TWI665969B - 植酸酶調配物 - Google Patents
植酸酶調配物 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TWI665969B TWI665969B TW103108232A TW103108232A TWI665969B TW I665969 B TWI665969 B TW I665969B TW 103108232 A TW103108232 A TW 103108232A TW 103108232 A TW103108232 A TW 103108232A TW I665969 B TWI665969 B TW I665969B
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- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- concentration
- sodium
- phytase
- enzyme
- enzyme formulation
- Prior art date
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 114
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 229940085127 phytase Drugs 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 108010011619 6-Phytase Proteins 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 128
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 128
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 128
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 36
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000004599 antimicrobial Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- CHHHXKFHOYLYRE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 2,4-Hexadienoic acid, potassium salt (1:1), (2E,4E)- Chemical compound [K+].CC=CC=CC([O-])=O CHHHXKFHOYLYRE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 15
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004302 potassium sorbate Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000010241 potassium sorbate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 229940069338 potassium sorbate Drugs 0.000 claims description 15
- WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium benzoate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004299 sodium benzoate Substances 0.000 claims description 15
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- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 claims description 15
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- JXKPEJDQGNYQSM-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium propionate Chemical compound [Na+].CCC([O-])=O JXKPEJDQGNYQSM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 13
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- 229960003212 sodium propionate Drugs 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000001509 sodium citrate Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium citrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 10
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- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K tripotassium phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 6
- BCZXFFBUYPCTSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium propionate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CCC([O-])=O.CCC([O-])=O BCZXFFBUYPCTSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- XJMWHXZUIGHOBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;propanoic acid Chemical compound N.CCC(O)=O XJMWHXZUIGHOBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
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- 229930195725 Mannitol Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
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- HDTRYLNUVZCQOY-WSWWMNSNSA-N Trehalose Natural products O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 HDTRYLNUVZCQOY-WSWWMNSNSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- 235000010233 benzoic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
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Abstract
本發明提供液體酶調配物、酶顆粒調配物、使用流化床乾燥器製造酶顆粒之方法,其中該等酶顆粒無需熱穩定塗層即具有熱穩定性。該等酶顆粒係用於製造動物飼料之植酸酶顆粒,其中該植酸酶顆粒無需熱穩定塗層即具有熱穩定性,且該植酸酶在80℃下造粒後保留其活性之約63%至約134%。
Description
本發明係關於液體酶調配物、粒化酶調配物及使用流化床乾燥器製造酶顆粒之方法,其中酶顆粒無需熱穩定塗層即具有熱穩定性。
製造動物飼料的製程已廣為人們所接受。動物飼料的工業級生產一般涉及:獲得原料,研磨原料,混合原料與乾燥及/或液體成份,造粒及乾燥。
原料係動物飼料之原始成份,其來自多種來源,包括:植物;動物;可食用副產物;及添加劑,例如維生素、礦物質、酶及其他營養素(SAPKOTA;Environ Health Perspect.2007年5月;115(5):663-670)。
諸如酶等動物飼料添加劑經設計以藉由釋放營養素及容許促進必需維生素及礦物質在動物中之吸收來提高飼料之營養價值,繼而提高動物產物產率,同時減少動物廢物中之有害材料。
在動物飼料製造中用作添加劑之酶包括(但不限於):植酸酶、纖維素酶、乳糖酶、脂肪酶、蛋白酶、過氧化氫酶、木聚糖酶、β-葡聚糖酶、甘露聚糖酶、澱粉酶、醯胺酶、環氧化物水解酶、酯酶、磷脂酶、轉胺酶、胺氧化酶、纖維二糖水解酶、氨裂解酶或其任一組合。
通常將酶以乾燥酶顆粒或液體酶調配物形式引入動物飼料製程中。乾燥酶調配物或液體酶調配物之選擇取決於在動物飼料碾磨機中使用之操作條件。舉例而言,在動物飼料生產之混合及造粒製程期
間,溫度介於37℃至95℃或更高溫度範圍內。
可將液體酶調配物在造粒後添加至飼料或食物中,以避免在造粒製程期間會發生之酶的熱去活化。然而,在最終飼料或食物製劑中酶之量通常極小,此使得酶在飼料或食物中難以達成均勻分佈,且眾所周知液體較乾燥成份更難均勻混合。另外,在造粒後需要專用(昂貴)設備將液體添加至飼料,目前此在大部分飼料碾磨機中無法實現(由於額外成本)。即使在施加包含酶之液體調配物時,該等調配物之儲存穩定性通常成問題,參見WO 2005/074705。
可在造粒製程之前將乾燥或粒化酶調配物添加至混合器中。然而,在混合及造粒製程期間使用之高溫通常需要特殊塗佈之粒化酶調配物,以使酶在最終飼料丸粒中保留活性。另外,酶通常係以液體調配物來製造,因此將酶乾燥為顆粒、塗佈顆粒、將顆粒輸送至飼料碾磨機和將顆粒添加至飼料混合器之製程會增加成本及時間。
業內有多種粒化技術,包括(但不限於)擠出、高剪切粒化及流化床粒化。
擠出及滾圓係藉由混合酶與載劑並擠出混合物以形成顆粒來產生顆粒之製程。
高剪切粒化一般包括用混合葉片、切碎機及/或動葉輪混合乾燥成份與液體成份。可以高強度或低強度進行混合。
流化床粒化涉及單一容器,其中使成份懸浮於加熱空氣中,成份發生黏聚,顆粒乾燥,且落至床上。流化床粒化之優點在於,其減少單元操作及製造時間。然而,熱空氣可使酶變性,降低酶活性或二者同時發生。因此,業內需要提供可用於流化床粒化製程中之熱穩定酶及酶調配物或其組合。
在一實施例中,所產生酶顆粒用作動物飼料添加劑。
多種動物可受益於含有酶之動物飼料,該等動物包括:非反芻
動物,例如家禽、肉雞、鳥類、雞、蛋雞、火雞、鴨、鵝及飛禽;反芻動物,例如母牛、牛、馬及綿羊;豬(pig)、豬(swine)、小豬、生長豬及母豬;伴侶動物,包括(但不限於):貓、狗、齧齒類動物及兔;魚,包括(但不限於)鮭魚、鱒魚、吳郭魚、鯰魚及鯉魚;及甲殼類動物包括(但不限於)蝦及明蝦。
如本文所用「酶」係指可用作動物飼料添加劑之任何酶。舉例而言,可用於本發明中之酶包括(但不限於):植酸酶、乳糖酶、脂肪酶、蛋白酶、過氧化氫酶、木聚糖酶、纖維素酶、葡聚糖酶、甘露聚糖酶、澱粉酶、醯胺酶、環氧化物水解酶、酯酶、磷脂酶、轉胺酶、胺氧化酶、纖維二糖水解酶、氨裂解酶或其任一組合。
「植酸酶」係催化自植酸鹽受質移除一或多個磷酸基之酶。在另一實施例中,植酸酶係磷酸單酯水解酶,其催化植酸(肌型肌醇-六磷酸鹽)水解為磷酸鹽及具有少於六個磷酸基之肌型肌醇。根據國際生物化學與分子生物學聯盟命名委員會(IUBMB)之建議及Bairoch A.,「The ENZYME database in 2000」,Nucleic Acids Res 28:304-305(2000),植酸酶可以各種名稱及識別碼來闡述。在另一實施例中,植酸酶被描述為具有酶學委員會(EC)編號EC 3.1.3.8,且亦稱作:1-植酸酶;肌型肌醇-六磷酸鹽3-磷酸水解酶;植酸鹽1-磷酸酶;植酸鹽3-磷酸酶;或植酸鹽6-磷酸酶。在另一實施例中,植酸酶被描述為EC 3.1.3.26,亦稱作:4-植酸酶;6-植酸酶(基於1L-編號系統而非1D編號之名稱);或植酸鹽6-磷酸酶。在另一實施例中,植酸酶被描述為EC 3.1.3.72,亦稱作5-植酸酶。在另一實施例中,植酸酶係組胺酸磷酸酶(HAP);β-螺旋槳植酸酶;紫色酸性磷酸酶(PAP);及蛋白
質酪胺酸磷酸酶(PTPs)。在一些實施例中,使用業內已知之命名來闡述植酸酶。
「肌醇磷酸酶」係催化自肌醇磷酸鹽分子移除一或多個磷酸基之酶。
「植酸鹽」或植酸係肌型肌醇六磷酸鹽。其係肌醇磷酸鹽之完全磷酸化形式。
「肌醇磷酸鹽」係在其一或多個羥基位置磷酸化之肌型肌醇。
「纖維素酶」係催化聚合碳水化合物(例如纖維素、葡甘露聚糖、甘露聚糖、葡聚糖及木葡聚糖)水解之酶。
「木聚糖酶」係催化直鏈多糖β-1,4-木聚糖降解為木糖之酶。
「葡聚糖酶」係催化包含葡萄糖亞單元之葡聚糖降解之酶。葡聚糖酶之實例包括α-1,4-葡聚糖酶、α-1,6葡聚糖酶、支鏈澱粉酶、β-1,3-葡聚糖酶、β-1,4-葡聚糖酶及β-1,6-葡聚糖酶。
「甘露聚糖酶」係催化甘露糖多糖聚合物降解之酶。
「澱粉酶」係催化1,4-α-D-糖苷鍵水解以將多糖、寡糖及/或澱粉降解為葡萄糖亞單元之酶。
如本文所用術語「包含」與「包括」、「含有」或「特徵在於」同義,且係包括性或開放性且不排除其他未列舉之要素或方法步驟。
若酶在至少約65℃至約95℃之高溫處理後或在高於95℃之溫度下保留其大部分活性,則該酶係「熱穩定」的。
在一些實施例中,熱穩定酶在造粒製程後保留其活性之至少:5%、6%、7%、8%、9%、10%、11%、12%、13%、14%、15%、16%、17%、18%、19%、20%、21%、22%、23%、24%、25%、26%、27%、28%、29%、30%、31%、32%、33%、34%、35%、36%、37%、38%、39%、40%、41%、42%、43%、44%、45%、46%、47%、48%、49%、50%、51%、52%、53%、54%、55%、
56%、57%、58%、59%、60%、61%、62%、63%、64%、65%、66%、67%、68%、69%、70%、71%、72%、73%、74%、75%、76%、77%、78%、79%、80%、81%、82%、83%、84%、85%、86%、87%、88%、89%、90%、91%、92%、93%、94%、95%、96%、97%、98%、99%或100%。在實施例中,造粒製程係在至少75℃、80℃、85℃、88℃、90℃或93℃之溫度下實施。
「酶組合」係可用作動物飼料添加劑之任一酶組合。該等酶組合之實例陳述於表1中。
如本文所用「液體酶調配物」係包含酶、緩衝液、穩定劑及抗微生物劑之組合物。
在一實施例中,液體酶調配物包含酶,其中該酶係植酸酶、纖維素酶、乳糖酶、脂肪酶、蛋白酶、過氧化氫酶、木聚糖酶、β-葡聚糖酶、甘露聚糖酶、澱粉酶、醯胺酶、環氧化物水解酶、酯酶、磷脂酶、轉胺酶、胺氧化酶、纖維二糖水解酶、氨裂解酶或其任一組合。
在一實施例中,液體酶調配物包含緩衝液,包括(但不限於)檸檬酸鈉、檸檬酸鉀、檸檬酸、乙酸鈉、乙酸、磷酸鈉、磷酸鉀及其任一組合。
在一實施例中,液體酶調配物包含穩定劑,其中該穩定劑係氯化鈉、山梨醇、甘油、蔗糖、甘露醇、海藻糖或其任一組合。在另一實施例中,液體酶調配物可包括兩種穩定劑。
在一實施例中,液體酶調配物包含抗微生物劑,其中該抗微生物劑係山梨酸鉀;山梨酸鈉、山梨酸;苯甲酸鈉;苯甲酸、丙酸鈣、丙酸鈉、丙酸銨;丙酸或其任一組合。
在一實施例中,液體酶調配物陳述於表2中:
在一實施例中,液體酶調配物係液體產物,其中該液體產物係在造粒後施加。在另一實施例中,液體產物係酶、氯化鈉、山梨醇、檸檬酸鈉、山梨酸鉀及苯甲酸鈉。在另一實施例中,液體產物係具有11,000-12,000單位/g植酸酶、15%氯化鈉、4%山梨醇、50mM檸檬酸鈉、0.2%山梨酸鉀、0.1%苯甲酸鈉及0.1%丙酸鈉(所有%皆係w/v%)之組合物。在另一實施例中,液體產物係具有11,000-12,000單位/g植酸酶、15%氯化鈉、6%蔗糖、50mM檸檬酸鈉、0.2%山梨酸鉀、0.1%苯甲酸鈉、0.1%丙酸鈉(所有%皆係w/v%)之組合物。
在一實施例中,液體酶調配物係液體濃縮物,其中該液體濃縮物係在造粒製程之前添加至飼料糊狀物。在一實施例中,液體濃縮物係酶及蔗糖及氯化鈉及檸檬酸鈉及山梨酸鉀、苯甲酸鈉及丙酸鈉。在另一實施例中,液體濃縮物係包含以下物質之組合物:44,000-48,000單位/g植酸酶、20%蔗糖、1% NaCl、50mM檸檬酸鈉(pH 5.1)、0.1%苯甲酸鈉、0.4%山梨酸鉀、0.4%丙酸鈉。在另一實施例中,液體濃
縮物係包含以下物質之組合物:44,000-48,000單位/g植酸酶、2%-40%山梨醇、1% NaCl、50mM檸檬酸鈉(pH 4.5、4.6、4.7、4.8、4.9、5.0、5.1、5.2、5.3、5.4或5.5)、0.1%苯甲酸鈉、0.4%山梨酸鉀、0.4%丙酸鈉。在另一實施例中,液體濃縮物並非終產物,而係中間組合物或調配物,其之後用於產生液體產物或粒化乾燥產物。
如本文所用「粒化酶調配物」係包含以下物質之組合物:載劑;初級溶液,其包含酶、緩衝液、穩定劑、黏合劑、增塑劑、抗微生物劑或其任一組合。在另一實施例中,粒化酶調配物係包含以下物質之組合物:載劑;初級溶液,其包含酶、緩衝液、穩定劑、黏合劑、增塑劑、抗微生物劑;及次級溶液,其包含增強劑、增塑劑或其任一組合。在一實施例中,粒化酶調配物無需使酶顆粒具有保護塗層即具有熱穩定性。在另一實施例中,粒化產物係酶、蔗糖、氯化鈉、檸檬酸鈉、山梨酸鉀、苯甲酸鈉、丙酸鈉、瓜爾膠(guar gum)、小麥麵粉。
在一實施例中,初級溶液係液體酶調配物。在另一實施例中,液體酶調配物係液體產物或液體濃縮物。
在一實施例中,粒化酶調配物包含載劑,其中該載劑係麵粉。在另一實施例中,載劑係澱粉。在實施例中,麵粉係小麥麵粉。在另一實施例中,小麥麵粉係漂白小麥麵粉。在另一實施例中,載劑係小麥麵粉及麥芽糊精。在另一實施例中,載劑係小麥麵粉及預膠凝澱粉。在另一實施例中,麥芽糊精或預膠凝澱粉係作為與麵粉之乾燥混合物來使用。在另一實施例中,麵粉係小麥麵粉或漂白麵粉。在實施例中,麥芽糊精或預膠凝澱粉係作為乾燥混合物來使用。在實施例中,小麥麵粉及高嶺土係乾燥混合物。
在一實施例中,粒化酶調配物包含酶,其中該酶係植酸酶、纖維素酶、乳糖酶、脂肪酶、蛋白酶、過氧化氫酶、木聚糖酶、β-葡聚
糖酶、甘露聚糖酶、澱粉酶、醯胺酶、環氧化物水解酶、酯酶、磷脂酶、轉胺酶、胺氧化酶、纖維二糖水解酶、氨裂解酶或其任一組合。
在一實施例中,粒化酶調配物包含緩衝液,其中該緩衝液係檸檬酸鈉、檸檬酸鉀、檸檬酸、乙酸鈉、乙酸、磷酸鈉、磷酸鉀及其任一組合。
在一實施例中,粒化酶調配物包含穩定劑,其中該穩定劑係蔗糖、氯化鈉、山梨醇、甘油、蔗糖、甘露醇、海藻糖、高嶺土、矽酸鋁、矽酸鎂或其任一組合。
在一實施例中,粒化酶調配物包含黏合劑,其中該黏合劑係瓜爾膠、黃原膠、藻酸鈉、刺槐豆膠、卡拉膠、預膠凝改質澱粉、麥芽糊精、明膠、甲基纖維素、羥丙基纖維素、羥丙基甲基纖維素、羧甲基纖維素或其任一組合。在另一實施例中,天然膠可個別使用或作為至少兩種膠之組合使用。在另一實施例中,澱粉或麥芽糊精係與瓜爾膠組合使用。在另一實施例中,澱粉或麥芽糊精亦起穩定劑作用。
在一實施例中,粒化酶調配物包含增塑劑,其中該增塑劑選自由以下組成之群:甘油、聚乙二醇、檸檬酸三乙酯、三乙酸甘油酯、乙醯基檸檬酸三乙酯。
在一實施例中,粒化酶調配物包含抗微生物劑,其中該抗微生物劑係山梨酸鉀、山梨酸鈉、山梨酸、丙酸、苯甲酸鈉、苯甲酸、丙酸鈉、丙酸鈣、丙酸銨、對羥基苯甲酸甲酯或其任一組合。在另一實施例中,在粒化酶調配物中使用至少兩種抗微生物劑。
在一實施例中,粒化酶調配物包含次級粒化溶液,其中該次級粒化溶液係包含顆粒增強劑及增塑劑之組合物。在另一實施例中,次級粒化溶液增強顆粒大小,產生更大差異性或二者。在另一實施例中,顆粒大小係介於約12網目至約100網目大小範圍之間之任何數值網目大小。在另一實施例中,顆粒大小係介於約20網目至約80網目範
圍之間之任何數值網目大小。在另一實施例中,顆粒大小係介於約30網目至約60網目範圍之間之任何數值網目大小。
在一實施例中,粒化酶調配物包含顆粒增強劑,其中該顆粒增強劑係預膠凝改質澱粉、麥芽糊精、藻酸鈉、含有CaCl2之卡拉膠、不含CaCl2之卡拉膠、含有硼酸鈉之瓜爾膠、不含硼酸鈉之瓜爾膠、明膠;甲基纖維素;羥丙基纖維素;羥丙基甲基纖維素;羧甲基纖維素;氯化鈉;硫酸鈉;高嶺土;矽酸鋁、矽酸鎂及其任一組合。在另一實施例中,增強劑係粒化酶調配物之可選添加物。在另一實施例中,天然膠及離子組合將使該膠交聯為保護凝膠;然而,若已使用該膠作為黏合劑,則不額外添加膠,僅添加離子即足夠。
在一實施例中,粒化酶調配物包含增塑劑,其中該增塑劑係甘油。在另一實施例中,在使用預膠凝改質澱粉時可使用甘油。
在一實施例中,粒化酶調配物進一步包含流動助劑或潤滑劑,其中該流動助劑係選自由以下組成之群:二氧化矽、硬脂酸鎂、高嶺土、滑石粉、矽藻土或其任一組合。在另一實施例中,粒化酶調配物中添加流動助劑或潤滑劑係可選的。在另一實施例中,流動助劑或潤滑劑係乾燥後之乾燥摻合物。在另一實施例中,流動助劑或潤滑劑係作為在次級粒化溶液中之懸浮液來添加。在另一實施例中,粒化乾燥產物係包含以下物質之組合物:11,000-12,000單位/g植酸酶、4.5%蔗糖、0.3%檸檬酸鈉、0.1%山梨酸鉀、0.1%苯甲酸鈉、0.1%丙酸鈉、0-0.25%瓜爾膠及95%小麥麵粉(所有%皆係w/w%)。
在一實施例中,粒化酶調配物陳述於表3中:
說明書中使用之所有表示成份數量、反應條件等之數目在所有情形下皆應理解為經術語「約」修飾。因此,除非指示相反含義,否則本文陳述之數值參數係可隨欲獲得之期望性質而變之近似值。無論如何,且並非試圖限制主張本申請案之優先權之任一申請案中任何申請專利範圍之範疇之等效項原則的應用,每一數值參數皆應根據有效數位之數目及普通舍入方法來解釋。另外,本申請案中揭示之數值範圍係包括性的且揭示範圍內之所有數位。舉例而言,4.5至5.5之pH範圍包括以下pH:4.5、4.6、4.7、4.8、4.9、5.0、5.1、5.2、5.3、5.4及
5.5。
上文說明揭示本發明之若干種方法及材料。本發明易於修改方法及材料,以及改變製造方法及設備。熟習此項技術者在考慮本揭示內容或本文所揭示之本發明之實踐後將瞭解該等修改。因此,不欲將本發明限制於本文所揭示之特定實施例,且其涵蓋在本發明之真實範圍及精神內之所有修改及改變。
本文所引用之所有參考文獻(包括(但不限於)已公開及未公開之申請案、專利及參考文獻)皆係全文以引用方式併入本文中且由此構成本說明書之一部分。在以引用方式併入之出版物及專利或專利申請案與本說明書中所含揭示內容矛盾之意義上,說明書意欲取代及/或優先於任何該矛盾材料。
調配物1-含有10%氯化鈉及10%山梨醇之液體濃縮物植酸酶調配物係藉由冷凍乾燥來乾燥。然後藉由與碳酸鈣及稻殼混合來稀釋乾燥酶粉末以形成稻殼酶產物。
調配物2-將含有10%氯化鈉及10%山梨醇之液體濃縮物植酸酶調配物浸泡在稻殼上。藉由冷凍乾燥來乾燥所得濕摻合物。藉由與碳酸鈣混合來稀釋乾燥材料以形成稻殼酶產物。
造粒試驗-將稻殼酶產物以25-100ppm濃度與家禽飼料糊狀物摻和,且在California丸粒碾磨機中在75℃至93℃範圍內之不同控制溫度下造粒。首先藉由直接蒸汽在該溫度下將糊狀物混合物調質15秒,然後經由壓丸機造粒。隨後乾燥丸粒。
酶穩定性測定-在Tris緩衝液中萃取起始糊狀物及成品丸粒(將其碾磨為糊狀物)。萃取物中之植酸酶活性係藉由改良AOAC方法來測
定。改良AOAC方法係包含蒸餾水加0.01% Tween 20之AOAC緩衝液(AOAC International之GIZZI,J.,第91卷,第2期,2008)且改良為包含以下物質之組合物:50mM Tris pH 8.0、0.01% Tween20、10mM CaCl2。
將造粒產物在每一溫度下之回收率百分比與起始糊狀物相比較。結果顯示於表4中。
結果顯示,調配物1及調配物2二者自經造粒飼料萃取之植酸酶活性在高調質溫度下較低。
調配物3-在GEA Aeromatic-Fielder Strea-1流化床粒化器中加載250g稻殼;經由頂部噴霧式兩液噴嘴將含有10%山梨醇及10%氯化鈉之50ml液體濃縮物植酸酶調配物噴霧至稻殼上。使用以下流化床設定:55℃入口空氣溫度,5ml/min噴霧速率,1巴霧化壓力,0.8mm噴霧噴嘴。在酶噴霧後乾燥稻殼酶產物。
調配物4-在GEA Aeromatic-Fielder Strea-1流化床粒化器中加載200g稻殼;經由頂部噴霧式兩液噴嘴將100ml含有20%蔗糖之液體濃縮物植酸酶調配物噴霧至稻殼上。流化床設定與調配物3相同且用於形成稻殼酶產物。
調配物5-在GEA Aeromatic-Fielder Strea-1流化床粒化器中加載200g小麥麵粉;經由頂部噴霧式兩液噴嘴將100ml含有20%蔗糖及7%預膠凝澱粉之液體濃縮物植酸酶調配物噴霧至小麥麵粉上。使用以下流化床設定:50℃入口空氣溫度,10-15ml/min噴霧速率,1.5-2
巴霧化壓力,0.8mm噴霧噴嘴。在酶噴霧後乾燥小麥麵粉及酶產物以形成植酸酶顆粒。
造粒試驗及酶穩定性測定與實例1中相同。結果顯示於表5中。
在調配物3及4中使用稻殼作為載劑。稻殼未經精細碾磨且吸收性不太強;另外,在該等調配物中不使用黏合劑。因此,在稻殼酶產物中未見到有效粒化。與調配物5相比,兩種調配物之熱穩定性在高調質溫度下相對較低。將穩定劑自氯化鈉及山梨醇轉換為蔗糖改良植酸酶之熱穩定性。然而,在將載劑自稻殼轉換為精細碾磨之小麥麵粉並且如在調配物5中一般使用預膠凝澱粉作為黏合劑時,小麥麵粉酶產物被粒化,且自動物飼料丸粒萃取之植酸酶之熱穩定性在所有溫度下、尤其在90℃下有所改良。
調配物6-在Vector VFC-Lab 3流化床粒化器中加載3kg小麥麵粉;經由頂部噴霧式兩液噴嘴將1.6kg含有20%蔗糖及0.5%瓜爾膠之液體濃縮物植酸酶調配物噴霧至小麥麵粉上。流化床設定為:1.2mm噴嘴直徑,20psi霧化壓力,50-55℃入口空氣溫度,23-27℃產物溫度,在噴霧期間25-50g/min噴霧速率;在乾燥期間70-80℃入口空氣溫度,乾燥至45℃終產物溫度以形成植酸酶顆粒。
調配物7-在Vector VFC-Lab 3流化床粒化器中加載3kg小麥麵粉;經由頂部噴霧式兩液噴嘴將1.6kg含有20%蔗糖、10%麥芽糊精及0.5%瓜爾膠之液體濃縮物植酸酶調配物噴霧至小麥麵粉上。流化床
設定為:1.2mm噴嘴直徑,20psi霧化壓力,50℃入口空氣溫度,23-29℃產物溫度,在噴霧期間25-50g/min噴霧速率;在乾燥期間70-80℃入口空氣溫度,乾燥至45℃終產物溫度以形成植酸酶顆粒。
造粒試驗及酶穩定性測定與實例1中相同。結果顯示於表6中。所有殘留活性皆正規化為相同樣品之75℃穩定性。
調配物3係來自實例2之相同樣品,且在此實驗中使用其作為對照。此處調配物3之熱穩定性低於在實例2中之值,可能係由於此試驗中之造粒條件更苛刻所致。調配物6及7二者產生植酸酶顆粒,其中自經造粒動物飼料萃取之植酸酶之熱穩定性有所改良。
額外造粒試驗-為確認熱穩定性之改良,使用不同California丸粒碾磨機對自兩種樣品(調配物6及7)產生之植酸酶顆粒實施額外造粒試驗。蒸汽調質之持續時間為40秒,其顯著長於先前造粒試驗。結果顯示於表7中。將所有殘留植酸酶活性正規化為相同樣品之75℃穩定性。
結果確認,即使在延長蒸汽調質下,來自調配物6及7之植酸酶顆粒二者亦為自在高造粒溫度下生成之動物飼料丸粒萃取之植酸酶提供高植酸酶活性。
調配物8-在Vector VFC-Lab 3流化床粒化器中加載3kg小麥麵粉;經由頂部噴霧式兩液噴嘴將1.6kg含有20%蔗糖、10%高嶺土及0.5%瓜爾膠之液體濃縮物植酸酶調配物噴霧至小麥麵粉上。流化床設定為:1.2mm噴嘴直徑,20psi霧化壓力,50℃入口空氣溫度,22-30℃產物溫度,在噴霧期間25-50g/min噴霧速率;在乾燥期間70-80℃入口空氣溫度,乾燥至45℃終產物溫度以形成植酸酶顆粒。
調配物9-在Vector VFC-Lab 3流化床粒化器中加載3kg小麥麵粉;經由頂部噴霧式兩液噴嘴將1.6kg含有20%蔗糖、10%麥芽糊精、5%高嶺土及0.5%瓜爾膠之液體濃縮物植酸酶調配物噴霧至小麥麵粉上。流化床設定與調配物8中相同以形成植酸酶顆粒。
調配物10-在Vector VFC-Lab 3流化床粒化器中加載2kg小麥麵粉;經由頂部噴霧式兩液噴嘴將1kg含有20%蔗糖及0.5%瓜爾膠之液體濃縮物植酸酶調配物噴霧至小麥麵粉上;然後噴霧1kg含有10%改質澱粉、10%高嶺土及1%甘油之次級粒化溶液。在酶噴霧期間之流化床設定與調配物8中相同;在次級粒化溶液噴霧期間,噴霧速率為17-18g/min,入口空氣溫度為60℃,且產物溫度為30-31℃;在乾燥期間,入口空氣溫度為70-80℃以形成植酸酶顆粒。
造粒試驗及酶穩定性測定與實例1中相同且結果顯示於表8中。
結果顯示,在次級粒化溶液噴霧中包括高嶺土會提高植酸酶熱穩定性;且使用次級粒化溶液進一步增強自動物飼料丸粒萃取之植酸酶之植酸酶熱穩定性。
調配物11-在Vector VFC-Lab 3流化床粒化器中加載3kg小麥麵粉;經由頂部噴霧式兩液噴嘴將1.3kg含有20%蔗糖及0.5%瓜爾膠之液體濃縮物植酸酶調配物噴霧至小麥麵粉上。流化床設定為:1.2mm噴嘴直徑,20psi霧化壓力,50℃入口空氣溫度,22-29℃產物溫度,在噴霧期間25-50g/min噴霧速率;在乾燥期間70-80℃入口空氣溫度,乾燥至45℃終產物溫度以形成植酸酶顆粒。
調配物12-在5kg級定製流化床粒化器中加載4.6kg小麥麵粉;經由頂部噴霧式兩液噴嘴將1.25kg含有20%蔗糖及0.5%瓜爾膠之液體濃縮物植酸酶調配物噴霧至小麥麵粉上;然後噴霧1kg僅含有0.5%瓜爾膠之次級粒化溶液。流化床設定為:60-80℃入口空氣溫度,28-36℃產物溫度及40g/min噴霧速率以形成植酸酶顆粒。
造粒試驗及酶穩定性測定與實例1中相同且結果顯示於表9中。
結果顯示,兩種樣品皆具有改良之植酸酶熱穩定性;且使用次級粒化溶液進一步增強自在高造粒溫度下生成之動物飼料丸粒萃取之植酸酶之熱穩定性。
目前市售之大多數熱穩定飼料酶依賴熱保護塗層。已顯示該等塗層中之一些會不慎延遲將酶釋放至溶液中,此導致酶效力降低。因此,檢查本發明粒化產物之植酸酶活性之時間釋放概況。
將來自調配物12之100毫克粒化植酸酶與400μl 100mM乙酸鈉緩衝液在pH 5.5下混合。將混合物攪動長達60分鐘。在指定時間點,移
除並離心等份試樣。分析透明上清液中之植酸酶活性。結果顯示於表10中。
結果顯示,植酸酶在極短時間內變得可溶。另一方面,一些市售熱塗佈植酸酶顆粒展示將酶活性釋放至溶液中顯著延遲長達20分鐘(數據未顯示)。
Claims (11)
- 一種液體酶調配物,其包含:(a)在液體酶調配物中濃度為5,000-20,000單位/ml之植酸酶;(b)濃度為約0.5%-2.5%w/v之緩衝液,其中該緩衝液係選自由以下組成之群:檸檬酸鈉、檸檬酸鉀、檸檬酸、乙酸鈉、乙酸、磷酸鈉、磷酸鉀及其任何組合;(c)濃度為約1%-40%w/v之穩定劑,其中該穩定劑係選自由以下組成之群:蔗糖、山梨醇、甘露醇、甘油、海藻糖、氯化鈉、硫酸鈉或其任何組合;及(d)濃度為約0.05%-0.40%w/v之抗微生物劑,其中該抗微生物劑係選自由以下組成之群:山梨酸鉀、山梨酸鈉、山梨酸、苯甲酸鈉、苯甲酸、對羥基苯甲酸甲酯、丙酸鈣、丙酸鈉、丙酸銨、丙酸或其任何組合,其中該植酸酶在80℃之溫度下保留至少其63%活性。
- 如請求項1之液體酶調配物,其中(a)該緩衝液之pH在約4.5至約5.50範圍內;(b)該穩定劑為至少兩種穩定劑之組合;(c)該穩定劑之濃度為介於約5%至約30%之間;或(d)該抗微生物劑係至少兩種抗微生物劑之組合。
- 如請求項1之液體酶調配物,其中(a)該植酸酶具有約5,000至20,000單位/ml之活性;(b)氯化鈉之濃度為約1%至20%w/v;(c)山梨醇之濃度為約2%至20%w/v;(d)甘油之濃度為約2%至40%w/v;(e)山梨酸鉀之濃度為約0.05%至約0.4%w/v;(f)苯甲酸鈉之濃度為約0.05%至約0.4%w/v;(g)對羥基苯甲酸甲酯之濃度為約0.05%至約0.4%w/v;或(h)抗微生物劑之濃度為約0.05%至約0.4%w/v,其中該抗微生物劑係選自由以下組成之群:丙酸鈣、丙酸鈉、丙酸銨及其任何組合。
- 如請求項3之液體酶調配物,其中:(a)該植酸酶具有約10,000單位/ml之活性;(b)氯化鈉之濃度為約15%w/v;(c)山梨醇之濃度為約20%w/v;(d)甘油之濃度為約20%w/v;(e)山梨酸鉀之濃度為約0.20%w/v;(f)苯甲酸鈉之濃度為約0.20%w/v;(g)對羥基苯甲酸甲酯之濃度為約0.20%w/v;或(h)抗微生物劑之濃度為約0.20%w/v,其中該抗微生物劑係選自由以下組成之群:丙酸鈣、丙酸鈉、丙酸銨及其任何組合。
- 如請求項1之液體酶調配物,其中:(a)該植酸酶具有約11,000至約12,000單位/g之活性;(b)氯化鈉之濃度為約15%w/v;(c)山梨醇之濃度為約4%w/v;(d)檸檬酸鈉之濃度為約50mM;(e)山梨酸鉀之濃度為約0.2%w/v;(f)苯甲酸鈉之濃度為約0.1%w/v;或(g)丙酸鈉之濃度為約0.1%。
- 如請求項5之液體酶調配物,其中該穩定劑進一步包含濃度為約4%w/v之山梨醇及/或濃度為約6%w/v之蔗糖。
- 如請求項1之液體酶調配物,其中:(a)該植酸酶具有約44,000至約48,000單位/g之活性;(b)蔗糖之濃度為約20%w/v;(c)氯化鈉之濃度為約1%w/v;(d)檸檬酸鈉之濃度為約50mM;(e)苯甲酸鈉之濃度為約0.1%w/v;(f)山梨酸鉀之濃度為約0.4%w/v;或(g)丙酸鈉之濃度為約0.4%。
- 如請求項7之液體酶調配物,其中該穩定劑進一步包含濃度為約2%至約40%w/v之山梨醇及/或濃度為約20%w/v之蔗糖。
- 如請求項1之液體酶調配物,其中該液體酶調配物包含至少兩種抗微生物劑。
- 如請求項1之液體酶調配物,其中該液體酶調配物與動物飼料混合。
- 如請求項10之液體酶調配物,其中該動物飼料為乾燥動物飼料。
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TW201446149A (zh) | 2014-12-16 |
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CA2902752A1 (en) | 2014-10-02 |
JP2019068808A (ja) | 2019-05-09 |
EP2970924A1 (en) | 2016-01-20 |
EP3363895A3 (en) | 2018-10-10 |
JP6442471B2 (ja) | 2018-12-19 |
CA3139266A1 (en) | 2014-10-02 |
WO2014159185A1 (en) | 2014-10-02 |
AR095174A1 (es) | 2015-09-30 |
CN114085825A (zh) | 2022-02-25 |
EP3578644A1 (en) | 2019-12-11 |
EP2970924B1 (en) | 2019-06-19 |
EP3599278A1 (en) | 2020-01-29 |
ES2745998T3 (es) | 2020-03-04 |
US20160007633A1 (en) | 2016-01-14 |
TW201940073A (zh) | 2019-10-16 |
CA2902752C (en) | 2022-01-04 |
MX2015012682A (es) | 2017-11-06 |
KR102173529B1 (ko) | 2020-11-03 |
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