TWI683819B - 阻燃性化合物、其製造方法、樹脂組合物及其製品 - Google Patents
阻燃性化合物、其製造方法、樹脂組合物及其製品 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TWI683819B TWI683819B TW107141111A TW107141111A TWI683819B TW I683819 B TWI683819 B TW I683819B TW 107141111 A TW107141111 A TW 107141111A TW 107141111 A TW107141111 A TW 107141111A TW I683819 B TWI683819 B TW I683819B
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- resin
- compound
- resin composition
- formula
- functional group
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000011342 resin composition Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- -1 Flame retardant compound Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 47
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 title claims description 26
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 150
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 150
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- XLJMAIOERFSOGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M cyanate Chemical compound [O-]C#N XLJMAIOERFSOGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 229920001955 polyphenylene ether Polymers 0.000 claims description 17
- 229930185605 Bisphenol Natural products 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- PEEHTFAAVSWFBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Maleimide Chemical compound O=C1NC(=O)C=C1 PEEHTFAAVSWFBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- JPJGNZQDELRZGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N (phenyl-$l^{2}-phosphanyl)benzene Chemical group C=1C=CC=CC=1[P]C1=CC=CC=C1 JPJGNZQDELRZGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Divinylbenzene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- KOMNUTZXSVSERR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-tris(prop-2-enyl)-1,3,5-triazinane-2,4,6-trione Chemical compound C=CCN1C(=O)N(CC=C)C(=O)N(CC=C)C1=O KOMNUTZXSVSERR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ASMQGLCHMVWBQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diphenyl phosphate Chemical group C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(=O)(O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 ASMQGLCHMVWBQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- BJELTSYBAHKXRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,6-triallyloxy-1,3,5-triazine Chemical compound C=CCOC1=NC(OCC=C)=NC(OCC=C)=N1 BJELTSYBAHKXRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011203 carbon fibre reinforced carbon Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 51
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 abstract description 39
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 42
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 27
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 27
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 22
- WOCGGVRGNIEDSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[2-(4-hydroxy-3-prop-2-enylphenyl)propan-2-yl]-2-prop-2-enylphenol Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C(CC=C)=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C(CC=C)=C1 WOCGGVRGNIEDSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 19
- 125000004437 phosphorous atom Chemical group 0.000 description 17
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 15
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 14
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 13
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 12
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 12
- XHXFXVLFKHQFAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoryl trichloride Chemical compound ClP(Cl)(Cl)=O XHXFXVLFKHQFAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 12
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 9
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000011256 inorganic filler Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910003475 inorganic filler Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 9
- JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N butadiene-styrene rubber Chemical class C=CC=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- NXXYKOUNUYWIHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-Dimethylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(C)=C1O NXXYKOUNUYWIHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical group [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000004104 aryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 6
- GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N resorcinol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- XQUPVDVFXZDTLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[4-[[4-(2,5-dioxopyrrol-1-yl)phenyl]methyl]phenyl]pyrrole-2,5-dione Chemical compound O=C1C=CC(=O)N1C(C=C1)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N2C(C=CC2=O)=O)C=C1 XQUPVDVFXZDTLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 5
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- ASMQGLCHMVWBQR-UHFFFAOYSA-M diphenyl phosphate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(=O)([O-])OC1=CC=CC=C1 ASMQGLCHMVWBQR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920003192 poly(bis maleimide) Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000007928 solubilization Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005063 solubilization Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 229920001897 terpolymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- CHJMFFKHPHCQIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;octanoate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCC([O-])=O CHJMFFKHPHCQIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YFPJFKYCVYXDJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diphenylphosphine oxide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1[P+](=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 YFPJFKYCVYXDJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- PXKLMJQFEQBVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol F Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 PXKLMJQFEQBVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 4
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 4
- 229920005672 polyolefin resin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000425 proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 4
- XDOBJOBITOLMFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrrole-2,5-dione;toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1.O=C1NC(=O)C=C1 XDOBJOBITOLMFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 125000005373 siloxane group Chemical group [SiH2](O*)* 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920000106 Liquid crystal polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004977 Liquid-crystal polymers (LCPs) Substances 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QPQGTZMAQRXCJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N [chloro(phenyl)phosphoryl]benzene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1P(=O)(Cl)C1=CC=CC=C1 QPQGTZMAQRXCJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- VBQRUYIOTHNGOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzo[c][2,1]benzoxaphosphinine 6-oxide Chemical group C1=CC=C2P(=O)OC3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 VBQRUYIOTHNGOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 3
- AFTLIIOXEHXDOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N buta-1,3-diene;furan-2,5-dione;styrene Chemical compound C=CC=C.O=C1OC(=O)C=C1.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 AFTLIIOXEHXDOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000005350 fused silica glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RLOWWWKZYUNIDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphinic chloride Chemical compound ClP=O RLOWWWKZYUNIDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920002587 poly(1,3-butadiene) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000003381 solubilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000012745 toughening agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- OWICEWMBIBPFAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-diphenoxyphosphoryloxyphenyl) diphenyl phosphate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(OC=1C=C(OP(=O)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)OC=2C=CC=CC=2)C=CC=1)(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 OWICEWMBIBPFAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004169 (C1-C6) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- XSHWKULGRFTYIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;buta-1,3-diene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C XSHWKULGRFTYIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ARXJGSRGQADJSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methoxypropan-2-ol Chemical compound COCC(C)O ARXJGSRGQADJSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BSYJHYLAMMJNRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,4-trimethylpentan-2-ol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CC(C)(C)O BSYJHYLAMMJNRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VHYFNPMBLIVWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Dimethylaminopyridine Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=NC=C1 VHYFNPMBLIVWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001157 Fourier transform infrared spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002841 Lewis acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002879 Lewis base Substances 0.000 description 2
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphine Chemical compound P XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005062 Polybutadiene Substances 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000005233 alkylalcohol group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 2
- DWSWCPPGLRSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzo[c][2,1]benzoxaphosphinin-6-ium 6-oxide Chemical compound C1=CC=C2[P+](=O)OC3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 DWSWCPPGLRSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011258 core-shell material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- XPBBUZJBQWWFFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluorosilane Chemical compound [SiH3]F XPBBUZJBQWWFFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011968 lewis acid catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000007517 lewis acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000007527 lewis bases Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GKTNLYAAZKKMTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[bis(dimethylamino)phosphinimyl]-n-methylmethanamine Chemical compound CN(C)P(=N)(N(C)C)N(C)C GKTNLYAAZKKMTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- KJFMBFZCATUALV-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenolphthalein Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1C1(C=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)O1 KJFMBFZCATUALV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NAKOELLGRBLZOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenoxybenzene;pyrrole-2,5-dione Chemical compound O=C1NC(=O)C=C1.O=C1NC(=O)C=C1.C=1C=CC=CC=1OC1=CC=CC=C1 NAKOELLGRBLZOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920013636 polyphenyl ether polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229930195734 saturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000004756 silanes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- MFFNRVNPBJQZFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2,6-dimethylphenyl) dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(C)=C1OP(O)(O)=O MFFNRVNPBJQZFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QEQBMZQFDDDTPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy benzenecarboperoxoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 QEQBMZQFDDDTPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LEEANUDEDHYDTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dimethoxypropane Chemical compound COCC(C)OC LEEANUDEDHYDTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SXWIAEOZZQADEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-triphenylbenzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=CC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 SXWIAEOZZQADEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XBHHVVHQVJQMSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-phenylpyrrole-2,5-dione Chemical compound O=C1C=CC(=O)N1C1=CC=CC=C1.O=C1C=CC(=O)N1C1=CC=CC=C1 XBHHVVHQVJQMSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ODBCKCWTWALFKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5-bis(tert-butylperoxy)-2,5-dimethylhex-3-yne Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C#CC(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C ODBCKCWTWALFKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-phenylpropan-2-ylperoxy)propan-2-ylbenzene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XKZQKPRCPNGNFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-hydroxyphenyl)phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(C=2C(=CC=CC=2)O)=C1 XKZQKPRCPNGNFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXWJKQDGIVWVEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(dimethylamino)butanedioic acid Chemical compound CN(C)C(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O AXWJKQDGIVWVEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-METHOXYETHANOL Chemical compound COCCO XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MMEDJBFVJUFIDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(carboxymethyl)phenyl]acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1CC(O)=O MMEDJBFVJUFIDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLLIQLLCWZCATF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxyethyl acetate Chemical compound COCCOC(C)=O XLLIQLLCWZCATF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RMGHERXMTMUMMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxypropane Chemical compound COC(C)C RMGHERXMTMUMMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LXBGSDVWAMZHDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-1h-imidazole Chemical compound CC1=NC=CN1 LXBGSDVWAMZHDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZCUJYXPAKHMBAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenyl-1h-imidazole Chemical compound C1=CNC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=N1 ZCUJYXPAKHMBAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QMAQLCVJIYANPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-propoxyethyl acetate Chemical compound CCCOCCOC(C)=O QMAQLCVJIYANPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CMLFRMDBDNHMRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2h-1,2-benzoxazine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=CNOC2=C1 CMLFRMDBDNHMRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UURKAFKPNGAHLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[(2,6-dimethylphenyl)methyl]pyrrole-2,5-dione Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(C)=C1CC1=CC(=O)NC1=O UURKAFKPNGAHLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MOSSLXZUUKTULI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[3-(2,5-dioxopyrrol-3-yl)-4-methylphenyl]pyrrole-2,5-dione Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C=2C(NC(=O)C=2)=O)C=C1C1=CC(=O)NC1=O MOSSLXZUUKTULI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AFRJSFGINBHOJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[3-(2,5-dioxopyrrol-3-yl)phenyl]pyrrole-2,5-dione pyrrole-2,5-dione Chemical compound C1(C=CC(N1)=O)=O.C1(=CC(=CC=C1)C=1C(=O)NC(C1)=O)C=1C(=O)NC(C1)=O AFRJSFGINBHOJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ULKLGIFJWFIQFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5K8XI641G3 Chemical compound CCC1=NC=C(C)N1 ULKLGIFJWFIQFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910002706 AlOOH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910015900 BF3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920002799 BoPET Polymers 0.000 description 1
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ACOVOCNAWKNTCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N C1(=C(C(=CC=C1)C)C)N1C(C=CC1=O)=O.CC1=C(CC=2C(=O)NC(C2)=O)C=CC=C1C Chemical compound C1(=C(C(=CC=C1)C)C)N1C(C=CC1=O)=O.CC1=C(CC=2C(=O)NC(C2)=O)C=CC=C1C ACOVOCNAWKNTCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 0 C1C*=*CC1 Chemical compound C1C*=*CC1 0.000 description 1
- DEAPRPKIKRDHBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(C)(C#CC(C)(OOC(C)(C)C)C)OOC(C)(C)C.CC(C)(C#CC(C)(OOC(C)(C)C)C)OOC(C)(C)C Chemical compound CC(C)(C#CC(C)(OOC(C)(C)C)C)OOC(C)(C)C.CC(C)(C#CC(C)(OOC(C)(C)C)C)OOC(C)(C)C DEAPRPKIKRDHBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005033 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013032 Hydrocarbon resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)=O NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Natural products CCC(C)C(C)=O UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000459 Nitrile rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VWBYXJRDIQCSLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N O=[P](c1ccccc1)c1ccccc1 Chemical compound O=[P](c1ccccc1)c1ccccc1 VWBYXJRDIQCSLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910018557 Si O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910008045 Si-Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910006411 Si—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AHZMUXQJTGRNHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4-[2-(4-cyanatophenyl)propan-2-yl]phenyl] cyanate Chemical compound C=1C=C(OC#N)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(OC#N)C=C1 AHZMUXQJTGRNHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQPNUOYXSVUVMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4-[2-(4-diphenoxyphosphoryloxyphenyl)propan-2-yl]phenyl] diphenyl phosphate Chemical compound C=1C=C(OP(=O)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)OC=2C=CC=CC=2)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C(C=C1)=CC=C1OP(=O)(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 BQPNUOYXSVUVMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KYNKUCOQLYEJPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [K][Ti] Chemical compound [K][Ti] KYNKUCOQLYEJPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AFCIMSXHQSIHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O].[P] Chemical group [O].[P] AFCIMSXHQSIHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumanylidynesilicon Chemical compound [Al].[Si] CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P ammonium molybdate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P 0.000 description 1
- 239000011609 ammonium molybdate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000018660 ammonium molybdate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940010552 ammonium molybdate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000005428 anthryl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C2C([H])=C3C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C3=C([H])C2=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000006267 biphenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- APOXBWCRUPJDAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2,6-dimethylphenyl) hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(C)=C1OP(O)(=O)OC1=C(C)C=CC=C1C APOXBWCRUPJDAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001593 boehmite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WTEOIRVLGSZEPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron trifluoride Substances FB(F)F WTEOIRVLGSZEPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NTXGQCSETZTARF-UHFFFAOYSA-N buta-1,3-diene;prop-2-enenitrile Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC#N NTXGQCSETZTARF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011010 calcium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WXNKCDDCJOBQEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt;propan-2-one Chemical compound [Co].CC(C)=O WXNKCDDCJOBQEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 1
- PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(1+);methylsulfanylmethane;bromide Chemical compound Br[Cu].CSC PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004643 cyanate ester Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- NJXBVBPTDHBAID-UHFFFAOYSA-M ethyl(triphenyl)phosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C=1C=CC=CC=1[P+](C=1C=CC=CC=1)(CC)C1=CC=CC=C1 NJXBVBPTDHBAID-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- PYGSKMBEVAICCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexa-1,5-diene Chemical group C=CCCC=C PYGSKMBEVAICCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridophosphorus(.) (triplet) Chemical compound [PH] BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920006270 hydrocarbon resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxidooxidoaluminium Chemical compound O[Al]=O FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M methacrylate group Chemical group C(C(=C)C)(=O)[O-] CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021392 nanocarbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000014593 oils and fats Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000005693 optoelectronics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001181 organosilyl group Chemical group [SiH3]* 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical class O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001820 oxy group Chemical group [*:1]O[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000073 phosphorus hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- BAOGIWGDRNSXGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-one;zinc Chemical compound [Zn].CC(C)=O BAOGIWGDRNSXGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004368 propenyl group Chemical group C(=CC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001568 sexual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- FZHAPNGMFPVSLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silanamine Chemical class [SiH3]N FZHAPNGMFPVSLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon monoxide Inorganic materials [Si-]#[O+] LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- BIKXLKXABVUSMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trizinc;diborate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]B([O-])[O-].[O-]B([O-])[O-] BIKXLKXABVUSMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- XAEWLETZEZXLHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;dioxido(dioxo)molybdenum Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O XAEWLETZEZXLHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K21/00—Fireproofing materials
- C09K21/06—Organic materials
- C09K21/12—Organic materials containing phosphorus
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
- B32B15/09—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/14—Layered products comprising a layer of metal next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/20—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising aluminium or copper
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/28—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42
- B32B27/281—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42 comprising polyimides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/022—Non-woven fabric
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/024—Woven fabric
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/06—Phosphorus compounds without P—C bonds
- C07F9/08—Esters of oxyacids of phosphorus
- C07F9/09—Esters of phosphoric acids
- C07F9/12—Esters of phosphoric acids with hydroxyaryl compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/06—Phosphorus compounds without P—C bonds
- C07F9/08—Esters of oxyacids of phosphorus
- C07F9/141—Esters of phosphorous acids
- C07F9/145—Esters of phosphorous acids with hydroxyaryl compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/28—Phosphorus compounds with one or more P—C bonds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/28—Phosphorus compounds with one or more P—C bonds
- C07F9/30—Phosphinic acids [R2P(=O)(OH)]; Thiophosphinic acids ; [R2P(=X1)(X2H) (X1, X2 are each independently O, S or Se)]
- C07F9/32—Esters thereof
- C07F9/3258—Esters thereof the ester moiety containing a substituent or a structure which is considered as characteristic
- C07F9/3282—Esters with hydroxyaryl compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/28—Phosphorus compounds with one or more P—C bonds
- C07F9/50—Organo-phosphines
- C07F9/5013—Acyclic unsaturated phosphines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/28—Phosphorus compounds with one or more P—C bonds
- C07F9/50—Organo-phosphines
- C07F9/53—Organo-phosphine oxides; Organo-phosphine thioxides
- C07F9/5316—Unsaturated acyclic phosphine oxides or thioxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/24—Impregnating materials with prepolymers which can be polymerised in situ, e.g. manufacture of prepregs
- C08J5/241—Impregnating materials with prepolymers which can be polymerised in situ, e.g. manufacture of prepregs using inorganic fibres
- C08J5/244—Impregnating materials with prepolymers which can be polymerised in situ, e.g. manufacture of prepregs using inorganic fibres using glass fibres
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/24—Impregnating materials with prepolymers which can be polymerised in situ, e.g. manufacture of prepregs
- C08J5/249—Impregnating materials with prepolymers which can be polymerised in situ, e.g. manufacture of prepregs characterised by the additives used in the prepolymer mixture
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/0008—Organic ingredients according to more than one of the "one dot" groups of C08K5/01 - C08K5/59
- C08K5/0066—Flame-proofing or flame-retarding additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/49—Phosphorus-containing compounds
- C08K5/51—Phosphorus bound to oxygen
- C08K5/52—Phosphorus bound to oxygen only
- C08K5/521—Esters of phosphoric acids, e.g. of H3PO4
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/49—Phosphorus-containing compounds
- C08K5/51—Phosphorus bound to oxygen
- C08K5/52—Phosphorus bound to oxygen only
- C08K5/521—Esters of phosphoric acids, e.g. of H3PO4
- C08K5/523—Esters of phosphoric acids, e.g. of H3PO4 with hydroxyaryl compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/49—Phosphorus-containing compounds
- C08K5/51—Phosphorus bound to oxygen
- C08K5/53—Phosphorus bound to oxygen bound to oxygen and to carbon only
- C08K5/5313—Phosphinic compounds, e.g. R2=P(:O)OR'
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/49—Phosphorus-containing compounds
- C08K5/5398—Phosphorus bound to sulfur
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L71/00—Compositions of polyethers obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L71/08—Polyethers derived from hydroxy compounds or from their metallic derivatives
- C08L71/10—Polyethers derived from hydroxy compounds or from their metallic derivatives from phenols
- C08L71/12—Polyphenylene oxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L79/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon only, not provided for in groups C08L61/00 - C08L77/00
- C08L79/04—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain; Polyhydrazides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
- C08L79/08—Polyimides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
- B32B2250/03—3 layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
- B32B2250/40—Symmetrical or sandwich layers, e.g. ABA, ABCBA, ABCCBA
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
- B32B2260/02—Composition of the impregnated, bonded or embedded layer
- B32B2260/021—Fibrous or filamentary layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
- B32B2260/04—Impregnation, embedding, or binder material
- B32B2260/046—Synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
- B32B2262/0276—Polyester fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
- B32B2262/0292—Polyurethane fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
- B32B2262/101—Glass fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2457/00—Electrical equipment
- B32B2457/08—PCBs, i.e. printed circuit boards
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2379/00—Characterised by the use of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen, or carbon only, not provided for in groups C08J2361/00 - C08J2377/00
- C08J2379/04—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain; Polyhydrazides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
- C08J2379/08—Polyimides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2425/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2425/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
- C08J2425/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
- C08J2425/08—Copolymers of styrene
- C08J2425/10—Copolymers of styrene with conjugated dienes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2447/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds; Derivatives of such polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2471/00—Characterised by the use of polyethers obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2471/08—Polyethers derived from hydroxy compounds or from their metallic derivatives
- C08J2471/10—Polyethers derived from hydroxy compounds or from their metallic derivatives from phenols
- C08J2471/12—Polyphenylene oxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2475/00—Characterised by the use of polyureas or polyurethanes; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2475/04—Polyurethanes
- C08J2475/06—Polyurethanes from polyesters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2479/00—Characterised by the use of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen, or carbon only, not provided for in groups C08J2461/00 - C08J2477/00
- C08J2479/04—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain; Polyhydrazides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/02—Flame or fire retardant/resistant
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2203/00—Applications
- C08L2203/16—Applications used for films
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2203/00—Applications
- C08L2203/20—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
- C08L2205/025—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group containing two or more polymers of the same hierarchy C08L, and differing only in parameters such as density, comonomer content, molecular weight, structure
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
- C08L2205/035—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend containing four or more polymers in a blend
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2312/00—Crosslinking
- C08L2312/02—Crosslinking with dienes
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
Abstract
本發明公開一種化合物,其可用於樹脂組合物中以製作成半固化片、樹脂膜、積層板及印刷電路板等物品,使製品在玻璃轉化溫度、熱膨脹率、銅箔拉力、耐熱性、介電常數、介電損耗、阻燃性等一個或多個方面得到改善。
Description
本發明主要係關於一種阻燃性化合物、其製造方法、樹脂組合物及由其製成的物品,特別係關於一種可應用於半固化片、樹脂膜、積層板(例如銅箔基板)及印刷電路板的化合物、其製備方法和樹脂組合物。
印刷電路板的應用範圍廣泛,例如工業用大型計算機、通訊儀器、電氣測量裝置、國防及航空産品和民用電器産品等,大多需要利用印刷電路板作爲承載各種電子元件的基礎。隨著科技進步,各種電子産品皆往小型化、多功能化、高性能化及高可靠性等方面迅速發展。因此,印刷電路板也逐漸趨向高精度、高密度、高性能、微孔化、薄型化和多層化等方面發展。
在印刷電路板的製造與後續其他組件的安裝過程中,需要經過回焊製程,使焊料熔融後將表面組件與印刷電路板上的金屬線路相連接。一般製作印刷電路板絕緣層的樹脂材料經過回焊製程的高熱衝擊後,因熱膨脹率的不同,容易産生形變,進而造成基板翹曲變形而平整度降低,並引發後續焊接不良(如虛焊或假焊等)的問題。印刷電路板的高密度化引起發熱量增大,如何設法降低絕緣層的熱膨脹率並且兼顧其他特性,尤其是介電特性、耐熱性、阻燃性等等,已成爲此領域中亟待解决的問題。
有鑒於先前技術的缺陷,特別是現有阻燃性材料使用於絕緣材料提供阻燃性的同時,可能影響或惡化絕緣材料的其他特性,例如熱膨脹率或介電特性,本發明提供一種化合物,其可用於樹脂組合物中以製作成半固化片、樹脂膜、積層板及印刷電路板等物品,使製品在阻燃性、玻璃轉化溫度、熱膨脹率、銅箔拉力、耐熱性、介電常數、介電損耗等一個或多個方面得到改善。
本發明提供一種具有以下式(I)所示結構的化合物:
式(I) 其中,X代表共價鍵、-C(CH
3)
2-、-CH(CH
3)-、-CH
2-、-SO
2-、-S-、或-O-; Q
1及Q
2各自獨立代表含有C=C不飽和鍵的官能基團;以及 J
1及J
2各自獨立代表含有磷原子的阻燃性官能基團。
舉例而言,Q
1及Q
2可以各自獨立代表C2至C6的含有C=C不飽和鍵的脂烴基。
舉例而言,J
1及J
2可以各自獨立含有P=O雙鍵或P-O單鍵。
例如,J
1及J
2可以各自獨立具有以下結構:
其中,A爲氧原子或硫原子;n1爲0或1;虛線表示有鍵結或無鍵結;以及R
1和R
2各自獨立爲含鹵素基團、含或不含雙鍵的烷基、含或不含雙鍵的芳基、烷氧基、芳氧基、含硫烷基、含硫芳基、矽烷基或矽氧烷基,且R
1和R
2可各自獨立經取代或未經取代。
在一個實施例中,J
1及J
2可以各自獨立爲磷酸二苯酯官能基團(diphenyl phosphate,DPP,其不含羥基的部分)、二苯基磷氧官能基團(diphenylphosphine oxide,DPPO,其不含磷氫鍵的部分)或9,10-二氫-9-氧雜-10-磷雜菲-10-氧化物官能基團(9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10- oxide,DOPO,其不含磷氫鍵的部分),且前述磷酸二苯酯官能基團、二苯基磷氧官能基團或9,10-二氫-9-氧雜-10-磷雜菲-10-氧化物官能基團都可以視需要經取代或未經取代。
在一個實施例中,式(I)所示結構的化合物的磷含量介於6.0%及9.0%之間。
在一個實施例中,本發明提供一種式(I)所示結構的化合物的製造方法,包括:將含有磷原子的阻燃性官能基團的化合物與含有C=C不飽和鍵的雙酚類化合物進行反應。
在一個實施例中,式(I)所示結構的化合物可以同時用作樹脂組合物的交聯劑與阻燃劑。
在一個實施例中,本發明還提供一種樹脂組合物,包括式(I)所示結構的化合物及樹脂。
舉例而言,該樹脂可以是含不飽和鍵樹脂,例如包含一個或多個碳-碳雙鍵、碳-氮雙鍵或碳-氮參鍵的樹脂。具體實例包括但不限於聚烯烴、氰酸酯樹脂、馬來醯亞胺樹脂、乙烯基聚苯醚樹脂、苯乙烯、二乙烯基苯、三烯丙基異氰脲酸酯、三烯丙基氰脲酸酯及其預聚物或其組合。
在一個實施例中,該樹脂包含極性樹脂及非極性樹脂,且該式(I)所示結構的化合物可提高極性樹脂及非極性樹脂的相容性(即增溶作用)。較佳的,極性樹脂及非極性樹脂之間不發生分層。
若無特別指明,式(I)所示結構的化合物及樹脂兩者間的用量比例並不特別限制,例如相較於100重量份的樹脂,式(I)所示結構的化合物的含量介於1及100重量份之間。
在一個實施例中,本發明還提供一種由前述樹脂組合物製成的物品,其包括半固化片、樹脂膜、積層板或印刷電路板。較佳的,該物品在玻璃轉化溫度、熱膨脹率、銅箔拉力、耐熱性、介電常數、介電損耗、阻燃性等一個或多個方面得到改善。
為使本領域具有通常知識者可瞭解本發明的特點及功效,以下謹就說明書及申請專利範圍中提及的術語及用語進行一般性的說明及定義。除非另有指明,否則文中使用的所有技術及科學上的字詞,皆具有本領域具有通常知識者對於本發明所瞭解的通常意義,當有衝突情形時,應以本說明書的定義爲準。
首先,本文某些部分是利用“一”、“一種”、“一個”或類似用語來描述本發明所述的成分和技術特徵,此種描述只是爲了方便表達,並對本發明的技術特徵提供一般性的意義。因此,除非另有指明,否則此種描述應理解爲包括一個或至少一個,且單數也同時包括複數。
在本文中,用語“包含”、“包括”、“具有”、“含有”或其他任何類似用語均屬於開放性連接詞(open-ended transitional phrase),其意圖涵蓋非排他性的包括物。舉例而言,含有多個要素的組合物或製品並不僅限於本文所列出的該要素而已,而是還可包括未明確列出但卻是該組合物或製品通常固有的其他要素。除此之外,除非有相反的明確說明,否則用語“或”是指包括性的“或”,而不是指排他性的“或”。例如,以下任何一種情况均滿足條件“A或B”:A爲真(或存在)且B爲僞(或不存在)、A爲僞(或不存在)且B爲真(或存在)、A和B均爲真(或存在)。此外,在本文中,用語“包含”、“包括”、“具有”、“含有”的解讀應視爲已具體公開並同時涵蓋“由…所組成”及“實質上由…所組成”等封閉式或半封閉式連接詞。
在本文中,所有以數值範圍或百分比範圍形式界定的特徵或條件僅是爲了簡潔及方便。據此,數值範圍或百分比範圍的描述應視爲已涵蓋且具體公開所有可能的次範圍及範圍內的個別數值,特別是整數數值。舉例而言,“1至8”的範圍描述應視爲已經具體公開如1至7、2至8、2至6、3至6、4至8、3至8等等所有次範圍,特別是由所有整數數值所界定的次範圍,且應視爲已經具體公開範圍內如1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8等個別數值。除非另有指明,否則前述解釋方法適用於本發明全文的所有內容,不論範圍廣泛與否。
如果數量或其他數值或參數是以範圍、較佳範圍或一系列上限與下限表示,則其應理解成是本文已特定公開了由任一對該範圍的上限或較佳值與該範圍的下限或較佳值構成的所有範圍,不論該等範圍是否有分別公開。此外,本文中若提到數值的範圍時,除非另有說明,否則該範圍應包括其端點以及範圍內的所有整數與分數。
在本文中,在可達成發明目的的前提下,數值應理解成具有該數值有效位數的精確度。舉例來說,數字40.0則應理解成涵蓋從39.50至40.49的範圍。
在本文中,對於使用馬庫西群組(Markush group)或選項式用語以描述本發明特徵或實例的情形,本領域具有通常知識者應瞭解馬庫西群組或選項列表內所有成員的次群組或任何個別成員也可用於描述本發明。舉例而言,如果X描述成“選自由X
1、X
2及X
3所組成的群組”,也表示已經完全描述出X爲X
1的主張與X爲X
1和/或X
2的主張。再者,對於使用馬庫西群組或選項式用語以描述本發明的特徵或實例,本領域具有通常知識者應瞭解馬庫西群組或選項列表內所有成員的次群組或個別成員的任何組合也可用於描述本發明。據此,舉例而言,若X描述成“選自由X
1、X
2及X
3所組成的群組”,且Y描述成“選自由Y
1、Y
2及Y
3所組成的群組”,則表示已經完全描述出X爲X
1或X
2或X
3而Y爲Y
1或Y
2或Y
3的主張。
以下具體實施方式本質上僅是例示性的,並不意圖限制本發明及其用途。此外,本文並不受前述先前技術或發明內容或以下具體實施方式或實施例中所描述的任何理論的限制。
化合物
在一個實施例中,本發明提供的化合物可具有以下式(I)所示結構:
式(I) 其中,X代表共價鍵、-C(CH
3)
2-、-CH(CH
3)-、-CH
2-、-SO
2-、-S-、或-O-; Q
1及Q
2各自獨立代表含有C=C不飽和鍵的官能基團;以及 J
1及J
2各自獨立代表含有磷原子的阻燃性官能基團。
在一個實施例中,Q
1及Q
2相對於X的位置可以分別是鄰位或間位,也可以同時是鄰位,或者同時是間位。
在一個實施例中,Q
1及Q
2各自獨立代表C2至C6的含有C=C不飽和鍵的脂烴基。舉例而言,Q
1及Q
2各自獨立可以是C2、C3、C4、C5或C6烯基,例如但不限於乙烯基、丙烯基或烯丙基。
在一個實施例中,J
1及J
2各自獨立含有P=O雙鍵或P-O單鍵。舉例而言,J
1及J
2可以各自獨立具有以下結構:
其中,A爲氧原子或硫原子;n1爲0或1;虛線表示有鍵結或無鍵結;以及R
1和R
2各自獨立爲含鹵素基團、含或不含雙鍵的烷基、含或不含雙鍵的芳基、烷氧基、芳氧基、含硫烷基、含硫芳基、矽烷基或矽氧烷基。若無特別指明,R
1和R
2可各自獨立經取代或未經取代。舉例而言,R
1和R
2可各自獨立經C1至C6的烷基所取代。
若無特別指明,本發明公開的各種化合物的官能基團具有以下定義。
在本文中,術語“鹵素”表示氯、溴或碘;術語“烷基”表示直鏈或支鏈的飽和烴基,例如C1至C6的飽和烴基,如甲基、乙基、丙基、異丙基、丁基、戊基、己基等,且不以此爲限;術語“芳基”表示芳香族環系統,例如C6至C18的芳香族取代基,例如苯基、萘基、聯苯基、蒽基等,且不以此爲限;術語“烷氧基”表示含有氧原子的烷基,如甲氧基、乙氧基、丙氧基、異丙氧基、丁氧基、戊氧基、己氧基等,且不以此爲限;術語“芳氧基”表示含有氧原子的芳基;術語“含硫烷基”表示含有硫原子的烷基;術語“含硫芳基”表示含有硫原子的芳基;術語“矽烷基”表示含有Si–H或Si–Si鍵結的取代基;術語“矽氧烷基”表示含有Si–O鍵結的取代基。其中,若“烷基”、“烷氧基”或“含硫烷基”含有支鏈,則最長碳鏈的碳數可以是例如C6。
在一個實施例中,J
1及J
2各自獨立具有以下結構: 其中,A、Y和T各自獨立爲氧原子或硫原子;n1、m1和c1各自獨立爲0或1,且當m1或c1爲0時,表示P直接與苯環鍵結;虛線表示有鍵結或無鍵結;R
3和R
4各自獨立爲氫、烷基、烯基、含或不含雙鍵的芳基、烷氧基、芳氧基、含硫烷基、含硫芳基、矽烷基或矽氧烷基,且R
3和R
4可各自獨立經取代或未經取代;以及a和b各自獨立爲1至3的整數,且若虛線表示有鍵結,則a+b≦4,若虛線表示無鍵結,則a+b≦5。
在一個實施例中,J
1及J
2各自獨立具有以下結構:
其中,A、Y和T各自獨立爲氧原子或硫原子;n1爲0或1;m1和c1同時爲0或1,且當m1或c1爲0時,表示P直接與R
6或R
5鍵結;以及R
5和R
6各自獨立爲含鹵素基團、烷基、烯基、含或不含雙鍵取代基的芳基、烷氧基、芳氧基、含硫烷基、含硫芳基、矽烷基或矽氧烷基,且R
5和R
6可各自獨立經取代或未經取代。
在一個實施例中,J
1及J
2各自獨立爲磷酸二苯酯官能基團(diphenyl phosphate,DPP)、二苯基磷氧官能基團(diphenylphosphine oxide,DPPO)或9,10-二氫-9-氧雜-10-磷雜菲-10-氧化物官能基團(9,10-dihydro-9-oxa- 10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide,DOPO)。若無特別指明,前述磷酸二苯酯官能基團、二苯基磷氧官能基團或9,10-二氫-9-氧雜-10-磷雜菲-10-氧化物官能基團都可以視需要經取代或未經取代,例如,在苯環位置經C1至C6的烷基所取代。
在一個實施例中,式(I)所示結構的化合物具有較高的磷含量,例如磷含量大於或等於6.0%,或大於或等於7.0%。例如,式(I)所示結構的化合物的磷含量介於6.0%及9.0%之間。
本發明提供的式(I)化合物磷含量高且含有兩單位反應官能團,因此在含雙鍵樹脂的系統(如文後所述)中,不僅能提高系統交聯密度,也能賦予材料優良的阻燃性。
舉例而言,式(I)化合物相較於DABPA、二乙烯基苯(DVB)、TAIC或者其他傳統交聯劑,能够在BMI、聚苯醚(PPO)等含雙鍵樹脂系統中提供優異的阻燃性。
舉例而言,式(I)化合物相較於間苯二酚雙(磷酸二苯酯)(RDP)、雙酚A雙(磷酸二苯酯)(BDP)、間苯二酚雙[二(2,6-二甲基苯基)磷酸酯](RDX,市售品名PX-200)等傳統磷酸酯阻燃劑相比,具有與其相當的阻燃效果的同時,還具有可參與反應的C=C不飽和鍵官能基團(即Q
1及Q
2官能基團),能够交聯至樹脂系統中,不僅能提升材料玻璃轉化溫度,而且解决了傳統磷酸酯阻燃劑在材料高溫處理時,容易分解游離至樹脂組合物固化層表面,所造成穩定性、耐熱性或抗離子遷移性等問題。
舉例而言,式(I)化合物的空間結構具有很高的對稱性、極性較低,且可不含羥基等高極性、強吸水性基團,其介電特性優異。應用在高速高頻訊號傳輸中,在提供阻燃、提高交聯密度的同時,並不影響(劣化)材料的Dk/Df。
舉例而言,式(I)化合物還具備增加物料互溶的增溶作用。例如,式(I)化合物能增加極性樹脂(例如BMI樹脂)及非極性樹脂(例如聚烯烴樹脂)的相容性,以防止樹脂析出而導致上膠操作困難、半固化片表面成膜、外觀不良且易黏手的問題出現。
化合物的製造方法
在一個實施例中,本發明提供上述式(I)化合物的製造方法,主要步驟包括將含有磷原子的阻燃性官能基團的化合物與含有C=C不飽和鍵的雙酚類化合物進行反應。
舉例而言,可將含有磷原子的阻燃性官能基團的化合物與含有C=C不飽和鍵的雙酚類化合物在溶劑中加熱回流反應,而獲得式(I)化合物。
在一個實施例中,回流時間可介於1小時及10小時之間,例如介於2小時及10小時之間或介於4小時及8小時之間。加熱回流的反應溫度可介於50℃及200℃之間,例如介於50℃及180℃之間或例如70℃及150℃之間。
在一個實施例中,適合的溶劑包括但不限於甲苯(TL)、二甲基乙醯胺(DMAC)、二甲基甲醯胺(DMF)、2-丙醇甲基醚(PM)、丙二醇甲醚醋酸酯(PMA)、環己酮(CYC)、丙酮、丁酮(MEK)或其組合。
含有磷原子的阻燃性官能基團的化合物與含有C=C不飽和鍵的雙酚類化合物兩者的用量並不特別限制。
在一個實施例中,含有磷原子的阻燃性官能基團的化合物與含有C=C不飽和鍵的雙酚類化合物的莫耳比爲0.1:1至過量。過量是指含有磷原子的阻燃性官能基團與含有C=C不飽和鍵的雙酚類化合物中酚羥基的莫耳比大於1:1(官能基團的莫耳數 = 化合物質量/化合物分子量*化合物結構中官能基團的個數),例如但不限於2:1、3:1、4:1或5:1等等。較佳含有磷原子的阻燃性官能基團與含有C=C不飽和鍵的雙酚類化合物中酚羥基的莫耳比介於0.5:1及4:1之間,更佳介於1:1及3:1之間。
在一個實施例中,在反應步驟後,可進一步視需要使用例如但不限於甲苯清洗初産物,以除去反應中的副産物及不純物,進而提高所製得的化合物的純度。
作爲反應物之一,該含有C=C不飽和鍵的雙酚類化合物可具有以下式(V)結構,其中X、Q
1及Q
2的定義如前文所述。舉例而言,含有C=C不飽和鍵的雙酚類化合物可以是含C=C不飽和鍵的聯苯二酚,例如5,5’-二烯丙基-2,2’-聯苯二酚。
式(V)
作爲反應物之一,該含有磷原子的阻燃性官能基團的化合物可以是J
1-(R
7)n或J
2-(R
7)n,其中,n爲1至3的整數,J
1及J
2的各種結構式與定義如前文所述,而R
7代表鹵素,例如氯。舉例而言,含有磷原子的阻燃性官能基團的化合物可以是磷酸酯(例如磷酸二苯酯)的鹵化物、磷氧化合物(例如二苯基磷氧或三氯氧磷)的鹵化物或9,10-二氫-9-氧雜-10-磷雜菲-10-氧化物的鹵化物。若無特別指明,前述鹵化物可以視需要經取代或未經取代,例如經C1至C6的烷基所取代。
在一個實施例中,前述式(I)化合物的製造方法包括:將含有磷原子的阻燃性官能基團的化合物與含有C=C不飽和鍵的雙酚類化合物進行反應,生成式(I)中J
1及/或J
2中至少一者包含有至少一個鹵素原子的化合物,其可進一步作爲反應物,再與含有單官能活性氫的化合物進行反應,如製備例3的實施例。
在一個實施例中,該含有單官能活性氫的化合物可以是但不限於烷基醇、芳基酚、含雙鍵的烷基醇、含雙鍵的芳基酚、烷氧基醇、芳氧基醇、烷基硫醇或芳基硫醇,較佳爲芳基酚,例如苯酚或2,6-二甲基苯酚。此外,該活性氫與可以和活性氫反應的基團(例如含有磷原子的阻燃性官能基團的化合物上的鹵素原子)兩者的莫耳比可以是0.1:1至過量,例如但不限於1:1至4:1之間。單官能活性氫的反應可以在含有磷原子的阻燃性官能基團的化合物與含有C=C不飽和鍵的雙酚類化合物反應的相同條件下進行,也可在降低溫度及/或縮短反應時間的條件下進行。
具體而言,在一個實施例中,本發明所提供的上述式(I)化合物的製造方法可以採用以下任一種合成路線,但不以此爲限: (1)將含有C=C不飽和鍵的雙酚類化合物在催化劑(例如路易斯酸催化劑,如AlCl
3)存在下與含有磷原子的阻燃性官能基團的化合物(例如磷酸二苯酯的鹵化物、二苯基磷氧的鹵化物、DOPO的鹵化物)進行反應,一步得到式(I)化合物。 (2)將含有C=C不飽和鍵的雙酚類化合物在催化劑(例如路易斯酸催化劑,如AlCl
3)存在下與含有磷原子的阻燃性官能基團的化合物(例如三氯氧磷,POCl
3)進行反應,生成式(I)中J
1及/或J
2中至少一者包含有至少一個鹵素原子的化合物,其可進一步作爲反應物,再與含有單官能活性氫的化合物(例如2,6-二甲基苯酚的羥基中的活性氫)進行反應,兩步得到式(I)化合物。
化合物的合成與定性 製備例1 在1公升的三頸瓶中,插入溫度計和冷凝管,加入100毫升甲苯、0.6莫耳(約185克)的二烯丙基雙酚A(DABPA)、1.3莫耳(約308克)的二苯基次膦醯氯(chlorodiphenylphosphine oxide, DPP-Cl)以及3.0克的無水三氯化鋁。攪拌使之充分溶解,升溫至140℃反應6至8小時。反應完成後冷卻至室溫,過濾並用鹼液萃取,最後減壓除去溶劑得到産物即式(II)化合物(即DABPA- bisDPP),産率爲95.5%。 圖1爲産物式(II)化合物和原料DABPA的FTIR譜圖。上方的曲線爲原料DABPA的曲線,下方的曲線爲産物式(II)化合物。經由對比發現,産物的FTIR曲線中,3435 cm
-1處的羥基吸收峰消失,說明羥基基本反應完全。特徵峰出現在1592 cm
-1(P=O)、692~727 cm
-1(P-Ph)、1109 cm
-1(P-O)、1637 cm
-1(C=C)。727 cm
-1和692 cm
-1處出現的吸收峰,對應的是二苯基磷氧官能基團上的彎曲振動吸收峰,可證明DABPA上的羥基經反應後,已經成功接上了二苯基磷氧官能基團。 圖2爲原料DABPA的
1H NMR譜圖。化學位移δ=1.54 ppm爲-CH
3質子峰(即圖2中的“a”位置);δ=3.30 ppm爲烯丙基上的-CH
2-質子峰(即圖2中的“b”位置);δ=4.85 ppm爲羥基峰(即圖2中的“f”位置);δ=5.14 ppm爲烯丙基雙鍵CH
2質子峰(即圖2中的“c”位置);δ=6.0 ppm爲烯丙基-CH=上質子峰(即圖2中的“d”位置);δ=6.7~7.2 ppm爲苯環上質子峰(即圖2中的“e”位置)。 圖3爲産物式(II)化合物的
1H NMR譜圖。δ=4.85 ppm處的羥基峰消失,而在δ=7.4~8.0 ppm處出現非常強的二苯基磷氧官能基團上苯環的質子峰(即圖3中的“g”位置),其他質子峰化學位移與原料基本一致,說明原料DABPA上的羥基已經被二苯基磷氧官能基團取代。 圖4爲原料DABPA和産物式(II)化合物的GPC曲線圖。右邊的曲線爲原料DABPA的曲線,左邊的曲線爲産物式(II)化合物的曲線。相比原料DABPA,産物式(II)化合物的流出時間變小,分子量增大,說明了二苯基磷氧官能基團成功接上了DABPA,使得分子量增大。GPC曲線只有一個單峰,且峰型對稱,說明合成的産物純度較高,且DABPA上兩端的羥基基本上已完全接上二苯基磷氧官能基團。 製備例2 在1公升的三頸瓶中,插入溫度計和冷凝管,加入100毫升甲苯、0.2莫耳(約61.7克)的二烯丙基雙酚A(DABPA)、1.0莫耳(約153克)的三氯氧磷(POCl
3)及1.0克的無水三氯化鋁。攪拌使之充分溶解,升溫至120℃反應4小時。減壓蒸餾除去過量的三氯氧磷,接著向反應瓶中加入1.5莫耳(約141克)的苯酚和0.5克三氯化鋁,升溫至150℃反應6小時。反應完成後冷卻至室溫,過濾並用鹼液萃取,最後減壓除去溶劑得到産物即式(III)化合物,産率爲92.5%。 製備例3 在1公升的三頸瓶中,插入溫度計和冷凝管,加入100毫升甲苯、0.2莫耳(約61.7克)的二烯丙基雙酚A(DABPA)、1.0莫耳(約153克)的三氯氧磷(POCl
3)及1.0克的無水三氯化鋁。攪拌使之充分溶解,升溫至120℃反應4小時。減壓蒸餾除去過量的三氯氧磷,接著向反應瓶中加入1.5莫耳(約183克)的2,6-二甲基苯酚和0.5克三氯化鋁,升溫至150℃反應6小時。反應完成後冷卻至室溫,過濾並用鹼液萃取,最後減壓除去溶劑得到産物即式(IV)化合物,産率爲90.5%。
樹脂組合物
本發明公開的各種式(I)化合物可用於樹脂組合物中,作爲交聯劑及/或阻燃劑。
具體而言,於本發明中,樹脂組合物可包括式(I)化合物及樹脂。例如,樹脂組合物可包括,相較於100重量份的樹脂,1至100重量份的式(I)化合物。舉例而言,以100重量份的樹脂爲基礎,式(I)化合物的用量可爲但不限於1至100重量份,例如5、10、15、20、25、30、35、40、45、50、55、60、65、70、75、80、85、90或95重量份。
適用於本發明樹脂組合物的樹脂種類並不特別限制,且可爲各種用於半固化片、樹脂膜、積層板或印刷電路板製備的樹脂。
在一個實施例中,該樹脂包含極性樹脂及非極性樹脂,且該式(I)化合物可提高極性樹脂及非極性樹脂的相容性。上述極性樹脂可以是但不限於環氧樹脂、聚苯醚樹脂、苯并噁嗪樹脂、馬來醯亞胺樹脂、氰酸酯樹脂或馬來酸酐化苯乙烯-丁二烯共聚物。上述非極性樹脂可以是但不限於聚丁二烯均聚物、苯乙烯丁二烯共聚物、氫化苯乙烯丁二烯共聚物、苯乙烯-丁二烯-二乙烯基苯三元聚合物、苯乙烯異戊二烯共聚物或其他碳氫樹脂。一般而言,若將非極性樹脂溶液與極性樹脂溶液混合,容易因極性差異導致相容性變差,而出現分層問題。當在上述同時含有極性樹脂及非極性樹脂的混合樹脂系統中加入適量本發明的式(I)化合物(例如阻燃性達到V1或V0的使用量),無法預期的提高了混合樹脂系統的相容性及穩定性,起到增溶的作用。
另一方面,在一個實施例中,該樹脂爲含不飽和鍵樹脂。含不飽和鍵樹脂的實例包括但不限於包含一個或多個碳-碳雙鍵的樹脂、包含一個或多個碳-氮雙鍵的樹脂或包含一個或多個碳-氮參鍵的樹脂。舉例而言,在一個實施例中,含不飽和鍵樹脂爲乙烯基樹脂。
舉例而言,該含不飽和鍵樹脂包含聚烯烴、氰酸酯樹脂、馬來醯亞胺樹脂、乙烯基聚苯醚樹脂、苯乙烯、二乙烯基苯、三烯丙基異氰脲酸酯、三烯丙基氰脲酸酯及其預聚物或其組合。
在一個實施例中,本發明的樹脂組合物包括式(I)化合物及聚烯烴,其中聚烯烴包括但不限於苯乙烯-丁二烯-二乙烯基苯三元聚合物(styrene-butadiene-divinylbenzene terpolymer)、苯乙烯-丁二烯-馬來酸酐三元聚合物(styrene-butadiene-maleic anhydride terpolymer)、乙烯基-聚丁二烯-胺基甲酸酯寡聚物(vinyl-polybutadiene-urethane oligomer)、苯乙烯丁二烯共聚物(styrene-butadiene copolymer)、苯乙烯異戊二烯共聚物(styrene-isoprene copolymer)、聚丁二烯均聚物和馬來酸酐化丁二烯共聚物中的至少一種或其組合。
在一個實施例中,本發明的樹脂組合物包括式(I)化合物及氰酸酯樹脂,其中氰酸酯樹脂包括但不限於具有Ar-O-C≡N結構的氰酸酯樹脂(Ar爲芳香基)、酚醛型氰酸酯樹脂、雙酚A型氰酸酯樹脂、雙酚A酚醛型氰酸酯樹脂、雙酚F型氰酸酯樹脂、雙酚F酚醛型氰酸酯樹脂、含雙環戊二烯結構的氰酸酯樹脂、含萘環結構的氰酸酯樹脂或酚酞型氰酸酯樹脂。氰酸酯樹脂的實例包括但不限於:商品名爲Primaset PT-15、PT-30S、PT-60S、BA-200、BA-230S、BA-3000S、BTP-2500、BTP-6020S、DT-4000、DT-7000、ULL950S、HTL-300、CE-320、LVT-50、LeCy等由Lonza生産的氰酸酯樹脂。
在一個實施例中,本發明的樹脂組合物包括式(I)化合物及馬來醯亞胺樹脂,其中馬來醯亞胺樹脂包括但不限於4,4’-二苯甲烷雙馬來醯亞胺(4,4’-diphenylmethane bismaleimide)、苯甲烷馬來醯亞胺寡聚物(oligomer of phenylmethane maleimide,或稱苯甲烷馬來醯亞胺聚合物(polyphenylmethane maleimide))、間-伸苯基雙馬來醯亞胺(m-phenylenebismaleimide)、雙酚A二苯基醚雙馬來醯亞胺(bisphenol A diphenyl ether bismaleimide)、3,3’-二甲基-5,5’-二乙基-4,4’-二苯基甲烷雙馬來醯亞胺(3,3’-dimethyl-5,5’-diethyl-4,4’- diphenylmethane bismaleimide)、4-甲基-1,3-伸苯基雙馬來醯亞胺(4-methyl-1,3- phenylene bismaleimide)、1,6-雙馬來醯亞胺-(2,2,4-三甲基)己烷(1,6-bismaleimide- (2,2,4-trimethyl hexane)、2,3-二甲基苯馬來醯亞胺(N-2,3-Xylylmaleimide)、2,6-二甲基苯馬來醯亞胺(N-2,6-Xylenemaleimide)、N-苯基馬來醯亞胺(N-phenyl maleimide)和上述化合物的預聚體(例如二烯丙基化合物與馬來醯亞胺化合物的預聚物)。
在一個實施例中,本發明的樹脂組合物包括式(I)化合物及乙烯基聚苯醚樹脂,其中乙烯基聚苯醚樹脂是指封端基團具有不飽和雙鍵的聚苯醚樹脂,包括但不限於末端甲基丙烯酸酯聚苯醚樹脂、末端乙烯苄基聚苯醚樹脂、乙烯苄基改質雙酚A聚苯醚樹脂和乙烯基擴鏈聚苯醚樹脂中的至少一種。具體實例包括Sabic公司販賣的SA-9000或三菱瓦斯化學販賣的OPE-2st。該乙烯基擴鏈聚苯醚樹脂可包括公開於美國專利申請案公開第2016/0185904 A1號中的各類聚苯醚樹脂,其全部內容以引用的方式納入本文。
除式(I)化合物及前述樹脂外,本發明的樹脂組合物還可以視需要包括無機填充物、硬化促進劑、溶劑、矽烷偶合劑、表面活性劑、染色劑、增韌劑或其任一種組合。若無特別指明,前述成分的用量並不特別限制,在可達成本發明技術目的的條件下的各種用量均可。舉例而言,相較於1至100重量份的前述樹脂(含不飽和鍵樹脂或極性樹脂及非極性樹脂)而言,前述任一種成分的用量可介於0.01至100重量份之間。舉例而言,相較於100重量份的前述樹脂,前述任一種成分的用量可以是0.01重量份至100重量份、0.01重量份至200重量份或0.01重量份至300重量份。
在一個實施例中,以100重量份的樹脂爲基礎,本發明的樹脂組合物可進一步添加10至200重量份的無機填充物,例如10至100重量份,用以增加樹脂組合物的熱傳導性、改良其熱膨脹性及機械強度等特性的至少一種,且所添加的無機填充物可均勻分布於該樹脂組合物中。
舉例而言,本發明可適用的無機填充物並不特別限定爲任何具體類型,可以包括如二氧化矽(熔融態、非熔融態、多孔質或中空型)、氧化鋁、氫氧化鋁、氧化鎂、氫氧化鎂、碳酸鈣、氮化鋁、氮化硼、碳化鋁矽、碳化矽、碳酸鈉、二氧化鈦、氧化鋅、氧化鋯、石英、鑽石粉、類鑽石粉、石墨、碳酸鎂、鈦酸鉀、陶瓷纖維、雲母、勃姆石(boehmite,AlOOH)、鉬酸鋅、鉬酸銨、硼酸鋅、磷酸鈣、煆燒滑石、滑石、氮化矽、莫萊石(mullite)、煆燒高嶺土、黏土、玻璃珠、中空玻璃珠、鹼式硫酸鎂晶鬚(basic magnesium sulfate whisker)、莫萊石晶鬚(mullite whisker)、硫酸鋇、氫氧化鎂晶鬚(magnesium hydroxide whisker)、氧化鎂晶鬚(magnesium oxide whisker)、氧化鈣晶鬚(calcium oxide whisker)、奈米碳管、奈米級二氧化矽及其相關無機粉體、或具有有機核外層殼爲絕緣體修飾的粉體粒子,且無機填充物可爲球型、纖維狀、板狀、粒狀、片狀或針鬚狀,並可視需要對填料進行表面處理,例如但不限於使用矽烷改質劑(包括但不限於矽氧烷改質劑)、氟矽烷改質劑、鈦酸酯偶合劑等對填料進行表面處理。
於本發明中,任何可增進本發明樹脂組合物固化速率的硬化促進劑皆可使用。以100重量份的樹脂爲基礎,硬化促進劑的含量可介於0.01重量份至10重量份之間。本發明所述的樹脂組合物可選擇性添加一種或多種硬化促進劑以增進樹脂的固化速率。該硬化促進劑可包括路易斯鹼或路易斯酸等催化劑。其中,路易斯鹼可包括咪唑、三氟化硼胺複合物、乙基三苯基氯化鏻、2-甲基咪唑、2-苯基咪唑、2-乙基-4-甲基咪唑、三苯基膦與4-二甲基胺基吡啶的其中至少一種。路易斯酸可包括金屬鹽類化合物,如錳、鐵、鈷、鎳、銅和鋅的金屬鹽化合物的其中至少一種,較佳爲辛酸鋅、辛酸鈷、乙醯丙酮鈷或乙醯丙酮鋅等金屬催化劑。另外,該硬化促進劑還包括可産生自由基的過氧化物硬化促進劑,例如包括但不限於:過氧化二異丙苯、叔丁基過氧化苯甲酸酯、2,5-二甲基-2,5-二(叔丁基過氧基)-3-己炔及雙(叔丁基過氧異丙基)苯或上述的組合。
於本發明中,添加溶劑的主要用途在於改變樹脂組合物的固含量,並調整樹脂組合物的黏度,以100重量份的反應性材料爲基礎,溶劑的用量可以是30重量份至300重量份。若未特別指明,本發明採用的溶劑並不特別限制,且可爲任一種或多種適用於溶解或稀釋前述樹脂組合物的溶劑,具體實施例包括但不限於:甲醇、乙醇、乙二醇單甲醚、丙酮、丁酮(又稱爲甲基乙基酮)、甲基異丁基酮、環己酮、甲苯、γ-丁內酯、二甲苯、甲氧基乙基乙酸酯、乙氧基乙基乙酸酯、丙氧基乙基乙酸酯、N-甲基吡咯烷酮(N-methyl-pyrrolidone,NMP)、乙酸乙酯、二甲基甲醯胺、二甲基乙醯胺、丙二醇甲基醚等溶劑或其混合物。
若未特別指明,本發明採用的矽烷偶合劑並不特別限制,且可爲任一種或多種適用於半固化片、樹脂膜、積層板或印刷電路板製作的矽烷偶合劑。矽烷偶合劑可包含矽烷化合物(silane,例如但不限於矽氧烷化合物(siloxane)),依官能基種類又可分爲胺基矽烷化合物(amino silane)、環氧基矽烷化合物(epoxide silane)、乙烯基矽烷化合物、酯基矽烷化合物、羥基矽烷化合物、異氰酸酯基矽烷化合物、甲基丙烯醯氧基矽烷化合物及丙烯醯氧基矽烷化合物。
添加表面活性劑主要可提供濕潤、抗黏、增溶或分散等作用,使無機填充物可以均勻分散於樹脂組合物中。前述染色劑可包含但不限於染料(dye)或顔料(pigment)。添加增韌劑的主要作用,在於改善樹脂組合物的韌性。其中,增韌劑可包含但不限於橡膠(rubber)樹脂、端羧基丁腈橡膠(carboxyl-terminated butadiene acrylonitrile rubber,CTBN)、核殼橡膠(core-shell rubber)等化合物或其任一種組合。
樹脂組合物製成的物品
前述樹脂組合物可通過各種加工方式製成各種物品,例如適用於各類電子産品中的組件,其包括但不限於半固化片、樹脂膜、積層板或印刷電路板。
具體而言,本發明提供一種半固化片,其具有一補強材及設置於補強材上的絕緣層,該絕緣層由如前述樹脂組合物經高溫加熱形成半固化態(B-stage)而成,製作半固化片的烘烤溫度爲例如100℃至190℃之間。該補強材可爲織布或不織布,織布可爲例如纖維材料,纖維材料包括玻璃纖維布、天然纖維布或有機纖維布等,以增加該半固化片的機械強度。有機纖維布可包括液晶聚合物樹脂織布,例如聚酯織布或聚胺酯織布等,且不限於此。玻璃纖維布的種類並無特別限制,可爲市售可用於各種印刷電路板的玻璃纖維布,例如E型玻布、D型玻布、S型玻布、T型玻布、L型玻布或Q玻布,其中纖維的種類包括紗和粗紗等,形式則可包括開纖或不開纖。不織布包括液晶聚合物樹脂不織布,例如聚酯不織布或聚胺酯不織布等,且不限於此。較佳地,該補強材可選擇性進行預處理,例如但不限於使用矽烷改質劑、氟矽烷改質劑、鈦酸酯偶合劑等進行表面處理。
由該樹脂組合物製成的物品可爲樹脂膜,其由該樹脂組合物經由如烘烤加熱後半固化而得到。該樹脂組合物可被選擇性地塗布於聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯膜(PET膜)、聚醯亞胺膜(PI膜)、液晶聚合物樹脂膜、銅箔或背膠銅箔(RCC)上,再經由烘烤加熱後半固化該樹脂組合物而形成樹脂膜。
本發明各實施方式的樹脂組合物可製成積層板(laminate,又稱覆銅板,例如銅箔基板),其包括至少二層金屬箔層及一層絕緣層,該絕緣層設置於該等金屬箔之間,且該絕緣層可由前述樹脂組合物在高溫、高壓下所固化而成,可適用的固化溫度例如介於150℃至220℃之間,較佳的固化溫度介於190℃至210℃之間,固化時間爲90至180分鐘,較佳爲120至150分鐘。該絕緣層可爲前述半固化片或樹脂膜;該金屬箔的材質可爲銅、鋁、鎳、鉑、銀、金或其合金,例如銅箔。
前述積層板可進一步依照本領域已知的各種電路板製造程序加工形成印刷電路板。例如,印刷電路板可以使用厚度爲28密耳(mil)且具有1oz(盎司)HTE(High Temperature Elongation)銅箔的雙面覆銅板(例如産品EM-827,可購自台光電子材料),鑽孔後進行電鍍,從而使上層銅箔和底層銅箔之間形成電導通。再對上層銅箔和底層銅箔進行蝕刻,從而形成內層電路。對內層電路進行棕化粗化處理,從而在表面形成凹凸結構以增加粗糙度。然後,將附載體超薄銅箔、前述半固化片、前述內層電路、前述半固化片、附載體超薄銅箔依序堆疊,再使用真空層壓裝置通過195°C加熱75分鐘以對半固化片的絕緣層材料進行固化。移除附載體超薄銅箔的載體後,在最外表面的超薄銅箔上進行黑化處理、鑽孔、鍍銅等本領域已知的各種電路板製造程序加工,可獲得印刷電路板。
本發明公開的樹脂組合物與由其製備而得的各種物品,具有以下特性的任何一種或其任何組合: (1)參考IPC-TM-650 2.4.24.4所述方法測量而得的玻璃轉化溫度大於或等於235℃,例如大於或等於240℃,例如介於235℃及250℃之間; (2)參考IPC-TM-650 2.4.24.5所述方法以TMA儀器測量而得的Z軸熱膨脹率較小。例如Z軸熱膨脹率小於或等於2.10%,例如小於或等於2.03%; (3)參考IPC-TM-650 2.4.8進行量測得到的銅箔拉力大於或等於4.30 lb/inch,例如大於或等於4.50 lb/inch,例如銅箔拉力介於4.30 lb/inch及5.00 lb/inch之間; (4)參考IPC-TM-650 2.6.16.1及IPC-TM-650 2.4.23所述方法測試吸濕5小時後未發生爆板,耐熱性較高; (5)於10 GHz頻率、70%樹脂含量條件下參考JIS C2565所述方法測量而得的介電常數小於或等於3.60,例如小於或等於3.55; (6)於10 GHz頻率、70%樹脂含量條件下參考JIS C2565所述方法測量而得的介電損耗小於或等於0.0050,例如小於或等於0.0045;以及 (7)阻燃性達到UL94標準的V0或V1等級,例如V0等級。
採用以下來源的各種原料,依照表1至表3的用量分別調配本發明實施例及本發明比較例的樹脂組合物,並進一步製作成各類測試樣本或物品。實施例及比較例的測試結果如下表1至表3所示。 1. 末端甲基丙烯酸酯的聚苯醚樹脂(methacrylate-terminated polyphenylene ether resin),商品名爲SA-9000,購自Sabic公司。 2. 末端乙烯苄基的聯苯聚苯醚樹脂(vinylbenzyl-terminated biphenyl polyphenylene ether resin),商品名爲OPE-2st,購自三菱瓦斯化學。 3. 苯乙烯-丁二烯共聚物,商品名爲Ricon 100,購自Cray Valley公司。 4. 雙酚A氰酸酯樹脂(bisphenol A cyanate ester resin),商品名爲BA-230S,購自Lonza公司。 5. 氰酸酯樹脂(cyanate ester resin),商品名爲BTP-6020S,購自Lonza公司。 6. 苯甲烷馬來醯亞胺聚合物(polyphenylmethane maleimide),商品名爲BMI-2300,購自大和化成公司。 7. 2,5-二甲基-2,5-二(叔丁基過氧基)-3-己炔(2,5-dimethyl-2,5- di(tert-butylperoxy) -3-hexyne),商品名爲25B,購自日本油脂。 8. 磷腈化合物(phosphazene),商品名爲SPB-100,購自大塚化學。 9. 間苯二酚雙(二2,6-二甲基苯基磷酸鹽)(resorcinol bis[di(2,6-dimethylphenyl) phosphate]),商品名爲PX-200,購自日本大八化學。 10. 雙酚A雙二苯基磷酸酯,商品名爲CR-741,購自日本大八化學。 11. 熔融態二氧化矽,購自矽比科公司。 12. 辛酸鋅,購自勤裕公司。 13. Di-DOPO含磷高熔點阻燃劑,如式(X)所示,參考中國專利號CN105936745A方法自行製造。 14. 乙烯基化-THCPO反應型含磷阻燃劑,如式(XI)所示,參考中國專利號CN106366128A方法自行製造。
式(X)
式(XI) [表1]實施例樹脂組合物的組成(單位:重量份)與性質測試結果
[表2]實施例樹脂組合物的組成(單位:重量份)與性質測試結果
[表3]比較例樹脂組合物的組成(單位:重量份)與性質測試結果
組成份 | E1 | E2 | E3 | E4 | E5 | E6 | E7 | E8 | |
聚苯醚樹脂 | SA-9000 | 40 | 40 | 40 | 40 | 40 | 40 | 40 | 40 |
OPE-2st | |||||||||
聚烯烴樹脂 | Ricon100 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 |
氰酸酯樹脂 | BA-230S | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 |
BTP-6020S | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | |
馬來醯亞胺樹脂 | BMI-2300 | 50 | 50 | 50 | 50 | 50 | 50 | 50 | 50 |
合成化合物 | 式(II) | 10 | 20 | 30 | 55 | ||||
式(III) | 30 | ||||||||
式(IV) | 10 | 20 | 30 | ||||||
無機填充物 | 熔融態二氧化矽 | 50 | 50 | 50 | 50 | 50 | 50 | 50 | 50 |
溶劑 | MEK | 40 | 40 | 40 | 40 | 40 | 40 | 40 | 40 |
甲苯 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | |
硬化促進劑 | 辛酸鋅 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 |
25B | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
性質測試 | 測試方法 | E1 | E2 | E3 | E4 | E5 | E6 | E7 | E8 |
Tg | DMA (℃) | 246 | 246 | 246 | 245 | 245 | 245 | 244 | 242 |
熱膨脹率(50~260℃) | TMA(Z-axis,%) | 1.90 | 1.92 | 1.90 | 1.93 | 1.95 | 1.97 | 1.98 | 1.98 |
P/S(lb/inch) | RTF HOz | 4.32 | 4.35 | 4.80 | 4.85 | 4.80 | 4.85 | 4.90 | 4.70 |
PCT(5hrs) | 288℃, 20s | 通過 | 通過 | 通過 | 通過 | 通過 | 通過 | 通過 | 通過 |
Dk | 10GHz,RC=70% | 3.52 | 3.52 | 3.50 | 3.50 | 3.47 | 3.47 | 3.45 | 3.43 |
Df | 10GHz, RC=70% | 0.0045 | 0.0044 | 0.0043 | 0.0042 | 0.0041 | 0.0041 | 0.0040 | 0.0040 |
阻燃性 | UL94 | V-1 | V-1 | V-0 | V-0 | V-0 | V-0 | V-0 | V-0 |
組成份 | E9 | E10 | E11 | E12 | E13 | E14 | E15 | |
聚苯醚樹脂 | SA-9000 | 40 | 20 | 40 | 40 | 40 | 40 | |
OPE-2st | 40 | 20 | ||||||
聚烯烴樹脂 | Ricon100 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 |
氰酸酯樹脂 | BA-230S | 10 | 10 | 10 | 20 | 10 | 10 | |
BTP-6020S | 10 | 10 | 10 | 20 | 10 | 10 | ||
馬來醯亞胺樹脂 | BMI-2300 | 50 | 50 | 50 | 50 | 50 | 50 | 50 |
合成化合物 | 式(II) | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 65 | ||
式(III) | ||||||||
式(IV) | 55 | 65 | ||||||
無機填充物 | 熔融態二氧化矽 | 50 | 50 | 50 | 50 | 50 | 50 | 50 |
溶劑 | MEK | 40 | 40 | 40 | 40 | 40 | 40 | 40 |
甲苯 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | |
硬化促進劑 | 辛酸鋅 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 |
25B | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
性質測試 | 測試方法 | E9 | E10 | E11 | E12 | E13 | E14 | E15 |
Tg | DMA (℃) | 241 | 247 | 246 | 244 | 245 | 240 | 239 |
熱膨脹率 (50~260℃) | TMA (Z-axis,%) | 2.03 | 1.92 | 1.93 | 1.95 | 1.96 | 2.05 | 2.10 |
P/S (lb/inch) | RTF HOz | 4.70 | 4.60 | 4.60 | 4.75 | 4.80 | 4.30 | 4.35 |
PCT (5hrs) | 288℃, 20s | 通過 | 通過 | 通過 | 通過 | 通過 | 通過 | 通過 |
Dk | 10GHz, RC=70% | 3.44 | 3.50 | 3.48 | 3.45 | 3.47 | 3.47 | 3.45 |
Df | 10GHz, RC=70% | 0.0039 | 0.0043 | 0.0042 | 0.0041 | 0.0041 | 0.0041 | 0.0040 |
阻燃性 | UL94 | V-0 | V-0 | V-0 | V-0 | V-0 | V-0 | V-0 |
組成份 | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | C5 | |
聚苯醚樹脂 | SA-9000 | 40 | 40 | 40 | 40 | 40 |
OPE-2st | ||||||
聚烯烴樹脂 | Ricon100 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 |
氰酸酯樹脂 | BA-230S | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 |
BTP-6020S | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | |
馬來醯亞胺樹脂 | BMI-2300 | 50 | 50 | 50 | 50 | 50 |
合成化合物 | 式(II) | |||||
式(III) | ||||||
式(IV) | ||||||
阻燃劑 | PX-200 | 30 | ||||
SPB-100 | 30 | |||||
CR-741 | 30 | |||||
Di-DOPO | 30 | |||||
乙烯基化-THCPO | 30 | |||||
無機填充物 | 熔融態二氧化矽 | 50 | 50 | 50 | 50 | 50 |
溶劑 | MEK | 40 | 40 | 40 | 40 | 40 |
甲苯 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | |
硬化促進劑 | 辛酸鋅 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 |
25B | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
性質測試 | 測試方法 | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | C5 |
Tg | DMA (℃) | 230 | 243 | 228 | 246 | 242 |
熱膨脹率 (50~260℃) | TMA (Z-axis,%) | 2.98 | 2.90 | 3.00 | 3.50 | 2.10 |
P/S (lb/inch) | RTF HOz | 4.40 | 4.50 | 4.40 | 4.30 | 4.40 |
Dk | 10GHz, RC=70% | 3.43 | 3.70 | 3.55 | 3.50 | 3.50 |
Df | 10GHz, RC=70% | 0.0041 | 0.0055 | 0.0043 | 0.0044 | 0.0050 |
性質測試的待測樣品的製備:
前述性質測試是分別選用E1至E15和C1至C5的樹脂組合物,將樹脂組合物分別於攪拌槽中混合均勻,置入一含浸槽中,再將玻璃纖維布(規格爲2116的E-玻璃纖維布(E-glass fiber fabric),購自Asahi)浸入上述含浸槽,使樹脂組合物附著於玻璃纖維布上,再於120至160℃下進行加熱烘烤成半固化態,得到各半固化片,可用於製成以下待測樣品。 1. 含銅基板(五片半固化片壓合而成): 準備兩張0.5盎司(厚度爲18微米)的RTF銅箔(reverse treated copper foil)以及五張各待測樣品所製得的半固化片(2116 E-玻璃纖維布),每一張半固化片的樹脂含量約爲55%。依照銅箔、五片半固化片及銅箔的順序進行疊合,於真空條件、195℃下壓合2小時形成含銅箔基板樣品。其中,五張相互疊合的半固化片會固化形成兩銅箔間的絕緣材料層,絕緣材料層的樹脂含量約爲55%。 2. 不含銅基板(五片半固化片壓合而成): 將上述含銅基板經蝕刻去除兩銅箔,以獲得不含銅基板,不含銅基板是由五片半固化片所壓合而成,其樹脂含量約爲55%。 3、不含銅基板(兩片半固化片壓合而成): 準備兩張0.5盎司的RTF銅箔以及兩張各待測樣品所製得的半固化片(1080 E-玻璃纖維布),每一張半固化片的樹脂含量約爲70%。依照銅箔、兩片半固化片及銅箔的順序進行疊合,於真空條件、195℃下壓合2小時形成含銅箔基板。接著,將所得到的含銅基板經蝕刻去除兩銅箔,以獲得不含銅基板(兩片半固化片壓合而成),其樹脂含量約爲70%。 4、不含銅基板(八片半固化片壓合而成): 準備兩張0.5盎司的HTE銅箔以及八張各待測樣品所製得的半固化片(7628 E-玻璃纖維布),每一張半固化片的樹脂含量約爲45%。依照銅箔、八片半固化片及銅箔的順序進行疊合,於真空條件、195℃下壓合2小時形成含銅箔基板。接著,將所得到的含銅基板經蝕刻去除兩銅箔,以獲得不含銅基板(八片半固化片壓合而成),其樹脂含量約爲45%。
對於前述待測樣品,依照下述方式進行性質測試。 1.玻璃轉化溫度(glass transition temperature,Tg): 於玻璃轉化溫度的量測中,選用不含銅基板(五片半固化片壓合而成)作爲待測樣品。採用動態機械分析儀(dynamic mechanical analyzer,DMA),參考IPC-TM-650 2.4.24.4 Glass Transition and Modulus of Materials Used in High Density Interconnection(HDI) and Microvias-DMA Method所述方法測量各待測樣品。 2. 熱膨脹率(thermal expansion ratio,z-axis): 在熱膨脹率的量測中,選用不含銅基板(五片半固化片壓合而成)作爲待測樣品進行熱機械分析(thermal mechanical analysis,TMA)。以溫升速率每分鐘10℃加熱樣品,由50℃升溫至260℃的溫度,參照IPC-TM-650 2.4.24.5所述方法測量各待測樣品的尺寸脹縮率(單位爲%),其尺寸脹縮百分比越低越佳。 3. 銅箔拉力(peel strength,P/S) 選用上述含銅基板(五片半固化片壓合而成)爲待測樣品,使用萬能拉伸強度試驗機,依IPC-TM-650 2.4.8所述方法測量其銅箔拉力(單位爲lb/inch)。 4. 吸濕後耐熱性測試(PCT): 選用不含銅基板(五片半固化片壓合而成),參照IPC-TM-650 2.6.16.1所述的方法經壓力蒸煮測試(pressure cooking test,PCT)在相對濕度100%環境下進行吸濕5小時測試後,使用上述吸濕後的不含銅基板,將各待測樣品分別浸入恒溫設定於288℃的錫爐內20秒,取出後觀察是否發生爆板(爆板即未通過測試),例如絕緣層與絕緣層間是否造成層間剝離,層間剝離即基板任意層間發生起泡分離的現象。 5. 介電常數(dielectric constant,Dk)及介電損耗(dissipation factor,Df): 於介電常數及介電損耗的量測中,選用上述不含銅基板(兩片半固化片壓合而成)爲待測樣品,採用微波介電常數分析儀(microwave dielectrometer,購自日本AET公司),參考JIS C2565 Measuring methods for ferrite cores for microwave device所述方法,於10GHz的頻率下測量各待測樣品。介電常數越低、介電損耗越低代表待測樣品的介電特性越佳。Dk值的差異大於0.05代表不同基板的介電常數之間存在顯著差異。在10 GHz的量測頻率下且Df值小於0.005以下的範圍,Df值的差異大於0.0001代表不同基板的介電損耗之間存在顯著差異(存在顯著的技術困難度)。 6. 阻燃性(flame retardancy): 在阻燃測試中,使用125毫米×13毫米的不含銅基板(八片半固化片壓合而成)爲待測樣品;根據UL94規範方法進行測量,阻燃性分析結果以V-0、V-1、V-2等級表示,其中V-0的阻燃性優於V-1的阻燃性,V-1的阻燃性優於V-2的阻燃性,樣品燃盡則爲最差。
除此之外,採用以下方法比較本發明阻燃劑對於極性樹脂及非極性樹脂的增溶作用。
舉例而言,將10重量份的丁二烯聚合物(Ricon100)及50重量份的雙馬來醯亞胺樹脂(BMI-2300),分別加入單一溶劑或混合溶劑中,例如丁酮(60重量份)、環己酮(60重量份)、混合溶劑1(含有40重量份的丁酮及20重量份的甲苯)、混合溶劑2(含有40重量份的二甲基乙醯胺及20重量份的甲苯)或混合溶劑3(含有40重量份的丁酮及20重量份的二甲基乙醯胺)中,或者以混合溶劑1、混合溶劑2或混合溶劑3包含的兩種溶劑分別將丁二烯聚合物和雙馬來醯亞胺樹脂溶解後再混合,會出現丁二烯聚合物析出,明顯出現樹脂分層現象(分層標示爲O、無分層標示爲╳),如樣本編號A。之後加入10重量份的本發明阻燃劑(式(II)、式(III)或式(IV))或其他阻燃劑並攪拌均勻,靜置24小時後,觀察混合物膠液的分層現象。若無分層現象,代表所添加的阻燃劑有起到增溶的作用。結果如下表4所示。 [表4]增溶測試結果
樣本編號 | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I |
樹脂組分 | 10重量份的丁二烯聚合物(Ricon 100)與50重量份的雙馬來醯亞胺樹脂(BMI-2300) | ||||||||
阻燃劑 | 無 | 式(II) | 式(III) | 式(IV) | PX-200 | SPB-100 | CR-741 | Di-DOPO | 乙烯基化-THCPO |
溶劑 1 | 40重量份的丁酮與20重量份的甲苯 | ||||||||
分層 | ○ | ╳ | ╳ | ╳ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ |
溶劑 2 | 40重量份的二甲基乙醯胺與20重量份的甲苯 | ||||||||
分層 | ○ | ╳ | ╳ | ╳ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ |
溶劑 3 | 40重量份的丁酮與20重量份的二甲基乙醯胺 | ||||||||
分層 | ○ | ╳ | ╳ | ╳ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ |
由表1至表4的分析結果可知,採用本發明的式(I)化合物作爲阻燃劑的樣品在玻璃轉化溫度、熱膨脹率、銅箔拉力、耐熱性、介電常數、介電損耗、阻燃性等一個或多個方面得到改善,例如可同時滿足Z軸熱膨脹率小於或等於2.10%以及介電損耗小於或等於0.0045。更爲意外的發現,本發明的式(I)化合物還可提高極性樹脂及非極性樹脂的相容性,起到顯著的增溶作用。
以上實施方式本質上僅爲輔助說明,且並不欲用以限制申請標的的實施例或這些實施例的應用或用途。在本文中,用語“例示性”代表“作爲一個實例、範例或說明”。本文中任一種例示性的實施形態並不必然可解讀爲相對於其他實施形態而言爲較佳或較有利者。
此外,儘管已於前述實施方式中提出至少一例示性實施例或比較例,但應瞭解本發明仍可存在大量的變化。同樣應瞭解的是,本文所述的實施例並不欲用以通過任何方式限制所請求的申請標的的範圍、用途或組態。相反的,前述實施方式將可提供本領域具有通常知識者一種簡便的指引以實施所述的一種或多種實施例。再者,可對元件的功能與排列進行各種變化而不脫離申請專利範圍所界定的範圍,且申請專利範圍包含已知的均等物及在本專利申請案提出申請時的所有可預見均等物。
圖1爲産物式(II)化合物和原料DABPA的FTIR譜圖。 圖2爲原料DABPA的
1H NMR譜圖。 圖3産物式(II)化合物的
1H NMR譜圖。 圖4爲産物式(II)化合物和原料DABPA的GPC曲線圖。
Claims (14)
- 如請求項1所述的化合物,其中X代表共價鍵、-C(CH3)2-、-CH(CH3)-或-CH2-。
- 如請求項1所述的化合物,其磷含量介於6.0%及9.0%之間。
- 一種如請求項1所述的化合物的製造方法,包括:將含有苯環經取代或未經取代的磷酸二苯酯官能基團或苯環經取代或未經取代的二苯基磷氧官能基團的化合物與含有C2至C6的C=C不飽和鍵的脂烴基的雙酚類化合物進行反應。
- 一種請求項1所述的化合物的用途,其係用作樹脂組合物的交聯劑與阻燃劑。
- 一種樹脂組合物,包括請求項1所述的化合物及樹脂。
- 如請求項7所述的樹脂組合物,其中該樹脂為含不飽和鍵樹脂。
- 如請求項8所述的樹脂組合物,其中該含不飽和鍵樹脂包含一個或多個碳-碳雙鍵、碳-氮雙鍵或碳-氮參鍵。
- 如請求項8所述的樹脂組合物,其中該含不飽和鍵樹脂包含聚烯烴、氰酸酯樹脂、馬來醯亞胺樹脂、乙烯基聚苯醚樹脂、苯乙烯、二乙烯基苯、三烯丙基異氰脲酸酯、三烯丙基氰脲酸酯及其預聚物或其組合。
- 如請求項7所述的樹脂組合物,其中該樹脂包含極性樹脂及非極性樹脂,且該化合物用於提高極性樹脂及非極性樹脂的相容性。
- 如請求項7所述的樹脂組合物,其中相較於100重量份的樹脂,該化合物的含量介於1及100重量份之間。
- 一種由請求項7所述的樹脂組合物製成的物品,其包括半固化片、樹脂膜、積層板或印刷電路板。
- 如請求項13所述的物品,其具有以下特性的至少一種:以TMA儀器參考IPC-TM-650 2.4.24.5所述方法測量而得的Z軸熱膨脹率小於或等於2.10%;以及參考JIS C2565所述方法在10GHz的頻率下測量而得的介電損耗小於或等於0.0045。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201811115021.2 | 2018-09-25 | ||
CN201811115021.2A CN110938234B (zh) | 2018-09-25 | 2018-09-25 | 阻燃性化合物、其制造方法、树脂组合物及其制品 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
TWI683819B true TWI683819B (zh) | 2020-02-01 |
TW202012423A TW202012423A (zh) | 2020-04-01 |
Family
ID=69884516
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
TW107141111A TWI683819B (zh) | 2018-09-25 | 2018-11-19 | 阻燃性化合物、其製造方法、樹脂組合物及其製品 |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US10774266B2 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN110938234B (zh) |
TW (1) | TWI683819B (zh) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
TWI757816B (zh) * | 2020-08-05 | 2022-03-11 | 國立中興大學 | 磷系化合物及其製備方法、阻燃不飽和樹脂組成物及固化物 |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2021237696A1 (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2021-12-02 | Blue Cube Ip Llc | Halogen free very low loss resin composition |
CN116333225A (zh) * | 2021-12-22 | 2023-06-27 | 中山台光电子材料有限公司 | 树脂组合物及其制品 |
US11968780B2 (en) | 2022-06-02 | 2024-04-23 | International Business Machines Corporation | Method to manufacture conductive anodic filament-resistant microvias |
CN115109310B (zh) * | 2022-07-08 | 2024-07-02 | 兰州瑞朴科技有限公司 | 一种阻燃剂及相应阻燃塑料制品 |
CN117430780B (zh) * | 2023-12-20 | 2024-04-12 | 山东一诺威新材料有限公司 | 阻燃硬质聚氨酯泡沫及其制备方法 |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
TWI589628B (zh) * | 2015-12-09 | 2017-07-01 | 中山台光電子材料有限公司 | 樹脂組合物 |
Family Cites Families (19)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2275041A (en) * | 1939-05-08 | 1942-03-03 | Dow Chemical Co | Mixed aromatic phosphates and method for preparing the same |
US3422453A (en) * | 1965-05-27 | 1969-01-14 | Hooker Chemical Corp | Di-o-biphenylyl diphenyl bisphenol a bis phosphate and process |
GB1569021A (en) * | 1976-03-17 | 1980-06-11 | Kuraray Co | Adhesive cementing agents containing partial phosphonic orphosphonic acid esters |
JPH08193090A (ja) * | 1995-01-11 | 1996-07-30 | Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd | 新規燐酸エステル化合物 |
EP0791634B1 (en) * | 1996-02-26 | 2002-11-06 | Mitsubishi Engineering Plastics Corporation | Fire retardant polyester resin composition and process for producing the same |
JP4295764B2 (ja) * | 2003-08-01 | 2009-07-15 | 富士電機ホールディングス株式会社 | 反応性難燃剤及びそれを用いた難燃性樹脂加工品 |
KR100552999B1 (ko) * | 2003-08-04 | 2006-02-15 | 제일모직주식회사 | 난연성 열가소성 수지 조성물 |
CN101124298A (zh) * | 2005-02-21 | 2008-02-13 | 富士电机控股株式会社 | 反应性阻燃剂和阻燃树脂加工的制品 |
CN101831083B (zh) * | 2005-02-21 | 2012-07-18 | 富士电机株式会社 | 反应性阻燃剂和阻燃树脂加工的制品 |
JP4757538B2 (ja) * | 2005-05-24 | 2011-08-24 | 富士電機株式会社 | 難燃性樹脂加工品 |
ATE504285T1 (de) * | 2006-10-13 | 2011-04-15 | Dentsply Detrey Gmbh | Dentalklebstoffzusammensetzung |
CN101899310A (zh) * | 2009-05-27 | 2010-12-01 | 江苏雅克化工有限公司 | 二元酚(芳基多聚磷酸酯)阻燃剂制备方法 |
CN103172906A (zh) * | 2011-12-20 | 2013-06-26 | 威海市泓淋电子有限公司 | 一种磷酸酯阻燃剂 |
CN103709717B (zh) * | 2013-12-17 | 2017-10-20 | 中山台光电子材料有限公司 | 乙烯苄基醚化‑dopo化合物树脂组合物及制备和应用 |
CN106366128B (zh) * | 2015-07-24 | 2019-05-07 | 中山台光电子材料有限公司 | 膦菲类化合物及其制备方法和应用 |
CN107641290A (zh) * | 2016-07-21 | 2018-01-30 | 广东广山新材料股份有限公司 | 一种阻燃树脂组合物、热固性树脂组合物、阻燃性工程塑料及复合金属基板 |
CN106243385B (zh) * | 2016-07-27 | 2018-09-14 | 华南理工大学 | 一种dopo基阻燃剂及其制备方法 |
CN109306039A (zh) * | 2017-07-26 | 2019-02-05 | 广东生益科技股份有限公司 | 一种热固性树脂组合物、由其制作的半固化片、覆金属箔层压板及高频电路板 |
CN110655536B (zh) * | 2018-06-28 | 2022-03-01 | 台光电子材料(昆山)有限公司 | 一种含磷化合物、含磷阻燃剂及其制备方法与制品 |
-
2018
- 2018-09-25 CN CN201811115021.2A patent/CN110938234B/zh active Active
- 2018-11-19 TW TW107141111A patent/TWI683819B/zh active
- 2018-11-19 US US16/194,962 patent/US10774266B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
TWI589628B (zh) * | 2015-12-09 | 2017-07-01 | 中山台光電子材料有限公司 | 樹脂組合物 |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
TWI757816B (zh) * | 2020-08-05 | 2022-03-11 | 國立中興大學 | 磷系化合物及其製備方法、阻燃不飽和樹脂組成物及固化物 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN110938234B (zh) | 2021-06-08 |
CN110938234A (zh) | 2020-03-31 |
US20200095504A1 (en) | 2020-03-26 |
TW202012423A (zh) | 2020-04-01 |
US10774266B2 (en) | 2020-09-15 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
TWI683819B (zh) | 阻燃性化合物、其製造方法、樹脂組合物及其製品 | |
CN110655536B (zh) | 一种含磷化合物、含磷阻燃剂及其制备方法与制品 | |
CN106366128B (zh) | 膦菲类化合物及其制备方法和应用 | |
TWI634153B (zh) | 一種樹脂組合物及含有該樹脂組合物的製品及其製備方法 | |
US9872382B2 (en) | Low dielectric composite material and laminate and printed circuit board thereof | |
US9867287B2 (en) | Low dielectric resin composition with phosphorus-containing flame retardant and preparation method and application thereof | |
TWI639652B (zh) | 樹脂組合物及由其製成的物品 | |
TWI710599B (zh) | 樹脂組合物及其製品 | |
CN109517010B (zh) | 阻燃性化合物、其制备方法和应用 | |
TWI629295B (zh) | 含磷乙烯聚苯醚、含有含磷乙烯聚苯醚之樹脂組成物及其製品 | |
TWI657108B (zh) | 環氧樹脂組合物、預浸料、層壓板和印刷電路板 | |
CN112080102A (zh) | 树脂组合物及具有其的半固化片、绝缘薄膜、覆金属箔层压板、印制线路板 | |
TWI631182B (zh) | 一種樹脂組合物及其製品 | |
JP6589623B2 (ja) | 熱硬化性樹脂組成物、プリプレグ、銅張積層板及びプリント配線板 | |
TWI743501B (zh) | 樹脂組合物、印刷電路用預浸片及覆金屬層壓板 | |
TWI689525B (zh) | 樹脂組合物及由其製成的製品 | |
JP2017210545A (ja) | 熱硬化性樹脂組成物、並びにこれを用いたプリプレグ、銅張積層板及びプリント配線板 | |
JP2021011535A (ja) | 熱硬化性樹脂組成物、プリプレグ、銅張積層板、プリント配線板及び半導体パッケージ | |
CN113980051B (zh) | 阻燃性化合物、其制造方法、树脂组合物及其制品 | |
TWI808824B (zh) | 樹脂組合物及其製品 | |
CN116003468A (zh) | 含磷硅烷化合物、其制造方法、树脂组合物及其制品 | |
TW202426566A (zh) | 樹脂組合物及其製品 | |
CN116410596A (zh) | 一种树脂组合物及其应用 |