TWI695751B - 偵測刀具內部流體管道是否阻塞之偵測系統 - Google Patents
偵測刀具內部流體管道是否阻塞之偵測系統 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本發明主要涉及一種偵測系統(10),該系統用於偵測刀具(12)之至少一個內部流體管道(11)是否存在部分或全部堵塞,其特徵在於系統(10)包括:一個氣動迴路(13),用於連接在上述刀具(12)的該內部流體管道(11)的上游,一個壓力源(16),藉由一個電磁閥(17)與上述氣動迴路(13)相連接,及一個控制單元(22),組態用來以向上述氣動迴路(13)施壓的方式打開上述電磁閥(17),然後讓氣動迴路(13)藉由上述內部流體管道(11)自由排空,用此種方式關閉上述電磁閥(17),及對上述氣動迴路(13)中的壓力變化進行時間分析,以偵測上述內部流體管道(11)阻塞狀態。
Description
本發明涉及偵測刀具至少一個內部管道是否部分或全部阻塞之偵測系統。本發明發現了一種特別具有優勢的應用,但是並非專屬應用,用於檢查加工刀具,具有一個或多個內部管道,用於向刀具功能元件供應潤滑或冷凍流體,液體或氣體性質,例如潤滑油、油乳、包括空氣及油的油霧或其他。
文件EP2320199提到一種實施方法,可藉由在導管中使用流量計偵測微粒集塊。系統會察覺流量之突然變化,並當流量超出預計限制時發出警報。以類比之方式,FR2851819介紹了靜電流量計,雙相量測流動的顆粒粒子數量。偵測元件被佈置在管狀偵測元件中。
然而,當刀具配有小截面內部管道之情況下,此類系統可偵測到管道完全阻塞的情況,但無法偵測到部分阻塞之情況,因為洩漏量過少,無法被偵測出來。此是由於標準流量計之量測精度有限造成的。如此就存在不能偵測到小截面內部管道的部分堵塞,而部分堵塞亦可能會妨礙刀具的運作,從而降低生產鏈效率。
此外,文件DE102006052602、DE102007016326及FR2972952,描述藉由將量測壓力與參考壓力曲線比對來偵測刀具內部管道是否阻塞的工藝流程。然而,此等工藝流程基於特定組態下進行之壓力量測,而特定組態的量測精度不夠精確,因此無法偵測到小截面管道的部分阻塞。
本發明旨在有效彌補此等缺陷,提供一種偵測刀具至少一個內部流體管道是否部分或全部阻塞之偵測系統,其特徵在於該系統包括:一個氣動迴路,用於連接在上述刀具的該內部管道的上游,一個壓力源,藉由一個電磁閥與上述氣動迴路相連接,及一個控制單元,組態用來以向上述氣動迴路施壓的方式打開上述電磁閥,然後讓氣動迴路藉由上述內部管道自由排空,用此種方式關閉上述電磁閥,及電磁閥關閉後根據對上述氣動迴路中的壓力變化進行時間分析,以偵測上述內部管道阻塞狀態。
以及,藉由分析氣動迴路中壓力之時間變化(該時間變化與待偵測的負荷損失部分成比例)本發明能夠保證刀具內部小截面管道的一致性。此情況對使用微量潤滑或微量油噴霧或MQL(即英文的「Minimum Quantity Lubrication」(最小量潤滑))的刀具尤為重要,因為對此等刀具而言,傳輸潤滑流體之管道是否存在阻塞會影響相應設備之運行效率。
根據一個實施例,壓力變化時間分析是指量測上述氣動迴路在關閉上述電磁閥後重新恢復到大氣壓所需之時間。
根據一個實施例,壓力變化時間分析是指量測關閉電磁閥時的壓力及關閉上述電磁閥關閉後流動一段時間後排出的壓力之間的壓力差。
根據一個實施例,壓力變化時間分析是指關閉上述電磁閥後,上述氣動迴路達到一個固定目標壓力所需之時間。
根據一個實施例,上述固定目標壓力大於大氣壓、小於上述壓
力源壓力。
根據一個實施例,壓力變化時間分析是指判定上述氣動迴路中關閉上述電磁閥後,壓力隨時間變化的曲線斜率導數。
根據一個實施例,此外,上述系統還包括一個電子晶片讀取器,用於自動識別是否需要檢查包括內部管道的上述刀具。
10:偵測系統
11:內部流體管道
12:刀具
13:氣動迴路
16:壓力源
17:電磁閥
20:壓力開關
21:電動操控部件
22:控制單元
25:操控介面
26:接收模組
29:電子晶片讀取器
30:微控制器
31:人機介面
藉由閱讀下文的描述並研究其附圖,可更好地理解本發明。附圖僅作為本發明的說明,而沒有任何限制作用。
圖1為依據本發明的,偵測刀具內部管道是否部分或全部堵塞之偵測系統示意圖。
圖2a到2d顯示了氣動迴路內不同類型的壓力變化的時間分析,此等壓力變化都由依據本發明的刀具內部管道部分或全部堵塞偵測系統進行。
相同、類似或類比的元件,在各圖中使用相同的參考編號。
圖1顯示例如加工刀具之類的刀具12的至少一個內部流體管道11部分或全部堵塞之偵測系統10。例如,待檢查之內部流體管道11用於向刀具的功能元件供應潤滑流體,例如油、油乳或空氣及油組成之油霧。系統10同樣可用於檢查低溫加工刀具12,刀具包括至少一個內部流體管道11,管道內流通的是氮基之類的冷凍流體。
較佳地,在刀具12進行的加工操作之外運用系統10,亦即,首先需要將刀具12從其所屬的設備上拆卸下來,再安裝在系統10上,用於檢查內部流體管道11。換言之,系統10屬於一個生產工作站的附件。然而,備選方案中,系統10可整合至包括有刀具12之加工設備中。
如此,系統10包括有連接在刀具12內部流體管道11上游的氣動迴
路13。一個壓力源16,藉由一個電磁閥17與氣動迴路13相連接。一個壓力開關20,可提供氣動迴路13內部的流體主導壓力值。
此外,系統10還含有一個電動操控部件21,該電動操控部件具有一個控制單元22,與一個可用於操控電磁閥17的操控介面25相接觸,還與一個用於接收來自壓力開關20的資料的接收模組26相接觸。電動部件21還可包括一個電子晶片讀取器29,例如RFID(射頻識別)類型的讀取器,用於自動識別具有內部流體管道11之刀具12是否需要檢查。控制單元22包括其他裝置,例如微控制器30,用於確保處理及分析所收集的壓力資料;及一個人機介面31,該介面可包括一個顯示螢幕及一個鍵盤或一個接觸螢幕,從而實現操作人員與系統10之交互。
參考圖2a,吾人將在下文更詳細地描述偵測刀具12之內部流體管道11是否部分或全部堵塞的偵測系統10的運作。
在時間點t0及t1之間,控制單元22藉由介面25,以向氣動迴路13施加壓力的方式,控制打開電磁閥17。時間點t1及t2之間,迴路13中的壓力趨於穩定,幾乎等於壓力源16的壓力Ps。
從時間點t2開始,控制單元22,藉由介面25,以讓迴路13藉由待偵測內部流體管道11自由排空的方式,關閉電磁閥17。
由此,根據電磁閥17關閉後讓迴路13重新回到大氣壓Pa的時間,控制單元22偵測出內部流體管道11之堵塞狀態。
因此,在內部流體管道11沒有堵塞的情況下,氣動迴路13很快可恢復到大氣壓Pa(參見時間段T1),正如曲線C1所示。在內部流體管道11被部分堵塞之情況下,因為管道負荷的損失會使流動放慢,所以迴路13較慢地回到大氣壓Pa(參見時間段T2),正如曲線C2所示。在內部流體管道11完全被堵塞之情況下,由於管道內無法流動,迴路13壓力不變,正如曲線C3所示。由於不存在流動,那麼時間段T3為無限長。在此種情況下,在根據待偵測內部流體管道11的用途、特別是其
尺寸所校準的參考期限後,仍然沒有達到大氣壓Pa,則控制單元22便會偵測到內部流體管道11已全部堵塞。
在圖2b所示之實施例備選項中,氣動迴路13中的氣壓穩定後,控制單元22量測電磁閥17關閉時的壓力及一段時間Tsec(例如Tsec可能為數秒,從電磁閥17關閉開始計時)之後的壓力之間的差值ΔP。因此,吾人發現,在內部流體管道11未堵塞的情況下,該壓力差較大(如差值ΔP1),正如曲線C1所示。在內部流體管道11部分堵塞之情況下,由於管道負荷之損失使流動變緩,該壓力差較小(如差值ΔP2),正如曲線C2所示。在內部流體管道11完全堵塞之情況下,由於不存在任何流動,該壓力差為零(如壓差ΔP3),正如曲線C3所示。
在圖2c所示之實施例備選項中,當氣動迴路13中的壓力穩定後,控制單元22量測關閉電磁閥17後氣動迴路13到達固定目標壓力Pc所需的時間。該固定目標壓力Pc大於大氣壓Pa、小於壓力源16的壓力Ps。此實施模式之優勢在於,相對於圖2a的實施模式,該模式運行起來更快。
因此,吾人發現,在內部流體管道11未堵塞之情況下,到達目標壓力Pc所需之時間較短(如時間段T1'),正如曲線C1所示。在內部流體管道11部分堵塞之情況下,由於管道負荷的損失使流動變緩,該時間較長(如差值T2'),正如曲線C2所示。吾人注意到,對於同樣的曲線C1及C2,T1'及T2'時間相對小於T1及T2。在內部流體管道11完全堵塞的情況下,由於不存在任何流動,該時間為無限長(如時間段T3'),正如曲線C3所示。在此種情況下,在根據待偵測內部流體管道11的用途、特別是其尺寸所校準的參考期限後,仍然沒有達到目標氣壓Pc,則控制單元22便會偵測到內部流體管道11已全部堵塞。
在圖2d所示之實施例備選項中,當氣動迴路13中的壓力穩定後,控制單元22判定:隨著電磁閥17關閉後的時間變化,氣動迴路13
內部的壓力變化曲線Ci的斜率導數ΔP/dt(Ci)。因此,吾人發現,在內部流體管道11未堵塞之情況下,該斜率較高(如斜率ΔP/dt(C1)),正如曲線C1所示。在內部流體管道11部分堵塞之情況下,由於管道負荷的損失使流動變緩,該斜率較小(如斜率ΔP/dt(C2)),正如曲線C2所示。在內部流體管道11完全堵塞之情況下,由於不存在任何流動,該斜率為零(如斜率ΔP/dt(C3)),正如曲線C3所示。
在所有考慮到的情況下,本發明根據氣動迴路13的壓力時間變化,該變化與待偵測的管道負荷損失(閉塞)成比例。本發明還可保證刀具12的內部流體管道11的一致性。此情況對使用微量潤滑或微量油噴霧或MQL(即英文的「Minimum Quantity Lubrication」(最小量潤滑))的刀具亦很重要,因為對此等刀具而言,傳輸潤滑流體之內部流體管道11是否存在阻塞會影響刀具12的運行效率。
10:偵測系統
11:內部流體管道
12:刀具
13:氣動迴路
16:壓力源
17:電磁閥
20:壓力開關
21:電動操控部件
22:控制單元
25:操控介面
26:接收模組
29:電子晶片讀取器
30:微控制器
31:人機介面
Claims (7)
- 一種偵測刀具(12)的至少一個內部流體管道(11)是否部分或全部堵塞之偵測系統(10),其特徵在於系統(10)包括:一個氣動迴路(13),用於連接在上述刀具(12)的該內部流體管道(11)的上游,一個壓力源(16),藉由一個電磁閥(17)與上述氣動迴路(13)相連接,及一個控制單元(22),組態用來以向上述氣動迴路(13)施壓的方式打開上述電磁閥(17),然後讓氣動迴路(13)藉由上述內部流體管道(11)自由排空,用此種方式關閉上述電磁閥(17),及電磁閥(17)關閉後根據上述氣動迴路(13)中的壓力變化進行時間分析,以偵測上述內部流體管道(11)阻塞狀態。
- 如請求項1之系統,其中,壓力變化時間分析是指量測上述氣動迴路(13)在關閉上述電磁閥(17)後重新回到大氣壓(Pa)所需的時間(T1-T3)。
- 如請求項1之系統,其中,壓力變化時間分析是指量測關閉電磁閥(17)時的壓力及從上述電磁閥(17)關閉起開始流動一段時間(Tsec)後的排出壓力之間的壓力差(ΔP1-ΔP3)。
- 如請求項1之系統,其中,壓力變化時間分析是指關閉上述電磁閥(17)後上述氣動迴路(13)達到一個固定的目標壓力(Pc)所需的時間(T1'-T3')。
- 如請求項4之系統,其中,上述固定目標壓力(Pc)大於大氣壓(Pa)、小於上述壓力源(16)壓力(Ps)。
- 如請求項1之系統,其中,壓力變化時間分析是指判定上述氣動 迴路(13)中關閉上述電磁閥(17)後壓力根據時間變化的曲線(C1-C3)的斜率導數(ΔP/dt(C1)-ΔP/dt(C3))。
- 如請求項1至6中任一項之系統,其中,上述系統還包括一個電子晶片讀取器(29),用於自動識別是否需要檢查包括內部流體管道(11)的上述刀具(12)。
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US11532474B2 (en) | 2019-08-12 | 2022-12-20 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Deposition of rhenium-containing thin films |
CN115555328A (zh) * | 2022-09-27 | 2023-01-03 | 厦门金瑞镒工贸有限公司 | 判断干冰清洗机出冰状态的方法、干冰清洗机及其喷头 |
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RU2017127271A3 (zh) | 2019-05-29 |
JP2022028773A (ja) | 2022-02-16 |
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TW201637771A (zh) | 2016-11-01 |
CN107405744A (zh) | 2017-11-28 |
WO2016110465A1 (fr) | 2016-07-14 |
US20180015583A1 (en) | 2018-01-18 |
JP2018503835A (ja) | 2018-02-08 |
RU2017127271A (ru) | 2019-02-08 |
ZA201705171B (en) | 2018-12-19 |
EP3243045A1 (fr) | 2017-11-15 |
FR3031388A1 (fr) | 2016-07-08 |
CN107405744B (zh) | 2020-10-09 |
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US10442049B2 (en) | 2019-10-15 |
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