TWI679110B - 具有陶瓷相之層合玻璃物件及製造該物件之方法 - Google Patents

具有陶瓷相之層合玻璃物件及製造該物件之方法 Download PDF

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TWI679110B
TWI679110B TW107139988A TW107139988A TWI679110B TW I679110 B TWI679110 B TW I679110B TW 107139988 A TW107139988 A TW 107139988A TW 107139988 A TW107139988 A TW 107139988A TW I679110 B TWI679110 B TW I679110B
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文卡塔拉曼納特桑
Natesan Venkataraman
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Corning Incorporated
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Abstract

一種用於形成具有陶瓷相之層合玻璃物件的方法,該陶瓷相例如為β-鋰輝石相,該陶瓷相至少位在玻璃核心及直接鄰接的多個玻璃包覆層之間的接合介面處,且在一些實施例中,該陶瓷相位在整個層合玻璃物件中。在一些實施例中,在此揭露一種用於形成β-鋰輝石玻璃陶瓷片、或具有陶瓷相之層合玻璃物件、或是具有β-鋰輝石玻璃陶瓷之層合玻璃物件的方法。

Description

具有陶瓷相之層合玻璃物件及製造該物件之方法
本說明書大致上是關於一種包含玻璃層及陶瓷相的物件,特別是關於具有陶瓷相的層合物件,該層合物件包括夾置(sandwich)於第一及第二玻璃包覆層之間的玻璃核心,該陶瓷相例如為β-鋰輝石相,該陶瓷相至少位在核心及包覆層之間的接合介面(juncture)處。
例如覆蓋玻璃、玻璃底板及其類似物等玻璃物件係應用於例如液晶顯示器及發光二極體顯示器、電腦顯示器、自動櫃員機(ATM)及其類似物之消費及商用電子裝置上。這些玻璃物件中的一些玻璃物件可能包含「觸控」的功能,而使該玻璃物件必須被各種不同的物體所接觸,這些物體包含使用者之手指及╱或觸控筆裝置,因此玻璃必須足夠堅固才可承受經常接觸而不致於損壞。此外,此玻璃物件可能也必須併入至例如行動電話、個人媒體播放器及平板電腦的可攜式電子裝置中。併入至這些裝置的玻璃物件可能容易在運輸及╱或使用這些相關裝置的過程中損壞。因此,用於電子裝置中的玻璃物件可能需要強化其強度,以不僅能夠承受日常實際使用的「觸控」接觸,而且還能承受在裝置運輸過程中可能會發生的偶然接觸及碰撞。
根據本案揭露內容,係揭露一種用於形成具有陶瓷相之層合玻璃物件的方法,該陶瓷相例如為β-鋰輝石(beta-spodumene)相,該陶瓷相至少位在玻璃核心及直接鄰接的多個玻璃包覆層之間的接合介面處,且在一些實施例中,該陶瓷相位在整個層合玻璃物件中。在一些實施例中,在此揭露一種用於形成β-鋰輝石玻璃陶瓷片或是具有β-鋰輝石玻璃陶瓷之層合玻璃物件的方法。
在一些實施例中,揭露一種用於形成β-鋰輝石玻璃陶瓷片的方法,該方法透過以下步驟達成:以玻璃熔合層合(fusion lamination)製程形成具有多個包覆層及核心層的層合玻璃片,該些包覆層由富含鋰玻璃組成物所形成,該核心層由富含鈉(鋰貧乏)玻璃組成物所形成;熱處理該層合玻璃片,以使該核心層及該些包覆層之間交換鹼金屬離子;以及再次熱處理該層合玻璃片,以在該層合玻璃片中成核結晶(nucleate)及生長陶瓷相。
在一些實施例中,揭露一種包括製備具有低液化黏度(liquidus viscosity)之富含鋰玻璃組成物的方法,因此該富含鋰玻璃組成物不會自行熔合成型。在熔合層合製程中,此富含鋰玻璃組成物係用以作為包覆層。具有較高液化黏度之富含鈉(鋰貧乏)玻璃組成物係用以藉由熔合層合製程而形成該層合物的核心。在藉由熔合層合製程形成該層合物結構後,熱處理該層合物以使鋰離子自包覆物中擴散至核心,並且使鈉離子自核心擴散至包覆物。接著利用第二熱處理步驟,以在該玻璃層合物中成核結晶及生長β-鋰輝石相。
在另一組實施例中,揭露一種亦包括β-鋰輝石相的玻璃物件,該玻璃物件包括設置於第一玻璃包覆層及第二玻璃包覆層之間的玻璃核心層。在這些實施例的一些實施例中,核心玻璃可具有第一表面及相對於該第一表面之第二表面,其中第一玻璃包覆層可熔合至玻璃核心層之第一表面,且第二玻璃包覆層可熔合至玻璃核心層之第二表面。在其他實施例中,可設置第一擴散玻璃層於玻璃核心層及第一玻璃包覆層之間;額外地,可設置第二擴散玻璃層於玻璃核心層及第二玻璃包覆層之間;這些擴散層可形成於例如熔合成型製程中,或是在熔合曳引後之一或多個熱處理步驟中。
在一些實施例中,第一玻璃包覆層及第二玻璃包覆層係由一或多個含鋰玻璃組成物所形成;在一些實施例中,第一玻璃包覆層及第二玻璃包覆層係由一或多個富含鋰玻璃組成物所形成;在一些實施例中,第一玻璃包覆層及第二玻璃包覆層係由一或多個富含鋰、鈉貧乏玻璃組成物(例如相對於玻璃核心層)所形成。
在一些實施例中,玻璃核心層係由含鈉玻璃組成物所形成;在一些實施例中,玻璃核心層係由富含鈉玻璃組成物所形成;在一些實施例中,玻璃核心層係由富含鈉、鋰貧乏玻璃組成物(例如相對於玻璃包覆層)所形成。
在一些實施例中,在藉由熔合層合製程形成層合物結構後,熱處理該層合物結構以使鋰離子自包覆物中擴散至核心,並且使鈉離子自核心擴散至包覆物。接著利用第二熱處理步驟,以在該玻璃層合物中成核結晶及生長β-鋰輝石相。
在另一態樣中,在此揭露一種熔合成型強介電玻璃-陶瓷系多點觸控顯示物件,該物件結合了高透明度及高介電常數,還結合了高強度及韌性。在一些實施例中,此種物件不需要使玻璃強化的離子交換製程。此熔合成型玻璃-陶瓷可用於以透明強介電玻璃-陶瓷基板為基礎的多點觸控電容式顯示裝置。可以藉由利用在層合物熔合曳引機上形成玻璃片後之退火循環來製造強介電玻璃-陶瓷基板。藉由利用長得足以使基板中之晶粒大小大於可見光波長(前散射情況下)的退火循環,可達成強介電玻璃-陶瓷的透明度。相較於純玻璃,均勻之小晶粒存在可增加介電常數約10倍。
此玻璃組成物及由此玻璃組成物所形成之玻璃物件的額外特性及優點將在下文的詳細敘述中說明,且本發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者由該敘述可容易明瞭部分的該些額外特性及優點,或本發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者透過實施此述的實施例(包括下文的詳細敘述、申請專利範圍、以及附圖),而可認識部分的該些額外特性及優點。
應理解的是,不管是前述之概略敘述或後述之詳細敘述係在說明各種實施例,且申請人希望這些概略描述或詳細描述提供概觀及架構,以使世人了解所請求標的之本質與特點。所包含的附圖係為了增進對各個實施例的進一步了解,且該些附圖併入於此且構成本說明書的一部分。圖式繪示了於此所述之各種實施例,且伴隨說明書一同解釋所請求標的之原理及操作。
以下詳細內容參照於此揭露之玻璃陶瓷組成物及併有該組成物之物件的實施例,該等實施例之範例將於附圖中繪示。盡可能地,在所有圖式中使用相同的元件符號代表相同元件或類似部件。
於此使用之「液化黏度」的用語,代表玻璃組成物在其液化溫度下的剪切黏度。
於此使用之「液化溫度』的用語,代表在玻璃組成物中發生去玻(devitrification)的最高溫度。
於此使用之「CTE』的用語,代表在約20°C至約300°C之溫度範圍中平均後所得的玻璃組成物的熱膨脹係數。
「實質上不含」的用語,當用於敘述在玻璃組成物中沒有特定氧化物成分時,表示存在於該玻璃組成物之該成分係為小於1莫耳%之微量污染物。
於此所述之玻璃組成物的實施例中,除非另外敘明,否則組成成分(例如SiO2 、Al2 O3 、Na2 O及其類似物)的濃度係以氧化物為準之莫耳百分比(莫耳%)表示。
於此所述之玻璃組成物可能選擇性地包含一或多種澄清劑。澄清劑可包含例如SnO2 、As2 O3 、Sb2 O3 及其組合。澄清劑可能以大於或等於約0莫耳%至小於或等於約0.5莫耳%的含量存在於玻璃組成物中。在例示性實施例中,澄清劑為SnO2 。在這些實施例中,SnO2 可能以大於或等於約0莫耳%,且小於或等於約0.2莫耳%或甚至小於或等於約0.15莫耳%的濃度存在於玻璃組成物中。
於此敘述之一些實施例中,玻璃組成物可更包括微量之其他氧化物。
於此敘述之一些實施例中,玻璃組成物係實質上不含重金屬及重金屬化合物。實質上不含重金屬與重金屬化合物的玻璃組成物也可稱為「綠色環保(SuperGreen)」玻璃組成物。於此使用之「重金屬」的用語係指Ba、As、Sb、Cd及Pb。
於此所揭露之玻璃組成物具有使其適用於熔合曳引製程的液化黏度,特別是具有使其適用於熔合層合製程中之玻璃包覆組成物或玻璃核心組成物的液化黏度。
請參照第1圖,在此所述之玻璃組成物可用於形成一物件,例如第1圖之剖面圖中所示意性描繪的層合玻璃物件100。層合玻璃物件100大致上包括玻璃核心層102及一對玻璃包覆層104a、104b。如同在此將更詳加討論的,於此所述之玻璃組成物係特別適合用於玻璃包覆層。
第1圖繪示了玻璃核心層102,圖中所示的玻璃核心層102包括第一表面103a及相對於該第一表面103a的第二表面103b。第一玻璃包覆層104a係直接熔合至玻璃核心層102之第一表面103a,而第二玻璃包覆層104b係直接熔合至玻璃核心層102之第二表面103b。在陶瓷化後,玻璃包覆層104a、104b即可熔合至玻璃核心層102,而不需要任何額外材料設置於玻璃核心層102及玻璃包覆層104a、104b之間,所述材料如黏著劑、聚合物層、塗佈層或其類似物。因此,玻璃核心層的第一表面係直接鄰接第一玻璃包覆層,而玻璃核心層之第二表面係直接鄰接第二玻璃包覆層。在一些實施例中,玻璃核心層102及玻璃包覆層104a、104b係藉由熔合層合製程而形成。擴散層(圖未示)可形成於玻璃核心層102及第一玻璃包覆層104a之間、或可形成於玻璃核心層102及第二玻璃包覆層104b之間,或形成於上述二者位置。
在於此所述之層合玻璃物件100的至少一些實施例中,玻璃包覆層104a、104b係形成自具有平均包覆熱膨脹係數CTEclad 之第一玻璃-陶瓷組成物,而玻璃核心層102係形成自具有平均熱膨脹係數CTEcore 之不同之第二玻璃組成物。
特別是,於此所述之玻璃物件100可由熔合層合製程所形成,例如美國專利第4,214,886號所述之製程,該專利於此以參考形式併入。參照第2圖作為例子,用以形成層合玻璃物件之層合物熔合曳引設備200包含位於下等管(isopipe)204上之上等管202。上等管202包含貯槽210,融熔玻璃包覆組成物206自熔爐(圖未示)輸入該貯槽210。相似地,下等管204包含貯槽212,融熔玻璃核心組成物208自熔爐(圖未示)輸入該貯槽212。在於此敘述之實施例中,融熔玻璃核心組成物208具有適當之高液化黏度,以使其流過下等管204。
當融熔玻璃核心組成物208填滿貯槽212時,其滿溢出貯槽212並流動於下等管204之外形成表面216、218上。下等管204之外形成表面216、218匯合於根部220。因此,流動於外形成表面216、218上之融熔玻璃核心組成物208在下等管204之根部220重新結合,而形成了層合玻璃結構之玻璃核心層102。
同時,融熔玻璃-陶瓷包覆組成物206滿溢出形成於上等管202中之貯槽210,並流動於上等管202之外形成表面222、224上。融熔玻璃-陶瓷包覆組成物206需要具有低液化黏度,使其可流過上等管202上,並且以玻璃存在時,將具有等於或小於玻璃核心組成物208的熱膨脹係數,舉例而言,約5 x 10-7 以內。融熔玻璃-陶瓷包覆組成物206藉由上等管202 而向外轉向,故融熔玻璃-陶瓷包覆組成物206在下等管204的周圍流動,並接觸流動於下等管之外形成表面216、218上的融熔玻璃核心組成物208,因而與融熔玻璃核心組成物熔合並形成圍繞玻璃核心層102的前陶瓷化玻璃包覆層104a、104b。
在一些實施例中,據此形成之層合片中,包覆物之厚度也將顯著地比核心玻璃厚度薄,因此包覆物進行壓縮而核心進行拉張。但由於熱膨脹係數的差異不大,核心中拉張應力的量值非常低,例如10 MPa或更低的等級,而使得層合片生產過程中相對容易中斷曳引,這是由於其低核心張力層級所致。因此,層合片能自熔合曳引設備所曳引之層合結構切下,並且在層合片切下後,切下的產物可接著進行適當之熱處理。
於此揭露之層合玻璃物件可應用於各種消費電子裝置,包含行動電話、個人音樂播放器、平板電腦、液晶顯示器及發光二極體顯示器、自動櫃員機及其類似物,並不以此為限。
在一些實施例中,層合玻璃物件可包括一或多個不透明、透明或半透明的層,例如衍生自玻璃組成物的包覆物,其中包覆層在熱處理後為不透明、透明或半透明。此外,片狀玻璃之用途是可利用的。
將為所屬技術領域具有通常知識者所理解的是,可對所述實施例進行各種修飾與變更而不脫離所請標的之精神與範疇。因此,申請人希望,說明書涵蓋各種於此所述之各個實施例的修飾及變更,前提為此修飾及變更皆位於所附申請專利範圍及其等效例之範疇內。
100‧‧‧層合玻璃物件
102‧‧‧玻璃核心層
103a‧‧‧第一表面
104a‧‧‧第一玻璃包覆層
104b‧‧‧第二玻璃包覆層
200‧‧‧層合物玻璃接設備
202‧‧‧上等管
204‧‧‧下等管
206‧‧‧融熔玻璃包覆組成物
208‧‧‧融熔玻璃核心組成物
210‧‧‧貯槽
212‧‧‧貯槽
216、218、222、224‧‧‧外形成表面
220‧‧‧根部
第1圖係為示意性地描繪根據於此所示及敘述之一或多個實施例之層合玻璃物件的剖面;以及
第2圖係為示意性地描繪製造第1圖之玻璃物件的熔合曳引製程。
國內寄存資訊 (請依寄存機構、日期、號碼順序註記) 無
國外寄存資訊 (請依寄存國家、機構、日期、號碼順序註記) 無
(請換頁單獨記載) 無

Claims (12)

  1. 一種製造一層合結構的方法,包括以下步驟:藉由熔合曳引(fusion draw)法形成一層合結構,該層合結構包括夾置於一第一包覆層及一第二包覆層之間的一核心層,該核心層包括一富含鈉(鋰貧乏)玻璃組成物,該第一及第二包覆層包括富含鋰玻璃組成物;以及熱處理該層合結構,以使鋰離子自該第一及第二包覆層中至少一層擴散至該核心層,並且使鈉離子自該核心層擴散至該些包覆層中該第一或第二包覆層之至少一層,其中該第一包覆層及第二包覆層具有於20℃至300℃之溫度範圍中測量的熱膨脹係數(CTE),係在該核心層之熱膨脹係數的5 x 10-7以內。
  2. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之方法,更包括熱處理該結構第二次,以在該玻璃層合結構中成核結晶及生長一陶瓷相。
  3. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之方法,其中該結構係充分加熱,以使該第一及第二包覆層中至少一層壓縮式受壓(compressively stress)。
  4. 如申請專利範圍第2項所述之方法,其中該陶瓷相為β-鋰輝石(beta-spodumene)相。
  5. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之方法,更包括接在該形成步驟之後而在該加熱處理步驟之前,切割該層合結構。
  6. 一種形成具有陶瓷相之層合玻璃物件的方法,該方法包括以下步驟:藉由熔合曳引法形成一層合玻璃片,該層合玻璃片具有複數個包覆層及一核心層,該些包覆層由富含一第一鹼金屬之一第一玻璃組成物所形成,該核心層由富含一第二鹼金屬之一第二玻璃組成物所形成,且該第一鹼金屬係不同於該第二鹼金屬;熱處理該層合玻璃片,以使該核心層及該些包覆層之間交換該第一及第二鹼金屬的離子;以及再次熱處理該層合玻璃片,以在該層合玻璃片中成核結晶及生長一陶瓷相。
  7. 如申請專利範圍第6項所述之方法,其中該第一鹼金屬為鋰。
  8. 如申請專利範圍第6項所述之方法,其中該第二鹼金屬為鈉。
  9. 如申請專利範圍第6項所述之方法,其中該第一鹼金屬為鋰,且該第二鹼金屬為鈉。
  10. 如申請專利範圍第6項所述之方法,其中該層合玻璃片係充分加熱,以使該第一及第二包覆層中至少一層壓縮式受壓。
  11. 如申請專利範圍第6項所述之方法,其中該陶瓷相為β-鋰輝石相。
  12. 如申請專利範圍第6項所述之方法,更包括接在該形成步驟之後而在該再次熱處理該層合玻璃片以在該層合玻璃片中成核結晶及生長該陶瓷相步驟之前,切割該層合玻璃片。
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CN104918782B (zh) 2018-11-06
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US10357945B2 (en) 2019-07-23
TWI679108B (zh) 2019-12-11
WO2014055837A2 (en) 2014-04-10
TW201906725A (zh) 2019-02-16
WO2014055837A3 (en) 2014-05-30
US20150251383A1 (en) 2015-09-10
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