TWI613081B - 基於硬紙板之單元 - Google Patents

基於硬紙板之單元 Download PDF

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TWI613081B
TWI613081B TW103109489A TW103109489A TWI613081B TW I613081 B TWI613081 B TW I613081B TW 103109489 A TW103109489 A TW 103109489A TW 103109489 A TW103109489 A TW 103109489A TW I613081 B TWI613081 B TW I613081B
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伊茲賀 甘伏尼
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Ｉｇ硬紙板科技有限公司
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Cartons (AREA)
  • Automatic Cycles, And Cycles In General (AREA)
  • Steering Devices For Bicycles And Motorcycles (AREA)
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Abstract

本發明提供一種基於硬紙板之單元，其包括：一或多個實質上平面元件，該一或多個實質上平面元件包括彼此緊密結合且由具有一第一面及一第二面之一已形成硬紙板板材構成之兩層或兩層以上硬紙板；及至少兩個核包裹元件，其等包括纏繞兩個或兩個以上長形部件使得該板材與該等部件緊緊結合之該板材之包裹部分；該單元中之該等平面元件及該等核包裹元件彼此係一整體。

Description

基於硬紙板之單元
本發明係關於實質上或完全由可用作為諸如輪式器件(例如自行車或三輪車)之結構及器件中之結構元件之硬紙板製成之單元。
WO11067742揭示一種足夠堅硬以運載一人類騎乘者之人力陸地車輛。該車輛由紙漿可回收及碎片可回收材料建構。
本發明提供一種由作為其之主要組件之硬紙板製成或包括該硬紙板之結構。這表示：硬紙板通常構成該結構之總重量之至少80%、85%、90%及有時甚至至少95%。如下文所繪示，該結構包括可由硬紙板製成(例如，可為硬紙板圓柱或桿)或可由其他輕質材料(諸如木頭或塑膠)製成之加固長形部件。該等長形部件由一硬紙板板材之部分全部或部分包裹(或纏繞)，硬紙板板材之部分經形成以穿過該等部件之長度之所有或至少一主要部分而與該等長形部件緊緊結合。該硬紙板板材之一些其他部分彼此相結合以界定一多層硬紙板元件。該等長形部件與該硬紙板板材之相結合部分共同形成一核包裹元件。該核包裹元件可位於一多層平面元件之邊緣處且界定一多層平面元件之邊緣，其可憑藉自身的力量用作為功能元件，其可具有一結構加固意義等等。如下文進一步所說明，本發明之單元之獨特特徵之一者係至少部分、有時主要由該等長形核包裹元件給予之整體堅硬度。本發明之 結構可構成一器件(諸如一輪式器件)之一部分(例如一自行車或三輪車之部分)。
本發明提供一種基於硬紙板之單元，其包括一個或一個以上實質上平面元件，各元件包括彼此緊密結合且由具有一第一面及一第二面之一已形成硬紙板板材構成之兩層或兩層以上硬紙板。該單元亦包括至少兩個核包裹元件，各元件包括纏繞兩個或兩個以上長形部件使得該板材與該等部件緊緊結合之板材之包裹部分。該單元中之此等元件彼此係一整體。
一般而言，術語「長形」表示：該元件具有比該元件之其他度量明顯更突出之一長度尺寸。此一元件可大體上具有如題名為「structural element comprising cardboard」且主張兩個美國臨時申請案第61/715,359及61/787,229號之優先權之同時申請且共同擁有之PCT申請案(下文稱為「結構元件PCT申請案」)中所揭示之一長形元件之結構。圍住該長形元件之板材部分之一或兩者(其中稱為「矩形子結構」)與形成該結構之其他部分之板材部分係一整體。
術語「硬紙板板材」表示具有與其之長度及寬度相比較實質上較薄之一較寬表面之一平面或實質上平面硬紙板塊。該硬紙板板材可為一均勻硬紙板塊，但亦可(例如)由膠合或黏著在一起以形成一較大硬紙板板材(其經形成為該單元之不同元件)之兩個或兩個以上平面硬紙板塊製成。
術語「形成」(或其之詞語變化之任一者)表示：指示賦予硬紙板板材形式或形狀之行為，即將該板材形成為單元中之一最終意欲之形狀。此形成包括(例如)將板材之一部分纏繞於長形部件上以藉此獲得所形成之長形元件之核包裹結構。在一些實施例中，此形成亦可包括界定該平面元件中之空隙。
術語「整體」表示：在不同元件之形成中使用之板材部分係一 單一已形成板材之所有部分。因此，例如，在包裹長形部件(其界定自沿該長形部件界定之一頂點延伸之板材之兩個側緣)之一板材部分之情況中，該板材之該等側緣部分之至少一者或兩者延伸至該板材界定該單元之一或多個其他元件之其他部分中。
該等硬紙板單元之元件之一或多者包括彼此緊密結合(例如藉由膠合或其他黏著手段而彼此附接)且由具有一第一面及一第二面之一已形成之硬紙板板材構成之兩層或兩層以上硬紙板之部分。如上文所述，該板材之部分纏繞兩個或兩個以上長形部件，使得該板材與該等部件緊緊結合以藉此界定該等長形核包裹元件。通過長形部件與包裹之硬紙板板材之間之結合而形成之該長形核包裹元件可給予該硬紙板結構一增加的堅硬度及抗彎曲性(如與不包含此等長形核包裹元件之一類似硬紙板結構之堅硬度及抗彎曲性相比較)。該長形核包裹元件可界定一平面多層(例如雙層)硬紙板單元之一邊緣。通常，兩個此等長形核包裹元件界定延伸於其等之間之一實質上平面元件之邊緣。
該等長形部件(如上文所述，其等可由硬紙板、木頭或塑膠製成)通常具有一修圓之形狀，例如圓形橫截面(但有時其可為卵形、橢圓形等等)；且相應地該等長形核包裹元件通常係修圓的，但其等可藉由使用呈其他形狀之適當塑模而塑形，以(例如)具有一矩形外橫截面形狀。
本發明體現與該結構元件PCT申請案以及題名為「cardboard-based structure」且主張美國臨時申請案61/787,292號之優先權之另一同時申請及共同擁有之PCT申請案之特徵相同之一些特徵，其相關內容以引用方式併入本文中。
本發明之基於硬紙板之單元具有與該等長形核包裹元件正交之一3點或4點抗彎強度，其明顯大於無此等長形核包裹元件之一雙層硬紙板結構之抗彎強度。術語「明顯大於」表示：其比該等加固部件或 一般雙層硬紙板結構(無該等長形元件)之抗彎強度大至少兩倍、五倍、有時至少10倍。與此抗彎曲性相關之一些說明及參數可在該結構元件PCT申請案中找到，如上文所述，其之內容之相關部分以引用方式併入本文中。
該硬紙板板材可屬於包括以下項目的種類：(i)由紙、加強(heavy duty)紙或硬紙板(為了便於參考，下文中所使用之術語「紙」係統稱為紙、加強紙或硬紙板)製成之至少一低密度層，其經配置以界定複數個小室(cell)或空隙，複數個小室或空隙(例如)由界定介於其等之間之複數個空隙之瓦楞、凹槽或鬆弛堆積之紙片或長條形成；且包括(ii)加襯裡於該等低密度層之一側或兩側之一或多個襯墊硬紙板片(即將該低密度層夾在其等之間)。此等硬紙板板材之實例被稱為「瓦楞硬紙板」，其由一(或若干)凹槽或瓦楞紙板材或長條及該凹槽或瓦楞紙之一側或兩(即夾置)側之一或多個扁平襯墊板組成；且亦可被稱為「蜂窩狀硬紙板」。此等材料被廣泛地用於製造箱子及運輸貨櫃。該等瓦楞或蜂窩狀硬紙板板材可為單壁或多壁硬紙板板材。此等術語亦表示涵蓋各種長度的加強硬紙板，其自紙之一單一厚板材之一簡單配置至具有多個瓦楞、蜂窩狀及其他層之特徵之複雜組態之範圍內變動。
就一實施例而言，該基於硬紙板之單元包括彼此平行之兩個第一長形核包裹元件，其等經形成具有對應平行長形部件。此等第一長形核包裹元件界定延伸於其等之間之一第一平面元件之邊緣。該等第一長形核包裹元件結合至對應第一平行長形部件。該等第一長形部件可將各第一長形部件分開於原始硬紙板板材之一中央片段與位於該中央片段之側翼之第一片段或第二片段之一者之間；曾係該板材之一部分之該兩個片段纏繞於該等長形部件上以共同形成一雙層元件。
根據一實施例，一第一側翼片段之第一面之一或多個部分附接 至該中央片段之第一面之一或多個部分(在已形成之結構中相對)。就另一實施例而言，一第一側翼片段之第一面之一或多個部分及兩個側翼片段之第二者之第一面之一或多個部分都附接至中央片段之第一面之對應部分。
先前段落中所界定之根據該等實施例之至少兩個平行長形部件與板材之第一面結合。該結構通常經形成使得原始板材之相對邊緣彼此接近，該等邊緣為在該等側翼片段之端部之邊緣。以此方式，由該板材形成一閉環結構，其中該等第一長形核包裹元件界定此一環之最末端。
就另一實施例而言，並不形成一閉環結構，而是將一硬紙板板材摺疊成大體上類似於具有相對定向摺縫之一「S」形狀之一形式。在此一組態中，第一側翼片段之一第一面之一或多個部分附接至中央片段之第一面之對應一或多個部分；而中央片段之第二面之一或多個部分附接至第二側翼片段之第二面之對應一或多個部分。在此組態中，該等第一平行長形核包裹元件中之該等長形部件之一者與第一面相結合及另一者與該板材之第二面相結合。
就一實施例而言，此一平面硬紙板塊在形式上係實質上矩形，其具有整個表面上之一完整硬紙板多層結構。在另一實施例中，(例如)藉由該多層硬紙板元件之切口或藉由適當形成原始硬紙板板材而界定此平面硬紙板元件中之一或多個空隙，其可具有裝飾或功能意義。
根據一實施例，該基於硬紙板之單元包括一或多個整體第二長形核包裹元件(其由纏繞經定向與該等第一長形核包裹元件正交之一長形部件之該硬紙板板材之一部分形成)。
根據一些實施例，該基於硬紙板之單元係一輪式器件(諸如一自行車或三輪車)之部分。此等實施例之一單元可包括一平面元件，其 形成於平行第一長形元件之間，該等平行第一長形元件經組態用於附接至自行車或三輪車之(i)一前輪及(ii)一或多個其他部分；且該單元包括與該等第一長形元件正交且與該等平面元件係一整體且經組態作為該自行車或三輪車之一把手之一第二長形元件。該平面塊通常經組態具有空隙，該等空隙具有與自行車或三輪車之(i)一前輪及(ii)一或多個其他部分結合之功能。
100‧‧‧硬紙板板材
102‧‧‧長形部件
104‧‧‧長形部件
106‧‧‧平行線
106A‧‧‧箭頭
108‧‧‧平行線
108A‧‧‧箭頭
110‧‧‧邊緣
112‧‧‧邊緣
114‧‧‧側翼部分
116‧‧‧側翼部分
118‧‧‧中央部分
130‧‧‧平行長形核包裹元件
132‧‧‧平行長形核包裹元件
134‧‧‧平面雙層元件
140‧‧‧第一面
142‧‧‧第二面
200‧‧‧板材
202‧‧‧長形部件
204‧‧‧長形部件
206‧‧‧線
206A‧‧‧箭頭
208‧‧‧線
208A‧‧‧箭頭
210‧‧‧邊緣
212‧‧‧邊緣
214‧‧‧側翼部分
216‧‧‧側翼部分
218‧‧‧中央部分
230‧‧‧平行長形核包裹元件
232‧‧‧平行長形核包裹元件
234‧‧‧平面三層元件
240‧‧‧第一面
242‧‧‧第二面
300‧‧‧硬紙板板材
302‧‧‧長形部件
304‧‧‧長形部件
306‧‧‧線
306A‧‧‧箭頭
306B‧‧‧線/割線
308‧‧‧線
308A‧‧‧箭頭
308B‧‧‧線/割線
310‧‧‧邊緣
312‧‧‧邊緣
314‧‧‧側翼部分
316‧‧‧側翼部分
318‧‧‧中央部分
330‧‧‧平行長形核包裹元件
332‧‧‧平行長形核包裹元件
350‧‧‧長形部件
352‧‧‧線
352A‧‧‧箭頭
354‧‧‧頂部部分
356‧‧‧部分
358‧‧‧邊緣
370‧‧‧結構
372‧‧‧橫向長形核包裹元件
402‧‧‧長形部件
404‧‧‧長形部件
450‧‧‧長形部件
470‧‧‧垂直結構
472‧‧‧長形核包裹元件
476‧‧‧切口空隙
478‧‧‧切口空隙
500‧‧‧硬紙板板材
502‧‧‧長形部件
504‧‧‧長形部件
506‧‧‧線
506A‧‧‧箭頭
508‧‧‧線
508A‧‧‧箭頭
514A‧‧‧部分
514B‧‧‧部分
516A‧‧‧部分
516B‧‧‧部分
518A‧‧‧部分
518B‧‧‧部分
550‧‧‧長形部件
552‧‧‧線
552A‧‧‧箭頭
554‧‧‧頂部部分
556‧‧‧部分
570‧‧‧垂直結構
572‧‧‧元件
578‧‧‧切口
580‧‧‧短軸插孔
582‧‧‧短軸插孔
584‧‧‧垂直片段
586‧‧‧垂直片段
為了更好地瞭解本文中所揭示之標的且為了例示如何在實踐中實施本發明之標的，現將參考附圖僅經由非限制性實例描述實施例，其中：圖1A係根據本發明之一實施例之一基於硬紙板之單元之生產之方式之一示意圖。
圖1B及圖1C分別展示該所形成之單元之一示意透視圖及一俯視圖。
圖2A係根據本發明之另一實施例之一基於硬紙板之單元之生產之方式之一示意圖。
圖2B及圖2C分別展示該所形成之單元之一示意透視圖及一俯視圖。
圖3A係本發明之又一實施例之一基於硬紙板之單元之生產之方式之一示意圖。
圖3B係根據該實施例一基於硬紙板之單元。
圖3C展示圖3B之該單元之一側視圖。
圖4展示根據本發明之另一實施例之一基於硬紙板之單元之一前視圖，其在整體形狀上類似於圖3B之形狀，唯具有一些功能性切口。
圖5A係根據本發明之另一實施例之在該基於硬紙板之單元形成 之前具有待切除之經標記之片段之一硬紙板板材之一前視圖。
圖5B展示具有經切除之片段且在該等長形部件之定位之後之圖5A之板材。
圖5C展示自圖5B之板材形成之該基於硬紙板之單元之一前視圖。
下文參考諸多實施例(其等在附圖中示意性地表示)繪示本發明。在以下描述中，圖1(即圖1A、圖1B及圖1C)係關於一實施例，且圖2、圖3、圖4及圖5各者係關於不同實施例。此等實施例之不同組件各由一三位數數字指示，第一位數根據其中其等出現之圖而給定(例如在圖1中，該等數字全部以「1」開始；而在圖2中以數字「2」開始)；而最後兩位數根據組件而定。在不同圖中，相同組件由具有相同最後兩位數之一三位數數字指示。舉例而言，圖1A及圖1B中之組件102與圖2A及圖2B中之組件202相同(其等具有相似功能)。此等相同組件可能不會每次都描述且讀者經導引以查看其他實施例中之對應組件之描述。
應注意：為了繪示，一些尺寸未按比例繪製。舉例而言，在一些圖中，展示一硬紙板板材，其中自該硬紙板板材產生一基於硬紙板之單元。該板材經展示具有與待根據本發明而使用之實際板材之至少一些之厚度不成比例之一厚度。不成比例之厚度僅係為了繪示，因為若其按比例繪製，可能很難在該等圖中觀察到此厚度。
首先參考圖1A，其展示一硬紙板板材100，具有一第一面140及一第二面142。該板材100，與板材100之第一面140上定位於與各自相對邊緣110、112等距之對應平行線106、108(線106、108係在該實際板材中並不存在之假想線)上之兩個長形部件102、104結合。彼此平行之長形部件102、104分開於該板材之各自側翼部分114、116及一中 央部分118之間。
為了根據本發明之一實施例形成一基於硬紙板之單元，板材100沿線106、108摺疊(如由箭頭106A、108A所表示)，使得沿線106、108及位於線106、108之側翼之其等之部分114、116纏繞且緊緊包裹長形部件102、104，使得在最後所形成之單元中(如圖1B及圖1C中可見)，部分114、116在其等之第一面處(例如通過黏著劑之使用)與一部分118之該第一面結合。
在圖1B及圖1C中所展示之所形成之單元中，可識別出兩個元件：界定具有延伸於其等之間之一平面雙層元件134之該單元之邊緣之兩個平行長形核包裹元件130、132。此外，在此實施例中，板材邊緣110、112變成彼此緊鄰。以此方式，所形成之硬紙板板材界定圍繞該兩個長形部件之一閉環組態。
此實施例中之長形部件102、104及下文所描述之該等部件具有一圓形橫截面。在一些實施例中，其等可具有其他圓形橫截面，例如橢圓形、卵形。
長形核包裹元件130、132亦如同下文所描述實施例中之其他長形核包裹元件具有修圓之邊緣，其等係形成程序之一結果。然而，藉由使用適當塑模或模製，該等邊緣可經按壓形成而具有其他形式，例如矩形。就一實施例而言，該硬紙板板材可為一瓦楞或蜂窩狀硬紙板板材。然而，本發明不限於此類型的硬紙板板材。
現參考圖2A至圖2C，其繪示根據另一實施例之一單元(圖2B及圖2C)及形成此一單元之方式(圖2A)。不同於圖1A至圖1C之該等實施例，根據圖2A至圖2C之該等實施例，該硬紙板板材形成類似於一「S」之一形狀，而非一閉環。
在描述圖2A至圖2C之實施例中，為了便於描述，參考定名為一第一面240及相對之一第二面242之板材之兩個相對面。
如圖2A中可見，長形部件202與第一面240(沿平行於邊緣210之線206定位)結合且長形部件204(平行於長形部件202)與第二面242(沿平行於邊緣212之線208定位)結合。
如圖2A中所繪示，線206、208界定實質上相同寬度之三個部分，其等包含兩個側翼部分214、216及一中央部分218。板材200藉由沿由箭頭206A表示之方向沿線206及沿由箭頭208A表示之方向沿線208沿該相反方向摺疊該板材而形成。最後，該所形成之基於硬紙板之單元(圖2B至圖2C中可見)在一整個實質上平面3層元件234之相對端處具有兩個平行長形核包裹元件230、232。
在圖1A至圖2C之兩個實施例中，如前文所描述，平行長形部件102、104及202、204(對應於長形核包裹元件130、132及230、232)延伸原始硬紙板板材之全部長度且因此沿該所形成之基於硬紙板之單元之全部長度延伸。然而，在一些實施例中，此等部件可僅延伸部分長度，特別係該板材之長度之主要部分。根據另一實施例，除了該長形核包裹元件中之一單一長形部件以外，沿相同軸配置之兩個或兩個以上長形部件可包括於該等長形元件中。換言之，在此情況下，該長形部件由可為相同或一不同長度之諸多個別片段界定。此等片段可經定位使得一者之一端係毗鄰另一者之一端之位置；或有時此等片段可彼此分開。該等不同片段可由相同或不同材料製成。雖然此等片段通常具有相同橫截面形狀，但有時其等可具有不同橫截面形狀。
另一基於硬紙板之單元及形成該基於硬紙板之單元之方式展示於圖3A至圖3C中，其具有比該等先前所繪示之實施例在某種程度上更複雜之一設計。
現轉向圖3A，可看見一硬紙板板材300及三個長形部件302、304、350。長形部件302、304彼此平行及沿線306、308平行於邊緣310、312；且長形部件350經定位平行於邊緣358，即經定向與長形部 件302、304正交。硬紙板板材300沿自各自邊緣310、312平行於邊緣358延伸至各自線306、308之線306B、308B裁切。
界定於線306、308與各自割線306B、308B之間之側翼部分314、316以與相對於圖1A所描述之方式類似之一方式沿箭頭306A、308A之方向摺疊，以最終形成圖3B中所展示單元中之一垂直結構370，其中一雙層元件界定於其等之邊緣處之兩個平行長形核包裹元件330、332之間。界定於線352與邊緣358之間之該硬紙板板材之頂部部分354接著沿線352及沿箭頭352A之方向在長形部件350之上摺疊至部分356上以形成一橫向長形核包裹元件372。如圖3C中可看得最清楚，自元件372向下延伸之該硬紙板板材部分與結構370中之該板材之中央部分係一整體。
現轉向圖4，其展示根據本發明之另一實施例之一基於硬紙板之單元，該基於硬紙板之單元具有如圖3B及圖3C中所展示之整體形狀，亦即，具有一垂直結構470，該垂直結構470具有界定於在其邊緣上圍繞兩個長形部件402、404形成的兩個平行長形核包裹元件之間的一雙層元件；及一圍繞長形部件450形成的一橫向長形核包裹元件472。如可見，圖4中之該單元藉由具有可在形成圖3B之單元之後而切出之兩個切口空隙476、478而不同於圖3B之單元。該單元可用作一三輪車之一前元件，其中切口478容納一三輪車之一前輪，該輪穿過嵌於垂直結構470之底部部分中之軸固持件(此圖中未展示，但下文將進一步繪示)而被接納；而切口478經由嵌於垂直結構470中之一垂直軸插孔(未展示，但圖5B及圖5C中將繪示)而鉸接至一三輪車之後部分。
在不同於圖4之單元之一些相異處中，該等切口亦可預形成於該板材中。此繪示於圖5中。圖5A中之硬紙板板材500具有一整體矩形形狀，但其之若干塊(繪製為陰影)經切除以產生圖5B中所展示之預形成之板材。
類似於圖3A之情況，長形部件502、504沿平行垂直線506、508定位且另一長形部件550沿與線506、508正交之線552定位。短軸插孔580、582鄰近界定於切口578之兩側處之部分518A、518B之底端而放置，短軸插孔580、582通常係用於接納一三輪車之該前輪之軸之各自端部之空心塑膠管片段。亦放置於該硬紙板之第一面的係兩個垂直片段584、586，其等亦可為空心塑膠管且用於鉸接至一三輪車之主體。該預形成之板材接著沿由箭頭506A及508A表示之方向圍繞該長形部件摺疊，以使得部分514A、514B、516A及516B圍繞長形部件502、504而摺疊。部分554在箭頭552A表示之方向圍繞長形部件550而摺疊以與部分556接觸。在將相對硬紙板面彼此黏著之後，形成圖5C中所展示之該基於硬紙板之單元，其具有一垂直結構570及一橫向長形核包裹元件572。
102‧‧‧長形部件
104‧‧‧長形部件
110‧‧‧邊緣
112‧‧‧邊緣
114‧‧‧側翼部分
116‧‧‧側翼部分
118‧‧‧中央部分

Claims (18)

  1. 一種作為一輪式器件之部分的基於硬紙板之結構單元，該基於硬紙板之結構單元係大致為平面且由一單一已形成硬紙板板材所形成，該基於硬紙板之結構單元包括一平面元件，該平面元件：(a)包括彼此附接且由具有第一面及第二面之該單一已形成硬紙板板材構成之兩層或兩層以上硬紙板；及(b)在兩個長形核包裹元件之間延伸且與該等核包裹元件為一整體；該兩個核包裹元件之每一者(i)形成該基於硬紙板之結構單元之一邊緣，且(ii)包括纏繞至少一個長形部件之該板材之一包裹部分，使得該板材之該等包裹部分附接至該至少一個長形部件；該等長形部件將各者分開於(a)該板材之一中央片段及(b)該板材之第一側翼片段及第二側翼片段之間，該等側翼片段及該中央片段共同形成該平面元件之彼此附接之該兩層或兩層以上硬紙板，及該等長形核包裹元件給予基於硬紙板之結構單元一增加的堅硬度及抗彎曲性。
  2. 如請求項1之單元，其中該等長形部件具有一修圓之橫截面。
  3. 如請求項2之單元，其中該等長形部件具有一圓形橫截面。
  4. 如請求項1至3中任一項之單元，其中該等長形部件由木頭、硬紙板或塑膠製成。
  5. 如請求項1之單元，其中該硬紙板板材包括(i)至少一低密度層及(ii)加襯裡於該至少一低密度層之至少一側處之一或多個襯墊硬紙板片。
  6. 如請求項5之單元，其中該至少一低密度層包括紙、加強紙、瓦楞硬紙板、蜂窩狀硬紙板或經配置以界定複數個小室或空隙之硬紙板。
  7. 如請求項1之單元，其中該等邊緣具有一修圓之外橫截面形狀。
  8. 如請求項1之單元，其包括彼此平行之該等長形核包裹元件之兩者。
  9. 如請求項8之單元，其中該第一側翼片段之第一面之一或多個部分附接至該中央片段之第一面之一或多個部分。
  10. 如請求項9之單元，其中該第一側翼片段之該第一面之一或多個部分及該第二側翼片段之該第一面之一或多個部分附接至該中央片段之該第一面之對應部分。
  11. 如請求項9之單元，其中該等長形部件附接至該板材之該第一面。
  12. 如請求項9之單元，其中該等側翼片段之端部處之該板材之相對邊緣彼此接近。
  13. 如請求項1之單元，其中該第一側翼片段之該第一面之一或多個部分附接至該中央片段之該第一面之對應一或多個部分，及該第二側翼片段之該第二面之一或多個部分附接至該中央片段之該第二面之對應一或多個部分。
  14. 如請求項13之單元，其中該等長形部件之一者附接至該板材之該第一面，及該等長形部件之另一者附接至該板材之該第二面；該等長形部件之該一者與該等長形部件之該另一者彼此平行。
  15. 如請求項1之單元，其中該平面元件包括一或多個空隙。
  16. 如請求項8之單元，其包括經定向與該等平行長形核包裹元件正交之一或多個整體第二核包裹元件。
  17. 如請求項1之單元，其中該輪式器件係一自行車或三輪車。
  18. 如請求項17之單元，其具有以下特性：係一自行車或三輪車之部分；具有一該平面元件，其經組態用於附接至該自行車或三輪車之(i)一前輪及(ii)一或多個其他部分；及具有與該平面元件係一整體且經組態作為該自行車或三輪車之一把手之一核包裹元件。
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MA38524A1 (fr) 2016-09-30
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US20150054249A1 (en) 2015-02-26
JP6141519B2 (ja) 2017-06-07
KR101685868B1 (ko) 2016-12-12
US20160137255A1 (en) 2016-05-19
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