TWI555261B - 鋰電池模組 - Google Patents

鋰電池模組 Download PDF

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TWI555261B
TWI555261B TW104126011A TW104126011A TWI555261B TW I555261 B TWI555261 B TW I555261B TW 104126011 A TW104126011 A TW 104126011A TW 104126011 A TW104126011 A TW 104126011A TW I555261 B TWI555261 B TW I555261B
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battery module
lithium battery
soft shell
soft
outer casing
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TW104126011A
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TW201707255A (zh
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程敬義
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有量科技股份有限公司
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Priority to JP2015006356U priority patent/JP3203418U/ja
Priority to US15/150,283 priority patent/US20170047630A1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M16/00—Structural combinations of different types of electrochemical generators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
    • H01G11/10—Multiple hybrid or EDL capacitors, e.g. arrays or modules
    • H01G11/12—Stacked hybrid or EDL capacitors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
    • H01G11/14—Arrangements or processes for adjusting or protecting hybrid or EDL capacitors
    • H01G11/18—Arrangements or processes for adjusting or protecting hybrid or EDL capacitors against thermal overloads, e.g. heating, cooling or ventilating
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
    • H01G11/78—Cases; Housings; Encapsulations; Mountings
    • H01G11/82—Fixing or assembling a capacitive element in a housing, e.g. mounting electrodes, current collectors or terminals in containers or encapsulations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
    • H01M50/24—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries from their environment, e.g. from corrosion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/262—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with fastening means, e.g. locks
    • H01M50/264—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with fastening means, e.g. locks for cells or batteries, e.g. straps, tie rods or peripheral frames
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/317—Re-sealable arrangements
    • H01M50/325—Re-sealable arrangements comprising deformable valve members, e.g. elastic or flexible valve members
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/392—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases with means for neutralising or absorbing electrolyte; with means for preventing leakage of electrolyte through vent holes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
    • H01G11/04—Hybrid capacitors
    • H01G11/06—Hybrid capacitors with one of the electrodes allowing ions to be reversibly doped thereinto, e.g. lithium ion capacitors [LIC]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/547—Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells
    • H01M50/55—Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells on the same side of the cell
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Electric Double-Layer Capacitors Or The Like (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)

Description

鋰電池模組
本發明係有關於鋰電池，尤指一種能夠排氣洩壓的鋰電池模組。
一般鋰電池大多是由多個電池芯串聯或是並聯而構成，一般而言電池芯必需要設置在一外殼內使其受到保護。當電池芯不正常使用時(例如過度充電)，電池芯內的電極與電解液會反應產生可燃氣體。若可燃氣體被封閉在外殼內會造成外殼內壓力上升而導致外殼變型或致使可燃氣體爆炸。若在外殼開設洩壓孔洩壓雖能解決前述問題，但是當多個電池芯同時排放可燃氣體時會造成大量可燃氣體外逸而有引燃的危險，再者環境中的水氣也可能通過洩壓孔侵入外殼內而損害電池芯。因此，電池芯所產生可燃氣體的處置是一待解的重要課題。
有鑑於此，本發明人遂針對上述現有技術，特潛心研究並配合學理的運用，盡力解決上述之問題點，即成為本發明人改良之目標。
本發明提供一種能夠排氣洩壓的鋰電池模組。
本發明提供一種鋰電池模組，其包含一密封外殼、容置在外殼內的一夾具及至少一軟殼電容組件。密封外殼上設置有一單向排氣結構。軟殼電容組件，設置在夾具且被夾具擠壓固定，軟殼電容組件開設有一排氣孔。
較佳地，單向排氣結構包含一氣道、一橡膠套以及一壓板，氣道自外殼向外凸伸形成且氣道上開設有至少一通孔，橡膠套套設於氣道而使通孔氣密，壓板卡固在上蓋並且將橡膠套壓制固定在氣道。各軟殼電容組件的排氣孔設置有一電解液吸收結構。
較佳地，夾具包含一對夾板以及二端分別連接各夾板的複數桿體，軟殼電容組件夾持在該對夾板之間。軟殼電容組件為複數個，該些軟殼電容組件層疊排列在該對夾板之間。夾具包含複數彈性體，各彈性體分別被夾持配置在相鄰的軟殼電容組件之間。
較佳地，軟殼電容組件為複數個，該些軟殼電容組件層疊排列在夾具。夾具包含複數彈性體，各彈性體分別被夾持配置在相鄰的軟殼電容組件之間。
較佳地，鋰電池模組，更包含容置在密封外殼內的一控制電路板，該些軟殼電容組件電性連接控制電路板。排氣孔上設置有一單向排氣閥。軟殼電容組件包含一軟殼，軟殼內容置有複數電極且軟殼內填注有鋰電解液而使該些電極浸泡於鋰電解液，排氣孔開設於軟殼。排氣孔上設置有一單向排氣閥。外殼內表面包覆有一防水覆層，防水覆層包含有金屬材質。
本發明的鋰電池模組藉由密封外殼提供與環境隔絕的空間供存放軟殼電容組件，密封外殼能夠阻隔水氣延長軟殼電容組件之使用壽命。軟殼電容組件產生的可然氣體可以通過密封外殼上的單向排氣結構排出鋰電池模組， 其排出過程中，密封外殼可作為緩衝空間避免過多的可燃氣體排放至環境中而降低引燃的可能性。
100‧‧‧密封外殼
110‧‧‧盒體
111‧‧‧開口
120‧‧‧上蓋
121‧‧‧單向排氣結構
122‧‧‧氣道
123‧‧‧通孔
124‧‧‧橡膠套
125‧‧‧壓板
130‧‧‧防水覆層
200‧‧‧夾具
210‧‧‧夾板
220‧‧‧桿體
230‧‧‧彈性體
300‧‧‧軟殼電容組件
301‧‧‧框架
302‧‧‧定位槽
310‧‧‧軟殼
311‧‧‧排氣孔
312‧‧‧單向排氣閥
320‧‧‧電極
321‧‧‧可燃氣體
330‧‧‧鋰電解液
340‧‧‧吸收結構
400‧‧‧控制電路板
圖1 係本發明較佳實施例之鋰電池模組之立體示意圖。
圖2 係本發明較佳實施例之鋰電池模組之中的單向排氣結構之示意圖。
圖3 係本發明較佳實施例之鋰電池模組之立體分解示意圖。
圖4 係本發明較佳實施例之鋰電池模組之剖視圖。
圖5 係本發明較佳實施例之鋰電池模組之中的單向排氣結構之工作狀態示意圖。
圖6 係本發明較佳實施例之鋰電池模組中的軟殼電容組件之示意圖。
參閱圖1至圖3，本發明之較佳實施例提供一種鋰電池模組，其包含一密封外殼100、一夾具200、至少一軟殼電容組件300以及一控制電路板400。
密封外殼100包含一盒體110以及一上蓋120。盒體110具有一開口111，上蓋120遮蓋於開口111而將盒體110封閉，密封外殼100的內壁包覆有一防水覆層130，防水覆層130包含有金屬材質，於本實施例中，防水覆層130為一金屬箔，藉由防水覆層130阻擋外界水氣侵入外殼100。而且上蓋120設置有一單向排氣結構121以供密封外殼100內部的氣體通過而排出密封外殼100。於本實施例 中，單向排氣結構121包含向外凸伸形成在上蓋120上的氣道122，且氣道122的側面上開設有至少一通孔123。氣道122之外套設有橡膠套124，並且橡膠套124覆蓋通孔123能夠使通孔123氣密。單向排氣結構121還包含一壓板125，壓板125較佳地為鏤空，其外緣卡固在上蓋120而且將橡膠套124壓制固定在氣道122的末端。
夾具200容置在外殼內，夾具200包含一對夾板210、複數桿體220以及複數彈性體230，於本實施例中，各桿體220較佳地為螺桿且各桿體220的二端分別連接各夾板210而將該對夾板210鎖附固定。
軟殼電容組件300設置在夾具200，於本實施例中軟殼電容組件300較佳地為複數個，該些軟殼電容組件300層疊排列在夾具200的該對夾板210之間，各彈性體230分別被夾持配置在相鄰的軟殼電容組件300之間而使軟殼電容組件300被夾持固定。
參閱圖3至圖6，各軟殼電容組件300分別包含一框架301、一軟設310。於本實施例中藉由該些框架301在密封外殼100內形成多個隔間，各隔間分別用於固定至少一個軟殼310。軟殼可為塑膠製成的袋體或者是塑膠金屬箔複合材質製成的袋體，軟殼310內容置有複數電極320且軟殼310內填注有鋰電解液330而使電極320浸泡於鋰電解液330。軟殼310固定於框架301中，框架301的外緣對應夾具200的該些桿體220設有多個定位槽302，定位槽302供桿體220嵌入而將軟殼電容組件300定位。當電極320與鋰電解液330反應後會產生氣體使得軟殼310膨脹，膨脹的軟殼310擠壓彈性體230而使軟殼310更穩固固定。各軟殼310分別開設有一排氣孔311以供排出軟殼310內的氣體，排氣孔311較佳地鄰近盒體110的底部配置，因此，排氣孔311在該密封外殼100內相對遠離上蓋120上的單向排氣結構121。軟殼310之內設置有一吸收結構340，於本實施例中，吸收結構340較佳地可 以是海綿，吸收結構340配置在排氣孔311的內側，當軟殼電容組件300通過其排氣孔311排出氣體時，吸收結構340能夠預先吸收氣體中夾帶的鋰電解液330以防止鋰電解液330外洩。排氣孔311上較佳地可以設有一單向排閥312，單向排閥312的預定釋放壓力應小於外殼100或夾具200擠壓的壓力，並大於單向排氣結構121的預定釋放壓力。以防止已排出的氣體逆流。
參閱圖1至圖3，控制電路板400容置在密封外殼100內，該些軟殼電容組件300可以串聯或是並聯的型式電性連接控制電路板400，藉此透過控制電路板400對各軟殼電容組件300充電或放電。
參閱圖1至圖4，當軟殼電容組件300因操作異常或是老化而產生可燃氣體321時，可燃氣體321可以通過軟殼電容組件300上的單向排氣閥312排出至密封外殼100內，當可燃氣體321在密封外殼100內累積到達一預定的壓力時，可燃氣體321在可以進一步通過上蓋120上的單向排氣結構121排出密封外殼100。於本實施例中，當可燃氣體321在密封外殼100內累積到達一預定的壓力時才具有足夠的壓力而能夠將橡膠套124向外撐開，因此使得外殼100的可燃氣體321能夠通過氣道122上的通孔123排出。軟殼電容組件300的排氣孔311與上蓋120上的單向排氣結構121在密封外殼100內相對遠離配置，藉由延長其間距使得可燃氣體321能夠在密封外殼100擴散而得到有效的緩衝。
本發明的鋰電池模組藉由密封外殼100提供與環境隔絕的空間供存放軟殼電容組件300，密封外殼100阻隔水氣以防止軟殼電容組件300接觸水氣而能夠延長軟殼電容組件300之使用壽命。再者，密封外殼100可作為可燃氣體321的排放緩衝空間，其能夠將大部分的可燃氣體321封存在其內，藉此避免過多的可燃氣體321排放至環境中，因此能夠大幅降低引燃的可能性。
以上所述僅為本發明之較佳實施例，非用以限定本發明之專利範圍，其他運用本發明之專利精神之等效變化，均應俱屬本發明之專利範圍。
100‧‧‧密封外殼
110‧‧‧盒體
120‧‧‧上蓋
121‧‧‧單向排氣結構
200‧‧‧夾具
210‧‧‧夾板
300‧‧‧軟殼電容組件

Claims (13)

  1. 一種鋰電池模組，包含：一密封外殼，該密封外殼上設置有一單向排氣結構；容置在該外殼內的一夾具；及至少一軟殼電容組件，設置在該夾具且被夾具擠壓固定，該軟殼電容組件開設有一排氣孔。
  2. 如請求項1所述的鋰電池模組，其中該單向排氣結構包含一氣道、一橡膠套以及一壓板，該氣道自該外殼向外凸伸形成且該氣道上開設有至少一通孔，該橡膠套套設於該氣道而使該通孔氣密，該壓板卡固在該密封外殼並且將該橡膠套壓制固定在該氣道。
  3. 如請求項1所述的鋰電池模組，其中各該軟殼電容組件的排氣孔設置有一電解液吸收結構。
  4. 如請求項1所述的鋰電池模組，其中該夾具包含一對夾板以及二端分別連接各該夾板的複數桿體，該軟殼電容組件夾持在該對夾板之間。
  5. 如請求項4所述的鋰電池模組，其中軟殼電容組件為複數個，該些軟殼電容組件層疊排列在該對夾板之間。
  6. 如請求項5所述的鋰電池模組，其中該夾具包含複數彈性體，各該彈性體分別被夾持配置在相鄰的該軟殼電容組件之間。
  7. 如請求項1所述的鋰電池模組，其中軟殼電容組件為複數個，該些軟殼電容組件層疊排列在該夾具。
  8. 如請求項7所述的鋰電池模組，其中該夾具包含複數彈性體，各該彈性體分別被夾持配置在相鄰的該軟殼電容組件之間。
  9. 如請求項1所述的鋰電池模組，更包含容置在該密封外殼內的一控制電路板，該些軟殼電容組件電性連接該控制電路板。
  10. 如請求項1所述的鋰電池模組，其中該排氣孔上設置有一單向排氣閥。
  11. 如請求項1所述的鋰電池模組，其中該軟殼電容組件包含一軟殼，該軟殼內容置有複數電極且該軟殼內填注有鋰電解液而使該些電極浸泡於該鋰電解液，該排氣孔開設於該軟殼。
  12. 如請求項11所述的鋰電池模組，其中該排氣孔上設置有一單向排氣閥。
  13. 如請求項1所述的鋰電池模組，其中該外殼內表面包覆有一防水覆層，該防水覆層包含有金屬材質。
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