TWI586667B - Nitrogen-containing aromatic compounds, organic semiconductor materials and organic electronic devices - Google Patents
Nitrogen-containing aromatic compounds, organic semiconductor materials and organic electronic devices Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TWI586667B TWI586667B TW101145457A TW101145457A TWI586667B TW I586667 B TWI586667 B TW I586667B TW 101145457 A TW101145457 A TW 101145457A TW 101145457 A TW101145457 A TW 101145457A TW I586667 B TWI586667 B TW I586667B
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- group
- carbon atoms
- organic
- organic semiconductor
- aromatic
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 title claims description 136
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims description 74
- -1 Nitrogen-containing aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 59
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 65
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 65
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 claims description 57
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000005017 substituted alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000000547 substituted alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000004426 substituted alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000472 sulfonyl group Chemical group *S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 claims 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 73
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 43
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 28
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 26
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 230000005685 electric field effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 14
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 14
- MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C21 MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 13
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 12
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 11
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 9
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalocyanine Chemical class N1C(N=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C(N=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C(=N4)N3)=N2)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1N=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C4=N1 IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 230000005525 hole transport Effects 0.000 description 7
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 7
- AZQWKYJCGOJGHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-benzoquinone Chemical compound O=C1C=CC(=O)C=C1 AZQWKYJCGOJGHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229920001609 Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) Polymers 0.000 description 6
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 229920001940 conductive polymer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenanthrene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 6
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Furan Chemical compound C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quinoline Chemical compound N1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiophene Chemical group C=1C=CSC=1 YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- SLIUAWYAILUBJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentacene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC4=CC5=CC=CC=C5C=C4C=C3C=C21 SLIUAWYAILUBJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229920000123 polythiophene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 125000001140 1,4-phenylene group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([*:2])=C([H])C([H])=C1[*:1] 0.000 description 4
- UJOBWOGCFQCDNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9H-carbazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3NC2=C1 UJOBWOGCFQCDNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZCQWOFVYLHDMMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxazole Chemical compound C1=COC=N1 ZCQWOFVYLHDMMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PCNDJXKNXGMECE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenazine Natural products C1=CC=CC2=NC3=CC=CC=C3N=C21 PCNDJXKNXGMECE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrole Chemical compound C=1C=CNC=1 KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- DZBUGLKDJFMEHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acridine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3N=C21 DZBUGLKDJFMEHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- XCJYREBRNVKWGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) phthalocyanine Chemical compound [Cu+2].C12=CC=CC=C2C(N=C2[N-]C(C3=CC=CC=C32)=N2)=NC1=NC([C]1C=CC=CC1=1)=NC=1N=C1[C]3C=CC=CC3=C2[N-]1 XCJYREBRNVKWGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000000059 patterning Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920000553 poly(phenylenevinylene) Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920001467 poly(styrenesulfonates) Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920002098 polyfluorene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229960002796 polystyrene sulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 239000011970 polystyrene sulfonate Substances 0.000 description 4
- PBMFSQRYOILNGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridazine Chemical compound C1=CC=NN=C1 PBMFSQRYOILNGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LXNHXLLTXMVWPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridoxine Chemical compound CC1=NC=C(CO)C(CO)=C1O LXNHXLLTXMVWPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XSCHRSMBECNVNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinoxaline Chemical compound N1=CC=NC2=CC=CC=C21 XSCHRSMBECNVNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229930195734 saturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 4
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000001771 vacuum deposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- TZMSYXZUNZXBOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10H-phenoxazine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC3=CC=CC=C3OC2=C1 TZMSYXZUNZXBOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VEPOHXYIFQMVHW-XOZOLZJESA-N 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid (2S,3S)-3,4-dimethyl-2-phenylmorpholine Chemical compound OC(C(O)C(O)=O)C(O)=O.C[C@H]1[C@@H](OCCN1C)c1ccccc1 VEPOHXYIFQMVHW-XOZOLZJESA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XMWRBQBLMFGWIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N C60 fullerene Chemical compound C12=C3C(C4=C56)=C7C8=C5C5=C9C%10=C6C6=C4C1=C1C4=C6C6=C%10C%10=C9C9=C%11C5=C8C5=C8C7=C3C3=C7C2=C1C1=C2C4=C6C4=C%10C6=C9C9=C%11C5=C5C8=C3C3=C7C1=C1C2=C4C6=C2C9=C5C3=C12 XMWRBQBLMFGWIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UUIQMZJEGPQKFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl butyrate Chemical compound CCCC(=O)OC UUIQMZJEGPQKFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- JFDZBHWFFUWGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzonitrile Chemical compound N#CC1=CC=CC=C1 JFDZBHWFFUWGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 description 3
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- RBTKNAXYKSUFRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N heliogen blue Chemical compound [Cu].[N-]1C2=C(C=CC=C3)C3=C1N=C([N-]1)C3=CC=CC=C3C1=NC([N-]1)=C(C=CC=C3)C3=C1N=C([N-]1)C3=CC=CC=C3C1=N2 RBTKNAXYKSUFRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 3
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 3
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 150000004033 porphyrin derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000004032 porphyrins Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VJYJJHQEVLEOFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N thieno[3,2-b]thiophene Chemical compound S1C=CC2=C1C=CS2 VJYJJHQEVLEOFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KXSFECAJUBPPFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2':5',2''-terthiophene Chemical compound C1=CSC(C=2SC(=CC=2)C=2SC=CC=2)=C1 KXSFECAJUBPPFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NDOPHXWIAZIXPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-bromobenzaldehyde Chemical compound BrC1=CC=CC=C1C=O NDOPHXWIAZIXPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XNMQEEKYCVKGBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butyne Chemical compound CC#CC XNMQEEKYCVKGBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FPYUJUBAXZAQNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chlorobenzaldehyde Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1C=O FPYUJUBAXZAQNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GJCOSYZMQJWQCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9H-xanthene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CC3=CC=CC=C3OC2=C1 GJCOSYZMQJWQCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920003026 Acene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- YFIJJNAKSZUOLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Anthanthrene Chemical compound C1=C(C2=C34)C=CC=C2C=CC3=CC2=CC=CC3=CC=C1C4=C32 YFIJJNAKSZUOLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000219 Ethylene vinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Indole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC=CC2=C1 SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 2
- KYQCOXFCLRTKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrazine Chemical compound C1=CN=CC=N1 KYQCOXFCLRTKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000004453 alkoxycarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000004414 alkyl thio group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052925 anhydrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000006615 aromatic heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000002029 aromatic hydrocarbon group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000007080 aromatic substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- IOJUPLGTWVMSFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzothiazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC=NC2=C1 IOJUPLGTWVMSFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 2
- XJHCXCQVJFPJIK-UHFFFAOYSA-M caesium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[Cs+] XJHCXCQVJFPJIK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001716 carbazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000547 conjugated polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- VPUGDVKSAQVFFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N coronene Chemical compound C1=C(C2=C34)C=CC3=CC=C(C=C3)C4=C4C3=CC=C(C=C3)C4=C2C3=C1 VPUGDVKSAQVFFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000640 cyclooctyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentadiene Chemical compound C1C=CC=C1 ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001511 cyclopentyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- TXCDCPKCNAJMEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibenzofuran Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3OC2=C1 TXCDCPKCNAJMEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IYYZUPMFVPLQIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibenzothiophene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3SC2=C1 IYYZUPMFVPLQIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HKNRNTYTYUWGLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dithieno[3,2-a:2',3'-d]thiophene Chemical compound C1=CSC2=C1SC1=C2C=CS1 HKNRNTYTYUWGLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- GVEPBJHOBDJJJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoranthene Chemical compound C1=CC(C2=CC=CC=C22)=C3C2=CC=CC3=C1 GVEPBJHOBDJJJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- XAPCMTMQBXLDBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexyl butyrate Chemical compound CCCCCCOC(=O)CCC XAPCMTMQBXLDBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007641 inkjet printing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- QDLAGTHXVHQKRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N lichenxanthone Natural products COC1=CC(O)=C2C(=O)C3=C(C)C=C(OC)C=C3OC2=C1 QDLAGTHXVHQKRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium fluoride Chemical compound [Li+].[F-] PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-decene Natural products CCCCCCCCC=C AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- YTVNOVQHSGMMOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalenetetracarboxylic dianhydride Chemical compound C1=CC(C(=O)OC2=O)=C3C2=CC=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C1=C32 YTVNOVQHSGMMOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LQNUZADURLCDLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrobenzene Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 LQNUZADURLCDLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000007978 oxazole derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- MPQXHAGKBWFSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxidophosphanium Chemical class [PH3]=O MPQXHAGKBWFSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 2
- RDOWQLZANAYVLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenanthridine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C=NC2=C1 RDOWQLZANAYVLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HXITXNWTGFUOAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylboronic acid Chemical compound OB(O)C1=CC=CC=C1 HXITXNWTGFUOAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CLYVDMAATCIVBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N pigment red 224 Chemical compound C=12C3=CC=C(C(OC4=O)=O)C2=C4C=CC=1C1=CC=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C4=CC=C3C1=C42 CLYVDMAATCIVBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000301 poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001197 polyacetylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000767 polyaniline Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000128 polypyrrole Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-O pyridinium Chemical compound C1=CC=[NH+]C=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 2
- 235000008160 pyridoxine Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011677 pyridoxine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004060 quinone imines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- IFLREYGFSNHWGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetracene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC4=CC=CC=C4C=C3C=C21 IFLREYGFSNHWGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229930192474 thiophene Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000005259 triarylamine group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007738 vacuum evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 229940011671 vitamin b6 Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- YVTHLONGBIQYBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc indium(3+) oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O--].[Zn++].[In+3] YVTHLONGBIQYBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RRKODOZNUZCUBN-CCAGOZQPSA-N (1z,3z)-cycloocta-1,3-diene Chemical compound C1CC\C=C/C=C\C1 RRKODOZNUZCUBN-CCAGOZQPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JRFGJQVSDCDWOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-benzothiadiazole;thiophene Chemical class C=1C=CSC=1.C1=CC=C2SN=NC2=C1 JRFGJQVSDCDWOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JYEUMXHLPRZUAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-triazine Chemical compound C1=CN=NN=C1 JYEUMXHLPRZUAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RELMFMZEBKVZJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-trichlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC(Cl)=C1Cl RELMFMZEBKVZJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DIIIISSCIXVANO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine Chemical compound CNNC DIIIISSCIXVANO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CSNIZNHTOVFARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-benzothiazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=NSC2=C1 CSNIZNHTOVFARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KTZQTRPPVKQPFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-benzoxazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=NOC2=C1 KTZQTRPPVKQPFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZNVZNEACQAUNGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-diphenylnaphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZNVZNEACQAUNGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CYSGHNMQYZDMIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Dimethyl-2-imidazolidinon Chemical compound CN1CCN(C)C1=O CYSGHNMQYZDMIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Diphenylbenzene Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BCMCBBGGLRIHSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-benzoxazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2OC=NC2=C1 BCMCBBGGLRIHSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GWYPDXLJACEENP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-cycloheptadiene Chemical compound C1CC=CC=CC1 GWYPDXLJACEENP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ODIRBFFBCSTPTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-selenazole Chemical compound C1=C[se]C=N1 ODIRBFFBCSTPTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004973 1-butenyl group Chemical group C(=CCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004972 1-butynyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C#C* 0.000 description 1
- BVACUJQPTVTTDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-phenylindolo[3,2-c]carbazole Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C(C1=C23)=CC=CC1=NC2=CC=C1C3=NC2=CC=CC=C21 BVACUJQPTVTTDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IYDMICQAKLQHLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-phenylnaphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C12 IYDMICQAKLQHLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000006017 1-propenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000530 1-propynyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C#C* 0.000 description 1
- WJFKNYWRSNBZNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10H-phenothiazine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC3=CC=CC=C3SC2=C1 WJFKNYWRSNBZNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HYZJCKYKOHLVJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1H-benzimidazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC=NC2=C1 HYZJCKYKOHLVJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SVUOLADPCWQTTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1h-1,2-benzodiazepine Chemical compound N1N=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C12 SVUOLADPCWQTTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UXGVMFHEKMGWMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-benzofuran Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=COC=C21 UXGVMFHEKMGWMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004974 2-butenyl group Chemical group C(C=CC)* 0.000 description 1
- WWKKTHALZAYYAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-iodobenzaldehyde Chemical compound IC1=CC=CC=C1C=O WWKKTHALZAYYAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NSMJMUQZRGZMQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-naphthalen-1-yl-1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline Chemical compound C12=CC=CN=C2C2=NC=CC=C2C2=C1NC(C=1C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC=1)=N2 NSMJMUQZRGZMQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001494 2-propynyl group Chemical group [H]C#CC([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- VHMICKWLTGFITH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2H-isoindole Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CNC=C21 VHMICKWLTGFITH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HDBQZGJWHMCXIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,7-dihydropurine-2-thione Chemical compound SC1=NC=C2NC=NC2=N1 HDBQZGJWHMCXIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004975 3-butenyl group Chemical group C(CC=C)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000474 3-butynyl group Chemical group [H]C#CC([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- VXWVFZFZYXOBTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-bromo-1h-indole Chemical compound BrC1=CC=C2NC=CC2=C1 VXWVFZFZYXOBTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QXYHKUJFIUZARP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7h-indolo[3,2-c]acridine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N=C3C4=NC5=CC=CC=C5CC4=CC=C3C2=C1 QXYHKUJFIUZARP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VFUDMQLBKNMONU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-[4-(4-carbazol-9-ylphenyl)phenyl]carbazole Chemical group C12=CC=CC=C2C2=CC=CC=C2N1C1=CC=C(C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N2C3=CC=CC=C3C3=CC=CC=C32)C=C1 VFUDMQLBKNMONU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JBRZTFJDHDCESZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N AsGa Chemical compound [As]#[Ga] JBRZTFJDHDCESZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XWVKWXPXCWJETO-UHFFFAOYSA-N C1=CC=C2C3=CC4=CC=CC=C4C=C3C=CC2=C1.C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C3=CC=CC4=CC=C1C2=C34 Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC4=CC=CC=C4C=C3C=CC2=C1.C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C3=CC=CC4=CC=C1C2=C34 XWVKWXPXCWJETO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XTAHYROJKCXMOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydroaceanthrylene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(CCC3=CC=C4)=C3C4=CC2=C1 XTAHYROJKCXMOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JEPXJYKYHMEESP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dodecyl butyrate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCC JEPXJYKYHMEESP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002601 GaN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910005540 GaP Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001218 Gallium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JMASRVWKEDWRBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium nitride Chemical compound [Ga]#N JMASRVWKEDWRBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JGFBQFKZKSSODQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isothiocyanatocyclopropane Chemical compound S=C=NC1CC1 JGFBQFKZKSSODQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930192627 Naphthoquinone Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004696 Poly ether ether ketone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004697 Polyetherimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000265 Polyparaphenylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- WTKZEGDFNFYCGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrazole Chemical compound C=1C=NNC=1 WTKZEGDFNFYCGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CZPWVGJYEJSRLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrimidine Chemical compound C1=CN=CN=C1 CZPWVGJYEJSRLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000002597 Solanum melongena Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000061458 Solanum melongena Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920004933 Terylene® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XBDYBAVJXHJMNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydroanthracene Natural products C1=CC=C2C=C(CCCC3)C3=CC2=C1 XBDYBAVJXHJMNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FZWLAAWBMGSTSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiazole Chemical compound C1=CSC=N1 FZWLAAWBMGSTSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SLGBZMMZGDRARJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triphenylene Natural products C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 SLGBZMMZGDRARJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGEZNRSVGBDHLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [1,10]phenanthroline Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C3=NC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 DGEZNRSVGBDHLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MCEWYIDBDVPMES-UHFFFAOYSA-N [60]pcbm Chemical compound C123C(C4=C5C6=C7C8=C9C%10=C%11C%12=C%13C%14=C%15C%16=C%17C%18=C(C=%19C=%20C%18=C%18C%16=C%13C%13=C%11C9=C9C7=C(C=%20C9=C%13%18)C(C7=%19)=C96)C6=C%11C%17=C%15C%13=C%15C%14=C%12C%12=C%10C%10=C85)=C9C7=C6C2=C%11C%13=C2C%15=C%12C%10=C4C23C1(CCCC(=O)OC)C1=CC=CC=C1 MCEWYIDBDVPMES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SQFPKRNUGBRTAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N acephenanthrylene Chemical group C1=CC(C=C2)=C3C2=CC2=CC=CC=C2C3=C1 SQFPKRNUGBRTAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AMUALPMSDNECPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N acridine;anthracene-9,10-dione Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3N=C21.C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3C(=O)C2=C1 AMUALPMSDNECPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005194 alkoxycarbonyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003282 alkyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004390 alkyl sulfonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- BCZWPKDRLPGFFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N azanylidynecerium Chemical compound [Ce]#N BCZWPKDRLPGFFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium titanate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[Ba+2].[O-][Ti]([O-])([O-])[O-] JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002113 barium titanate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- RFRXIWQYSOIBDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzarone Chemical compound CCC=1OC2=CC=CC=C2C=1C(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 RFRXIWQYSOIBDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FFLJZFAEPPHUCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene;thiophene Chemical compound C=1C=CSC=1.C1=CC=CC=C1 FFLJZFAEPPHUCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YEELFSTYCPPLQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzo[lmn]phenanthridine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N=CC3=CC=CC4=CC=C1C2=C43 YEELFSTYCPPLQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940049706 benzodiazepine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000004369 butenyl group Chemical group C(=CCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000480 butynyl group Chemical group [*]C#CC([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- PWLNAUNEAKQYLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyric acid octyl ester Natural products CCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCC PWLNAUNEAKQYLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005708 carbonyloxy group Chemical group [*:2]OC([*:1])=O 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ceric oxide Chemical compound O=[Ce]=O CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000422 cerium(IV) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004440 column chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- LBJNMUFDOHXDFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Cu].[Cu] LBJNMUFDOHXDFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VXRUJZQPKRBJKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N corannulene Chemical compound C1=CC(C2=C34)=CC=C3C=CC3=C4C4=C2C1=CC=C4C=C3 VXRUJZQPKRBJKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- HQFQTTNMBUPQAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclobutylhydrazine Chemical compound NNC1CCC1 HQFQTTNMBUPQAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000596 cyclohexenyl group Chemical group C1(=CCCCC1)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000058 cyclopentadienyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC1)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002433 cyclopentenyl group Chemical group C1(=CCCC1)* 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940113088 dimethylacetamide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- QFWWKJJQZCWKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N dithiazine Chemical compound S1SN=CC=C1 QFWWKJJQZCWKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005401 electroluminescence Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002573 ethenylidene group Chemical group [*]=C=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000003754 ethoxycarbonyl group Chemical group C(=O)(OCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 229920000840 ethylene tetrafluoroethylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000434 field desorption mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002457 flexible plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- RMBPEFMHABBEKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluorene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=C[CH]C=CC3=CC2=C1 RMBPEFMHABBEKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003472 fullerene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BBZGENAFADIERZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N fulminene Natural products C1=CC2=C3C=CC4=CC=CC=C4C3=CC=C2C2=C1C1=CC=CC=C1C=C2 BBZGENAFADIERZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JKFAIQOWCVVSKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N furazan Chemical compound C=1C=NON=1 JKFAIQOWCVVSKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HZXMRANICFIONG-UHFFFAOYSA-N gallium phosphide Chemical compound [Ga]#P HZXMRANICFIONG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- UOYPNWSDSPYOSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexahelicene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=C(C=3C(=CC=C4C=CC=5C(C=34)=CC=CC=5)C=C3)C3=CC=C21 UOYPNWSDSPYOSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PKIFBGYEEVFWTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexaphene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C3C4=CC5=CC6=CC=CC=C6C=C5C=C4C=CC3=CC2=C1 PKIFBGYEEVFWTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- ATBKVKDEMSGMTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrazine triphenylphosphane Chemical compound NN.C1(=CC=CC=C1)P(C1=CC=CC=C1)C1=CC=CC=C1 ATBKVKDEMSGMTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XEMZLVDIUVCKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen peroxide;sulfuric acid Chemical compound OO.OS(O)(=O)=O XEMZLVDIUVCKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- PZOUSPYUWWUPPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N indole Natural products CC1=CC=CC2=C1C=CN2 PZOUSPYUWWUPPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RKJUIXBNRJVNHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N indolenine Natural products C1=CC=C2CC=NC2=C1 RKJUIXBNRJVNHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VVVPGLRKXQSQSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N indolo[3,2-c]carbazole Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=NC3=C4C5=CC=CC=C5N=C4C=CC3=C21 VVVPGLRKXQSQSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960005544 indolocarbazole Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001972 isopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000555 isopropenyl group Chemical group [H]\C([H])=C(\*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- ZLTPDFXIESTBQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N isothiazole Chemical compound C=1C=NSC=1 ZLTPDFXIESTBQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010977 jade Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001459 lithography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001512 metal fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- YXBZNMSPFZDRFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M methanol;tetrabutylazanium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].OC.CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC YXBZNMSPFZDRFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000001160 methoxycarbonyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- NFFIWVVINABMKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylidynetantalum Chemical compound [Ta]#C NFFIWVVINABMKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- QQZOPKMRPOGIEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butyl methyl ketone Natural products CCCCC(C)=O QQZOPKMRPOGIEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940094933 n-dodecane Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000001280 n-hexyl group Chemical group C(CCCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- OLAPPGSPBNVTRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1,4,5,8-tetracarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1=CC(C(O)=O)=C2C(C(=O)O)=CC=C(C(O)=O)C2=C1C(O)=O OLAPPGSPBNVTRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002791 naphthoquinones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001971 neopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002828 nitro derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- LYGJENNIWJXYER-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitromethane Chemical compound C[N+]([O-])=O LYGJENNIWJXYER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- NIHNNTQXNPWCJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-biphenylenemethane Natural products C1=CC=C2CC3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 NIHNNTQXNPWCJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- WCPAKWJPBJAGKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxadiazole Chemical compound C1=CON=N1 WCPAKWJPBJAGKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002923 oximes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000005582 pentacene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- JQQSUOJIMKJQHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaphene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C3C4=CC5=CC=CC=C5C=C4C=CC3=CC2=C1 JQQSUOJIMKJQHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002080 perylenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=C2C=CC=C3C4=CC=CC5=CC=CC(C1=C23)=C45)* 0.000 description 1
- CSHWQDPOILHKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N peryrene Natural products C1=CC(C2=CC=CC=3C2=C2C=CC=3)=C3C2=CC=CC3=C1 CSHWQDPOILHKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XDJOIMJURHQYDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenalene Chemical compound C1=CC(CC=C2)=C3C2=CC=CC3=C1 XDJOIMJURHQYDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000005041 phenanthrolines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229950000688 phenothiazine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000000206 photolithography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001007 phthalocyanine dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- INAAIJLSXJJHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N pibenzimol Chemical compound C1CN(C)CCN1C1=CC=C(N=C(N2)C=3C=C4NC(=NC4=CC=3)C=3C=CC(O)=CC=3)C2=C1 INAAIJLSXJJHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DIJNSQQKNIVDPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N pleiadene Chemical compound C1=C2[CH]C=CC=C2C=C2C=CC=C3[C]2C1=CC=C3 DIJNSQQKNIVDPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002798 polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002493 poly(chlorotrifluoroethylene) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000172 poly(styrenesulfonic acid) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005023 polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE) polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002530 polyetherether ketone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001601 polyetherimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005596 polymer binder Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002491 polymer binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000193 polymethacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940005642 polystyrene sulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002568 propynyl group Chemical group [*]C#CC([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- CPNGPNLZQNNVQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N pteridine Chemical compound N1=CN=CC2=NC=CN=C21 CPNGPNLZQNNVQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XZXIBQVLWYWBKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrido[2,3-b][1,8]naphthyridine Chemical compound N1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CN=C3N=C21 XZXIBQVLWYWBKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- JWVCLYRUEFBMGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinazoline Chemical compound N1=CN=CC2=CC=CC=C21 JWVCLYRUEFBMGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007363 ring formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- FMKFBRKHHLWKDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N rubicene Chemical compound C12=CC=CC=C2C2=CC=CC3=C2C1=C1C=CC=C2C4=CC=CC=C4C3=C21 FMKFBRKHHLWKDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001925 ruthenium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WOCIAKWEIIZHES-UHFFFAOYSA-N ruthenium(iv) oxide Chemical compound O=[Ru]=O WOCIAKWEIIZHES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052594 sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010980 sapphire Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003980 solgel method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940042055 systemic antimycotics triazole derivative Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910003468 tantalcarbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MZLGASXMSKOWSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum nitride Chemical compound [Ta]#N MZLGASXMSKOWSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GVIJJXMXTUZIOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N thianthrene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC3=CC=CC=C3SC2=C1 GVIJJXMXTUZIOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YRHRIQCWCFGUEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N thioxanthen-9-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3SC2=C1 YRHRIQCWCFGUEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002366 time-of-flight method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003852 triazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PGXOVVAJURGPLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trinaphthylene Chemical group C1=CC=C2C=C3C4=CC5=CC=CC=C5C=C4C4=CC5=CC=CC=C5C=C4C3=CC2=C1 PGXOVVAJURGPLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005580 triphenylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- YGPLLMPPZRUGTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N truxene Chemical compound C1C2=CC=CC=C2C(C2=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C2)=C1C1=C3CC2=CC=CC=C21 YGPLLMPPZRUGTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UXUXNGMSDNTZEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N zethrene Chemical compound C1=CC(C=2C(C=3C=CC=C4C=CC=C(C=2)C4=3)=C2)=C3C2=CC=CC3=C1 UXUXNGMSDNTZEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D487/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00
- C07D487/22—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00 in which the condensed system contains four or more hetero rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D519/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing more than one system of two or more relevant hetero rings condensed among themselves or condensed with a common carbocyclic ring system not provided for in groups C07D453/00 or C07D455/00
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
- C09K11/06—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing organic luminescent materials
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B33/00—Electroluminescent light sources
- H05B33/10—Apparatus or processes specially adapted to the manufacture of electroluminescent light sources
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/60—Organic compounds having low molecular weight
- H10K85/615—Polycyclic condensed aromatic hydrocarbons, e.g. anthracene
- H10K85/626—Polycyclic condensed aromatic hydrocarbons, e.g. anthracene containing more than one polycyclic condensed aromatic rings, e.g. bis-anthracene
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/60—Organic compounds having low molecular weight
- H10K85/649—Aromatic compounds comprising a hetero atom
- H10K85/654—Aromatic compounds comprising a hetero atom comprising only nitrogen as heteroatom
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/60—Organic compounds having low molecular weight
- H10K85/649—Aromatic compounds comprising a hetero atom
- H10K85/655—Aromatic compounds comprising a hetero atom comprising only sulfur as heteroatom
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/60—Organic compounds having low molecular weight
- H10K85/649—Aromatic compounds comprising a hetero atom
- H10K85/657—Polycyclic condensed heteroaromatic hydrocarbons
- H10K85/6572—Polycyclic condensed heteroaromatic hydrocarbons comprising only nitrogen in the heteroaromatic polycondensed ring system, e.g. phenanthroline or carbazole
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/60—Organic compounds having low molecular weight
- H10K85/649—Aromatic compounds comprising a hetero atom
- H10K85/657—Polycyclic condensed heteroaromatic hydrocarbons
- H10K85/6576—Polycyclic condensed heteroaromatic hydrocarbons comprising only sulfur in the heteroaromatic polycondensed ring system, e.g. benzothiophene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2211/00—Chemical nature of organic luminescent or tenebrescent compounds
- C09K2211/10—Non-macromolecular compounds
- C09K2211/1003—Carbocyclic compounds
- C09K2211/1007—Non-condensed systems
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2211/00—Chemical nature of organic luminescent or tenebrescent compounds
- C09K2211/10—Non-macromolecular compounds
- C09K2211/1003—Carbocyclic compounds
- C09K2211/1011—Condensed systems
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2211/00—Chemical nature of organic luminescent or tenebrescent compounds
- C09K2211/10—Non-macromolecular compounds
- C09K2211/1018—Heterocyclic compounds
- C09K2211/1025—Heterocyclic compounds characterised by ligands
- C09K2211/1029—Heterocyclic compounds characterised by ligands containing one nitrogen atom as the heteroatom
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2211/00—Chemical nature of organic luminescent or tenebrescent compounds
- C09K2211/10—Non-macromolecular compounds
- C09K2211/1018—Heterocyclic compounds
- C09K2211/1025—Heterocyclic compounds characterised by ligands
- C09K2211/1092—Heterocyclic compounds characterised by ligands containing sulfur as the only heteroatom
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K10/00—Organic devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching; Organic capacitors or resistors having potential barriers
- H10K10/40—Organic transistors
- H10K10/46—Field-effect transistors, e.g. organic thin-film transistors [OTFT]
- H10K10/462—Insulated gate field-effect transistors [IGFETs]
- H10K10/464—Lateral top-gate IGFETs comprising only a single gate
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K10/00—Organic devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching; Organic capacitors or resistors having potential barriers
- H10K10/40—Organic transistors
- H10K10/46—Field-effect transistors, e.g. organic thin-film transistors [OTFT]
- H10K10/462—Insulated gate field-effect transistors [IGFETs]
- H10K10/466—Lateral bottom-gate IGFETs comprising only a single gate
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/549—Organic PV cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Thin Film Transistor (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
- Nitrogen Condensed Heterocyclic Rings (AREA)
Description
本發明係有關一種新穎的含氮芳香族化合物及含有該物之有機半導體材料、使用該有機半導體材料所得的有機半導體膜、及有機薄膜電晶體等之有機電子裝置。
一般而言,使用無機半導體材料之矽的半導體裝置,於形成其薄膜時必須具備高溫製程與高真空製程。由於必須具有高溫製程,故無法使矽在塑膠基板上等予以薄膜形成,對組裝半導體元件之製品而言不易賦予可撓性或進行輕量化。而且,由於必須具有高真空製程,故不易使組裝半導體元件之製品大面積化與低成本化。
因此,近年來進行研究有關利用有機半導體材料作為有機電子構件之有機電子裝置(例如有機電致發光(有機EL)元件、有機薄膜電晶體元件或有機薄膜光電變換元件等)。此等之有機半導體材料與無機半導體材料相比時,由於可顯著減低製作製程溫度,故可形成於塑膠基板上等。另外,藉由使用對溶劑之溶解性大且具有良好成膜性之有機半導體材料,可使用不需真空製程之塗佈法(例如噴墨裝置等予以薄膜成形),結果可期待使用無機半導體材料之矽的半導體元件不易實現的大面積化與低成本化。因此,有機半導體材料與無機半導體材料相比時,由於具有大面化、可撓性、輕量化、低成本化等之優點,故可期
待應用於產生此等特性之有機半導體製品,例如應用於資訊標籤、電子人工皮膚片或薄片型掃描器等之大面積感應器、液晶裝置、電子紙及有機EL面板等之裝置等。
因此,企求廣泛用途之有機電子裝置使用的有機半導體材料,要求具有高的電荷移動度。例如,有機薄膜電晶體由於會直接影響開關速度或驅動裝置之性能,為予以實用化時會有提高電荷移動度之必要課題。此外,如前述為可藉由塗佈法作成有機半導體元件時,企求溶劑可溶性、氧化安定性、良好的製膜性。
特別是例如以電荷移動度大作為對有機半導體之要求特性。就該點而言,近年來有報告對應於非晶形矽之具有電荷輸送性的有機半導體材料。例如,使用將5個苯環縮合成直線之烴系并苯(acene)型多環芳香族分子的并五苯作為有機半導體材料之有機電場效果型電晶體(OFET),報告有非晶質矽並列的電荷移動度(非專利文獻1)。另外,亦提案有以沒有使用真空蒸鍍法的方式,在三氯苯之稀薄溶液中形成并五苯結晶的方法,惟製造方法困難而無法達成製得安定的元件(專利文獻1)。如并五苯之烴系并苯型多環芳香族分子,例如會有氧化安定性低的問題。
另外,縮合有噻吩環之并五噻吩與并五苯相比時,雖可提高耐氧化性,惟載體移動度低及其合成時必須具有很多步驟(非專利文獻2),故於實用上不為良好的材料。
藉由將有機半導體材料層合成薄膜狀所構成的有機薄
膜太陽能電池,於開發初期時進行研究使用份菁色素等作為有機半導體材料之單層膜,惟發現藉由具有輸送電洞之p型有機半導體層與輸送電子之n型有機半導體層的多層膜,可提高自光輸入至電輸出的變換效率(光電變換效率)後,變成以多層膜為主流。於開始進行檢討多層膜時所使用的有機半導體材料,係以銅酞菁(CuPc)作為p型有機半導體材料層,以苝醯亞胺類(PTCBI)作為n型有機半導體材料層。另外,使用高分子之有機薄膜太陽能電池,係主要進行研究藉由使用導電性高分子作為p型有機半導體材料,使用富勒體(fullerene)(C60)作為n型有機半導體材料,混合此等且進行熱處理,可誘發微層分離以增加雜界面,且提高光電變換效率(即大體積雜構造)。此處所使用的材料系,主要使用聚-3-己基噻吩(P3HT)作為p型有機半導體材料,使用C60衍生物(PCBM)作為n型有機半導體材料。
如此有機薄膜太陽能電池,於初期時各層之材料沒有很多進展,依然使用酞菁衍生物、苝醯亞胺衍生物、C60衍生物,惟有機薄膜太陽能電池中最重要特性的光電變換效率仍不充分。為提高光電變換效率時,要求具有高電荷移動度之有機半導體材料。而且,與上述之有機電晶體相同地,為可藉由塗佈法作成半導體元件時,要求溶劑可溶性、氧化安定性、良好的製膜性。
因此,盡量提高光電變換效率,熱切期待開發新穎材料以取代此等習知的材料。例如於專利文獻2中揭示,使
用具有1,2-苯并二氫苊(fluoranthene)骨架之化合物的有機薄膜太陽能電池,惟無法賦予令人滿足的光電變換效率。
[專利文獻1]WO2003/016599號公報
[專利文獻2]日本特開2009-290091號公報
[非專利文獻1]Journal of Applied Physics, 92, 5259 (2002)
[非專利文獻2]Journal of American Chemical Society, Vol. 127, 13281 (2005)
本發明係以提供可解決上述習知技術具有的問題之可作為有機半導體材料使用的新穎含氮芳香族化合物、含該物之有機半導體材料及使用有機半導體材料而得的有機電子裝置。
本發明人等經過再三檢討研究的結果,發現具有高電荷移動性、氧化安定性、溶劑可溶性之新穎有機半導體材料,且發現藉由將該物使用於有機半導體元件,可製得高特性之有機電子元件裝置,遂而完成本發明。
本發明係有關一種以下述一般式(1)表示的含氮芳香族雜環化合物。
於式(1)中,R係各獨立地表示氫、碳數1~30之脂肪族烴基、碳數3~50之芳香族基、碳數4~60之芳香族取代烷基、碳數5~60之芳香族取代烯基或碳數5~60之芳香族取代炔基,R中至少1個表示碳數3~50之芳香族基、碳數4~60之芳香族取代烷基、碳數5~60之芳香族取代烯基或碳數5~60之芳香族取代炔基;n係表示0~4之整數。n係表示1~4之整數。
以一般式(1)表示之化合物,係以下述一般式(2)表示的化合物。
式(2)中,R係與一般式(1)之R同義。
而且,本發明之另一形態為以下述一般式(3)表示的含氮芳香族雜環化合物。
式中,X係表示鹵素原子、羥基、硼酸、硼酸酯或磺醯基。
此外,本發明之另一形態係以上述一般式(1)表示的含氮芳香族雜環化合物之製造方法,其特徵為使以上述一般式(3)與以下述一般式(4)表示的化合物反應。
【化4】R-Y (4)
式(4)中,R係與一般式(1)之R同義,Y係與X反應而脫離的官能基。
另外,本發明之另一形態係有機半導體材料,其特徵為含有以前述一般式(1)表示的化合物。
此外,本發明之另一形態係有機半導體膜,其特徵為含有上述之有機半導體材料。而且,本發明之另一形態係有機半導體膜,其特徵為將上述之有機半導體材料溶解於
有機溶劑中,並將所調製的溶液經由塗佈.乾燥步驟而形成。
另外,本發明之另一形態係有機電子裝置,其特徵為使用上述之有機半導體材料。上述之有機電子裝置係以發光元件、有機薄膜電晶體、或光伏元件中之任一種較佳,以有機薄膜電晶體更佳。
本發明之含氮芳香族雜環化合物,係以一般式(1)表示。
於一般式(1)中,R係各獨立地表示氫、碳數1~30之脂肪族烴基、碳數3~50之芳香族基、碳數4~60之芳香族取代烷基、碳數5~60之芳香族取代烯基或碳數5~60之芳香族取代炔基,R中至少1個表示碳數3~50之芳香族基、碳數4~60之芳香族取代烷基、碳數5~60之芳香族取代烯基或碳數5~60之芳香族取代炔基。此等之基可進一步具有取代基,具有1個以上之取代基時,碳數之計算包含此等取代基之碳數。此處,芳香族基係指芳香族烴基及芳香族雜環基,芳香族基可為芳香族烴基,亦可為芳香族雜環基。
於下述中,說明有關R為碳數1~30之脂肪族烴基、碳數3~50之芳香族基、碳數4~60之芳香族取代烷基、碳數5~60之芳香族取代烯基或碳數5~60之芳香族取代炔基時的此等基。
脂肪族烴基以碳數1~16之烷基較佳,具體例如甲基、乙基、正丙基、異丙基、正丁基、正戊基、正己基、正辛基、正十二烷基、正十四烷基、正十八烷基,正二十烷基,正二十四烷基之直鏈飽和烴基,異丁基、異戊基、2-乙基己基、2-己基辛基、4-癸基十二烷基等之支鏈飽和烴基、烷基、環戊基、環己基、環辛基、4-丁基環己基、4-十二烷基環己基等之飽和脂環烴基、環戊烯基、環戊二烯基、環己烯基等之不飽和脂環烴基。
烯基以碳數2~10之烯基較佳,具體例如乙烯基、烯丙基、丁烯基等。
炔基以碳數2~10之炔基較佳,具體例如乙炔基、丙炔基、丁炔基等。
芳香族基以碳數3~36之芳香族基較佳,具體例如苯、并環戊二烯、茚、萘、薁、并環庚二烯、并環辛二烯、茚烯、苊烯、迫苯并萘(Phenalene)、菲、蒽、三苯(triphene)、熒蒽、醋菲烯(acephenanthrylene)、醋蒽(aceanthrene)、聯三伸苯(triphenylene)、芘、屈、苯并蒽(tetraphene)、稠四苯(tetracene)、七曜烯(pleiadene)、苉、苝、戊芬(pentaphene)、并五苯、聯四伸苯、螺烯(helicene)、己芬(hexaphene)、玉紅省(rubicene)、暈苯(coronene)、聯三萘(trinaphthylene)、萘并五苯、吡蒽、卵苯、心環烯(corannulene)、雷烯(Fulminene)、二苯并芘(anthanthrene)、雙苯[de,mn]稠四苯(zethrene)、聚酯
纖維(terylene)、萘并萘、參茚并苯(truxene)、呋喃、苯并呋喃、異苯并呋喃、咕噸、噁蒽(oxathrene)、二苯并呋喃、過咕噸并咕噸、噻吩、噻吩并噻吩、二噻吩并噻吩、噻噸酮、噻蒽(thianthrene)、吩噁嗪、硫茚、異硫茚、噻吩并噻吩、噻吩苯、二苯并噻吩、吡咯、吡唑、碲唑、硒唑、噻唑、異噻唑、噁唑、呋咱、吡啶、吡嗪、嘧啶、噠嗪、三嗪、吲哚嗪、吲哚、異吲哚、吲唑、卜啉、喹啉嗪、異喹啉、咔唑、咪唑、萘錠、酞嗪、喹唑啉、苯并二吖呯、喹喔啉、噌啉、喹啉、蝶啶、菲啶、吖啶、咟啶、菲繞啉、吩嗪、咔啉、吩碲嗪、吩硒嗪、吩噻嗪、菲嗪(phenoxazine)、蒽嗪(anthyridine)、蒂奔嗪(thebenidine)、喹叨啉、喹哚啉(quinindolin)、吖哚啉(acrindoline)、酞吡啉、三吩二噻嗪、三吩二噁嗪、菲嗪、蒽嗪、苯并噻唑、苯并咪唑、苯并噁唑、苯并異噁唑、苯并異噻唑、吲哚并咔唑或自鍵結有複數個此等芳香環之芳香族化合物除去氫而生成的基等。更佳者為苯、萘、菲、蒽、屈、呋喃、噻吩、噻吩并噻吩、二噻吩并噻吩、吡咯、咔唑、吲哚并咔唑或自鍵結有複數個此等芳香環之芳香族除去氫而生成的基。而且,由鍵結有複數個芳香環的芳香族化合物而生成的基時,鍵結數以2~10較佳,更佳者為2~7,鍵結的芳香環可相同或不相同。
具有縮合環時,以縮合有2~5個環之縮合環較佳。
此處,鍵結有複數個芳香環而生成的基,例如以下述式表示。
此處,Ar1~Ar6係表示經取代或為經取代的芳香環。惟此時亦可以支鏈鍵結的芳香族基作為取代基。
上述鍵結有複數個芳香環而生成的基之具體例,如自聯苯、聯三苯、雙吡啶基、雙嘧啶基、苯萘、二苯萘、苯菲、吡啶苯、吡啶菲、聯二噻吩、聯三噻吩、聯-二噻吩并噻吩、苯基吲哚并咔唑等除去氫而生成的基。
芳香族取代烷基以碳數4~44之芳香族取代烷基較佳,芳香族取代烯基以碳數5~44之芳香族取代烯基較佳,芳香族取代炔基以碳數5~44之芳香族取代炔基較佳。此等芳香族取代之基係解釋為取代前述烷基、前述烯基、前述炔基之基。
上述烷基或芳香族基、芳香族取代烷基、芳香族取代烯基或芳香族取代炔基,亦可具有取代基,取代基在不會損害半導體材料之性能的範圍內,沒有特別的限制,取代基之總數為1~4,較佳者為1~2。而且,由鍵結有複數
個芳香環之芳香族化合物所生成的基,亦相同地可具有取代基。此等較佳的取代基,例如碳數1~20之烷基、碳數1~20之烷氧基、碳數1~20之烷硫基、碳數2~10之烯基、碳數2~10之炔基、碳數5~60之芳香族取代烯基、碳數5~60之芳香族取代炔基、碳數2~10之烷氧基羰基、碳數2~10之烷氧基羰氧基、碳數1~10之烷基磺醯基、碳數1~10之鹵化烷基、碳數2~10之烷基醯胺基、碳數3~20之三烷基甲矽烷基、碳數4~20之三烷基甲矽烷基烷基、碳數5~20之三烷基甲矽烷基烯基、碳數5~20之三烷基甲矽烷基炔基、碳數5~20之三烷基甲矽烷基乙炔基等。更佳者為碳數1~12之烷基、碳數1~12之烷氧基、碳數1~12之烷硫基、碳數2~8之烯基、碳數2~8之炔基、碳數2~8之烷氧基羰基、碳數2~8之烷氧基羰氧基,具體例如甲基、乙基、正丙基、異丙基、正丁基、正戊基、正己基、正辛基、正十二烷基、正十四烷基、正十八烷基、正二十烷基、正二十四烷基之直鏈飽和烴基;異丁基、新戊基、2-乙基己基、2-己基辛基、4-癸基十二烷基等之支鏈飽和烴基;環戊基、環己基、環辛基、4-丁基環己基、4-十二烷基環己基等之飽和脂環烴基;甲氧基、乙氧基、正丙氧基、異丙氧基、正己氧基、甲硫基、乙硫基、乙烯基、1-丙烯基、2-丙烯基、異丙烯基、1-丁烯基、2-丁烯基、3-丁烯基、乙炔基、1-丙炔基、2-丙炔基、1-丁炔基、2-丁炔基、3-丁炔基、甲氧基羰基、乙氧基羰基、甲氧基羰氧基、乙氧基羰氧基等。具
有2個以上之取代基時,可相同或不相同。
於一般式(1)中,n係表示1~4之整數。而且,R中至少1個選自碳數3~50之芳香族基、碳數4~60之芳香族取代烷基、碳數5~60之芳香族取代烯基或碳數5~60之芳香族取代炔基中之基。R存在有4n個,其中除H以外之基以1~4的範圍較佳。
以一般式(1)表示的化合物中,例如亦以一般式(2)表示的化合物較佳。於一般式(2)中,R具有與一般式(1)之R相同的意義。於一般式(2)中,R存在有8個時,其中除H以外之基以1~4個較佳。
以上述一般式(3)表示的含氮芳香族雜環化合物,係作為以一般式(1)表示的化合物中間體為有用。於一般式(3)中,X係表示鹵素原子、羥基、硼酸、硼酸酯或磺醯基。該以一般式(3)表示的含氮芳香族雜環化合物亦為新穎化合物。
藉由使以上述一般式(3)表示的含氮芳香族雜環化合物與以上述一般式(4)表示的化合物反應,可製造以上述一般式(1)表示的含氮芳香族雜環化合物。
於式(4)中,R係與一般式(1)中之R同義,Y係與X反應而脫離的官能基。
本發明以一般式(1)表示的化合物,例如參考New Journal of Chemistry,34(7),1243-1246(2010)所示之合成例,藉由下述之反應式(A)、(B)、(C)予以合成。以一般式(3)表示的化合物,可作為其中間體而
得。
換言之,藉由使用具有企求的取代基之吲哚及2-氯苯甲醛作為原料,進行如反應式(A)、(B)或(C)之環化反應與取代反應,可製得企求的以一般式(1)表示的化合物。而且,使用2-溴苯甲醛或2-碘苯甲醛取代2-氯苯甲醛時亦相同。
以一般式(1)表示的化合物之具體例如下所述,惟本發明之化合物不受此等所限制。
本發明之有機半導體材料,係含有一般式(1)之化合物,惟以含有50wt%以上之該化合物較佳,更佳者為含有90wt%以上。亦以一般式(1)之化合物本身為有機半導體材料較佳。於有機半導體材料中,與一般式(1)之化合物同時含有的成分,只要是在不會損害作為有機半導體材料之性能的範圍內即可,沒有特別的限制,可由電荷輸送性化合物而成的有機半導體材料。
本發明之有機半導體膜,係由上述有機半導體材料所形成。優點係將上述有機半導體材料溶解於有機溶劑中,並將所調製的溶液經由塗佈.乾燥步驟而形成。該有機半導體膜作為有機電子裝置之有機半導體層係為有用。
然後,將具備由本發明之有機半導體材料所形成的有機半導體材料的有機電子裝置,以有機薄膜電晶體元件(OTFT元件)為例,依照第1圖~第4圖為基準進行說明。本發明之有機電子裝置,以具備有機半導體材料之有機半導體裝置較佳。
第1圖、第2圖、第3圖及第4圖係例示本發明之OTFT元件的實施形態者,皆表示OTFT元件之構造的模式截面圖。
第1圖表示的OTFT元件,係在基板1之表面上具備閘電極2,在閘電極2上形成絕緣膜層3,在絕緣膜層3上設置源電極5及洩電極6且形成有機半導體層4。
第2圖表示的OTFT元件,係在基板1之表面上具備閘電極2,在閘電極2上形成絕緣膜層3,且於其上形成有機半導體層4,在有機半導體層4上設置源電極5及洩電極6。
第3圖表示的OTFT元件,係在基板1之表面上設置源電極5及洩電極6,經由有機半導體層4、絕緣膜層3,在最表面上形成閘電極2。
第4圖表示的OTFT元件,本發明之有機半導體裝置係在基板1之表面上設置有機半導體層4、源電極5及洩電極6,經由絕緣膜層3,在最表面上形成閘電極2。
基板1所使用者例如玻璃、石英、氧化鋁、藍寶石、氮化矽、碳化矽等之陶瓷基板、矽、鍺、砷化鎵,磷化鎵,氮化鎵等半導體基板、聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯、聚對苯
二甲酸萘酯等之聚酯、聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚乙烯醇、乙烯乙烯醇共聚物、環狀聚烯烴、聚醯亞胺、聚醯胺、聚苯乙烯等之樹脂基板等。基板之厚度可約為10μm~約2mm,特別是可撓性塑膠基板例如可約為50~約100微米,剛直的基板(例如玻璃板或矽晶圓等)例如可約0.1~約2mm。
閘電極2係可由金屬薄膜、導電性聚合物膜、導電性油墨或糊料所製作的導電性膜等,或例如以大量摻雜的矽方式,可以基板作為閘電極。閘電極之材料例如鋁、銅、不銹鋼、金、鉻、n摻雜或p摻雜的矽、銦錫氧化物,導電性聚合物例如摻雜有聚苯乙烯磺酸之聚(3,4-乙烯二氧化噻吩)、含有碳黑/石墨之導電性油墨或糊料、或在聚合物黏合劑中分散有膠體狀銀者等。
閘電極2係可藉由使用真空蒸鍍法、金屬或導電性金屬氧化物之濺鍍法、導電性聚合物溶液或導電性油墨之旋轉塗佈法、噴墨法、噴霧法、塗佈法、鑄造法等予以作成。閘電極2之厚度,例如約10nm~10μm之範圍較佳。
一般而言,絕緣膜層3可為無機材料膜或有機聚合物膜。作為絕緣膜層3之適合的無機材料,例如氧化矽、氮化矽、氧化鋁、鈦酸鋇、鈦酸鋯鋇等。作為絕緣膜層3之適合的有機化合物,例如聚酯類、聚碳酸酯類、聚(乙烯基苯酚)、聚醯亞胺類、聚苯乙烯、聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯類、聚(丙烯酸酯)類、環氧樹脂等。而且,亦可使用於有機聚合物中分散無機材料作為絕緣膜層。絕緣膜層之厚
度,視使用的絕緣材料之介電率而不同,例如約10nm~10μm。
形成前述絕緣膜層之手段,例如真空蒸鍍法、CVD法、濺鍍法、雷射蒸鍍法等之乾式成膜法、或旋轉塗佈法、刀片塗佈法、篩網印刷、噴墨印刷、打印法等之濕式製膜法,可視材料而定使用。
源電極5及洩電極6係可由賦予下述之有機半導體層4而言具有低電阻歐姆性接觸的材料而作成。作為源電極5及洩電極6之較佳材料,可使用閘電極2中較佳材料中所例示者,例如金、鎳、鋁、鉑、導電性聚合物及導電性油墨等。源電極5及洩電極6之厚度,典型例如約40nm~約10μm,較佳的厚度約為10nm~1μm。
形成源電極5及洩電極6之手段,例如真空蒸鍍法、濺鍍法、塗佈法、熱轉印法、印刷法、溶膠凝膠法等。於製膜時或製膜後,視其所需以進行圖型化處理較佳。圖型化的方法,例如組合光蝕刻之圖型化與蝕刻之微影術等。而且,亦可利用噴墨印刷、篩網印刷、離線印刷之印刷法、微接觸印刷法等之微影術等、組合複數種此等手法之手法進行圖型化。
形成有機半導體層4之方法,例如真空蒸鍍法、CVD法、濺鍍法、雷射蒸鍍法等之乾式成膜法、或藉由在基板上塗佈溶液或分散液後,除去溶媒或分散媒而形成薄膜之濕式成膜法,以使用濕式成膜法較佳。濕式成膜法例如旋轉塗佈法、刀片塗佈法、篩網印刷、噴墨印刷,打印法
等。例如使用旋轉塗佈法時,藉由將本發明之有機半導體材料溶解於具有溶解度之適當溶媒中,調製濃度為0.01wt%~10wt%之溶液後,在形成於基板1之絕緣膜層3上滴下有機半導體材料溶液,且再以500~6000回轉進行回轉5~120秒予以進行。上述溶劑係視有機半導體材料具有對各溶劑之溶解度與製膜後之膜質予以選擇,例如可使用選自以水、甲醇為模式的醇類、甲苯為模式的芳香族烴類、己烷或環己烷等為模式的脂肪族烴類、硝基甲烷或硝基苯等之有機硝基化合物、四氫呋喃或二噁烷等之環狀醚化合物、乙腈或苯甲腈等之腈系化合物、丙酮或甲基乙酮等之酮類、醋酸乙酯等之酯類、二甲基亞碸、二甲基乙醯胺、環丁碸、N-甲基吡咯烷酮、二甲基咪唑烷酮等為模式的非質子性極性溶媒等之溶劑。而且,此等之溶劑亦可2種以上組合使用。
藉由上述方法,可作成使用本發明之有機半導體材料之有機電場效果電晶體元件。所得的有機電場效果電晶體元件,係有機半導體層形成通道區域,可藉由控制以施加於閘電極的電壓流通於源電極與洩電極間之電流,進行ON/OFF運作。
由本發明有機半導體材料所得的有機半導體裝置之另外適合形態的一例,如光伏元件。具體而言,係在基板上具有正極、有機半導體層及負極之光伏元件,前述有機半導體層為含有上述本發明之有機半導體材料的有機半導體裝置。
有關本發明光伏元件之構造,參照圖面且予以說明,惟本發明光伏元件之構造不受任何圖示者所限制。
第5圖係本發明使用的一般光伏元件之構造例的截面圖,7為基板、8為正極、9為有機半導體層、10為負極。而且,第6圖係表示層合有機半導體層時之構造例的截面圖,9-a為p型有機半導體層,9-b為n型有機半導體層。
基板沒有特別的限制,例如可為習知的構成。以使用具有機械、熱強度,且具有透明性之玻璃基板或透明性樹脂薄膜較佳。透明性樹脂薄膜例如聚乙烯、乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物、乙烯-乙烯醇共聚物、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚氯化乙烯、聚乙烯醇、聚乙烯基丁縮醛、耐龍、聚醚醚酮、聚碸、聚醚碸、四氟乙烯-全氟烷基乙烯醚共聚物、聚氟化乙烯基、四氟乙烯-乙烯共聚物、四氟乙烯-六氟丙烯共聚物、聚氯三氟乙烯、聚氟化次乙烯基、聚酯、聚碳酸酯、聚胺基甲酸酯、聚醯亞胺、聚醚醯亞胺、聚醯亞胺、聚丙烯等。
以在其一電極使用加工函數大的導電性原料,在另一電極使用加工函數小的導電性原料作為電極材料較佳。使用加工函數大的導電性原料之電極為正極。該加工函數大的導電性原料,除金、鉑、鉻、鎳等之金屬外,以使用具有透明性之銦、錫等之金屬氧化物、複合金屬氧化物(銦錫氧化物(ITO)、銦鋅氧化物(IZO)等)較佳。此處,正極中使用的導電性原料以與有機半導體層歐姆接合者較
佳。另外,使用下述之電洞輸送層時,以正極使用的導電性原料與電洞輸送層歐姆接合者較佳。
使用加工函數小的導電性原料之電極為負極,惟該加工函數小的導電性原料係使用鹼金屬或鹼土類金屬,具體而言使用鋰、鎂、鈣。而且,較佳者亦可使用錫或銀、鋁。另外,較佳者亦可使用由上述金屬所形成的合金或上述金屬之層合物所形成的電極。此外,藉由在負極與電子輸送層之界面上導入氟化鋰或氟化鈰等之金屬氟化物,亦可提高取出的電流。此處,負極所使用的導電性原料以與有機半導體層歐姆接合者較佳。另外,使用下述之電子輸送層時,以負極使用的導電性原料與電子輸送層歐姆接合者較佳。
-有機半導體層-
有機半導體層係含有本發明之化合物。換言之,使用含有以式(1)表示的化合物之本發明有機半導體材料而形成。本發明之有機半導體材料係使用p型有機半導體材料(以下稱為p型有機材料)、n型有機半導體材料(以下稱為n型有機材料)或兩者。使用2種以上以式(1)表示的化合物,其中之1種以上為p型有機材料成分,且另1種以上為n型有機材料成分。另外,亦可使p型有機材料或n型有機材料中之一方不含以式(1)表示的化合物之化合物。
有機半導體層係使用含有至少1種以式(1)表示的
化合物之有機半導體材料所形成。以式(1)表示的化合物,具有作為p型有機材料或n型有機材料之機能。
以混合p型有機材料與n型有機材料等之此等材料較佳,p型有機材料與n型有機材料以分子水平相溶,以相分離較佳。該相分離構造之域大小,沒有特別的限制,通常為1nm以上50nm以下之尺寸。而且,層合p型有機材料與n型有機材料時,以具有呈現p型半導體特性之p型有機材料的層為正極側,具有呈現n型半導體特性之n型有機材料的層為負極側較佳。有機半導體層以5nm~500nm之厚度較佳,更佳者為30nm~300nm。為層合時,具有本發明之p型有機材料的層,於上述厚度中以具有1nm~400nm之厚度較佳,更佳者為15nm~150nm。
p型有機材料於以式(1)表示的化合物內,可單獨使用呈現p型半導體特性者,亦可含有其他的p型有機材料。其他的p型有機材料,例如聚噻吩系聚合物、苯并噻二唑-噻吩系衍生物、苯并噻二唑-噻吩系共聚物、聚-p-伸苯基伸乙烯基系聚合物、聚-p-伸苯基系聚合物、聚芴系聚合物、聚吡咯系聚合物、聚苯胺系聚合物、聚乙炔系聚合物、聚噻嗯伸乙烯基系聚合物等之共軛系聚合物、或H2酞菁(H2Pc)、銅酞菁(CuPc)、鋅酞菁(ZnPc)等之酞菁衍生物、卜啉衍生物、N,N’-二苯基-N,N’-二(3-甲基苯基)-4,4’-二苯基-1,1’-二胺(TPD)、N,N’-二萘基-N,N’-二苯基-4,4’-二苯基-1,1’-二胺(NPD)等之三芳胺衍生物、4,4’-二(咔唑-9-基)聯苯(CBP)等之咔唑衍生
物、低聚噻吩衍生物(三噻吩、四噻吩、六噻吩、八噻吩等)等之低分子有機化合物。
n型有機材料係於以式(1)表示的化合物內可單獨使用呈現n型半導體特性者,亦可使用其他的n型有機材料。其他的n型有機材料例如1,4,5,8-萘四羧酸二硬石膏(NTCDA)、3,4,9,10-苝四羧酸二硬石膏(PTCDA)、3,4,9,10-苝四羧酸雙苯并咪唑(PTCBI)、N,N’-二辛基-3,4,9,10-萘基四羧基二醯亞胺(PTCDI-C8H)、2-(4-聯苯基)-5-(4-t-丁基苯基)-1,3,4-噁二唑(PBD)、2,5-二(1-萘基)-1,3,4-噁二唑(BND)等之噁唑衍生物、3-(4-聯苯基)-4-苯基-5-(4-t-丁基苯基)-1,2,4-三唑(TAZ)等之三唑衍生物、菲繞啉衍生物、氧化膦衍生物、富勒體化合物(以C60、C70、C76、C78、C82、C84、C90、C94為始的未經取代者、[6,6]-苯基C61丁酸甲酯([6,6]-PCBM)、[5,6]-苯基C61丁酸己酯([5,6]-PCBM)、[6,6]-苯基C61丁酸己酯([6,6]-PCBH)、[6,6]-苯基C61丁酸十二烷酯([6,6]-PCBD)、苯基C71丁酸甲酯(PC70BM)、苯基C85丁酸甲酯(PC84BM)等)、在碳奈米條(CNT)、聚-p-伸苯基伸乙烯基系聚合物中導入有氰基的衍生物(CN-PPV)等。
本發明之光伏元件,亦可在正極與有機半導體層之間設置電洞輸送層。形成電洞輸送層之材料,以使用聚噻吩系聚合物、聚-p-伸苯基伸乙烯基系聚合物、聚芴系聚合物等之導電性高分子、或酞菁衍生物(H2Pc、CuPc、ZnPc
等)、卜啉衍生物等呈現p型半導體特性之低分子有機化合物較佳。特別是以使用聚噻吩系聚合物之聚乙烯二氧噻吩(PEDOT)或在PEDOT中添加有聚苯乙烯磺酸酯(PSS)者較佳。電洞輸送層以5nm~600nm之厚度較佳,更佳者為30nm~200nm。
另外,本發明之光伏元件,亦可在有機半導體層與負極之間設置電子輸送層。形成電子輸送層之材料,沒有特別的限制,以使用如上述n型有機材料(NTCDA、PTCDA、PTCDI-C8H、噁唑衍生物、三唑衍生物、菲繞啉衍生物、氧化膦衍生物、富勒體化合物、CNT、CN-PPV等)之呈現n型半導體特性之有機材料較佳。電子輸送層以5nm~600nm之厚度較佳,更佳者為30nm~200nm。
此外,本發明之光伏元件亦可經由1種以上之中間電極,層合(無規化)2層以上之有機半導體層而形成直接接合。例如,基板/正極/第1有機半導體層/中間電極/第2有機半導體層/負極之層合構成。藉由該層合,可提高開放電壓。而且,可在正極與第1有機半導體層之間、及在中間電極與第2有機半導體層之間設置上述之電洞輸送層;可在第1有機半導體層與中間電極之間、及第2有機半導體層與負極之間設置上述之電洞輸送層。
為該層合構成時,有機半導體層之至少1層含有以式(1)表示的本發明之化合物,於其他層中為降低短路電流時,本發明之p型有機材料以含有鍵結間隙不同的p型有機材料較佳。該p型有機材料,例如上述之聚噻吩系聚
合物、聚-p-伸苯基伸乙烯基系聚合物、聚-p-伸苯基系聚合物、聚芴系聚合物、聚吡咯系聚合物、聚苯胺系聚合物、聚乙炔系聚合物、聚噻嗯伸乙烯基系聚合物等之共軛系聚合物、或H2酞菁(H2Pc)、銅酞菁(CuPc)、鋅酞菁(ZnPc)等之酞菁衍生物、卜啉衍生物、N,N’-二苯基-N,N’-二(3-甲基苯基)-4,4’-二苯基-1,1’-二胺(TPD)、N,N’-二萘基-N,N’-二苯基-4,4’-二苯基-1,1’-二胺(NPD)等之三芳胺衍生物、4,4’-二(咔唑-9-基)聯苯(CBP)等之咔唑衍生物、低聚噻吩衍生物(三噻塞吩、四噻吩、六噻吩、八噻吩等)等之低分子有機化合物。
此外,此處所使用的中間電極用原料,以具有高導電性者較佳,例如上述之金、鉑、鉻、鎳、鋰、鎂、鈣、錫、銀、鋁等之金屬,或具有透明性之銦、錫等之金屬氧化物、複合金屬氧化物(銦錫氧化物(ITO)、銦鋅氧化物(IZO)等)、由上述金屬所形成的合金或上述金屬之層合物、聚乙烯二氧噻吩(PEDOT)或在PEDOT中添加有聚苯乙烯磺酸酯(PSS)者等。中間電極以具有光透過性較佳,惟即使如光透過性低的金屬之原料,大多數藉由使膜厚薄,可確保充分的光透過性。
於形成有機半導體層時,可使用旋轉塗佈、刀片塗佈、隙縫塗佈、篩網印刷塗佈、棒塗佈器塗佈、鑄模塗佈、印刷轉印法、浸漬牽引法、噴墨法、噴霧法、真空蒸鍍法等中之任一方法,可視控制膜厚或控制配向等而得的有機半導體層特性而定選擇形成方法。
本發明之有機半導體裝置,係使用本發明之有機半導體材料。該有機半導體裝置有發光元件、薄膜電晶體、或光伏元件,以薄膜電晶體或光伏元件較佳,以有機薄膜電晶體更佳。
本發明之有機半導體材料,具有高電荷移動度、溶劑可溶性、氧化安定性、良好的製膜性,使用該物之有機半導體裝置亦發揮高特性。具有本發明之有機半導體材料特徵的具體的有機半導體裝置,例如可呈現有機電場效果電晶體或有機薄膜太陽能電池,另外,藉由組裝此等之有機半導體裝置,可應用於資訊標籤、電子人工皮膚薄片或薄片型掃描器等之大面積感應器、液晶顯示器、電子紙及有機EL面板等之顯示器。
於下述中,藉由實施例更詳細地說明有關本發明,惟本發明不受此等實施例所限制,在不超過其要旨之範圍內,可實施各種的形態。而且,化合物編號係對應於附加於上述化學式的編號。
化合物(100)之合成
在具備回流管之300mL三口燒瓶中加入5-溴吲哚(25g,130mmol)、2-溴苯甲醛(9.2g,65mmol)、甲醇(180mL),在80℃下進行攪拌22小時。冷卻至室溫後餾去溶劑。藉由使用二氧化矽凝膠柱色層分析法進行精製,使所得的固體進行一晚真空乾燥(50℃),製得紅色固體(A-1、29.4g、收率81%)。
在具備回流管之200mL三口燒瓶中加入中間物(A-
1)(29g,51.9mmol)、碘(5.3g,2.1mmol)、乙腈(87mL),加熱回流22小時。冷卻至室溫後進行攪拌。然後,乙腈輾磨實施後,藉由在50℃下進行真空乾燥一晚,製得白色固體(A-2、4.0g、收率11%)。
在氮氣環境中,具備回流管之200mL三口燒瓶中加入脫水DMF(110mL)、38%氫氧化四丁銨甲醇溶液(8.9g,12.7mmol)、中間物(A-2)(4g,5.52mmol),在120℃下進行攪拌48小時。冷卻至室溫後進行過濾。然後,藉由進行甲醇加熱輾磨、THF/MeOH晶析,製得綠黃色化合物(A-3、0.8g)。
在氮氣環境中,三口燒瓶(100mL)中加入中間物(A-3、1.0g,1.78mmol)、苯基硼酸(441mg,3.56mmol、2.0eq.)、肆(三苯基膦)鈀(103mg、0.089mmol、0.05eq.)、甲苯(7.0mL)、乙醇(3.0mL),在室溫下進行攪拌。加入2.5M碳酸鈉水溶液(985mg、9.29mmol/H2O 3.72mL),在90℃下進行攪拌14小時。使反應溶液冷卻至室溫後,以水洗淨有機層,且使用無水硫酸鎂進行乾燥、過濾後,將濾液濃縮。將所得的黃綠色固體(1.0g)溶解於THF(25g)中,在室溫下進行攪拌且注入甲醇(125g)(回收量0.73g)。然後,在室溫下進行攪拌2小時且濾別析出物。重複操作該操作4次,製得固體0.28g。然後,在25mL之茄型燒瓶中加入固體、THF(7g)、活性碳(0.07g),在室溫下進行攪拌30分鐘後予以過濾。藉由將濾液濃縮、乾燥,製得黃綠色
固體之化合物(100)0.1g。FDMS,m/z 556
在膜厚150nm之ITO基板上,藉由真空蒸鍍法使以合成例1合成的化合物(100)進行蒸鍍製膜,且形成膜厚約為2.5nm之有機半導體膜後,藉由真空蒸鍍法進行蒸鍍製膜170nm銀。使所得的元件藉由TOF法,評估電荷移動度。結果,電場強度51.0MV/cm中,電洞移動度為3.9×10-2cm2/Vs。
作成第1圖表示的有機電場效果電晶體,且進行評估本發明有機半導體材料之特性。首先,使具有厚度約300nm之熱成長氧化矽層之矽晶圓(n摻雜)以硫酸-過氧化氫水溶液洗淨,且以異丙醇煮沸後予以乾燥。在所得的矽晶圓上旋轉塗佈光蝕刻劑後,經由光罩,藉由曝光機進行曝光。然後,以顯影液進行顯影後,以離子交換水洗淨,且進行空氣乾燥。在塗佈有其圖型化的光蝕刻劑之矽晶圓上,藉由真空蒸鍍法蒸鍍厚度3nm之鉻,再於其上蒸鍍50nm之金。藉由將該矽晶圓浸漬於去除劑溶液中,在矽晶圓上製作源電極及洩電極。將作成有源電極及洩電極之矽晶圓以乙腈洗淨,然後,製作以異丙醇煮沸且乾燥的有機電場效果電晶體基板。通道長度L=25μm,通道寬度W=15.6cm。
其次,將實施例1所得的化合物(100)藉由真空蒸鍍法進行蒸鍍製膜,在基板上形成膜厚為50nm之有機半導體膜。如此製得具有第1圖表示的構造之有機電場效果電晶體。評估所得的有機電場效果電晶體之特性時,移動度:4.0×10-1cm2/Vs。
於實施例2中,使用并五苯取代化合物(100),且進行相同的操作,製作有機電場效果電晶體元件。所得的元件與實施例2相同地進行評估時,移動度:1.0×10-1cm2/Vs。
如上所述,藉由比較實施例2與比較例1可知,以式(1)表示的構造具有作為有機半導體之高特性。
本發明之含氮芳香族雜環化合物,由於具有廣布於分子構造全體的共軛構造,其電子軌道亦廣布於分子構造全體上。而且,由於其立體構造具有高平面性之特徵,分子間之填料變得緻密,結果,本發明之含氮芳香族雜環化合物具有高電荷移動性。因此,本發明之有機電子裝置具有高特性,例如可考慮應用於有機電場效果電晶體、有機薄膜太陽能電池、資訊標籤、電子人工皮膚薄片或薄片型掃描器等之大面積感應器、液晶顯示器、電子紙及有機EL面板等之顯示器等,其技術價值大。
1‧‧‧基板
2‧‧‧閘電極
3‧‧‧絕緣層
4‧‧‧有機半導體
5‧‧‧源電極
6‧‧‧洩電極
7‧‧‧基板
8‧‧‧正極
9‧‧‧有機半導體層
9-a‧‧‧電子供應性有機半導體層
9-b‧‧‧電子容受性有機半導體層
10‧‧‧負極
〔第1圖〕係表示有機電場效果電晶體元件之一例的模式截面圖。
〔第2圖〕係表示有機電場效果電晶體元件之一例的
模式截面圖。
〔第3圖〕係表示有機電場效果電晶體元件之一例的
模式截面圖。
〔第4圖〕係表示有機電場效果電晶體元件之一例的
模式截面圖。
〔第5圖〕係表示光伏元件之一構造例的模式截面
圖。
〔第6圖〕係表示光伏元件之一構造例的模式截面
圖。
1‧‧‧基板
2‧‧‧閘電極
3‧‧‧絕緣層
4‧‧‧有機半導體
5‧‧‧源電極
6‧‧‧洩電極
Claims (11)
- 一種含氮芳香族雜環化合物,其特徵為以下述一般式(1)表示,
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之含氮芳香族雜環化合物,其係由以下述一般式(2)表示的化合物所形成,
- 一種含氮芳香族雜環化合物,其特徵為以下述一般式(3)表示,
- 一種以下述一般式(1)表示的含氮芳香族雜環化合物之製造方法,其特徵為使以下述一般式(3)表示的含氮芳香族雜環化合物與以下述一般式(4)表示的化合物反應,
- 一種有機半導體材料,其特徵為含有如申請專利範 圍第1項之含氮芳香族雜環化合物。
- 一種有機半導體膜,其特徵為由如申請專利範圍第5項之有機半導體材料所形成。
- 一種有機半導體膜,其特徵為將如申請專利範圍第5項之有機半導體材料溶解於有機溶劑中,並將所調製的溶液經由塗佈.乾燥步驟而予以形成。
- 一種有機電子裝置,其特徵為使用如申請專利範圍第5項之有機半導體材料。
- 如申請專利範圍第8項之有機電子裝置,其中有機電子裝置為發光元件、薄膜電晶體、或光伏元件中之任一種。
- 如申請專利範圍第8項之有機電子裝置,其中有機電子裝置為薄膜電晶體、或光伏元件中之任一種。
- 如申請專利範圍第8項之有機電子裝置,其中有機電子裝置為有機薄膜電晶體。
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2011268918 | 2011-12-08 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
TW201335159A TW201335159A (zh) | 2013-09-01 |
TWI586667B true TWI586667B (zh) | 2017-06-11 |
Family
ID=48574174
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
TW101145457A TWI586667B (zh) | 2011-12-08 | 2012-12-04 | Nitrogen-containing aromatic compounds, organic semiconductor materials and organic electronic devices |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JP6073806B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR102001624B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN103987715B (zh) |
TW (1) | TWI586667B (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2013084805A1 (zh) |
Families Citing this family (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2015145315A1 (en) * | 2014-03-25 | 2015-10-01 | Basf Se | Azaazene analogues and their use as semiconductor |
US9929353B2 (en) | 2014-04-02 | 2018-03-27 | Universal Display Corporation | Organic electroluminescent materials and devices |
CN104251751B (zh) * | 2014-09-26 | 2017-01-25 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | 一种多感官集成的电子皮肤及其制造方法 |
EP3305792B1 (en) * | 2015-06-03 | 2024-04-10 | LG Chem, Ltd. | Nitrogen-containing condensed cyclic compound and organic light emitting element using same |
CN107987086A (zh) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-05-04 | 长春海谱润斯科技有限公司 | 基于咔唑类结构的稠环化合物及其有机发光器件 |
EP3865486A1 (en) | 2020-02-13 | 2021-08-18 | Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. | Heterocyclic compound and an organic electroluminescence device comprising the heterocyclic compound |
KR102319866B1 (ko) * | 2020-02-21 | 2021-10-29 | 성균관대학교산학협력단 | 유기 발광재료 및 이를 포함하는 유기 전계 발광장치 |
KR102597660B1 (ko) * | 2020-12-10 | 2023-11-03 | 성균관대학교산학협력단 | 보론산계 화합물을 포함하는 나노 박막, 이의 제조 방법, 및 이를 포함하는 복합 나노 박막 |
KR102588564B1 (ko) * | 2020-12-10 | 2023-10-13 | 성균관대학교산학협력단 | 2개의 벤젠고리 및 아민기를 갖는 화합물을 포함하는 나노 박막, 이의 제조 방법, 및 이를 포함하는 복합 나노 박막 |
KR102524386B1 (ko) * | 2020-12-10 | 2023-04-21 | 성균관대학교산학협력단 | 2개의 질소-포함 방향족 헤테로 고리를 갖는 화합물을 포함하는 나노 박막, 이의 제조 방법, 및 이를 포함하는 복합 나노 박막 |
KR102592869B1 (ko) * | 2020-12-10 | 2023-10-24 | 성균관대학교산학협력단 | 질소-포함 방향족 헤테로 고리를 갖는 화합물을 포함하는 나노 박막, 이의 제조 방법, 및 이를 포함하는 복합 나노 박막 |
KR20220092768A (ko) | 2020-12-25 | 2022-07-04 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 함질소 축합환 화합물, 형광발광제, 유기 전계 발광 소자용 재료 및 유기 전계 발광 소자 |
KR20220092799A (ko) | 2020-12-25 | 2022-07-04 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 함질소 축합환 화합물, 형광 발광제, 유기 전계발광 소자용 재료 및 유기 전계발광 소자 |
CN114573597B (zh) * | 2022-03-23 | 2024-01-26 | 浙江虹舞科技有限公司 | 一种具有多个大位阻基团围绕的含氮杂环化合物、发光材料及有机发光元件 |
EP4450589A1 (en) | 2023-04-18 | 2024-10-23 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Blue luminescent compound and organic light-emitting device |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2009036689A1 (fr) * | 2007-09-17 | 2009-03-26 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | Procédé d'association de message, terminal d'utilisateur et serveur |
JP2011222974A (ja) * | 2010-03-23 | 2011-11-04 | Nippon Steel Chem Co Ltd | 有機半導体材料及び有機半導体素子 |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2199437B1 (en) | 2001-08-09 | 2015-07-29 | Asahi Kasei Kabushiki Kaisha | Use of an organic semiconductor solution to form oriented polyacene crystals on a substrate |
JP2009090091A (ja) * | 2007-09-18 | 2009-04-30 | Olympus Corp | 歯科用観察装置 |
JP5452888B2 (ja) * | 2008-05-30 | 2014-03-26 | 出光興産株式会社 | 有機薄膜太陽電池 |
-
2012
- 2012-11-30 KR KR1020147018764A patent/KR102001624B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2012-11-30 JP JP2013548205A patent/JP6073806B2/ja active Active
- 2012-11-30 WO PCT/JP2012/081045 patent/WO2013084805A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2012-11-30 CN CN201280060083.2A patent/CN103987715B/zh active Active
- 2012-12-04 TW TW101145457A patent/TWI586667B/zh active
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2009036689A1 (fr) * | 2007-09-17 | 2009-03-26 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | Procédé d'association de message, terminal d'utilisateur et serveur |
JP2011222974A (ja) * | 2010-03-23 | 2011-11-04 | Nippon Steel Chem Co Ltd | 有機半導体材料及び有機半導体素子 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
CLAUDE NIEBEL ET AL.: 'Dibenzo[2,3:5,6] pyrrolizino[1,7-bc]indolo[1,2,3-lm]carbazol e :a new electron donor' NEW JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY vol. 34, no. 7, 2010, pages 1243 - 1246 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2013084805A1 (ja) | 2013-06-13 |
JPWO2013084805A1 (ja) | 2015-04-27 |
CN103987715B (zh) | 2017-06-30 |
TW201335159A (zh) | 2013-09-01 |
JP6073806B2 (ja) | 2017-02-01 |
CN103987715A (zh) | 2014-08-13 |
KR102001624B1 (ko) | 2019-07-18 |
KR20140101411A (ko) | 2014-08-19 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
TWI586667B (zh) | Nitrogen-containing aromatic compounds, organic semiconductor materials and organic electronic devices | |
JP2008109097A (ja) | 光起電力素子用材料および光起電力素子 | |
TW201217378A (en) | Nitrogenated aromatic compound, organic semiconductor material, and organic electronic device | |
TWI577683B (zh) | 芳香族雜環化合物、其製造方法、有機半導體材料、有機半導體元件、有機半導體膜、有機薄膜電晶體及有機光伏元件 | |
WO2015159755A1 (ja) | 光起電力素子 | |
JP6622229B2 (ja) | N−フルオロアルキル置換されたジブロモナフタレンジイミドおよびそれらの半導体としての使用 | |
JP2010531056A (ja) | N,n’−ビス(1,1−ジヒドロペルフルオロ−c3−c5−アルキル)ペリレン−3,4:9,10−テトラカルボン酸ジイミドの使用 | |
TWI516490B (zh) | 有機薄膜電晶體 | |
JP2008166339A (ja) | 光起電力素子用材料および光起電力素子 | |
JP6647106B2 (ja) | 有機半導体材料及び有機半導体デバイス | |
WO2014156771A1 (ja) | 有機薄膜太陽電池 | |
JP6043226B2 (ja) | 芳香族複素環化合物とその製造方法、有機半導体材料及び有機半導体デバイス | |
JP6986692B2 (ja) | 含窒素複素環アルケニル化合物、有機半導体材料及び有機半導体デバイス | |
JP6497560B2 (ja) | 新規縮合多環芳香族化合物及びその用途 | |
JP2009267092A (ja) | 光起電力素子用材料および光起電力素子 | |
WO2014050902A1 (ja) | 有機薄膜太陽電池 | |
WO2011138743A1 (en) | Use of pyromellitic diimides in organic electronics and organic photovoltaics |