TWI532582B - 捏和擠出機 - Google Patents

捏和擠出機 Download PDF

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Publication number
TWI532582B
TWI532582B TW100118650A TW100118650A TWI532582B TW I532582 B TWI532582 B TW I532582B TW 100118650 A TW100118650 A TW 100118650A TW 100118650 A TW100118650 A TW 100118650A TW I532582 B TWI532582 B TW I532582B
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TW
Taiwan
Prior art keywords
kneading
raw material
cylinder
extrusion port
port
Prior art date
Application number
TW100118650A
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English (en)
Other versions
TW201210791A (en
Inventor
澤宏平
Original Assignee
澤宏平
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Publication date
Application filed by 澤宏平 filed Critical 澤宏平
Publication of TW201210791A publication Critical patent/TW201210791A/zh
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Publication of TWI532582B publication Critical patent/TWI532582B/zh

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/255Flow control means, e.g. valves
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29BPREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/34Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/38Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29BPREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/58Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29B7/60Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations for feeding, e.g. end guides for the incoming material
    • B29B7/603Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations for feeding, e.g. end guides for the incoming material in measured doses, e.g. proportioning of several materials
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29BPREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/58Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29B7/60Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations for feeding, e.g. end guides for the incoming material
    • B29B7/606Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations for feeding, e.g. end guides for the incoming material specially adapted for feeding calenders or the like
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29BPREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/58Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29B7/72Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29BPREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/58Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29B7/72Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29B7/726Measuring properties of mixture, e.g. temperature or density
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29BPREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/58Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29B7/72Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29B7/728Measuring data of the driving system, e.g. torque, speed, power, vibration
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29BPREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B9/00Making granules
    • B29B9/02Making granules by dividing preformed material
    • B29B9/06Making granules by dividing preformed material in the form of filamentary material, e.g. combined with extrusion
    • B29B9/065Making granules by dividing preformed material in the form of filamentary material, e.g. combined with extrusion under-water, e.g. underwater pelletizers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/05Filamentary, e.g. strands
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/07Flat, e.g. panels
    • B29C48/08Flat, e.g. panels flexible, e.g. films
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/09Articles with cross-sections having partially or fully enclosed cavities, e.g. pipes or channels
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/362Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using static mixing devices
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/365Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using pumps, e.g. piston pumps
    • B29C48/37Gear pumps
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/375Plasticisers, homogenisers or feeders comprising two or more stages
    • B29C48/39Plasticisers, homogenisers or feeders comprising two or more stages a first extruder feeding the melt into an intermediate location of a second extruder
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/395Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/395Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
    • B29C48/397Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using a single screw
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
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    • B29C48/40Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
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    • B29C48/50Details of extruders
    • B29C48/505Screws
    • B29C48/57Screws provided with kneading disc-like elements, e.g. with oval-shaped elements
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    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
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    • B29C48/50Details of extruders
    • B29C48/505Screws
    • B29C48/67Screws having incorporated mixing devices not provided for in groups B29C48/52 - B29C48/66
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50Details of extruders
    • B29C48/69Filters or screens for the moulding material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
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    • B29C48/88Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling
    • B29C48/919Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling using a bath, e.g. extruding into an open bath to coagulate or cool the material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
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    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
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    • B29C2948/92504Controlled parameter
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    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
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    • B29C2948/92504Controlled parameter
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    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
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    • B29C2948/92504Controlled parameter
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    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92819Location or phase of control
    • B29C2948/92828Raw material handling or dosing, e.g. active hopper or feeding device
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    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
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    • B29C48/285Feeding the extrusion material to the extruder
    • B29C48/297Feeding the extrusion material to the extruder at several locations, e.g. using several hoppers or using a separate additive feeding
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/88Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling
    • B29C48/911Cooling

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Description

捏和擠出機 發明領域
本發明係有關於一種藉螺桿軸之旋轉,捏和多種材料形成熔融狀態之捏和材料,且將所形成之捏和材料擠出之捏和擠出機。
發明背景
以往,捏和多種原料形成捏和材料,並且將該捏和材料擠出之捏和擠出機,已知有例如第5圖所示捏和擠出機501(例如參照專利文獻1)。
如第5圖所示,習知捏和擠出機501,例如包含有:螺桿軸511,係單軸或雙軸結構者;料筒512,係前述螺桿軸511於其內部空間配置成可經驅動旋轉者;原料供給器513,係供給原料於料筒512與螺桿軸511之間之空間者;模部516,係與料筒512之捏和材料之出口之料筒擠出口514連通並具有模部擠出口515者,該模部擠出口515將由料筒512供給之捏和材料擠出至裝置外部;升壓泵517,係設置於料筒512與模部516之間,且將由料筒擠出口514供給之捏和材料升壓,供給至模部516。
設於料筒512之原料供給口522連接有漏斗518,由原料供給器513供給之原料通過漏斗518供給至料筒512內。此外,原料供給器513具有可控制轉速之驅動馬達513a,藉著控制驅動馬達513a之轉速,所需量之原料自原料供給器513通過漏斗518供給至料筒512內。
配置在料筒512內之螺桿軸511(單軸或雙軸)與螺桿驅動裝置519連接。螺桿驅動裝置519具有可控制轉速之驅動馬達519a,藉著控制驅動馬達519a之轉速,螺桿軸511可被驅動以所需轉速旋轉。
升壓泵517可使用例如齒輪泵,藉著以一定速度驅動該齒輪泵,可將捏和材料升壓並定量供給至模部516。另,升壓泵517與模部516之間設有網目狀過濾器520,可減少異物等混入模部516內。
具有前述結構之習知捏和擠出機501,係藉壓力檢測量部521檢測出在料筒擠出口514之捏和材料之壓力,並依所檢測出之捏和材料之壓力,控制原料供給器513之驅動馬達513a之轉速與螺桿驅動裝置519之驅動馬達519a之轉速,以控制在料筒擠出口514之捏和材料之壓力保持一定。如此之控制,一般稱為回饋控制方式。
具體而言,若壓力檢測量部521檢測出在料筒擠出口514壓力較設定壓力高,就降低原料供給器513之驅動馬達513a之轉速,使自原料供給器513供給至料筒512內之原料量減少。同時,也降低螺桿驅動裝置519之驅動馬達519a之轉速,使自料筒512之料筒擠出口514擠出之捏和材料量減少。藉此,可降低在料筒擠出口514之捏和材料之壓力。
另一方面,若壓力檢測量部521檢測出在料筒擠出口514壓力較設定壓力低,就使自原料供給器513供給至料筒512內之原料量增加,並且增加螺桿驅動裝置519之旋轉驅動量,使自料筒擠出口514擠出之捏和材料量增加。藉此,可增加在料筒擠出口514之捏和材料之壓力。
依此,習知捏和擠出機501進行回饋控制,使在料筒擠出口514之捏和材料之壓力保持一定,於是可將自料筒擠出口514通過升壓泵517供給至模部516之捏和材料之量保持一定。
此種習知捏和擠出機501,若螺桿軸511是單軸結構時,作為二次加工用之用途,將混合後之料丸作為原料擠出捏和材料以成形管和膜等。近年來,螺桿軸511也使用雙軸結構,作為直接成形管和膜等之用途。
先行技術文獻 專利文獻
專利文獻1:日本專利公開公報平6-55415號
然而,第5圖所示習知捏和擠出機501,為使在料筒擠出口514之捏和材料之壓力保持一定,採用之控制方式係控制來自原料供給器513之原料供給量可變,並且控制螺桿軸511之轉速可變,如此使料筒512內之捏和材料之擠出量(搬送量)可變。
若螺桿軸511之驅動轉速改變,對捏和材料之剪切速度也會改變,於是影響捏和材料之捏和性。又,在料筒512內之捏和材料之滯留時間會改變,對捏和材料之熱歷程時間會改變,於是影響捏和材料之捏和性。此外,當混合2種以上原料時,原料之供給量若改變,就會影響捏和材料之混合比例,尤其是螺桿軸是愈多軸結構,影響愈顯著。
又,供給至料筒512內之原料作為捏和材料,自料筒擠出口514到被擠出為止存在有時滯(例如約數十秒之時間差),所以依在料筒擠出口514之捏和材料之壓力來控制原料供給器513之原料供給量之方式,實難以追蹤瞬時變化之壓力。又,若在不同供給位置將多種原料供給至料筒512內時,更難追蹤壓力變化。又,除原料供給量之變動之外,若還使螺桿軸511之驅動轉速可變,就會改變在捏和條件下甚為重要之螺桿軸剪切速度,於是便無法避免捏和材料之物性變化。
因此,就此種習知捏和擠出機501而言,自模部516擠出之擠出材料之物性不穩定,依所供給原料之組合和最終製品之形態等,恐怕成形狀態不穩定而影響製品品質。尤其係當使用擠出量較少之小型捏和擠出機進行成形時,這種影響更為顯著。又,當使用自捏和擠出機擠出之擠出材料進行直接成形以成形管和膜等時,擠出材料之捏和性會直接影響成形體之條件,所以成形體之狀態就極不穩定。再者,當混合比重不同之二種以上原料時,更是難以使捏和性穩定。
因此,本發明之目的在於解決前述課題,提供一種捏和擠出機,係藉螺桿軸之旋轉,捏和多種材料形成熔融狀態之捏和材料並且將所形成之捏和材料擠出者,其可使捏和材料之定量擠出及捏和性穩定化兩者均成立實現。
為達成前述目的,本發明之結構如下。
依本發明第1態樣,提供一種捏和擠出機,包含有:料筒,係具有原料供給口及擠出口者,該原料供給口可供給第1原料與液狀之第2原料,該擠出口可供第1原料與第2原料已捏和成熔融狀態之捏和材料自該料筒之內部擠出;螺桿軸,係配置於料筒內部,用以捏和第1原料與第2原料,形成熔融狀態之捏和材料者;螺桿驅動裝置,係驅動螺桿軸以一定速度連續旋轉者;模部,係與料筒之擠出口連通,且具有,可供自料筒之擠出口擠出之加壓狀態之捏和材料朝裝置外部擠出之擠出口;排出裝置,係於料筒擠出口與模部擠出口之間,將自料筒擠出口擠出之捏和材料之一部分排出者;及排出量調整機構,係調整藉排出裝置排出之捏和材料之排出量,以使料筒擠出口之捏和材料之壓力保持一定者。
本發明第2態樣係如第1態樣之捏和擠出機,於料筒擠出口與模部之間,更包含有使捏和材料升壓之升壓泵,該升壓泵被以一定速度連續驅動。
本發明第3態樣係如第2態樣之捏和擠出機,其中與料筒擠出口連通之模部係設置成複數台並列,且複數升壓泵設置成分別對應各模部。
本發明第4態樣係如第2態樣之捏和擠出機,其中排出裝置設置成使捏和材料之一部分可自升壓泵與料筒擠出口之間排出。
本發明第5態樣係如第1至4態樣中任一態樣之捏和擠出機,其中排出裝置係齒輪泵,且排出量調整機構係齒輪泵旋轉驅動量之可變機構。
本發明第6態樣係如第1至4態樣中任一態樣之捏和擠出機,其中排出裝置係控制閥,且排出量調整機構係控制閥之開度調節機構。
本發明第7態樣係如第1至4態樣中任一態樣之捏和擠出機,其中排出裝置具有藉旋轉驅動以排出捏和材料之一部分之螺旋構件,且排出量調整機構係螺旋構件旋轉驅動量之可變機構。
本發明第8態樣係如第1至4態樣中任一態樣之捏和擠出機,更包含有排出裝置,係將供給至模部內之捏和材料之一部分排出,使模部擠出口之壓力保持一定者。
本發明第9態樣係如第1至4態樣中任一態樣之捏和擠出機,其係於料筒內部配置有複數螺桿軸,且藉由螺桿驅動裝置驅動以一定速度連續旋轉驅動各螺桿軸。
本發明第10態樣係如第1至4態樣中任一態樣之捏和擠出機,其中於料筒設置有供給第1原料之第1原料供給口及供給液狀之第2原料之第2原料供給口,且第1原料供給口與第2原料供給口設置於彼此不同之位置。
本發明第11態樣係如第1至4態樣中任一態樣之捏和擠出機,其中模部自擠出口擠出捏和材料以進行直接擠出成形。
本發明第12態樣係如第1至4態樣中任一態樣之捏和擠出機,更包含有原料供給裝置,係透過原料供給口以一定量及比例將第1原料及第2原料連續供給至料筒內部者。
依本發明之捏和多種原料之捏和擠出機之結構,包含有排出裝置,係於前述料筒之擠出口與前述模部之擠出口之間,將自前述料筒之擠出口擠出之捏和材料之一部分排出者,且前述排出裝置具有排出量調整機構,該排出量調整機構調整捏和材料之排出量,使前述料筒之擠出口之捏和材料之壓力保持一定。因此,可使原料供給量及螺桿軸之旋轉驅動量保持一定,並且進行捏和材料之定量供給。於是,可使捏和材料之定量擠出及捏和性穩定化兩者均成立實現。
圖式簡單說明
以下配合附加圖式之較佳實施形態相關說明,可使本發明之態樣與特徵更清楚明瞭。
第1圖係本發明第1實施形態之捏和擠出機之示意圖。
第2圖係本發明第2實施形態之捏和擠出機之示意圖。
第3圖係本發明第3實施形態之捏和擠出機之示意圖。
第4圖係本發明第4實施形態之捏和擠出機之示意圖。
第5圖係習知捏和擠出機之示意圖。
用以實施本發明之形態
繼續說明本發明之前,先對附加圖式之相同零件賦與相同參照標號。
以下,依圖式詳細說明本發明之實施形態。
(第1實施形態)
第1圖係顯示本發明第1實施形態之捏和擠出機1之主要結構之示意圖。如第1圖所示,捏和擠出機1包含有:例如單軸結構之螺桿軸11;料筒12,係於其內部空間配置螺桿軸11成可被驅動而旋轉者;原料供給裝置,係將原料供給至料筒12與螺桿軸11之間之空間者;模部16,係與料筒12之捏和材料之出口之料筒擠出口14連通,且供自料筒12供給之捏和材料朝該捏和擠出機外部擠出者;及升壓泵17,係設置在料筒12與模部16之間,使自料筒擠出口14擠出之捏和材料升壓並供給至模部16。
料筒12設有供給第1原料之第1原料供給口22,及供給第2原料之第2原料供給口23。第1原料與第2原料是相互不同種類之原料,例如第1原料是固狀(或粉狀)原料,第2原料是液狀原料。
原料供給裝置設有供給固狀第1原料之第1原料供給器24,及供給液狀第2原料之第2原料供給器25。料筒12之第1原料供給口22連接有漏斗18,第1原料自第1原料供給器24通過漏斗18供給至料筒12內。第2原料供給器25與料筒12之第2原料供給口23連接,第2原料自第2原料供給器25通過第2原料供給口23供給至料筒12內。另,第1原料供給器24及第2原料供給器25,分別具有驅動馬達24a、25a,藉由個別之驅動馬達24a、25a被驅動以一定轉速動作,第1原料及第2原料以一定供給量及混合比例自第1原料供給器24及第2原料供給器25供給出。
螺桿軸11具有可經驅動而旋轉,將供給到料筒12內之第1原料及第2原料捏和形成熔融狀態之捏和材料之功能,可採用各種螺紋之螺桿軸11。又,螺桿軸11與螺桿驅動裝置19連接。螺桿驅動裝置19具有驅動馬達19a,藉由驅動馬達19a被驅動以一定轉速動作,螺桿軸11被驅動以一定速度旋轉。
升壓泵17使用例如定量供給性及升壓功能優越之齒輪泵,藉由齒輪泵被驅動一定速度動作,可使捏和材料升壓並且定量供給至模部16。又,升壓泵17與模部16之間設有例如網目狀過濾器20,可減少異物等混入模部16內。
藉升壓泵17升壓之捏和材料供給至模部16內,供給之捏和材料自模部16前端形成預定形狀之模部擠出口15被擠出至捏和擠出機1之外部。使用自模部16被擠出之捏和材料,可注入模具內進行射出成形,或者直接地進行擠出成形為直接擠出成形。
料筒擠出口14與升壓泵17之間之管路設有排出泵26,係通過管路排出捏和材料之一部分,且該排出泵26具有可控制轉速可變之驅動馬達26a。又,料筒擠出口14設有檢測所擠出之捏和材料之壓力之壓力檢測部27。控制排出泵26之驅動馬達26a之轉速,使壓力檢測部27所檢測出之捏和材料之壓力保持一定,自料筒擠出口14供給至升壓泵17之捏和材料之一部分藉排出泵26排出,並且控制其排出量。
又,捏和擠出機1包含有控制裝置9,係將如前述壓力檢測部27所檢測出之捏和材料之壓力與預設之設定壓力範圍作比較,且進行排出泵26之驅動馬達26a之轉速之控制者。具體而言,當壓力檢測部27所檢測出之捏和材料之壓力高於設定壓力範圍時,控制裝置9提高驅動馬達26a之轉速,控制排出泵26增加捏和材料之一部分排出量。又,當壓力檢測部27所檢測出之捏和材料之壓力低於設定壓力範圍時,控制裝置9降低驅動馬達26a之轉速,控制排出泵26減少捏和材料之一部分排出量。另,使驅動馬達26a之轉速降低,也可使排出泵26之運轉停止。第1實施形態中,前述排出泵26為排出裝置之一例,壓力檢測部27、驅動馬達26a及控制裝置9則為調節捏和材料之排出量之排出量調整機構之一例。此外,排出泵26宜使用轉速與排出量之間相關性較高之種類之泵。例如,第1實施形態中係採用齒輪泵。
接著,利用第1圖說明在具有前述結構之第1實施形態之捏和擠出機1,捏和固狀第1原料及液狀第2原料以擠出熔融狀態之捏和材料之動作。
首先,固狀第1原料自第1原料供給器24通過漏斗18及第1原料供給口22,供給至料筒12內。同樣地,液狀第2原料自第2原料供給器25通過第2原料供給口23,供給至料筒12內。由於前述原料供給係在個別之驅動馬達24a、25a被驅動以一定轉速連續旋轉之狀態下進行,所以第1原料及第2原料可以一定供給量及一定混合比例連續地供給至料筒12。另,第1圖顯示第1原料供給口22與第2原料供給口23設置在不同之位置之例,不過亦可設置在相同位置。
螺桿驅動裝置19係其驅動馬達19a被驅動以一定轉速旋轉,且於料筒12內部之螺桿軸11被連續驅動以一定轉速動作。螺桿軸11設有未圖示之螺紋,料筒12之內面與螺紋之間對所供給之第1原料及第2原料施予剪切作用而捏和兩原料。同時,在料筒12藉由未圖示之加熱裝置對原料進行加熱。結果,第1原料與第2原料會以一定混合比例混合,並形成熔融狀態之捏和材料。所形成之捏和材料藉螺桿軸11之旋轉,沿料筒12內周面被搬送至料筒12之前端側,且一定量之捏和材料通過料筒擠出口14連續地擠出。
自料筒擠出口14擠出之捏和材料供給至升壓泵17,在升壓泵17被升壓至預定壓力之捏和材料,通過過濾器20,定量且連續地供給至模部16。
另一方面,由壓力檢測部27檢測自料筒擠出口14擠出之捏和材料之壓力,而所檢測出之壓力值輸入至控制裝置9。控制裝置9預先設定有捏和材料之設定壓力範圍,且進行判斷所檢測出之壓力值是否超過設定壓力範圍。
當所檢測出之壓力較設定壓力範圍低時,控制裝置9使驅動馬達26a之轉速降低,減少排出泵26排出捏和材料之排出量。反之,當所檢測出之壓力較設定壓力範圍高時,控制裝置9使驅動馬達26a之轉速提高,增加排出泵26排出捏和材料之排出量。如此控制下,料筒擠出口14之捏和材料之壓力可保持在設定壓力範圍內,且一定量之捏和材料連續地供給至升壓泵17。另,在第1實施形態之結構,排出泵26排出之捏和材料不會返回捏和擠出機1,而是例如被廢棄。
升壓泵17將以一定壓力及一定量連續地供給之捏和材料再升壓,通過過濾器20,連續地定量供給至模部16。模部16。在模部16,所供給之捏和材料會通過模部擠出口15擠出至捏和擠出機1之外部。使用所擠出捏和材料(擠出材料),進行成形以製造成形品。
依第1實施形態之捏和擠出機1,螺桿軸11被驅動以一定速度連續旋轉,而第1及第2原料以一定供給量及混合比例連續地自第1及第2原料供給器24、25供給出。此外,為使料筒擠出口14之捏和材料之壓力保持一定,採用控制捏和材料之一部分由排出泵26排出至捏和擠出機外部之方式。
因此,混合之原料可以一定比例及量還有一定剪切速度捏和,形成熔融狀態之捏和材料。又,料筒12內之捏和材料之滯留時間也可保持一定。因此,可達成捏和材料之定量供給,並實現捏和材料之捏和性穩定化。
又,由於依在料筒擠出口14所檢測出之壓力變化,控制自料筒擠出口14附近排出捏和材料之量,所以可使壓力變化之控制減少時滯狀況,控制之反應性良好。
在此,所謂「捏和性」,係指例如多孔質(多孔)成形體,除成形體力學特質(拉伸強度、衝擊強度、硬度等)以外,還包含有孔之均一性、孔數等條件之捏和材料特性。又,依所使用原料與成形體之目的不同,除此種力學特質等之外,也導電性、耐火性、滲透性、透明性、吸水性、耐候性等功能性質之條件。
尤其係將有比重差之原料和流動性不同之原料混合時,若改變原料供給量和螺桿軸轉速,即使料筒之原料供給口相同,隨著料筒內之原料充滿量和內部滯留時間之變化,實難以使捏和材料之捏和性穩定。
第1實施形態由於採用使原料供給量和螺桿軸轉速保持一定之結構,所以當進行如原料固液混合等有比重差之原料之混合時,仍可使原料之混合量及混合比例保持一定,並且使料筒12內之捏和狀態保持一定狀態,讓捏和性甚為穩定。
例如,第1實施形態之捏和擠出機1可應用在使用聚合物系原料作為固狀第1原料,油系原料作為液狀第2原料以形成捏和材料,且進行直接成形多孔質(多孔)成形體等之成形品的用途時。尤其係多孔質成形體之直接成形(直接擠出成形),其捏和性要求的除成形體之力學性質之外,還有所形成之孔形成更小且均一,且隨時間經過該等特質也不容許有所變化,可謂相當嚴格之捏和性條件要求。因此,強烈要求成形體之捏和性保持連續且均一,尤其是在流入升壓泵之時點,捏和材料必須具有均一之捏和性。此外,此種多孔質成形體成形時,因為液狀第2原料之混合比例大多超過50%,所以捏和材料之捏和狀態之穩定性及定量性之需求高。因此,對於此種多孔質成形體之成形,採用第1實施形態之捏和擠出機1之效果是極好的。
又,捏和擠出機1之運轉,也可係例如自模部16擠出之材料之量若為100%時,由第1及第2原料供給器24、25相對供給110%之量之原料以形成捏和材料,且由排出泵26排出10%之量之捏和材料。如此預設排出某程度之量之捏和材料來選定泵之規格作為排出泵26,可使排出泵26依壓力檢測而排出之排出量之控制性良好,且料筒擠出口14之壓力之穩定化控制進行良好。另,該等材料之相對之量為一例,也可由第1及第2原料供給器24、25供給110%以上之量之原料,或者亦可供給110%以下之量之原料。
又,例如捏和擠出機1若欲減少模部16之擠出量時,可增加排出泵26之排出量來對應。因此,無須將出自模部之擠出量之等量視為成形量來決定捏和擠出機之規格,而是將排出泵26之排出量設定為可變,便可將模部16之擠出量設定為期望之量。因此,無須依成形量來準備從大型捏和擠出機到小型捏和擠出機之多種捏和擠出機,使用較大處理量之捏和擠出機也可對應少量之成形。尤其係即使習知捏和擠出機難以對應之數克/小時之超少量之直接成形,也可將第1實施形態之捏和擠出機小型化來實現。
又,假設考慮到第1實施形態之捏和擠出機1之比較例時,為使料筒擠出口之壓力保持一定,可思及的方法是使用以積蓄器為代表之壓力調節槽,使槽內之容積可變,如此來讓料筒擠出口之捏和材料之壓力保持一定。然而,捏和材料可能是粉狀和液狀等各種情況,並且大多並非單一流體,使用壓力調節槽之方法,在槽內部之滯留時間有差異,會產生黏度變化。因此,可想到自槽內部返回之捏和材料之物性與其他捏和材料不同,於是影響定量供給狀態,難以同時兼顧捏和材料之捏和性之穩定化及定量供給。
又,若採用使自料筒擠出口擠出之捏和材料之一部分返回料筒內部之結構,因為返回之捏和材料之物性會發生變化,所以難以達成捏和性之穩定化。
因此,如第1實施形態之捏和擠出機1以連續成形為目的之捏和擠出機,就捏和材料之捏和性穩定化觀點而言,無法採用使捏和材料返回料筒內,暫時儲存於壓力調節槽內之方法。於是,如第1實施形態採用藉排出裝置排出捏和材料之一部分之結構,在同時兼顧捏和材料之捏和性之穩定化及定量供給上就極有成效。
(第2實施形態)
又,本發明不限於前述第1實施形態,還可以其他各種態樣實施。例如第2圖係顯示本發明第2實施形態之捏和擠出機101之主要結構。另,對第2圖之捏和擠出機101與前述第1實施形態捏和擠出機1相同之結構部分,賦予相同參照標號,省略其說明。
如第2圖所示,與前述第1實施形態結構不同之點,在於第2實施形態之捏和擠出機101更於模部16也追加採用排出捏和材料之一部分之結構。以下,僅針對此相異之結構部分作說明。
如第2圖所示,模部16藉由管路連接有排出泵126。排出泵126具有可控制轉速可變之驅動馬達126a。此外,設有壓力檢測部127,用以檢測模部16內之模部擠出口15附近之捏和材料之壓力。
藉壓力檢測部127檢測出之模部16內之捏和材料之壓力輸入控制裝置9,控制裝置9控制驅動馬達126a之轉速以藉排出泵126控制捏和材料之排出量,以達成在預先設定之設定壓力範圍內。
如此進行控制,可使模部16之捏和材料之壓力保持一定,而可進行更穩定之捏和材料擠出處理。在模部16進行排出捏和材料一部分之結構,尤其對少量之成形處理而言成效佳。另,如第2圖所示,除同時進行料筒擠出口14之捏和材料之一部分排出與模部16之捏和材料之一部分排出以外,也可僅進行模部16之捏和材料之一部分排出。
(第3實施形態)
接著,第3圖係顯示本發明第3實施形態之捏和擠出機201之主要結構。另,對第3圖之捏和擠出機201與前述第1實施形態捏和擠出機1相同之結構部分,賦予相同參照標號,省略其說明。
如第3圖所示,與前述第1實施形態結構不同之點,在於第3實施形態之捏和擠出機201之螺桿軸11為雙軸結構、更追加第3原料供給裝置作為原料供給裝置,及從升壓泵17到模部16之系統有複數系統。以下,僅針對相異之結構部分作說明。
如第3圖所示,料筒212更設有第3原料供給口221,而與第1及第2原料不同種類之第3原料,可自第3原料供給器226供給至料筒212內。另,第3原料供給器226具有驅動馬達226a,藉由驅動馬達226a被驅動以一定轉速動作,一定量之第3原料連續地供給至料筒212內。
又,料筒212內設置有相互為咬合狀態之2根螺桿軸11。2根螺桿軸11藉螺桿驅動裝置19驅動以一定速度旋轉。
此外,與料筒擠出口14連接之管路分歧為3條,於分歧之各管路設置有升壓泵17、過濾器20及模部16。
依第3實施形態之捏和擠出機201,混合之原料種類可為3種以上,且螺桿軸也可採用雙軸或三軸以上之多軸結構。
又,升壓泵17及模部16亦可依最終成形形態,分歧設置在複數系統。
因此,捏和擠出機201可自由對應原料種類、螺桿軸結構、及最終成形形態等等各種規格,並且同時兼顧捏和材料之定量擠出及捏和性之穩定化。
(第4實施形態)
接著,第4圖係顯示本發明第4實施形態之捏和擠出機301之主要結構。另,對第4圖之捏和擠出機301與前述第1實施形態及第3實施形態之捏和擠出機1、201相同之結構部分,賦予相同參照標號,省略其說明。
如第4圖所示,與前述第1實施形態及第3實施形態結構不同之點,在於第4實施形態之捏和擠出機301使用控制閥而非排出泵作為排出自料筒擠出口14擠出之捏和材料之一部份之排出裝置。以下,僅針對相異之結構部分作說明。
如第4圖所示,連接捏和擠出機301之料筒擠出口14與各升壓泵17之管路途中,在用以排出捏和材料之一部分之管路上設有控制閥326。控制閥326具有藉由外部訊號輸入而可改變該控制閥326之開度之功能,藉著改變控制閥326之開度,可控制捏和材料之排出量。
具體而言,當壓力檢測部27檢測出料筒擠出口14之捏和材料之壓力並輸入控制裝置9時,控制裝置9判斷所檢測出之壓力是否在設定壓力範圍內。若所檢測出之壓力高於設定壓力範圍時,便增加控制閥326之開度以增加捏和材料之排出量。另一方面,若所檢測出之壓力低於設定壓力範圍時,便減少控制閥326之開度以減少捏和材料之排出量。
如此使用控制閥326作為捏和材料之排出裝置時,也可使料筒擠出口14之捏和材料之壓力保持一定,且同時兼顧捏和材料之定量供給及捏和性之穩定化。
(變形例)
以下說明前述各實施形態之變形形態。
以設置有升壓泵17之形態為例作說明,不過也可採用不設置升壓泵17之結構。
又,以升壓泵17之下游側設有過濾器20時之例作說明,不過過濾器20也可設置於升壓泵17之上游側,且也可不設置過濾器20本身。
分別說明僅具有1台模部16之情況及具有3台模部16之情況,不過模部16之設置台數可依擠出材料之成形形態和規格來決定。又,設有多台模部16時,並不只限於全都均設置相同大小及規格之模部16,而是也可設置不同大小或規格之模部16。
又,說明之例係個別對應模部16地設置升壓泵17,不過也可採用模部16與升壓泵17未必個別對應之結構。
又,說明係舉例使用排出泵26和控制閥326作為排出捏和材料之一部份之排出裝置,不過也可使用具有可排出可變期望量之捏和材料之功能之各種裝置作為排出裝置。例如,亦可採用使用螺桿且可可變控制螺桿之旋轉驅動量之螺桿型排出裝置。
又,排出裝置可更設拉絲模、冷卻水槽及線絲切割器以將所排出之捏和材料造粒再利用。
另,可適當地組合前述各種實施形態之中之任意實施形態,以發揮個別具有之效果。
本發明對於捏和固狀原料與液狀原料並擠出捏和材料之捏和擠出成形甚為有用,尤其是當液狀原料之混合比例高時,可同時兼顧捏和材料之定量供給及捏和性之穩定化,適用於直接擠出成形。
本發明配合附加圖式充分記載較佳實施形態相關說明,不過對熟悉此項技藝者而言,自然可知可為各種變形和修改。這些變形和修改只要不脫離本發明所附申請專利範圍所言本發明範圍,就包含於本發明。
2010年5說28日提申之日本專利申請案第2010-122848號說明書、圖式及申請專利範圍之揭示內容,全體都參照編入本說明書中。
1,101,201,301,501...捏和擠出機
9...控制裝置
11,511...螺桿軸
12,212,512...料筒
14,514...料筒擠出口
15,515...模部擠出口
16,516...模部
17,517...升壓泵
18,518...漏斗
19,519...螺桿驅動裝置
19a,24a,25a,26a,126a,226a,513a,519a...驅動馬達
20,520...過濾器
22...第1原料供給口
23...第2原料供給口
24...第1原料供給器
25...第2原料供給器
26,126...排出泵
27,127...壓力檢測部
221...第3原料供給口
226...第3原料供給器
326...控制閥
513...原料供給器
521...壓力檢測量部
522...原料供給口
第1圖係本發明第1實施形態之捏和擠出機之示意圖。
第2圖係本發明第2實施形態之捏和擠出機之示意圖。
第3圖係本發明第3實施形態之捏和擠出機之示意圖。
第4圖係本發明第4實施形態之捏和擠出機之示意圖。
第5圖係習知捏和擠出機之示意圖。
1...捏和擠出機
9...控制裝置
11...螺桿軸
12...料筒
14...料筒擠出口
15...模部擠出口
16...模部
17...升壓泵
18...漏斗
19...螺桿驅動裝置
19a,24a,25a,26a...驅動馬達
20...過濾器
22...第1原料供給口
23...第2原料供給口23
24...第1原料供給器
25...第2原料供給器
26...排出泵
27...壓力檢測部

Claims (4)

  1. 一種捏和擠出機,包含有:料筒,係具有第1原料供給口、第2原料供給口及擠出口,該第1原料供給口可供給第1原料,該第2原料供給口可供給液狀之第2原料,該擠出口可供第1原料與第2原料已捏和成熔融狀態之捏和材料自料筒內部擠出;螺桿軸,係配置於料筒內部,用以捏和第1原料與第2原料,形成熔融狀態之捏和材料;螺桿驅動裝置,係以一定速度連續旋轉驅動螺桿軸;模部,係與料筒的擠出口連通,且具有可供自料筒的擠出口擠出之加壓狀態之捏和材料朝裝置外部擠出之擠出口;第1齒輪泵,係位於料筒的擠出口與模部的擠出口之間,將自料筒的擠出口擠出之捏和材料之一部分排出;第1排出量調整機構,係調節第1齒輪泵的旋轉驅動量而調整藉第1齒輪泵排出之捏和材料之排出量,以使料筒的擠出口之捏和材料之壓力保持一定;升壓泵,係配置於料筒的擠出口與模部之間,被以一定速度連續驅動而使捏和材料升壓,並將已被升壓的捏和材料往模部內供給;第2齒輪泵,係將供給至模部內之捏和材料之一部分從模部內排出;及 第2排出量調整機構,係調節第2齒輪泵的旋轉驅動量而調整藉第2齒輪泵排出之捏和材料之排出量,以使模部的擠出口之捏和材料之壓力保持一定;於料筒中,供給液狀之第2原料之第2原料供給口係設置於較供給第1原料之第1原料供給口位於下游側。
  2. 如申請專利範圍第1項之捏和擠出機,其中與料筒的擠出口連通之模部係設置成複數台並列,且複數個升壓泵設置成分別對應各模部。
  3. 如申請專利範圍第1或2項之捏和擠出機,其係於料筒內部配置有複數個螺桿軸,且藉由螺桿驅動裝置以一定速度連續旋轉驅動各螺桿軸。
  4. 如申請專利範圍第1或2項之捏和擠出機,其中模部自擠出口擠出捏和材料以進行直接擠出成形。
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