TWI625226B - 可撓性透明聚醯亞胺積層板及其製造方法 - Google Patents

可撓性透明聚醯亞胺積層板及其製造方法 Download PDF

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TWI625226B
TWI625226B TW105110494A TW105110494A TWI625226B TW I625226 B TWI625226 B TW I625226B TW 105110494 A TW105110494 A TW 105110494A TW 105110494 A TW105110494 A TW 105110494A TW I625226 B TWI625226 B TW I625226B
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transparent polyimide
adhesive layer
conductive layer
flexible transparent
substrate
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TW201736113A (zh
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劉貴生
周勁言
劉桓升
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律勝科技股份有限公司
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Priority to TW105110494A priority Critical patent/TWI625226B/zh
Priority to CN201610858237.2A priority patent/CN107293353A/zh
Priority to EP17158665.4A priority patent/EP3228452A1/en
Priority to US15/466,801 priority patent/US20170282414A1/en
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Abstract

本發明係關於一種可撓性透明聚醯亞胺積層板及其製造方法。此可撓性透明聚醯亞胺積層板包括導電層、黏著層及透明聚醯亞胺基板。導電層中含有複數奈米金屬線。黏著層係由有機不可溶性之透明聚醯亞胺所製成,且該導電層係藉由該黏著層而貼附至該透明聚醯亞胺基板。該黏著層係由芳香環族二酸酐與下列材料中其一脫水閉環而形成:脂環族二胺、含氟二胺、以及脂環族二胺與含氟二胺之組合。

Description

可撓性透明聚醯亞胺積層板及其製造方法
本發明關於一種可撓性透明聚醯亞胺積層板及其製造方法,特別關於一種以有機不可溶聚醯亞胺作為黏著劑,將導電層貼附在基板的聚醯亞胺積層板及其製造方法。
近年來,可撓性電子產品如可捲曲和彎曲的液晶顯示器、有機發光二極體、薄膜式太陽能電池等,由於產品的輕量化與超薄元件的特性而倍受矚目。目前,以化學氣相層析(CVD)製備之銦錫氧化物(ITO)薄膜因具有優異的光學透明性和導電性而成為應用最廣泛的材料。然而,ITO膜易脆,在受到彎曲時容易損壞,嚴重限制其在可撓性基板上的應用。此外,銦資源的匱乏、較高的沉積溫度與昂貴的真空蒸鍍設備等限制,促使廠商尋找低成本、可撓性的替代材料。
導電高分子、奈米碳管(CNTs)、石墨烯以及金屬奈米線等都是備受期望的替代材料。導電高分子具有可撓性與導電性,但其具有較高表面電阻與較強的光學吸收,因此單純使用導電高分子是無法達到實際應 用的要求。此外,奈米碳管與石墨烯需藉由化學氣相沉積法製備而成,所需的設備成本較高。因此,金屬奈米線被認為是未來最有可能取代銦錫氧化物的一種具有潛力的材料。
傳統以金屬奈米線作為導電膜之製程中,係將金屬奈米線分散於溶劑中,再經過塗佈等方法製得導電膜。此種製備方法簡單,但金屬奈米線與基材之間黏附力差,容易造成剝落。而且,奈米線分散液的黏度很低,在塗佈過程中容易產生流動而造成塗佈不均勻和團聚等問題。
有鑑於上述問題,本發明提供一種可撓性透明聚醯亞胺積層板,其使用有機不可溶性的透明聚醯亞胺作為黏著劑(binder)或保護劑(protector),改善奈米金屬線容易剝落的缺點,且有機不可溶的特性,使導電層不受溶劑的侵蝕影響,可增加後續製程彈性。
根據本發明一實施例,提供一種可撓性透明聚醯亞胺積層板。該可撓性透明聚醯亞胺積層板包括導電層、黏著層及透明聚醯亞胺基板。該導電層中含有複數奈米金屬線,該黏著層由有機不可溶性之透明聚醯亞胺所製成,該導電層係藉由該黏著層而貼附至該透明聚醯亞胺基板。該黏著層係由一芳香環族二酸酐與下列材料中其一脫水閉環而形成:脂環族二胺、含氟二胺、以及脂環族二胺與含氟二胺之組合。
根據本發明另一實施例,提供一種可撓性透明聚醯亞胺積層板的製造方法。所述製造方法包括將含複數奈米金屬線之溶液塗佈於一基質上,以形成一預備導電層;於該預備導電層上塗佈一聚醯胺酸溶液;加 熱使塗佈於該預備導電層上之該聚醯胺酸溶液閉環,以形成一黏著層;於該黏著層上塗佈一聚醯亞胺,並使其乾燥形成一基板;以及自該預備導電層移除該基質。其中該聚醯胺酸溶液係由一芳香環族二酸酐與下列材料中其一聚合而形成:脂環族二胺、含氟二胺、以及脂環族二胺與含氟二胺之組合。
為使本發明之上述及其他方面更為清楚易懂,下文特舉實施例,並配合所附圖式詳細說明。
100‧‧‧可撓性透明聚醯亞胺積層板
110‧‧‧透明聚醯亞胺基板
120‧‧‧黏著層
130‧‧‧導電層
300‧‧‧可撓性透明聚醯亞胺積層板
310‧‧‧基板
320‧‧‧黏著層
320’‧‧‧聚醯胺酸溶液塗層
330‧‧‧預備導電層
350‧‧‧基質
第一圖示意說明根據本發明實施例之可撓性透明聚醯亞胺積層板的結構;第二圖(a)為以不同長徑比奈米銀線製得之可撓性透明聚醯亞胺積層板在波長為550nm下的穿透率與片電阻之關係圖;第二圖(b)說明有機不可溶聚醯亞胺與高透明性聚醯亞胺之可見光穿透率,其各厚度為30微米;第三圖(a)至第三圖(e)說明本發明之可撓性透明聚醯亞胺積層板的製造流程;第四圖(a)至第四圖(e)說明本發明中作為黏著層及基板之聚醯亞胺聚合物的不同合成例之傅利葉紅外線分析(FTIR)圖譜,其說明這種聚醯亞胺聚合物合成例之組成;第五圖為本發明之可撓性透明聚醯亞胺積層板中的導電層所含之奈米銀線的掃瞄式電子顯微影像(SEM圖); 第六圖說明以本發明之方法所製備之不同導電度的積層板的UV-Vis光譜圖;第七圖說明本發明之可撓性透明聚醯亞胺積層板的片電阻與品質因數和在波長550nm下的穿透率之關係;第八圖(a)與第八圖(b)為本發明之可撓性透明聚醯亞胺積層板在不同放大倍率下的SEM圖;及第九圖(a)與第九圖(b)分別說明本發明之撓性透明聚醯亞胺積層板與傳統聚醯亞胺積層板之耐化學性測試結果。
請參閱第一圖,其係根據本發明一具體實施例所提供之可撓性透明聚醯亞胺積層板100的結構示意圖,本發明之可撓性透明聚醯亞胺積層板100包括係由導電層130、黏著層120及透明聚醯亞胺基板110所組成的三層結構。導電層130中含有複數奈米金屬線。黏著層120係以有機不可溶性之透明聚醯亞胺所製成,且其係由芳香環族二酸酐與下列材料中其一脫水閉環而形成:脂環族二胺、含氟二胺、以及脂環族二胺與含氟二胺之組合。導電層130係藉由黏著層120而貼附至透明聚醯亞胺基板110上。
根據本發明,上述導電層130內所含奈米金屬線之金屬較佳係選自由金、銀、銅、鎳、鈦所組成之群組。奈米金屬線較佳為奈米銀線,其可由改良式多元醇法(modified polyol process)製備而成,長度可介於10至100微米,直徑可介於20至100奈米,且長徑比(aspect ratio=length/diameter)平均值(L/D)大於400,更佳介於500至600。
根據本發明,導電層130中奈米金屬線的長徑比會影響導電層130的光穿透率。如第二(a)圖所示,其說明了以長徑比(L/D)分別為350和600之奈米銀線作為導電層之可撓性透明聚醯亞胺積層板在波長為550nm下之穿透率與片電阻關係,由圖可知,以較大長徑比之奈米銀線作為導電層,其在相同電阻率下具有較佳的光穿透度,有助於提升透明導電膜的穿透率以及降低導電層的片電阻值。
上述有機不可溶性之透明聚醯亞胺黏著層120係做為導電層之黏著劑(binder)或保護劑(protector),可以保護導電層中的奈米金屬線。相較於習知技術中利用塗佈方式所形成之導電層,本發明中所採之黏著層可改善奈米金屬線容易剝落的缺點,並使含奈米金屬線之導電層不受溶劑的侵蝕影響,可增加後續製程彈性。
在本文中,「有機不可溶性」係指本發明之透明聚醯亞胺黏著層在有機溶劑浸泡下,在室溫及/或加熱至沸騰溫度5小時後皆不溶於該有機溶劑中。該有機溶劑例如為N,N-二甲基甲醯胺(DMF)、N,N-二甲基乙醯胺(DMAc)、N,N-二乙基乙醯胺、N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)、二甲基亞碸(DMSO)、間-甲酚(m-cresol)、二氯甲烷、四氫呋喃(THF)、氯仿或丙酮等常用之有機溶劑。
上述有機不可溶性之透明聚醯亞胺黏著層可由芳香環族二酸酐與下列材料中其一脫水閉環而形成:脂環族二胺、含氟二胺、以及脂環族二胺與含氟二胺之組合。含氟二胺中的氟原子,可藉由其強拉電子的能力來減少電荷轉移;脂肪族二胺中的脂肪族結構可阻止分子鏈與鏈之間,或分子鏈內的電荷轉移,此類單體可形成高透明度的無色聚醯亞胺, 具有光學應用方面的優勢。
根據本發明,上述黏著層120之厚度介於0.1至5微米之間,較佳地為0.1至1微米之間,更佳地為0.1至0.5微米之間。
上述芳香環族二酸酐包含:苯均四酸二酐、3,3',4,4'-聯苯四羧酸二酐、2,2-雙(3,4-二羧基苯基)六氟丙酸二酐、4-(2,5-二氧代四氫呋喃-3-基)-1,2,3,4-四氫萘-1,2-二甲酸酐。脂環族二胺包含:1,4-環己烷二胺、4,4’-二氨基二環己基甲烷、1,4-環己烷二甲胺。含氟二胺包含:2,2’-雙(三氟甲基)-聯苯胺、2-三氟甲基-聯苯胺。特別注意的是,有機不可溶性之透明聚醯亞胺黏著層並不限定僅能使用單一一種芳香環族二酸酐、脂環族二胺或含氟二胺進行製備,亦即可使用二種以上之芳香環族二酸酐、二種以上之脂環族二胺或二種以上含氟二胺進行製備。
根據本發明,上述透明聚醯亞胺基板110係使用高透明性聚醯亞胺作為原料,其在厚度為30微米時之可見光穿透率大於90%,藉此可提升完成之可撓性透明聚醯亞胺積層板之整體可見光穿透率。如第二圖(b)所示,相較於有機不可溶聚醯亞胺同時作為黏著層與基板(厚度為30微米,其可見光光穿透率約為85%),,本發明之可撓性透明聚醯亞胺積層板係使用高透明性聚醯亞胺基板作為基板,結合作為黏著層之有機不可溶性聚醯亞胺(其厚度為0.1~5μm),本發明之積層板之可見光穿透率可被提升至約90%。
本發明之透明聚醯亞胺基板係利用一二酸酐與一二胺脫水閉環所形成,其中二酸酐包含:苯均四酸二酐、3,3’,4,4’-聯苯四羧酸二酐、2,2-雙(3,4-二羧基苯基)六氟丙酸二酐、3,3’,4,4’-二苯甲酮四羧酸二酐、3,3’,4,4’-二苯醚四羧酸二酐、1,2,3,4-丁烷四羧酸二酐、1,2,3,4-環丁烷四羧 酸二酐、1,2,4,5-環己烷四羧酸二酐、雙環(2,2,2)八-7-碳烯-2,3,5,6-四羧酸二酐、雙環(2,2,2)辛烷-2,3,5,6-四羧酸二酐、1,4-環己烷雙偏苯三酸二酐、4-(2,5-二氧代四氫呋喃-3-基)-1,2,3,4-四氫萘-1,2-二甲酸酐,上述二酐可單獨使用,或兩種以上併用。二胺則包含:2,2’-雙(三氟甲基)-聯苯胺、2-三氟甲基-聯苯胺、2,2-雙(4-胺基苯基)六氟丙烷、4,4’-二胺基二苯醚、2,2’-二甲基-4,4’-二胺基聯苯、3,3’-二胺基二苯碸、4,4’-二胺基二苯碸、4,4’-二胺基二苯基甲烷、2-雙(4-(4-胺基苯氧基)苯基)丙烷、2,2-雙(4-(4-胺基苯氧基)苯基)六氟丙烷、1,3-二(3-胺基丙基)-1,1,3,3-四甲基二矽氧烷、1,4-環己烷二胺、4,4’-二氨基二環己基甲烷、1,4-環己烷二甲胺,上述二胺可單獨使用,或兩種以上併用。
上述透明聚醯亞胺基板110的厚度介於10至100微米之間,較佳地為10至50微米之間,更佳地為10至30微米之間。
本發明另提供一種製造上述之可撓性透明聚醯亞胺積層板的方法。本發明之可撓性透明聚醯亞胺積層板的製造方法包括下列步驟:(1)將含前述奈米金屬線之溶液塗佈於一基質350上,以形成一預備導電層330,如第三圖(a)所示;(2)於該預備導電層330上塗佈一聚醯胺酸溶液塗層320’,如第三圖(b)所示;(3)於真空下進行加熱,使塗佈於該預備導電層330上之該聚醯胺酸溶液閉環,以形成一黏著層320,如第三圖(c)所示;(4)於該黏著層上塗佈一聚醯亞胺,並使其乾燥形成一基板310,如第三圖(d)所示;(5)以及自該預備導電層移除該基質350,以形成該可撓性透明聚醯亞胺積層板300,如第三圖(e)所示。
在上述步驟(1)中,奈米金屬線係分散於適當溶劑中而形成 含有奈米金屬線之溶液(下稱「奈米金屬線溶液」),所述溶劑例如為水、醇類(酒精、丙醇等)、酮類(丙酮)、甲苯、己烷、二甲基甲醯胺、四氫呋喃、酯類(乙酸乙酯)、醚類、烴類、芳香族溶劑(二甲苯)、丙二醇單甲基醚(PGME)、丙二醇單甲基醚酯(PGMEA)等,亦可混合一種以上之溶劑。奈米金屬線溶液可經由旋轉塗佈法、浸漬法、噴塗法、刮條塗佈法、狹縫塗佈法、線棒式濕膜塗佈法等塗佈方法塗佈於該基質上,並加熱乾燥以形成該預備導電層。加熱乾燥的方法例如可將塗佈奈米金屬線溶液的基材置於約80-100℃之真空烘箱中進行乾燥。
在本發明中,「基質」係指供奈米金屬線溶液塗覆並乾燥於其上之支撐物質,其可包括:聚醯亞胺、聚醯胺等塑膠基板;銅、鋁、不銹鋼等金屬基板,或玻璃基板等。
在上述步驟(2),聚醯胺酸溶液即本發明之有機不可溶性聚醯亞胺黏著層的前驅物。聚醯胺酸溶液係由芳香環族二酸酐與脂環族二胺及/或含氟二胺聚合而成,將聚醯胺酸溶液脫水閉環則可得有機不可溶性聚醯亞胺黏著層(材料與前述第【0024】段至第【0026】段所述相同)。有機不可溶性聚醯亞胺黏著層的詳細製造方法是將其前驅物(聚醯胺酸溶液)以旋轉塗佈法、浸漬法、噴塗法、網版印刷法、柔性版印刷法、刮條塗佈法、狹縫塗佈法、線棒式濕膜塗佈法等塗佈方法塗佈於步驟(1)的預備導電層上,接著再使聚醯胺酸溶液環化形成聚醯亞胺黏著層。
於上述步驟(3)中,係加熱聚醯胺酸溶液而使其閉環,可控制此一加熱溫度為達到奈米金屬線之退火溫度。退火可以降低奈米金屬線的電阻,而退火溫度會依據奈米金屬線材質及長徑比不同改變。在奈米金 屬線的製備過程中,可能會有高分子覆蓋劑殘留在奈米金屬線上,加熱到退火溫度可使部分的覆蓋劑裂解。此外,若採用熔點較低的奈米銀線時(熔點200℃),退火可使一部分銀線熔融,使線與線之間的接觸電阻降低,降低導電層的電阻率,增加導電度。
在上述步驟(4)中,所述基板即為前述透明聚醯亞胺基板,該基板所使用的聚醯亞胺為高透明性聚醯亞胺,其以如第【0028】段所述之材料製成。高透明性聚醯亞胺聚合的方法可用溶劑溶解二酸酐單體及二胺單體,再將經溶解之二酸酐單體與二胺單體混合反應,便可得到聚醯胺酸溶液,並進一步在250~350℃下進行環化脫水反應,亦可加入催化劑幫助脫水反應。將上述環化脫水後所得之聚醯亞胺塗佈於黏著層上,並經乾燥後即得本發明所述高透明性聚醯亞胺基板。
最後,如步驟(5)所述,自該預備導電層上剝離/移除該基質,即完成本發明之可撓性透明聚醯亞胺積層板。此製備方法係先於基質上形成一預備導電層,並於預備導電層上形成一黏著層,以黏著層將預備導電層/黏著層的兩層結構轉印到透明聚醯亞胺基板上,最後移除基質,製成可撓性透明聚醯亞胺積層板。
本發明之可撓性透明聚醯亞胺積層板之優點包括:產品表面平滑,應用於各種裝置上時,著色及塗佈等皆較均勻;使用有機不可溶性聚醯亞胺作為黏著劑,不但耐高溫,亦可防止有機溶劑造成奈米金屬線的脫落;奈米金屬線退火與黏著層之閉環處理為同一個步驟,使製備方式較簡便;將聚醯亞胺塗佈至具有奈米金屬線之導電層上,重力可使得該奈米金屬線所形成的網路更加緊密,可更進一步促使電阻值下降;以高透明性 聚醯亞胺作為基板,可提升可撓性透明聚醯亞胺積層板的可見光穿透率。
此外,本發明可撓性透明聚醯亞胺積層板的黏著層(有機不可溶性聚醯亞胺)以及基板(高透明性聚醯亞胺)的玻璃轉移溫度大於320℃,在空氣中熱裂解5wt%溫度大於450℃,故本發明之可撓性透明聚醯亞胺積層板產品可以承受如電漿、雷射、退火(anneal)、鍍膜等高溫製程,應用廣泛。
以下將以實施例詳細說明本發明的上述及其他內容,惟該等實施例僅為說明目的,而非用以限制本發明之範圍。
合成例1(黏著層材料)
將1,4-環己二胺與4,4'-聯苯四羧酸二酐溶解於N,N-二甲基乙醯胺,經由熱亞胺化作用形成一第一聚醯亞胺聚合物(下稱「CHDABP PI」),其FTIR圖譜係如第四圖(a)所示。
合成例2(黏著層材料)
將2,2'-二(三氟甲基)二氨基聯苯與4,4'-聯苯四羧酸二酐溶解於N,N-二甲基乙醯胺,經由熱亞胺化作用形成一第二聚醯亞胺聚合物(下稱「TFMBBP PI」,其FTIR圖譜係如第四圖(b)所示)。
合成例3(黏著層材料)
將1,4-環己二胺、2,2'-二(三氟甲基)二氨基聯苯與4,4'-聯苯四羧酸二酐溶解於N,N-二甲基乙醯胺,其中1,4-環己二胺及2,2'-二(三氟甲基)二氨基聯苯的莫耳比例為1:1,經由熱亞胺化作用形成一第三聚醯亞胺聚合物(下稱「CH/TFMBBP PI」)(1:1),其FTIR圖譜係如第四圖(c)所示。
合成例4(基板材料)
將2,2'-二(三氟甲基)二氨基聯苯與1,2,4,5-環己烷四甲酸二酐溶解於N,N-二甲基乙醯胺,經由熱亞胺化作用形成一第四聚醯亞胺聚合物(下稱「TFMBCH PI」),其FTIR圖譜係如第四圖(d)所示。
合成例5(基板材料)
將二胺六氟異亞丙基二苯胺與1,2,4,5-環己烷四甲酸二酐溶解於N,N-二甲基乙醯胺,經由熱亞胺化作用形成一第五聚醯亞胺聚合物(下稱「6FCH PI」),其FTIR圖譜係如第四圖(e)所示。
合成例之聚醯亞胺特性分析
溶解度分析:上述合成例1-5之聚醯亞胺材料進行溶解度測試的結果如下表1所示:
由表1可知黏著層材料(合成例1-3)對於各種有機溶劑皆不可溶。
熱性質分析:上述合成例1-5之聚醯亞胺材料進行熱性質分 析的結果如下表2所示:
由表2可知,本發明合成例1-5之聚醯亞胺的玻璃轉移溫度(Tg)皆大於320℃,在空氣下之熱裂解5wt%溫度(Td 5)皆大於450℃。採用上述材料之本發明可撓性透明聚醯亞胺積層板,可以承受300℃或更高溫度之製程及處理。
光學性質分析:上述合成例1-5之聚醯亞胺材料進行光學性質分析的結果如下表3所示:
由表3可知,本發明之聚醯亞胺材料於可見光範圍內其穿透率皆高;在CIE色彩空間之三色刺激值中,本發明之聚醯亞胺薄膜接具有高顏色亮度(L*>93)、低紅色/綠色以及黃色/藍色色度(a*值及b*值接近於0),由此結果可知合成例1-5之聚醯亞胺材料皆接近無色透明。
實施例1-可撓性透明聚醯亞胺積層板之製備與測試
下述實施例係利用轉印方式、以如前述第三圖(a)至第三圖(e)所示流程所製成。首先準備一基質,以丙酮和清潔劑以超音波震盪方式清洗並乾燥。接著,於該基質表面塗佈一層奈米銀線/酒精溶液,並於80℃真空烘箱內乾燥,形成預備導電層。將2,2'-二(三氟甲基)二氨基聯苯與1,2,4,5-環己烷四甲酸二酐溶解於N,N-二甲基乙醯胺製得聚醯胺酸(聚醯亞胺前驅物)PAA/DMAc溶液,將其均勻塗佈於含有奈米銀線之基質表面上並乾燥形成PAA薄膜;接著,升溫至300℃進行熱閉環法脫水得到有機不可溶性聚醯亞胺薄膜CHDABP PI(合成例1之材料)。再將合成例4所得TFMBBP PI高透明性聚醯亞胺塗佈於有機不可溶性聚醯亞胺薄膜上。最後將基質移除,形成一可撓性透明聚醯亞胺積層板,其包括奈米銀線導電層AgNWs-有機不可溶性聚醯亞胺CHBPDA PI-高透明性聚醯亞胺TFMBCH PI三層結構。
奈米銀線以改良多元醇製法製備,該過程係使用純乙二醇(EG)作為還原劑及溶劑、以聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)作為覆蓋劑、硝酸銀作為銀離子的來源,以及以氯化銅作為脫氧劑。所製成之奈米銀線長度約為30-100微米,直徑約為60-100奈米。所製得之奈米銀線之平均長徑比高於600,如第五圖所示。
另外,第六圖為利用上述方法製備之不同導電度的積層板的UV-Vis光譜圖,顯示當積層板對波長550nm光線之透光度越高時,積層板對應的片電阻越高;然而,藉由調整導電層中奈米金屬線的長徑比,即可改變其於特定片電阻值下之光穿透度,如前述關於第二(a)圖所說明,在相同的光穿透度下,長徑比的提高有助於降低整體積層板之片電阻值。
本實施例之可撓性透明聚醯亞胺積層板透明性(穿透率)與導電性的關係可用品質因數(Figure of merit,FoM)評估。品質因數係一種判斷透明導電膜透光度與導電度關係的指標,其計算公式如下:
其中σdc為膜的直流電導電率;σop(λ)指在波長λ下的光學導電率;Z0為自由空間的阻抗(377 Ω);RS為片電阻;T是波長λ下的透射率。在產業的應用上,對於波長550nm之光,FoM的值較佳需大於35。第七圖繪示本實施例之可撓性透明聚醯亞胺積層板的片電阻與品質因數和波長550nm之光的穿透率作圖。本實施例所製得可撓性透明聚醯亞胺積層板,其對550nm之光的穿透率為81%且片電阻為11.1Ω/sq,經計算FoM值可達152.83,顯示該積層板具有優異的透明性(高穿透率)與導電度。
此外,第八圖(a)與第八圖(b)為本實施例之可撓性透明聚醯亞胺積層板在不同放大倍率下的SEM圖,顯示奈米銀線在PI複合膜中的分散性。本實施例之可撓性透明聚醯亞胺積層板將奈米銀線導電層轉印到高透明性聚醯亞胺基板上,可使奈米銀線網絡結構能夠均勻且平滑的附著在基板表面。從SEM截面圖中並未發現奈米銀線有翹曲或脫落現象,表示奈米銀線和有機不可溶聚醯亞胺黏著層間具有強烈黏合能力。
比較例1
比較例1提供一種傳統的聚醯亞胺積層板,係將奈米銀線使用有機可溶之聚醯亞胺(合成例5之材料)作為黏著劑,黏著在另一個聚醯亞胺基板上,製成聚醯亞胺積層板。此種積層板的範例可參照台灣專利申請號103137583所揭露內容。
耐化學性測試
在實施例1的可撓性透明聚醯亞胺積層板中,有機不可溶性聚醯亞胺CHDABP PI係作為黏著劑和保護劑,增加積層板的後續加工能力。耐化學性測試是將實施例1之可撓性透明聚醯亞胺積層板浸泡在氯仿、丙酮、四氫呋喃(THF)、N,N-二甲基乙醯胺(DMAc)、N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)、N,N-二甲基甲醯胺(DMF)和二甲基亞碸(DMSO)等不同有機溶劑中,測量其片電阻變化的圖,其結果如第九圖(a)所示。比較例1的傳統聚醯亞胺積層板浸泡於DMAc的片電阻變化結果則如第九圖(b)所示。由第九圖(a)、(b)可知,於不同類型的有機溶劑浸泡0.5小時後,實施例1之可撓性透明聚醯亞胺積層板其片電阻增加率小於50%。然而,比較例1之積層板在浸泡DMAc中僅僅30秒後,片電阻便增加高達950倍。進一步以SEM觀察浸泡 20小時後實施例1之可撓性透明聚醯亞胺積層板的奈米銀線導電層的變化,結果如第4圖c,其奈米銀線和基板間仍維持黏附性,僅觀察到少許奈米銀線被去除的痕跡。此結果證實實施例1之可撓性透明聚醯亞胺積層板在後期加工應用上具有極高的潛力和可塑性。
雖然本發明以實施例說明如上,惟此些實施例並非用以限制本發明。本領域之通常知識者在不脫離本發明技藝精神的範疇內,當可對此些實施例進行等效實施或變更,故本發明的保護範圍應以其後所附之申請專利範圍為準。

Claims (14)

  1. 一種可撓性透明聚醯亞胺積層板,包括:一導電層,該導電層中含有複數奈米金屬線;一黏著層,其由有機不可溶性之透明聚醯亞胺所製成;及一透明聚醯亞胺基板;其中該導電層係藉由該黏著層而貼附至該透明聚醯亞胺基板,且該黏著層係由一芳香環族二酸酐與下列材料中其一脫水閉環而形成:脂環族二胺、含氟二胺、以及脂環族二胺與含氟二胺之組合,及其中該黏著層之厚度介於0.1至5微米之間,且其黃色色度b值小於2。
  2. 如請求項1所述之可撓性透明聚醯亞胺積層板,其中所述奈米金屬線之金屬係選自金、銀、銅、鎳或鈦至少其中之一。
  3. 如請求項1所述之可撓性透明聚醯亞胺積層板,其中所述奈米金屬線之平均長徑比大於400。
  4. 如請求項1所述之可撓性透明聚醯亞胺積層板,其中所述奈米金屬線之長度介於10微米至100微米之間,其直徑介於20奈米至100奈米之間。
  5. 如請求項1所述之可撓性透明聚醯亞胺積層板,其在波長550nm之光的品質因數(Figure of merit)大於70。
  6. 如請求項5所述之可撓性透明聚醯亞胺積層板,其對波長550nm之光的穿透率為80%。
  7. 如請求項1所述之可撓性透明聚醯亞胺積層板,其中該黏著層不溶於一有機溶劑,該有機溶劑包括N,N-二甲基甲醯胺(DMF)、N,N-二甲基乙醯胺(DMAc)、N,N-二乙基乙醯胺、N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)、二甲基亞碸(DMSO)、間-甲酚(m-cresol)、二氯甲烷、四氫呋喃(THF)、氯仿或丙酮至少其中之一。
  8. 一種可撓性透明聚醯亞胺積層板的製造方法,包括:將含複數奈米金屬線之一溶液塗佈於一基質上,以形成一預備導電層;於該預備導電層上塗佈一聚醯胺酸溶液,其中該聚醯胺酸溶液係由一芳香環族二酸酐與下列材料中其一聚合而形成:脂環族二胺、含氟二胺、以及脂環族二胺與含氟二胺之組合;加熱使塗佈於該預備導電層上之該聚醯胺酸溶液閉環,以形成一黏著層;於該黏著層上塗佈一聚醯亞胺,並使其乾燥形成一基板;自該預備導電層移除該基質。
  9. 如請求項8所述之製造方法,其中在加熱以形成該黏著層的步驟中,係加熱至使所述奈米金屬線退火之溫度。
  10. 如請求項8所述之製造方法,其中所述奈米金屬線之金屬係選自金、 銀、銅、鎳或鈦至少其中之一。
  11. 如請求項8所述之製造方法,其中所述奈米金屬線的平均長徑比大於400。
  12. 如請求項8所述之製造方法,其中所述奈米金屬線之長度介於10微米至100微米之間,其直徑介於20奈米至100奈米之間。
  13. 如請求項8所述之製造方法,其中該黏著層之厚度介於0.1至5微米之間,黃色色度b值小於2,且不溶於一有機溶劑。
  14. 如請求項13所述之製造方法,其中該有機溶劑包括N,N-二甲基甲醯胺(DMF)、N,N-二甲基乙醯胺(DMAc)、N,N-二乙基乙醯胺、N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)、二甲基亞碸(DMSO)、間-甲酚(m-cresol)、二氯甲烷、四氫呋喃(THF)、氯仿或丙酮至少其中之一。
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