TWI712353B - Automatic pinning mechanism and pinning method of PCB numerical control machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

An automatic pinning mechanism for a PCB numerical control machine tool, comprising a pinning assembly, a pin box fixing seat and a pin box. The pinning assembly includes a mechanism mounting plate. The mechanism mounting plate is located near the top of the bakelite worktable. There is an up-and-down driving device. The side of the mechanism mounting plate near the bakelite workbench near the bottom is provided with a sliding connection plate through a sliding part. The up and down driving device is connected to the sliding connection plate and drives the sliding connection plate up and down along the sliding part. mobile. The invention also discloses a method for automatically pinning a PCB numerical control machine tool.

Description

Automatic pinning mechanism and pinning method of PCB numerical control machine tool

The invention belongs to the field of PCB processing and manufacturing, and specifically relates to an automatic pinning mechanism and a pinning method for a PCB numerically controlled machine tool.

The current PCB pinning on the market is to first use the spindle to drill the bakelite board on the workbench, and then the operator drives the pin into the pin hole on the bakelite board to prevent the PCB from being biased during the processing. Factors such as shifting or warping edges or rotation will affect the quality of the product after processing. This series of manual operations will take most of the personnel's time, which is time-consuming and efficient. Moreover, as the types of PCBs processed on the bakelite board increase in the future, there will be more and more pin holes on the bakelite board. Later, the operator will not find the pin holes that have been punched, or it is difficult to find, which greatly affects the processing. effectiveness.

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an automatic pinning mechanism and a pinning method for PCB numerical control machine tools in view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, which can realize the automation and precision of the whole process of pinning, and can greatly improve the automation degree of the machine tool. At the same time improve production efficiency and effectiveness.

The technical scheme adopted by the present invention is: an automatic pinning mechanism for PCB numerical control machine tools, including several pinning components arranged at positions where the moving component of the PCB numerical control machine tool is close to the drilling component and which can move horizontally with the moving component of the PCB numerical control machine tool , A number of bakelite workbenches set on the PCB numerical control machine tool at one end away from the moving assembly and corresponding to the pin box fixing bases of the plurality of pinning assemblies and the pin box set on the top of each pin box fixing base, so The pin assembly includes a mechanism mounting plate connected to the moving assembly of the PCB numerical control machine tool. The mechanism mounting plate is provided with an up-and-down driving device on the side close to the bakelite worktable near the top, and the mechanism mounting plate works close to the bakelite board. One side of the table near the bottom is provided with a sliding connecting plate through a sliding part, the upper and lower driving device is connected with the sliding connecting plate and driving the sliding connecting plate to move up and down along the sliding part, and the lower surface of the sliding connecting plate is provided with a pressing mechanism A chuck is provided below the pressing mechanism body with a certain distance from the lower surface of the pressing mechanism body, and a guide rod extending into the inside of the chuck is provided inside the pressing mechanism body, and the top of the pressing mechanism body It is provided with a pressing driving device which is connected with the guide rod and drives the guide rod to move up and down in the pressing mechanism body and the chuck. The side of the pressing mechanism body away from the sliding connection plate is provided with the chuck connected and drives the chuck to open and Closed gripper drive device.

In one embodiment, the upper and lower driving device is at least one of a hydraulic mechanism, a motor screw assembly, a linear motor, a cylinder, an electric push rod, a rack and pinion assembly, or a worm gear assembly.

In one embodiment, the sliding component is at least one of a ball slider and guide rail assembly, a cylindrical guide rail and slider assembly, a V-shaped guide rail and slider assembly, or a dovetail guide rail and slider assembly.

In one of the embodiments, a guide bearing is provided inside the pressing mechanism body at a position outside the guide rod.

In one of the embodiments, the downward pressure driving device is at least one of a hydraulic mechanism, a motor screw assembly, a linear motor, a cylinder, an electric push rod, a rack and pinion assembly, or a worm gear assembly.

In one embodiment, the gripper driving device is at least one of a hydraulic mechanism, a motor screw assembly, a linear motor, an air cylinder, an electric push rod, a rack and pinion assembly, or a worm gear assembly.

In one of the embodiments, the chuck includes a first chuck and a second chuck, and the first chuck includes a first connecting portion and a first clamping portion that are connected to each other. The hand drive device is connected, one side of the first clamping portion away from the first connection portion is provided with a first clamping hole, and the second clamping head includes a second connection portion and a second clamping portion connected to each other , The second connecting portion is connected to the gripping hand driving device, one of the ends of the second gripping portion away from the second connecting portion is provided with a second gripping hole, the first gripping hole and the second gripper The holding holes are arranged opposite to each other. When the first chuck and the second chuck are closed under the drive of the chuck hand drive device, a pinchable pin is formed between the first clamping hole and the second clamping hole. The clamping cavity in which the guide rod moves.

In one of the embodiments, the tops of the first clamping portion and the second clamping portion of the first chuck and the second chuck are respectively provided with a first guiding portion and a second guiding portion, the first guiding portion and The guiding surfaces of the second guiding part are arranged oppositely.

The invention also discloses a method for automatically pinning a PCB numerically controlled machine tool. Including the following steps: a. Detect the PCB after drilling through the detection component set on the PCB CNC machine tool. If the pin hole meets the drilling requirements, return to the drilling step, if it meets the drilling requirements, go to step b; b. PCB The moving component of the numerical control machine tool drives the pin component to move to the top of the pin box, the gripper driving device drives the chuck to open, and enters step c; c. The upper and lower driving device pushes the sliding connecting plate down, and the gripper drive device drives the chuck to close, and The head clamps the pin, the upper and lower driving device pulls the sliding connecting plate to move up under the guidance of the sliding part, and enters step d; d. The moving component of the PCB CNC machine tool drives the pin component to move to the designated pin hole, and the upper and lower driving device pushes and slides Move the connecting plate down, send the lower part of the pin into the pin hole, and enter step e; e. Press down the driving device to drive the guide rod to strike the top of the pin up and down. After the pin enters the pin hole and does not fall off, stop the strike and enter the step f; f. Repeat steps b-step e, until all the designated pin holes of the PCB are driven into pins, and enter step g; g. Check the pin striking effect in all designated pin holes of the PCB through the detection component. If the striking effect is qualified, the pin will be hit At the end, if the striking effect is unqualified, the unqualified pin information is obtained, and the pinning component is moved to the top of the pin and step e is repeated until the detection is qualified and the pinning is over.

In one embodiment, the detection component is at least one of a CCD camera component, a metal sensor component, an infrared sensor component, or an optical fiber sensor component one of them.

The beneficial effect of the present invention is that: the present invention is aimed at optimizing the efficiency of PCB fixing links. The method of PCB fixing pins is manually searched for pins, and pins are all pulled by an automated mechanism grafted on the internal coordinate system of the machine tool. Realize, this can omit the time spent by personnel in pinning and finding pin holes, and can be used for multi-axis equipment, flexible and multi-purpose, reducing the time spent by personnel at this stage, improving the work efficiency of personnel and equipment, and reducing Auxiliary loss.

1: mobile components

2: Drilling component

3: Bakelite workbench

4: Pin box fixing seat

5: Pin box

6: Mechanism mounting plate

7: Up and down drive device

8: Sliding parts

9: Sliding connection plate

10: Press down the body

11: Chuck

12: guide rod

13: Down drive device

14: Hand drive device

15: Guide bearing

111: First Chuck

112: second chuck

113: clamping cavity

1111: The first connecting part

1112: The first clamping part

1113: The first clamping hole

1114: The first guide

1121: The second connecting part

1122: The second clamping part

1123: second clamping hole

1124: second guide

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the present invention and a PCB numerical control machine tool; Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention; Figure 4 is an exploded view of the present invention; Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mechanism mounting plate of the present invention; Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the sliding connection plate of the present invention; 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the pressing mechanism body of the present invention; FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the chuck of the present invention; FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of the first chuck of the present invention; FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the structure of the second chuck of the present invention.

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.

As shown in Figures 1 to 10, an automatic pinning mechanism for a PCB numerical control machine tool includes several moving components 1 arranged on the PCB numerical control machine tool near the drilling component 2 and can move horizontally with the moving component 1 of the PCB numerical control machine tool Pinning components, several bakelite workbenches 3 arranged on the PCB numerically controlled machine tool at one end away from the moving assembly 1 and corresponding to the several pin box fixing seats 4, and the pin box fixing seats 4 arranged on each of the pin box fixing seats 4 The pin box 5 on the top. The pin assembly includes a mechanism mounting plate 6 connected to the moving assembly 1 of the PCB numerical control machine tool. The mechanism mounting plate 6 is close to the top of the bakelite worktable 3 and has an upper and lower position. Driving device 7, the position of the mechanism mounting board 6 near the bottom of the bakelite workbench 3 is provided with a sliding connecting plate 9 through a sliding member 8. The upper and lower driving devices 7 are connected to the sliding connecting plate 9 and drive sliding connection The plate 9 moves up and down along the sliding member 8. The lower surface of the sliding connecting plate 9 is provided with a pressing mechanism body 10, and the lower pressing mechanism body 10 is provided with a chuck 11 at a certain distance from the lower surface of the pressing mechanism body 10. , The pressing mechanism body 10 is provided with a guide rod 12 extending to the inside of the chuck 11, and the top of the pressing mechanism body 10 is connected with the guide rod 12 and the driving guide rod 12 is in the pressing mechanism body 10 and the chuck. A pressing driving device 13 that moves up and down inside 11 is provided with a gripping driving device 14 that is connected to the chuck 11 and drives the chuck 11 to open and close on the side of the pressing mechanism body 10 away from the sliding connecting plate 9.

In this embodiment, the upper and lower driving device 7 is a hydraulic mechanism, a motor screw assembly, a linear motor, an air cylinder, an electric push rod, a rack and pinion assembly, or a worm gear At least one of the components.

In this embodiment, the sliding component 8 is at least one of a ball slider and guide rail assembly, a cylindrical guide rail and slider assembly, a V-shaped guide rail and slider assembly, or a dovetail guide rail and slider assembly.

In this embodiment, a guide bearing 15 is provided inside the pressing mechanism body 10 outside the guide rod 12.

In this embodiment, the press-down driving device 13 is at least one of a hydraulic mechanism, a motor screw assembly, a linear motor, a cylinder, an electric push rod, a rack and pinion assembly, or a worm gear assembly.

In this embodiment, the gripper driving device 14 is at least one of a hydraulic mechanism, a motor screw assembly, a linear motor, an air cylinder, an electric push rod, a rack and pinion assembly, or a worm gear assembly.

In this embodiment, the chuck 11 includes a first chuck 111 and a second chuck 112, and the first chuck 111 includes a first connecting portion 1111 and a first clamping portion 1112 that are connected to each other. A connecting portion 1111 is connected to the gripping hand driving device 14, the first gripping portion 1112 has a first gripping hole 1113 at one of its ends away from the first connecting portion 1111, and the second gripping head 112 includes interconnecting The second connecting portion 1121 and the second clamping portion 1122, the second connecting portion 1121 is connected to the gripping driving device 14, and one of the ends of the second clamping portion 1122 away from the second connecting portion 1121 is opened The second clamping hole 1123, the first clamping hole 1113 and the second clamping hole 1123 are arranged oppositely, when the first chuck 111 and the second chuck 112 are closed under the driving of the clamping hand driving device 14 The first clamping hole 1113 and the second clamping hole 1123 are formed between A clamping cavity 113 capable of clamping the pin and allowing the guide rod 12 to move inside.

In this embodiment, the tops of the first clamping portion 1112 and the second clamping portion 1122 of the first chuck 111 and the second chuck 112 are respectively provided with a first guide portion 1114 and a second guide portion 1124. The guiding surfaces of the first guiding portion 1114 and the second guiding portion 1124 are arranged opposite to each other.

This mechanism is based on a PCB numerical control machine tool, the automatic pinning mechanism is set on the moving assembly 1 of the PCB numerical control machine tool, the pin box fixing seat 4 is set on the side of the bakelite table 3 of the PCB numerical control machine tool, and the pin box 5 is fixed to Inside the pin box fixing seat 4.

The pin box fixing seat 4 can be connected with the bakelite worktable 3 of the PCB numerical control machine tool, and the shape and size are subject to the pin box 5 that can be fixed. The shape and size of the pin box 5 are determined according to PCB parameters and striking requirements. The mechanism mounting plate 6, the sliding connecting plate 9 and the pressing mechanism body 10 only need to be able to connect various components, and the shape and size of the mechanism can be adjusted according to actual conditions.

The up and down drive device 7, the down pressure drive device 13, and the gripper drive device 14 of the mechanism are at least one of the hydraulic mechanism, the motor screw assembly, the linear motor, the air cylinder, the electric push rod, the rack and pinion assembly, or the worm and worm assembly. One; the hydraulic mechanism, the motor screw assembly, the linear motor, the cylinder, the electric push rod, the gear rack assembly or the worm gear assembly are all the prior art, which will not be described separately in this application. At the same time, the model and performance of the above-mentioned driving device are determined according to comprehensive factors such as the performance of the PCB numerically controlled machine tool, the PCB parameters, and the pin parameters, which are not described separately in this application. However, the up-and-down drive device 7, the press-down drive device 13, and the gripper drive device 14 are not limited to the above-mentioned drive devices. In addition, the existing conventional linear drive device and the drive device that converts rotation into linear motion are also used as the drive device of this mechanism.

The sliding part 8 of the mechanism is at least one of ball slider and guide rail assembly, cylindrical guide rail and slider assembly, V-shaped guide rail and slider group, or dovetail guide rail and slider assembly; the above ball slider and guide rail assembly, cylindrical guide rail The slider assembly, the V-shaped guide rail and the slider assembly, or the dovetail guide rail and the slider assembly are all existing technologies, and will not be described separately in this application. At the same time, the model and performance of the sliding component 8 are determined according to comprehensive factors such as the performance of the PCB numerically controlled machine tool, the PCB parameters, and the pin parameters, which are not described separately in this application. However, the sliding member 8 of this mechanism is limited to the above-mentioned components, and various existing precision or non-precision guide mechanisms can be used as the sliding member of this mechanism.

When pinning, the automatic pinning mechanism moves through the moving assembly 1 of the PCB numerical control machine tool. The moving component 1 of the PCB numerical control machine tool drives the automatic pinning mechanism to move above the pin box 5, and the gripper driving device 14 drives the chuck 11 to open; the upper and lower driving device 7 pushes the sliding connecting plate 9 to move down under the guidance of the sliding part 8; The hand drive device 14 drives the chuck 11 to close, the chuck 11 clamps the pin, the up and down drive device 7 pulls the sliding connecting plate 9 to move up under the guidance of the sliding part 8; the moving assembly 1 of the PCB CNC machine tool drives the automatic pinning mechanism to move to Above the corresponding pin hole, the up and down drive device 7 pushes the sliding connecting plate 9 to move down under the guidance of the sliding part 8, and sends the lower part of the pin into the pin hole; the down drive device 13 drives the guide rod 12 to move up and down to hit the top of the pin; repeat; The above steps, until all the designated pin holes of the PCB are driven into pins.

The invention also discloses a method for automatically pinning a PCB numerically controlled machine tool. Including the following steps: Step 1. Detect the PCB after drilling through the detection component set on the PCB CNC machine tool. If the pin hole meets the drilling requirements, return to the drilling step. If it meets the drilling requirements, go to Step 2. Step 2. , The moving component of the PCB numerical control machine tool drives the pin component to move to the top of the pin box, the gripper drive device drives the chuck to open, and enters step three; step three, the up and down drive device pushes the sliding connecting plate down, and the gripper drive device drives the chuck Close, the chuck clamps the pin, the upper and lower drive device pulls the sliding connecting plate to move up under the guidance of the sliding part, and enters step four; step four, the moving component of the PCB CNC machine tool drives the pin component to move to the designated pin hole, up and down The driving device pushes the sliding connecting plate to move down, and sends the lower part of the pin into the pin hole, and enters step 5; step 5, presses down the driving device to drive the guide rod to strike the top of the pin up and down. After the pin enters the pin hole for a qualified length and does not fall off, Stop hitting and go to step 6; step 6, repeat steps 2 to 5 until all the designated pin holes of the PCB are driven with pins, and go to step 7; step 7: check the pin hitting effect in all designated pin holes of the PCB through the detection component. If the striking effect is qualified, the pinning is finished, if the striking effect is unqualified, the unqualified pin information is obtained, the pinning component is moved to the top of the pin and step 5 is repeated until the test is qualified and the pinning is finished.

In this embodiment, the detection component is at least one of a CCD camera component, a metal sensor component, an infrared sensor component, or an optical fiber sensor component Kind.

The detection component in the pinning method is at least one of a CCD camera component, a metal sensor component, an infrared sensor component, or an optical fiber sensor component; the above-mentioned CCD camera component, metal sensor component, infrared sensor component or optical fiber sensor component are all prior art , This application will not repeat it separately. At the same time, the model and performance of the aforementioned detection components are determined according to comprehensive factors such as the performance of the PCB numerically controlled machine tool, PCB parameters, and pin parameters, and this application will not repeat them separately.

In the present application, the chuck 11 is in the form of two jaws, but in actual use, it is not limited to two jaws, and the chuck 11 with three jaws, four jaws and five jaws can all be connected with the chuck driving device 14. Moreover, the structure of the pin box 5 is not limited to the flat plate type disclosed in this application, and the pin strips and the arranged magazine-type pin library can also meet the demand.

The above-mentioned embodiments only express the specific implementation of the present invention, and the description is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be understood as a limitation to the patent scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several modifications and improvements can be made, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

4: Pin box fixing seat

5: Pin box

6: Mechanism mounting plate

7: Up and down drive device

8: Sliding parts

9: Sliding connection plate

10: Press down the body

11: Chuck

13: Down drive device

14: Hand drive device

Claims (10)

An automatic pinning mechanism for a PCB numerical control machine tool, including several pinning components arranged at a position where a moving component of the PCB numerical control machine tool is close to the drilling component and which can move horizontally with the moving component of the PCB numerical control machine tool, and several setting on the PCB numerical control machine tool The bakelite workbench is far away from the moving assembly and corresponds to the pin box fixing seats of the plurality of pin box fixing seats and the pin box set on the top of each of the pin box fixing seats, and the pin box fixing seat includes a PCB numerical control machine tool The mechanism mounting plate connected to the moving assembly of the mechanism mounting plate is provided with an upper and lower driving device at a position close to the top of the bakelite worktable, and a position near the bottom of the mechanism mounting plate close to the bakelite worktable passes The sliding member is provided with a sliding connecting plate, the upper and lower driving device is connected with the sliding connecting plate and driving the sliding connecting plate to move up and down along the sliding member, the lower surface of the sliding connecting plate is provided with a pressing mechanism body, and the lower pressing mechanism body A chuck is provided with a certain distance from the lower surface of the pressing mechanism body, the pressing mechanism body is provided with a guide rod extending into the inside of the chuck, and the top of the pressing mechanism body is provided with a guide rod connected and a driving guide A pressing driving device for the rod to move up and down in the pressing mechanism body and the chuck. The side of the pressing mechanism body away from the sliding connecting plate is provided with a chuck driving device connected with the chuck and driving the chuck to open and close. As described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, the automatic pinning mechanism of PCB numerical control machine tools, wherein the upper and lower driving devices are hydraulic mechanism, motor screw assembly, linear motor, air cylinder, electric push rod, gear rack assembly or worm gear At least one of the components. For example, the automatic pinning mechanism of PCB CNC machine tools described in the first item of the scope of patent application, wherein the sliding parts are ball slider and guide rail assembly, cylindrical guide rail and slider assembly, V-shaped guide rail and slider group or dovetail guide rail and sliding At least one of the block components. As described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, the automatic pinning mechanism of a CB numerically controlled machine tool is provided with a guide bearing at a position outside the guide rod inside the pressing mechanism body. As described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, the automatic pinning mechanism of PCB numerical control machine tools, wherein the downward driving device is a hydraulic mechanism, a motor screw assembly, a linear motor, an air cylinder, an electric push rod, a rack and pinion assembly, or a worm gear At least one of the rod assemblies. As described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, the automatic pinning mechanism of PCB CNC machine tools, wherein the gripper driving device is a hydraulic mechanism, a motor screw assembly, a linear motor, a cylinder, an electric push rod, a rack and pinion assembly, or a worm gear At least one of the rod assemblies. As described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, the automatic pinning mechanism of the PCB numerical control machine tool, wherein the chuck includes a first chuck and a second chuck, and the first chuck includes a first connecting portion and a first connecting portion that are connected to each other. A clamping part, the first connection part is connected with the gripping hand driving device, one of the first clamping parts is far away from the first connection part, one side of the first clamping hole is opened, and the second clamping head includes A second connecting portion and a second clamping portion that are connected to each other, the second connecting portion is connected to the gripper driving device, and one of the ends of the second clamping portion away from the second connecting portion is provided with a second clamping portion Hole, the first clip The holding hole and the second holding hole are arranged opposite to each other. When the first chuck and the second chuck are closed under the drive of the holding hand driving device, the first holding hole and the second holding hole are formed between A clamping cavity for clamping the pin and allowing the guide rod to move inside. As described in item 7 of the scope of patent application, the automatic pinning mechanism of PCB numerical control machine tools, wherein the first clamping part and the top of the second clamping part of the first chuck and the second chuck are respectively provided with a first guide part And the second guiding portion, the guiding surfaces of the first guiding portion and the second guiding portion are arranged opposite to each other. A method for automatically pinning a PCB numerically controlled machine tool includes the following steps: a. Detecting the PCB after the drilling is completed through a detection component set on the PCB numerically controlled machine tool. If the pin hole meets the drilling requirements, return to the drilling step, if it meets the drilling Requirements, go to step b; b. The moving component of the PCB CNC machine tool drives the pin assembly to move to the top of the pin box, and the gripper driving device drives the chuck to open, and then enters step c; c. The up and down driving device pushes the sliding connecting plate down to clamp The hand drive device drives the chuck to close, the chuck clamps the pin, the up and down drive device pulls the sliding connecting plate to move up under the guidance of the sliding part, and enters step d; d. The moving component of the PCB CNC machine tool drives the pin component to move to the specified Above the pin hole, the upper and lower driving device pushes the sliding connecting plate down, and sends the lower part of the pin into the pin hole, and enters step e; e. Press down the drive device to drive the guide rod to strike the top of the pin up and down until the pin enters the pin hole for a qualified length and After it does not fall off, stop hitting and go to step f; f. Repeat steps b-step e until all the designated pin holes of the PCB are driven with pins and enter step g; and g. Check the pin striking effect in all designated pin holes of the PCB through the detection component. If the striking effect is qualified, the pinning is finished If the striking effect is unqualified, obtain the unqualified pin information, move the pinning component to the top of the pin and repeat step e until the detection is qualified and the pinning is finished. As described in item 9 of the scope of patent application, the method for automatically pinning a PCB numerically controlled machine tool, wherein the detection component is at least one of a CCD camera component, a metal sensor component, an infrared sensor component or an optical fiber sensor component.

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