐蝕層係為三氯醋酸、硝酸(HNO3)、濃硫酸(H2SO4)、高錳酸(H2MnO4)、次氯酸(HClO)、氯酸(HClO3)、溴酸(HBrO3)、亞硝酸、乙二酸(H2C2O4)溶液或離子液體。
  5. 依據申請專利範圍第4項所述之在織物上形成立體裝飾布的製造方法,其 中,該耐腐蝕保護層係以網印方式刮印在該織物的表面,且該耐腐蝕保護層的輪廓係對應該裝飾布的輪廓。
  6. 依據申請專利範圍第4項所述之在織物上形成立體裝飾布的製造方法,其中,將該離型紙上的耐腐蝕黏膠黏貼於該織物後,係以數位雕刻機將該裝飾布連同該離型紙裁切出預定之形狀後,再將該離型紙剝離,然後以熱壓貼合方式將該裝飾布黏貼於該織物上的該耐腐蝕保護層。
TW106109825A 2017-03-23 2017-03-23 在織物上形成立體裝飾布的製造方法 TWI716569B (zh)

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