TWI692305B - Soil improvement composition and method for promoting plant growth - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a soil improvement composition and a method for promoting plant growth, using probiotics The soil improvement composition composed of the mixed liquid of bacteria and the original liquid of the algae wall-breaking fermentation product can change the characteristics of the microbial flora, pH value, electrical conductivity, and effective components in the soil, and improve the amount of organic matter in the soil and the biological effectiveness of the soil. In turn, the absorption efficiency of plant roots is improved, which not only has rapid and long-term nitrogen supplementation during cultivation, but also suppresses the occurrence of diseases and insect pests.

Description

Soil improvement composition and method for promoting plant growth

The present invention relates to a soil improvement composition that can be used to improve the soil composition, in particular to a soil improvement composition including a fermented substance collected after the breaking of microalgae and probiotics, and promoting the plant by the composition Method of growth.

In general, whether it is cash crops such as cereals, melons, vegetables, or ornamental plants, the use of fertilizers is the most common and convenient method in order to make the number of flowering and fruiting and good quality. The most commonly used fertilizers traditionally belong to chemical fertilizers, but chemical fertilizers have a single fertilizer effect and are easy to cause environmental pollution. Long-term use will also cause soil damage and make the soil no longer suitable for the growth of crops or plants. Therefore, in order to enable the sustainable operation of agriculture, an agricultural production system that does not rely on a large amount of chemical fertilizers and chemical pesticides is necessary, so as to reduce the impact on the environment and ecology. In addition, the energy and cost of production can be reduced, but it can still maintain stability Yield and even increased income are the goals pursued by sustainable agriculture.

If agricultural production does not depend on chemical fertilizers, bio-fertilizers, organic fertilizers and mineral fertilizers need to be replaced, but the technology of using bio-fertilizers to promote the utilization efficiency of chemical and organic fertilizers is currently the most valued soil biotechnology. The earliest biological fertilizers were farmers who harvested vegetables and fruits and then burned them for cultivation. In recent years, they have used legumes and cereal crops for rotation. Biological fertilizer refers to a specific preparation containing microorganisms and metabolites of microorganisms with active microorganisms (including their dormant spores), such as bacteria, fungi, algae, etc., which have the effect of supplying plant nutrients, such as enhancing plant nutrients and elements Supply and total quantity, stimulate plant growth, or promote plant absorption of nutrients and elements. Therefore, find and use a rich The biological natural organic fertilizer that is easy to obtain or preserve will be an important issue in the development of soil biotechnology.

In addition, because of the promotion of refined agriculture, the land is overused, the nature of the soil is changed, resulting in decline in fertility, or the soil is poisoned by excessive fertilization and pesticide use, or it is caused by long-term fallow and waste hardening the soil, organic When the composition is changed, even if it can be reinforced by the subsequent application of a good-effect fertilizer, the effect of fertilizer application is limited when the congenital soil quality is poor, and it is easy to cause changes in plant hormones and affect the crop yield. Therefore, if a special soil improvement formula can be developed to increase the amount of soil organic matter and biological effectiveness, and combine the effectiveness of soil improvement and nutrient supply, not only can the basic ability of cultivated land cultivation be restored, but also the crop yield or quality can be improved. Achieve the purpose of land restoration, and then realize the concept of sustainable agriculture and the idea of organic agriculture.

One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a soil improvement composition capable of adjusting the three-phase soil and further changing the soil composition and other characteristics. With the composition of the present invention, the microbial phase in the soil can be improved, by which the original pH value, electrical conductivity, organic matter content, and the content of effective ingredients such as phosphorus, potassium, and calcium can be changed, and can be suppressed Pathogens in the soil enable plants to grow under suitable and favorable soil components, resulting in high-yield and high-quality crop products.

Another object of the present invention is to improve the soil composition while providing the organic nutrients needed for plant growth, that is, not only to improve the soil composition, but also to contain more nutrients at the same time, so that in future cultivation, the plant The growth is more rapid and robust.

In order to achieve the foregoing object, the present invention provides a soil improvement composition comprising: a stock solution of algae wall-breaking fermentation product; a probiotic mixed solution; and water, wherein the bacterial system in the probiotic mixed solution includes: photosynthetic bacteria ( photosynthetic bacteria), nitrifying bacteria (nitrifying bacteria), Bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis), lactic acid bacteria (Lactobacillus) and actinomycetes (Actinobacteria).

In an embodiment of the present invention, the algae wall-breaking fermentation product is prepared by the following method: adding a predetermined amount of microalgae to a pre-cultured microbial cell solution having a predetermined ratio with the microalgae for fermentation, Wherein, the bacterial cells in the bacterial cell solution can secrete cellulose hydrolyzing enzyme; after the microalgae is added, the bacterial cell secretes the cellulose hydrolyzing enzyme to hydrolyze the cell wall of the microalgae; and the microalgae is collected after the cell wall is hydrolyzed Formed one of the stock solutions of algae wall breaking ferment.

In an aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, in the soil improvement composition, the bacterial body may be bacteria or fungi.

In one aspect of the present invention, in the soil improvement composition, the fungus is Pleurotus eryngii ( Pleurotuseryngii ) or Pleurotusostreatus , but it is not limited thereto.

In an embodiment of the present invention, in the soil improvement composition, the microalgae may be Chlorella vulgaris , Chlorella protothecoides , and Chlorella protethecoides ( Chlorella pyrenoidosa ), Chlorella ellipsodiea , Chlorella minutissima or Chlorella protophila .

In an embodiment of the present invention, in the soil improvement composition, the original liquid phase of the algae wall-breaking fermentation product can occupy 0.5-2% (v/v) of water, and the probiotic mixed liquid phase Yushui can account for 1~3% (v/v). Preferably, the original liquid phase of the algae wall-breaking fermentation product accounts for about 1% (v/v) of the water system, and the probiotic mixed liquid phase accounts for about 2% (v/v) of the water system.

The invention also provides a method for soil improvement and plant growth promotion, comprising: pouring a soil improvement composition as described above on a land to be improved.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the method of soil improvement and plant growth promotion, wherein the soil improvement composition is 800-1200 liters per minute, preferably 900 to 1100 liters, more preferably 1000 liters.

With the soil improvement composition of the present invention, on the one hand, the microbial phase in the soil is improved, the original pH value, electrical conductivity, organic matter, and the content of effective ingredients such as phosphorus, potassium, and calcium are changed. On the one hand, the algae The rich organic compounds, especially amino acids, or other active ingredients in the ferment, provide the most suitable nutrients for future cultivation of crops or plants to promote their growth.

The embodiments of the present invention will be further described below. The examples listed below are used to clarify the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Anyone who is familiar with this art, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, Some changes and retouching can be done, so the scope of protection of the present invention shall be deemed as defined by the scope of the attached patent application.

Figure 1 is a comparison of photos of the soil after the soil improvement of the soil improvement composition of the embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a photographic comparison of the soil improvement composition of the embodiment of the present invention where the roots are applied after soil improvement.

Fig. 3 is a photograph comparison of the soil improvement composition of the embodiment of the present invention where sorghum is applied after soil improvement.

FIG. 4 is a photo comparison of the soil improvement composition of the embodiment of the present invention after the soil improvement is carried out and the greenhouse leafy vegetables are applied.

The soil improvement composition provided by the present invention firstly prepares the probiotic mixed solution and the algae wall-breaking fermentation product.

Example 1 Preparation of Probiotic Mixture

Were prepared photosynthetic bacteria (Photosynthetic bacteria), nitrifying bacteria (Nitrifyingbacteria), Bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis), lactic acid bacteria (Lactobacillus) and actinomycetes (of Actinobacteria) and other bacteria, probiotics were mixed liquid formulation of each of the bacterial strains The number is in accordance with Table 1 below. However, the number and proportion of probiotics are not absolute. Table 1 is only a good example, which can be adjusted according to the current status of the soil and the crops to be cultivated in the future. The probiotic mixed solution prepared in this example includes photosynthetic bacteria, nitrifying bacteria, Bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, and actinomycetes. The total bacterial count is about 8 x 10 ⁹ CFU/mL, and the pH value is about 5.8.

Example 2 Preparation of algae wall-breaking fermentation product

For the preparation of the algae wall-breaking fermentation product, first prepare the fungal solution and the algae solution separately. The Pleurotus eryngii ( Pleurotuseryngii ) belonging to the fungal genus used in this example was inoculated with a commercially available Pleurotus eryngii mushroom with a knife about 5 mm square and inoculated on a solid medium (15 g/L malt extract powder) , 20g/L glucose, 6g/L yeast extract and 15g/L agar), cultured for about 7 days. After that, the aforementioned agar medium was dug out, 250ml of sterile water was added for homogenization, and then used; for the algae part, in this example, 0.5g of green algae powder ( Chlorella vulgaris ) was added to 10ml (weight ratio of about 1:20) aseptic In water, stir well and set aside. Take the aforementioned 10ml homogenized Pleurotus eryngii bacterial solution, add it to 80ml of liquid culture solution (15g/L malt extract powder, 20g/L glucose and 6g/L yeast extract), and then add 10ml of green algae solution. In a 50L fermentation tank, perform anaerobic fermentation at room temperature (25~35℃) for about 3 days to obtain the stock solution of algae wall-breaking fermentation product. If it is necessary to use it in a dry state, it can be dried at 70℃.

After testing, the total nitrogen in the stock solution of algae wall-breaking ferment prepared in the examples of the present invention is about 8.9 g/mL, the hydrolyzed amino acids and free amino acids are 3.48 g/mL and 2.76 g/mL, respectively, and contain 1.46g/mL of green algae growth factor (CGF).

The preparation of the algae wall-breaking fermentation product is to use the cellulolytic enzyme secreted by the bacteria to hydrolyze the cell wall of the algae. Compared with the mechanical method of grinding or cutting, or the physical method of using repeated freezing and ultrasonic vibration, or Using the chemical method of special enzyme decomposition and organic solvent penetration, the cellulose hydrolyzing enzyme naturally secreted by the organism of the present invention can decompose the cell wall with high efficiency, and it is more complete and retains all the components contained in the algae, which can be fully utilized The effectiveness of its contents.

The green algae in the aforementioned green algae powder, also known as chlorella, chlorella, is a kind of microalgae, which grows in fresh, non-polluted waters and belongs to a single-cell plant. The cell size is only about 2~8μm. Chlorella has two major characteristics of plants: it has chloroplasts and cell walls. Its chloroplasts contain chlorophyll a and b, erythrophyll, lutein, etc., and its photosynthesis is the same as higher plants. Chlorophytes are taxonomically classified as Chlorophyceae of the Kingdom Plantae, Division Chlorophyta, Class Chlorophyceae, Order Chlorocaccales, Family Chlorellaceae (GeneraChlorella). Available Chlorella in addition to the aforementioned common Chlorella ( Chlorellavulgaris ), also includes: original (nuclear) Chlorella ( Chlorella rotothecoides ), Chlorella pyrenoidosa ( Chlorella pyrenoidosa ), Chlorella ellipsodiea ( Chlorella ellipsodiea) ), Chlorella minutissima , Chlorella protophila , etc., but not limited to this.

The aforementioned cellulose hydrolyzing enzyme can decompose insoluble cellulose into monosaccharides. These enzymes may include, but are not limited to: endo-β-1,4-glucanase EC3.2.1.4 (also known as β-1,4-D-glucanhydrolase or carboxymethylcellulase (CMCase)) 、Exo-β-1,4-glucanase EC3.2.1.91 (also known as β-1,4-glucancellobiohydrolase or cellulose-β-1,4-glucancellobiosidase), β-glucan Enzyme (β-1,4-glucosidase) EC3.2.1.21 (also known as β-1,4-glucohydrolase or cellobiase).

The aforementioned cellulose hydrolyzing enzymes can be secreted by different bacteria, for example, Pleurotusostreatus can secrete hydrolyzed carboxymethyl cellulose (Carboxymethylcellulose, CMC).

The above-mentioned Pleurotus eryngii is only an example, and it may also be Pleurotusostreatus in the fungal world, or other strains that can secrete the enzyme that hydrolyzes the algal cell wall.

The ratio of the aforementioned microalgae solution to the bacterial cell solution is not particularly limited, and may be in the range of 0.5:1 to 1:5, preferably 1:1 to 1:3, more preferably 1:1 .

Example 3 Preparation of soil improvement composition

The soil improvement composition of the present invention mainly consists of mixing the algae wall-breaking fermentation product stock solution, probiotic mixed solution and water at a predetermined ratio. The water used is not particularly limited, and can be general irrigation water, ground water or well water. The ratio of the algae wall-broken fermentation raw material liquid, probiotic mixed liquid and water is about 0.5~2% (v/v) and 1~3% (v/v), respectively. Preferably, the ratio of the algae wall-breaking fermentation product stock solution, the probiotic mixed solution and water is about 1% (v/v) and 2% (v/v), respectively.

Example 4 Soil improvement application

Select two blocks close to each other but about 100 meters apart, with the same geology and similar ground images about 1000 square meters The land with a meter area is used as the experimental group and the control group, respectively. First, test the pH value, electrical conductivity, organic matter and the effective ingredients listed in Table 2 below. During the inspection, each piece of land can be painted as a nine-square grid, and samples should be sampled at least in the four corners and the central area. When sampling, it is divided into taking top soil (0~15 cm) and subsoil (15~30 cm) to take soil samples. The detection period is the first test before the experiment, and then one test at 1, 2, and 3 months after the experiment, so a total of four tests are performed.

During application, take 970 liters of water, add 20 liters of the probiotic mixed solution prepared in Example 1, and 10 liters of the algae-walled fermentation broth prepared in Example 2, after uniformly mixing, that is It can be poured on the land of the experimental group on average, and the control group is filled with 1000 liters of water. During perfusion, perfusion was performed every 7 days and continued for 3 months, a total of 12 times. After 3 months, the final test results are shown in Table 2~Table 4 and Figure 1.

From the results of Table 2 to Table 4 and Figure 1, it can be seen that the phenomenon of land agglomeration before soil improvement is improved. As for the pH value part, the originally alkaline soil is reduced to neutrality, about pH 6.2~6.8, and the electrical conductivity (ec) is obviously reduced from about 0.37~0.45 to 0.24~0.28. Reduced after metabolism. As for the organic matter (om) part, since the soil component of the present invention includes the raw liquid of algae wall-breaking fermented material, through the action or utilization of probiotics, it is greatly increased from the original 0.21~0.32 to 5.31~7.6, providing a rich foundation for the soil nutrient. In addition, in the adjustment of essential elements for plant growth, the originally excessive phosphorus content was reduced to 43-59, potassium to 57-79, magnesium to 74-63, and calcium to 830-956. Other heavy metal parts are adjusted to the range of general standard values. From the experimental results, it can be known that the soil improvement composition of the present invention does have a significant effect of soil modification, and at the same time supplements the nutrients required for the growth of the base plant in advance.

Example 5 Plant growth test after soil improvement-a root

1000 roots of broad-leaf soybean (Glyinetomentella Hayata.) were taken and tested at 50 square meters (sown 2 rows, plant spacing 10 cm) in the experimental group (with soil improvement) and the control group. For soil improvement, take 970 liters of water, add 20 liters of the probiotic mixture prepared in Example 1, and 10 liters of the algae-walled fermentation broth prepared in Example 2 and mix them evenly. After closing, it can be poured on the land of the experimental group on average, and the control group is filled with 1000 liters of water. During perfusion, perfusion was performed every 7 days and continued for 3 months, a total of 12 times. After 3 months, observe the final soil test results and the plant growth status after planting a root. The results are shown in Table 5~Table 7 and Figure 2.

From the results of Table 5 to Table 7 and Figure 2, it can be seen that the soil without soil improvement has extremely poor soil fertility, poor plant growth and extremely short leaves. But by comparison, after soil improvement, the soil fertility is uniform, the leaves grow lush, and the plants grow well. One root one week bud points control group only There were 5.00% of the plants in the experimental group after soil improvement, which increased to 85.00%. The plant growth rate increased from 8.75% to 63.25%, increasing its growth rate by about 54.50%. From the experimental results, it can be known that the soil improvement composition of the present invention does have a significant soil improvement effect, and at the same time supplements the nutrients required for the growth of the base plant in advance.

Example 6 Plant growth test after soil improvement-Sorghum

Take 1000 sorghum cultivars of Fengnuo No. 4 and test them in the experimental group (improved soil) and the control group at 50 square meters (2 rows of planting, plant spacing 10 cm). For soil improvement, take 970 liters of water, add 20 liters of the probiotic mixed solution prepared in Example 1, and 10 liters of the algae-walled fermented stock solution prepared in Example 2, and mix them evenly. , It can be poured on the land of the experimental group on average, and the control group is filled with 1000 liters of water. During perfusion, perfusion was performed every 7 days and continued for 3 months, a total of 12 times. After 3 months, observe the final soil test results and the plant growth status after planting sorghum. The results are shown in Table 8~Table 10 and Figure 3.

From the results of Table 8 to Table 10 and Figure 3, it can be seen that the land without soil improvement has obviously insufficient soil fertility and uneven nutrition, which makes the crop land unable to be effectively used, resulting in poor plant growth. However, by comparison, after soil improvement, the soil fertility was average and healthy, and the sorghum plants grew well. In the sorghum experimental group, the size of each plant is much larger than that of the control group without soil improvement. The plant length is increased by 10 cm, and the flowering growth rate is increased by about 41.50%, which greatly increases the overall yield. From the experimental results, it can be known that the soil improvement composition of the present invention does have a significant soil improvement effect, and at the same time supplements the nutrients required for the growth of the base plant in advance.

Example 7 Plant growth test after soil improvement-greenhouse leafy vegetables

1000 plants of Chinese cabbage were taken and tested in the experimental group (with soil improvement) and the control group at 50 square meters (sown 2 rows, plant spacing 10 cm). For soil improvement, take 970 liters of water, add 20 liters of the probiotic mixed solution prepared in Example 1, and 10 liters of the algae-walled fermented stock solution prepared in Example 2, and mix them evenly. , It can be poured on the land of the experimental group on average, and the control group is filled with 1000 liters of water. During perfusion, perfusion was performed every 7 days and continued for 3 months, a total of 12 times. After 3 months, observe the final soil test results and the plant growth after planting Chinese cabbage. The results are shown in Table 11 to Table 13 and Figure 4.

From the results of Table 11 to Table 13 and Figure 4, it can be seen that the land without soil improvement has obviously insufficient soil fertility and uneven nutrition, which makes the crop land unable to be effectively used, resulting in poor plant growth and limited root expansion. However, by comparison, after soil improvement, the soil fertility was average and healthy, and the growth of Chinese cabbage plants was good. In the Chinese cabbage experiment group, no matter the leaf length, leaf width, stem length, and stem thickness increased by about 25% to 80%, and the number of leaves also increased by 83%, the overall yield was greatly improved. In addition, observing the moth on the vegetable plant also found that the part of the experimental group was reduced by 7%. Therefore, from the experimental results, we can see that by The soil improvement composition of the present invention does have a significant effect of soil modification, and at the same time supplements in advance the nutrients required for the growth of the base plant and improves the plant's resistance to borers.

From the above test, it can be seen that the soil improvement composition of the present invention can not only improve and adjust the composition and characteristics of the soil, but also provide other nutrients required by the plant growth through other effective ingredients contained in the algae wall-breaking fermentation product or Elements, therefore, can further promote the development and growth of plants. It is a simple soil improvement with limited effects over the past. It has a better soil modification effect and can promote plant growth.

Claims (5)

A soil improvement composition, comprising: a stock solution of algae wall-breaking fermentation product, which is prepared separately for fungal solution and microalgae solution, and the fungus system uses Pleurotus eryngii (Pleurotuseryngii) to cut commercially available Pleurotus eryngii It is inoculated on a solid medium for about 7 days. The medium is malt extract powder, glucose, yeast extract and agar. After that, the medium is dug out, 250ml of sterile water is added for homogenization, and the microalgae are usually small. Chlorella vulgaris , Chlorella protothecoides , Chlorella pyrenoidosa , Chlorella ellipsodiea , Chlorella minutissima , or flies The algae powder of any one of Chlorella protophila is added to sterile water at a weight ratio of 1:20 and stirred evenly, the fungus solution after homogenization is taken, added to the liquid culture solution, and then the microalgae solution is added, wherein the The ratio of the microalgae solution, the liquid culture solution and the fungal solution is 1:8:1, the liquid culture solution is composed of malt extract powder, glucose and yeast extract, and then the temperature in the barrel is 25~35℃ After performing anaerobic fermentation for about 3 days, the stock solution of algae wall-breaking fermentation product can be obtained, in which the fungus in the fungal solution can secrete cellulose hydrolyzing enzyme; after the microalgae is added, the fungus can secrete the cellulose hydrolyzing enzyme to hydrolyze the The cell wall of the microalgae; and collecting a stock solution of algae wall-breaking fermentation product formed after the microalgae are hydrolyzed by the cell wall; a probiotic mixed liquid, and the bacterial system in the probiotic mixed liquid includes: Photosynthetic bacteria, nitrification Bacteria (Nitrifying bacteria), Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus and Actinobacteria, the total number of bacteria is 8 x 10 ⁹ CFU/mL; and water; wherein, the original liquid phase of the algae wall-breaking fermentation product Compared with the water system, it accounts for 0.5~2% (v/v), and the probiotic mixed liquid phase accounts for 1~3% (v/v). The soil improvement composition as described in item 1 of the patent application scope, wherein the original liquid phase of the algae wall-breaking fermentation product accounts for about 1% (v/v) of the water system, and the probiotic mixed liquid phase is more than the water system About 2% (v/v). A method of soil improvement and plant growth promotion, comprising: pouring a soil improvement composition as described in item 1 of the scope of patent application on a land to be improved. The method for soil improvement and plant growth promotion described in item 3 of the patent application scope, wherein the soil improvement composition is 800 to 1200 liters per minute. The method for soil improvement and plant growth promotion described in item 3 of the patent application scope, wherein the soil improvement composition is 1000 liters per minute.

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