TWI592433B - A crosslinked resin composition, a cured product, and a method for producing the same - Google Patents
A crosslinked resin composition, a cured product, and a method for producing the same Download PDFInfo
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- TWI592433B TWI592433B TW102141889A TW102141889A TWI592433B TW I592433 B TWI592433 B TW I592433B TW 102141889 A TW102141889 A TW 102141889A TW 102141889 A TW102141889 A TW 102141889A TW I592433 B TWI592433 B TW I592433B
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- H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
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Description
本發明係關於交聯型樹脂組成物、硬化物及其製造方法。
脂環式烯烴系樹脂,已知在低吸水性、高透明性、精密成型性、低介電常數.低介電正切優異、光學薄膜或光碟等之光學材料、醫療用注射器或檢查單元等之醫療材料、電子元件之密封材料等之電絕緣材料等領域,發揮優異之性能。
例如,專利文獻1中已揭示適合於光學材料或醫療材料,添加氟膦酸酯系抗氧化劑於脂環式烯烴系樹脂之樹脂組成物。
近年來,將擴大在電絕緣材料等領域之用途作為目的,追求脂環式烯烴系樹脂組成物之耐熱性或耐溶劑性之改良。作為改良方法之一,雖考量與其他樹脂混合,但有脂環式烯烴系樹脂與其他樹脂的相溶性低落的問題。
[專利文獻1]日本特開平06-080864號公報
作為耐熱性及耐溶劑性的改良方法之一,雖亦考量交聯脂環式烯烴系樹脂,使極性基或不具有不飽和鍵之脂環式烯烴系樹脂交聯實為困難,到目前為止尚未被檢討。
於此本發明的目的,係提供一種可交聯脂環式烯烴系樹脂之交聯型樹脂組成物。藉由其,提供一種密著性、耐熱性、耐溶劑性經改善之硬化物、及其製造方法。
本發明者等為了解決上述課題進行銳意檢討,聚焦在藉由電子束照射之交聯。然而,與係電子束交聯型高分子之聚乙烯或聚苯乙烯不同,即使於脂環式烯烴系樹脂照射電子束,亦無法產生交聯反應。因此,更進一步檢討時,發現藉由於含有脂環式烯烴系樹脂與具有碳-碳雙鍵之有機化合物之樹脂組成物照射電子束,使交聯成為可能,終至完成本發明。
亦即,本發明之交聯型樹脂組成物,其特徵
為含有(A)脂環式烯烴系樹脂、及(B)具有碳-碳雙鍵之有機化合物。
本發明之交聯型樹脂組成物,以前述(A)脂環式烯烴系樹脂未具有極性基及不飽和鍵之任一個為佳。
本發明之交聯型樹脂組成物,以前述(B)具有碳-碳雙鍵之有機化合物為多官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯系化合物為佳。
本發明之硬化物,其特徵為藉由將前述交聯型樹脂組成物由電子束照射進行硬化而得到。
本發明之硬化物之製造方法,其特徵為包含:將含有(A)脂環式烯烴系樹脂、及(B)具有碳-碳雙鍵之有機化合物之組成物由電子束照射使其硬化之步驟。
根據本發明,可提供一種可交聯脂環式烯烴系樹脂之交聯型樹脂組成物,並藉由其之密著性、耐熱性、耐溶劑性經改善之硬化物及其製造方法。
[圖1]圖1表示於實施例1之交聯型樹脂組成物,照射電子束時之IR光譜變化之圖。
[圖2]圖2表示於比較例1之樹脂組成物,照射電子束時之IR光譜變化之圖。
[圖3]圖3表示於實施例1之交聯型樹脂組成物,照射電子束時之DMS測定結果之圖。
[圖4]圖4表示於實施例1之組成,進一步添加光聚合起始劑,照射紫外線時之DMS測定結果之圖。
本發明之交聯型樹脂組成物係其特徵為含有(A)脂環式烯烴系樹脂、及(B)具有碳-碳雙鍵之有機化合物,並藉由照射電子束,可交聯脂環式烯烴系樹脂。
以下對各成分進行具體說明。
<(A)脂環式烯烴系樹脂>
本發明中,作為(A)脂環式烯烴系樹脂,可使用公知之脂環式烯烴系樹脂,若為具有將來自脂環式烯烴單體之構造作為重複單位之聚合物樹脂,則並無特別限定。例如可列舉降莰烯系聚合物、乙烯基脂環式烴聚合物、單環之環狀烯烴系聚合物、環狀共軛二烯系聚合物及其氫化物等。作為市售品,有日本Zeon公司製之ZEONEX系列、ZEONOR系列、JSR公司製之ARTON系列、三井化學公司製之APEL系列、APO系列等。
作為(A)脂環式烯烴系樹脂之脂環構造,雖可列舉環烷烴構造或環烯構造,但從耐熱性之觀點來看,以環烷烴構造為佳。又,可為單環、多環、縮合多環、架橋環、組合此等之多環。作為脂環構造之具體例,例如可列
舉環戊烷構造、縮合二個環戊烷之脂環構造、縮合環戊烷與降莰烷之脂環構造。
本發明之交聯型樹脂組成物,係(A)脂環式烯烴系樹脂即使於主鏈中或主鏈末端皆不具有極性基及不飽和鍵亦可進行交聯。在本案,所謂極性基,係指包含雜原子(係指氫、碳以外之原子)之取代基,具體而言,可列舉羥基、(甲基)丙烯醯基、酚性羥基、異氰酸酯基、酯基、環氧基等之環狀醚基等。作為不飽和鍵,可列舉碳-碳雙鍵、碳-碳三鍵、碳-氮雙鍵等。
脂環式烯烴系樹脂之中,從成形性之觀點來看,以降莰烯系聚合物為佳。作為降莰烯系聚合物,可列舉降莰烯系單體之開環聚合物及其氫化物、可與降莰烯系單體開環共聚合之其他單體的開環共聚合物及其氫化物、降莰烯系單體之加成聚合物、可與降莰烯系單體共聚合之其他單體的加成共聚合物等。其中,以降莰烯系單體之開環(共)聚合物的氫化物為佳。
作為降莰烯系單體之開環(共)聚合物的氫化物,以具有下述一般式所示之重複單位者為佳。
(式中,R1及R2係表示分別獨立為氫原子、鹵原子或
羥基等之可具有取代基之碳數1~7之烷基、鹵原子或羥基等之可具有取代基之碳數3~8之環烷基、或隣接之碳原子的同時,形成可具有取代基之五員環或可具有取代基之降莰烷環)。
重複單位較佳之重複次數為20~500,更佳為50~400。
(A)脂環式烯烴系樹脂之重量平均分子量(Mw)雖並未特別限定,但較佳為5000~70000,更佳為10000~50000。
(A)脂環式烯烴系樹脂之摻合量以與(B)具有碳-碳雙鍵之有機化合物的摻合量比((A):(B)),以固體含量及質量份換算,以5:5~9:1為佳,以6:4~8:2更佳。(A)脂環式烯烴系樹脂之摻合量為摻合量比5:5以上時,相溶性變為良好。又,(A)脂環式烯烴系樹脂之摻合量為摻合量比9:1以下時,硬化性變為良好。又,於不損及發明之效果的範圍,可併用以往之樹脂。
<(B)具有碳-碳雙鍵之有機化合物>
本發明中,可使用公知慣用之化合物作為(B)具有碳-碳雙鍵之有機化合物。照射電子束於具有碳-碳雙鍵之有機化合物時,考量生成自由基陽離子等之活性物質,起因於如此之活性物質,被認為引起交聯。
作為(B)具有碳-碳雙鍵之有機化合物,可列舉(甲基)丙烯酸酯化合物、烯丙基化合物、乙烯基化合物
等。其中以(甲基)丙烯酸酯化合物為佳。作為(甲基)丙烯酸酯化合物,具體而言,可列舉2-羥乙基丙烯酸酯、2-羥丙基丙烯酸酯等之羥烷基丙烯酸酯類;乙二醇、甲氧基四乙二醇、聚乙二醇、丙二醇等甘醇之二丙烯酸酯類;N,N-二甲基丙烯醯胺、N-羥甲基丙烯醯胺、N,N-二甲基胺基丙基丙烯醯胺等之丙烯醯胺類;N,N-二甲基胺基乙基丙烯酸酯、N,N-二甲基胺基丙基丙烯酸酯等之胺基烷基丙烯酸酯類;己二醇、參-羥乙基異氰脲酸酯等之多元醇或此等之環氧乙烷加成物、環氧丙烷加成物、或ε-己內酯加成物等之多元丙烯酸酯類;苯氧基丙烯酸酯、及此等之酚類之環氧乙烷加成物或環氧丙烷加成物等之多元丙烯酸酯類;甘油二縮水甘油醚、甘油三縮水甘油醚、三縮水甘油異氰脲酸酯等之縮水甘油醚之多元丙烯酸酯類;不限於上述,將聚醚聚醇、聚碳酸酯二醇、羥基末端聚丁二烯、聚酯聚醇等之聚醇直接丙烯酸酯化、或透過二異氰酸酯進行胺基甲酸乙脂丙烯酸酯化之丙烯酸酯類及三聚氰胺丙烯酸酯、及對應上述丙烯酸酯之各甲基丙烯酸酯類之至少任1種等。(B)具有碳-碳雙鍵之有機化合物,進一步為二官能以上之(甲基)丙烯酸酯化合物,亦即,以多官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯化合物為佳。其中,從相溶性等之觀點來看,以具有環構造之(甲基)丙烯酸酯化合物為佳。尚,在本說明書中,所謂(甲基)丙烯酸酯,係總稱為丙烯酸酯、甲基丙烯酸酯及該等之混合物之用語,對於其他類似之表現亦相同。
<其他成分>
本發明之交聯型樹脂組成物除了上述各成分之外,可包含硬化性樹脂組成物所使用之其他成分。作為其他成分,可列舉溶劑、黏合劑、著色劑、導電粉、表面處理劑、消泡劑、整平劑、表面張力降低劑、稀釋劑、可塑化劑、填料、觸變劑、耦合劑、穩定劑、抗氧化劑、分散劑等,公知者皆可使用。本發明之交聯型樹脂組成物因為可由電子束照射使其硬化,從經濟性、作業性之觀點來看,以不包含紫外線硬化所使用之光聚合起始劑者為佳。
<硬化物>
本發明之硬化物,係藉由將上述交聯型樹脂組成物由電子束照射進行硬化而得到者。將低加速電壓較佳為30~150kV,更佳為50~100kV之電子束,以於300~800kGy之線量、50~5000ppm之氧濃度下進行照射為佳。低加速電壓為30kV以上時,硬化性變為良好。低加速電壓為150kV以下時,可抑制給予基材損害。
<硬化物之製造方法>
本發明之硬化物之製造方法,其特徵為包含:將含有上述(A)脂環式烯烴系樹脂及(B)具有碳-碳雙鍵之有機化合物之組成物由電子束照射使其硬化之步驟。將低加速電壓較佳為30~150kV,更佳為50~100kV之電子束,以300~800kGy之線量、50~5000ppm之氧濃度下進行照射為
佳。電子束照射之方法並未特別限定,可使用區域光束型、簾式光束型、掃描光束型、真空管型等之電子束照射裝置。
以下,雖將本發明由實施例更具體說明,但並非被限定於此。尚且,除非另有說明,「份」係意味質量份,「%」係意味質量%。
(實施例1、比較例1)
(樹脂組成物之製作)
於下述表1所示之比例,混合各成分,以三輥研磨機進行捏合,製作實施例1之交聯型樹脂組成物及比較例1之樹脂組成物。表中摻合量之單位為質量份。
將藉由實施例1之交聯型樹脂組成物之電子束照射之IR光譜的變化表示於圖1。IR光譜使用Perkin Elmer Japan公司製FT-IR Spectrum100,藉由ATR法進行測定。作為比較,將比較例1之樹脂組成物(亦即僅脂環式烯烴系樹脂)的IR光譜(無電子束照射)表示於圖1(a)。圖1(b)表示實施例1之交聯型樹脂組成物的IR光譜(無電子束照射)。圖1(c)~(e)係表示分別照射200kGy、300kGy、500kGy之電子束於實施例1之交聯型樹脂組成物後之IR光譜。
如圖1所示,瞭解到於電子束照射量增加的同時,於脂環式烯烴系樹脂,減少特徵性面內C-H變角(740cm-1)的峰值。又,瞭解到與照射量之增加的同時,並減少起因於丙烯酸酯之808、1404cm-1附近之峰值。從此等之結果,脂環式烯烴系樹脂係披露由電子束照射而交聯。
將藉由比較例1之樹脂組成物的電子束照射之IR光譜之變化表示於圖2。IR光譜與上述相同方式測定。圖2(a)係表示將比較例1之樹脂組成物的IR光譜(無電子束照射),圖2(b)及(c)分別照射100kGy及1000kGy之電子束於比較例1之樹脂組成物後之IR光譜。
如圖2所示,由於未觀察到藉由電子束照射之光譜變化,被認為於脂環式烯烴系樹脂單質,電子束未硬化。
將實施例1之交聯型樹脂組成物,以與上述相同之方法分別照射200kGy、300kGy、500kGy之電子束後,成為20mm×5mm×30μm之短條狀,使用DMS(動態黏彈性測定裝置、SII Nanotechnology公司製DMS6100),將測定儲藏彈性率E'、損失彈性率E"及損失正接tanδ(=E"/E')之結果表示於圖3。
從圖3之結果,與電子束之照射量增加的同時,並上昇彈性率、及玻璃轉移溫度(Tg)(=tanδ(=E"/E')成為極大值之溫度),脂環式烯烴系樹脂係披露由電子束照射而交聯。將從圖3所求得之玻璃轉移溫度,表示於下述表2。玻璃轉移溫度之上昇,係表示提昇耐熱性。尚且,僅測定比較例1之脂環式烯烴系樹脂,於60℃附近之樣品已延伸,無法得到測定值。
將實施例1之交聯型樹脂組成物,以施力器塗佈於PET薄膜,藉由90℃×30分鐘乾燥,於基板上形成塗膜,得到試驗基板。為了確認電子束照射後之塗膜(硬化物)的硬化性及耐溶劑性,對於所得到之試驗基板,與上述相同
將電子束分別照射0(未照射)、100、200、300、500kGy後,分別將使用1,2,3,4-四氫萘(Tetralin)之摩擦試驗進行20次之後,以丙酮沖洗,將塗膜之溶解.剝離以目視確認。評估基準如以下所述。將結果表示於下述表3。從下述表3之結果,瞭解到藉由電子束照射來提昇硬化性及耐溶劑性。
○...四氫萘摩擦後,無塗膜之溶解.剝離
△...四氫萘摩擦後,於塗膜表面有混濁部分
×...四氫萘摩擦後,有塗膜之溶解.剝離
作為紫外線照射時之例,於實施例1之成分,除了進一步添加3.0質量份光聚合起始劑(BASF Japan公司製之Irgacure 907)之外,對於以三輥研磨機進行混合分散而製作之交聯型樹脂組成物,將DMS測定及摩擦試驗之結果分別表示於圖4及表4。DMS測定係將所得到之交聯型樹脂組成物使用ORC製作所公司製HMW-680GW-20,將紫外線以0(未照射)、500、1000mJ/cm2照射之後,成為20mm×5mm×30μm之短條狀,以與上述相同之方法測定。摩擦試驗係與上述相同,對於在基板上形成塗膜所得到之試驗基板,與上述相同將紫外線以0(未照射)、500、1000、2000mJ/cm2照射之後,以與上述相同之
方法評估。
從圖4之結果,雖然紫外線照射量增加的同時,並提昇彈性率、及玻璃轉移溫度,但玻璃轉移溫度與上述電子束照射硬化時相比較為低。又,如下述表4所示,即使照射紫外線,亦未發現耐溶劑性之提昇。從以上之結果,於紫外線照射,僅引起丙烯酸酯與光聚合起始劑的硬化,披露脂環式烯烴系樹脂並未交聯。
脂環式烯烴系樹脂雖具有高度脫模性,於對層間絕緣膜等之應用時,對基材的密著性成為課題。因此如下述,脂環式烯烴系樹脂係藉由與丙烯酸酯交聯,來確認對密著性的影響。
將實施例1之交聯型樹脂組成物及比較例1之樹脂組成物,以施力器分別塗佈於PET薄膜(易接著面)上,其次於90℃下加熱30分鐘使其乾燥,製作30μm厚之評估塗膜。實施例1之評估塗膜與上述相同,將電子束分別照射0(未照射)、50、100、200、300、500kGy後,又,比較例1之評估塗膜未照射電子束,於評估塗膜以截切刀作出
100個1mm×1mm平方,從其上貼附玻璃紙膠帶,並對塗膜,於90°下剝離膠帶,將膠帶之附著物以目視確認,以下述之基準評估。將結果表示於下述表5。從下述表5之結果,顯示實施例1之交聯型樹脂組成物,係藉由電子束照射來提昇密著性,及可成為比脂環式烯烴系樹脂單質(比較例1)密著性更優異之硬化物。
○:無塗膜之剝離
×:有塗膜之剝離
分別塗佈實施例1之交聯型樹脂組成物及比較例1之樹脂組成物,進行90℃×30分鐘乾燥,得到20mm×20mm之評估試料。對於實施例1之評估試料,與上述相同將電子束照射500kGy之後,測定浸漬24小時於保持在50℃之水時之重量變化。對於比較例1之評估試料,未照射電子束,同樣測定重量變化。將結果表示於下述表6。
低吸水性為脂環式烯烴系樹脂組成物的特性之一時,從下述表6之結果,將實施例1之交聯型樹脂組成物即使藉由電子束照射進行交聯,顯示與脂環式烯烴系樹脂單質(比較例1)同等之低吸水性。合併上述摩擦試驗的結果,
顯示藉由電子束照射由交聯提昇耐溶劑性的同時,並保持低吸水性。
從以上結果,根據本發明,顯示將脂環式烯烴系樹脂組成物藉由電子束照射可交聯。又,藉由由電子束照射使其交聯,可提昇脂環式烯烴系樹脂之耐熱性或耐溶劑性。藉由由電子束照射使其交聯,亦可提昇密著性。進而根據本發明,亦顯示保持低吸水性之脂環式烯烴系樹脂的特性可直接交聯。
將本發明之交聯型樹脂組成物由電子束照射使其硬化之硬化膜,可利用在有機TFT之柵絕緣膜或層間絕緣材等之絕緣用途、鏡片、導光板、光學薄膜、光碟等之光學用途、醫療用注射器、檢查單元等之醫療用途。
Claims (3)
- 一種交聯型樹脂組成物,其係含有(A)皆不具有極性基及不飽和鍵之脂環式烯烴系樹脂、及(B)多官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯化合物之交聯型樹脂組成物,其特徵為前述(A)脂環式烯烴系樹脂之摻合量以與(B)具有碳-碳雙鍵之有機化合物的摻合量比((A):(B)),以固體含量及質量份換算,為5:5~9:1。
- 一種硬化物,其特徵為藉由將如請求項1記載之交聯型樹脂組成物由電子束照射進行硬化而得到。
- 一種硬化物的製造方法,其特徵為包含將含有(A)脂環式烯烴系樹脂、及(B)具有碳-碳雙鍵之有機化合物之組成物由電子束照射使其硬化之步驟。
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