TWI522121B - 鋅胺基酸鹵化物漱口水 - Google Patents
鋅胺基酸鹵化物漱口水 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TWI522121B TWI522121B TW102143369A TW102143369A TWI522121B TW I522121 B TWI522121 B TW I522121B TW 102143369 A TW102143369 A TW 102143369A TW 102143369 A TW102143369 A TW 102143369A TW I522121 B TWI522121 B TW I522121B
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- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- zinc
- mouthwash
- amino acid
- weight
- acid
- Prior art date
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- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 title claims description 129
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 107
- -1 Zinc amino acid halide Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 75
- 239000002324 mouth wash Substances 0.000 title claims description 57
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 84
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 73
- 229940051866 mouthwash Drugs 0.000 claims description 53
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 47
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lysine Natural products NCCCCC(N)C(O)=O KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000004472 Lysine Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc dication Chemical compound [Zn+2] PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 210000004268 dentin Anatomy 0.000 claims description 24
- 210000003298 dental enamel Anatomy 0.000 claims description 20
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000004475 Arginine Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N arginine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CCCNC(N)=N ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 208000007565 gingivitis Diseases 0.000 claims description 10
- 210000003296 saliva Anatomy 0.000 claims description 10
- 201000002170 dentin sensitivity Diseases 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000013355 food flavoring agent Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- HFFROHHGHGDACO-JEDNCBNOSA-N [Zn].NCCCC[C@H](N)C(Cl)=O Chemical compound [Zn].NCCCC[C@H](N)C(Cl)=O HFFROHHGHGDACO-JEDNCBNOSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920006318 anionic polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004683 dihydrates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- UJNPHNKJSKIVTE-SCGRZTRASA-L zinc;(2s)-2-amino-5-(diaminomethylideneamino)pentanoate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]C(=O)[C@@H](N)CCCNC(N)=N.[O-]C(=O)[C@@H](N)CCCNC(N)=N UJNPHNKJSKIVTE-SCGRZTRASA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000010065 bacterial adhesion Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004682 monohydrates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002304 perfume Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000172 allergic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 208000010668 atopic eczema Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008376 breath freshener Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003588 lysine group Chemical group [H]N([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(N([H])[H])C(*)=O 0.000 claims description 2
- MRUAUOIMASANKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cocamidopropyl betaine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NCCC[N+](C)(C)CC([O-])=O MRUAUOIMASANKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 159000000001 potassium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 235000019605 sweet taste sensations Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 171
- 229940024606 amino acid Drugs 0.000 description 118
- 235000001014 amino acid Nutrition 0.000 description 112
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 51
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 30
- 229960003646 lysine Drugs 0.000 description 30
- 235000018977 lysine Nutrition 0.000 description 30
- KDXKERNSBIXSRK-YFKPBYRVSA-N L-lysine Chemical compound NCCCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O KDXKERNSBIXSRK-YFKPBYRVSA-N 0.000 description 29
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 28
- 239000000606 toothpaste Substances 0.000 description 28
- 229940034610 toothpaste Drugs 0.000 description 25
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 25
- PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[Na+] PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 24
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 23
- 210000005239 tubule Anatomy 0.000 description 20
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 18
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 18
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 18
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 17
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 15
- ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-BYPYZUCNSA-P L-argininium(2+) Chemical compound NC(=[NH2+])NCCC[C@H]([NH3+])C(O)=O ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-BYPYZUCNSA-P 0.000 description 14
- 235000009697 arginine Nutrition 0.000 description 14
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 14
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 12
- 239000011775 sodium fluoride Substances 0.000 description 12
- 235000013024 sodium fluoride Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- 229940041672 oral gel Drugs 0.000 description 11
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 10
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 229940083542 sodium Drugs 0.000 description 10
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 9
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycine Chemical compound NCC(O)=O DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 8
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- BVHLGVCQOALMSV-JEDNCBNOSA-N L-lysine hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.NCCCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O BVHLGVCQOALMSV-JEDNCBNOSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 229940091249 fluoride supplement Drugs 0.000 description 7
- 239000003906 humectant Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 210000000214 mouth Anatomy 0.000 description 7
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 150000003751 zinc Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 206010020751 Hypersensitivity Diseases 0.000 description 6
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229960005337 lysine hydrochloride Drugs 0.000 description 6
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical group O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J sodium diphosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 6
- 235000019818 tetrasodium diphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- DDKJKQVNNATMAD-JEDNCBNOSA-N (2s)-2,6-diaminohexanoic acid;zinc Chemical compound [Zn].NCCCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O DDKJKQVNNATMAD-JEDNCBNOSA-N 0.000 description 5
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- HNDVDQJCIGZPNO-YFKPBYRVSA-N L-histidine Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC1=CN=CN1 HNDVDQJCIGZPNO-YFKPBYRVSA-N 0.000 description 5
- XEFQLINVKFYRCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triclosan Chemical compound OC1=CC(Cl)=CC=C1OC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1Cl XEFQLINVKFYRCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229960003121 arginine Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 5
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 5
- 235000011180 diphosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OP([O-])([O-])=O BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- HNDVDQJCIGZPNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N histidine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CC1=CN=CN1 HNDVDQJCIGZPNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 5
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 229960003500 triclosan Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 239000004471 Glycine Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000004599 antimicrobial Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- CVSVTCORWBXHQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N creatine Chemical compound NC(=[NH2+])N(C)CC([O-])=O CVSVTCORWBXHQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 208000002925 dental caries Diseases 0.000 description 4
- RBLGLDWTCZMLRW-UHFFFAOYSA-K dicalcium;phosphate;dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RBLGLDWTCZMLRW-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 4
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- LOKCTEFSRHRXRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-I dipotassium trisodium dihydrogen phosphate hydrogen phosphate dichloride Chemical compound P(=O)(O)(O)[O-].[K+].P(=O)(O)([O-])[O-].[Na+].[Na+].[Cl-].[K+].[Cl-].[Na+] LOKCTEFSRHRXRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 4
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- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 4
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- NROKBHXJSPEDAR-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[K+] NROKBHXJSPEDAR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
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- XGRSAFKZAGGXJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-azaniumyl-3-cyclohexylpropanoate Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(N)C1CCCCC1 XGRSAFKZAGGXJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 208000006558 Dental Calculus Diseases 0.000 description 3
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- RHGKLRLOHDJJDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ndelta-carbamoyl-DL-ornithine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CCCNC(N)=O RHGKLRLOHDJJDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- UHVMMEOXYDMDKI-JKYCWFKZSA-L zinc;1-(5-cyanopyridin-2-yl)-3-[(1s,2s)-2-(6-fluoro-2-hydroxy-3-propanoylphenyl)cyclopropyl]urea;diacetate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C([C@H]2[C@H](C2)NC(=O)NC=2N=CC(=CC=2)C#N)=C1O UHVMMEOXYDMDKI-JKYCWFKZSA-L 0.000 description 3
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- BLCJBICVQSYOIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-diaminobutanoic acid Chemical compound CCC(N)(N)C(O)=O BLCJBICVQSYOIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
- A61K8/40—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing nitrogen
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/19—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing inorganic ingredients
- A61K8/20—Halogens; Compounds thereof
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- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
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- A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
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- A61K8/442—Aminocarboxylic acids or derivatives thereof, e.g. aminocarboxylic acids containing sulfur; Salts; Esters or N-acylated derivatives thereof substituted by amido group(s)
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- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q11/00—Preparations for care of the teeth, of the oral cavity or of dentures; Dentifrices, e.g. toothpastes; Mouth rinses
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
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Landscapes
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Description
本發明係關於一種含有鋅離子源及胺基酸的複合物之漱口水。本發明也提供製造及使用該組成物之方法。
牙齒侵蝕涉及由於從非細菌來源的酸攻擊之去礦物質化及損壞牙齒結構。侵蝕最初發現於琺琅質,且如果沒有制止,可能進行至下面的牙本質。牙齒侵蝕可能經由酸性食物及飲料、暴露在含氯的泳池水、及胃酸逆流而引起或加劇。牙釉質是帶負電荷的表面,其自然趨向於吸引帶正電荷的離子例如氫離子及鈣離子,而抵抗帶負電荷的離子例如氟離子。取決於周圍唾液的pH值,琺琅質會失去或獲得帶正電荷的離子例如鈣離子。通常唾液的pH是在7.2至7.4之間。當pH下降或氫離子的濃度變成相對高時,氫離子將取代在琺琅質中的鈣離子,形成磷酸氫(磷酸),其損害牙釉質並產生一多孔、海綿狀的粗糙表面。如果唾液長時間保持酸性,然後再礦化可能不發生,並且該齒將繼續失去礦物質,造成牙齒變弱且最終失去結構。
牙齒本質過敏性是急性、局部的牙齒疼痛,以反應暴露的牙齒本質受到經由熱(熱或冷)滲透、或熱、滲透與觸覺刺激的觸覺組合之牙齒本質表面的物理性刺激。牙齒本質的暴露,其通常是因為牙齦萎縮,或琺琅質喪失,經常導致過敏性。開放至表面的牙本質小管與牙齒本質過敏有高相關性。牙本質小管從牙髓導引至牙骨質。當牙根的表面牙骨質被侵蝕後,牙本質小管變成暴露至外面的環境。暴露的牙本質小管提供一傳輸
流體流動至牙髓神經的通道,此傳輸是經由溫度、壓力及離子梯度的變化而引發。
重金屬離子例如鋅可抵抗酸攻擊。鋅在電化學序列中高於氫,所以金屬鋅在酸性溶液中將反應而釋出氫氣且鋅進入溶液而形成二價陽離子Zn2+。鋅在牙菌斑與齲齒的研究中證明具有殺菌性質。
可溶性鋅鹽例如檸檬酸鋅,經使用於牙膏組成物中,見例如美國專利6,121,315號,但是有數個缺點。在溶液中鋅離子發出一種不愉快、澀味的口感,所以提供有效濃度的鋅,同時還具有可接受的感官特性之配方,一直難以實現。最後,鋅離子會與陰離子型表面活性劑例如月桂基硫酸鈉反應,從而干擾發泡及清潔。相反地,氧化鋅及不溶解的鋅鹽,因為其不溶解性而使得鋅至牙齒的輸送不良。
雖然先前的技藝揭示使用多種口腔組成物用於處理牙齒本質過敏性、齲齒、琺琅質侵蝕及去礦物質化,仍然需求其他組成物及方法其在這些處理中可提供改良的表現。
現經發現鋅離子與胺基酸可以形成一可溶性複合物。該複合物含有鋅與胺基酸及隨意地一陰離子及/或氧,形成一可溶性的陽離子部份,其隨後可以與鹵化物或其他陰離子形成鹽。當放在調製物中時,此複合物提供有效濃度的鋅離子至琺琅質,因而保護防止侵蝕,減少細菌定居及生物膜發展,並提供增強光澤的牙齒。而且當使用時,該調製物提供一沈澱物其可堵塞牙本質小管,因而降低牙齒的敏性。與含有不溶解的鋅鹽之調製物比較,含有鋅-胺基酸複合物的調製物可提供鋅的有效輸送,且不會展現與使用可溶性鋅鹽的傳統鋅基質口腔保健產品相關的不良味覺及口感、不良氟化物輸送、及不良發泡與清潔。
在一特定的具體實施例中,該鋅-胺基酸複合物是鋅-賴胺酸-HCl複合物,例如新穎的複合物稱為ZLC,其可以從氧化鋅與賴胺酸鹽酸鹽之混合物形成。ZLC具有化學結構[Zn(C6H14N2O2)2Cl]+Cl-,且可以存在
於陽離子性陽離子([Zn(C6H14N2O2)2Cl]+)及氯陰離子之溶液中,或可以是一固體鹽,例如晶體,隨意地在單-或二水合物形式。
本發明據此提供口腔保健組成物,例如漱口水、口腔凝膠或牙膏組成物,其含有鋅-胺基酸複合物,例如鋅-賴胺酸-氯複合物例如ZLC。該組成物可以隨意地另含氟化物源及/或一其他磷酸鹽源。該組成物可以調製成合適的口腔保健調製物例如傳統的牙膏、口腔凝膠或漱口水基質,例如含有一或多種研磨劑、表面活性劑、發泡劑、維生素、聚合物、酶、濕潤劑、增稠劑、抗微生物劑、防腐劑、矯味劑及/或著色劑。
在一特定的具體實施例中,本發明提供一漱口水其含有鋅-賴胺酸複合物例如鋅-賴胺酸-氯複合物例如ZLC。
本發明還提供使用本發明組成物以降低或抑制琺琅質的酸侵蝕、清潔牙齒、減少細菌產生的生物膜及牙菌斑、減少牙齦炎、抑制蛀牙和形成空洞、降低牙本質過敏性的方法,其包括將本發明之組成物施用至牙齒。
本發明還提供製造本發明組成物之方法,其包括結合鋅離子源(例如ZnO)、胺基酸(例如鹼性胺基酸例如精胺酸或賴胺酸)、及隨意地鹵化物源,例如結合氧化鋅與賴胺酸鹽酸鹽於水溶液中,例如在Zn:胺基酸之莫耳比例是1:1至1:3,例如1:2且Zn:存在的鹵化物是1:1至1:3,例如1:2;隨意地分離是固體之據此形成的離子複合物;並與漱口水基質混合。
從下文中提供的詳細描述,本發明的其他應用領域將變得顯而易見。但應當理解的是,這些詳細描述和具體實例雖然指示本發明的較佳具體實施例,是僅供說明之目的,而並非旨在限制本發明的範圍。
以下較佳之具體實施例之說明,在本質上僅為舉例,而非在限制本發明、其應用或用途。
在第一個具體實施例中,本發明因此提供一漱口水(組成物1),其在與胺基酸的複合物中含有鋅;例如
1.1 組成物1其中該胺基酸是選自賴胺酸、甘胺酸及精胺酸,在自由態或口腔可接受的加成鹽形式例如鹽酸鹽形式。
1.2 組成物1或1.1其中該胺基酸是鹼性胺基酸例如精胺酸或賴胺酸,在自由態或口腔可接受的鹽形式。
1.3 任何前述組成物另外含有與鋅及胺基酸離子結合之鹵化物。
1.4 任何前述組成物其中Zn:胺基酸之莫耳比例是從3:1至1:5例如約1:2且Zn:存在的鹵化物之莫耳比例是從3:1至1:3例如約1:2。
1.5 任何前述組成物其中鋅-胺基酸複合物是全部或部份在施用組成物後當場形成。
1.6 任何前述組成物其中鋅-胺基酸複合物是全部或部份在調製組成物後當場形成。
1.7 任何前述組成物,其中該胺基酸是賴胺酸。
1.8 任何前述組成物,其中鋅的存在量是0.05至10%的組成物重量,隨意地至少0.1、至少0.2、至少0.3、至少0.4、至少0.5、至少1、至少2、至少3、或至少4直到10%的組成物重量,例如約0.5-3%,例如約2-2.7重量%。
1.9 任何前述組成物,其中胺基酸的存在量是0.05至30%的組成物重量,隨意地至少0.1、至少0.2、至少0.3、至少0.4、至少0.5、至少1、至少2、至少3、至少4、至少5、至少10、至少15、至少20直到30重量%,例如約1-10重量%。
1.10 任何前述組成物,其中鋅對胺基酸之莫耳比例是2:1至1:4,隨意地是1:1至1:4、1:2至1:4、1:3至1:4、2:1至1:3、2:1至1:2、或2:1至1:1,例如約1:2或1:3。
1.11 任何前述組成物含有與鋅及胺基酸在離子結合之鹵化物,其中該鹵化物是選自氟、氯及其混合物。
1.12 任何前述組成物,其中鋅胺基酸複合物是鋅賴胺酸氯複合物(例如(ZnLys2Cl)+Cl-或(ZnLys3)2+Cl2)或鋅精胺酸氯複合物。
1.13 任何前述組成物,其中鋅胺基酸複合物是鋅賴胺酸氯複合物例如ZLC,例如具有化學結構[Zn(C6H14N2O2)2Cl]+Cl-之鋅賴胺酸氯複合物,不論是在陽離子性陽離子([Zn(C6H14N2O2)2Cl]+)及氯陰離子之溶液中,或在固體鹽形式例如晶體形式,隨意地在單-或二水合物形式。
1.14 任何前述組成物,其在調製物中實質上是透明,但當稀釋時變成渾濁。
1.15 任何前述組成物,其中鋅胺基酸複合物是以有效量存在,例如量是0.1至4%的鋅重量,例如約0.1-1%的鋅重量。
1.16 任何前述組成物另外含有有效量的氟離子源,例如提供50至3000ppm氟離子。
1.17 任何前述組成物另外含有有效量的氟離子,例如其中該氟化物是鹽選自氟化錫、氟化鈉、氟化鉀、單氟磷酸鈉、氟矽酸鈉、氟矽酸銨、氟化胺(例如N’-十八烷基三亞甲基二胺-N,N,N’-參(2-乙醇)-二氫氟)、氟化銨、氟化鈦、六氟硫酸鹽及其混合物。
1.18 任何前述組成物其含有有效量的一或多種鹼金屬磷酸鹽例如鈉、鉀或鈣鹽,例如選自鹼金屬二元磷酸鹽及鹼金屬焦磷酸鹽,例如鹼金屬磷酸鹽選自磷酸氫二鈉、磷酸氫二鉀、磷酸二鈣二水合物、焦磷酸鈣、焦磷酸四鈉、焦磷酸四鉀、三聚磷酸鈉、及任何二或多種這些之混合物,例如量是1-20%,例如2-8%,例如約5%的組成物重量。
1.19 任何前述組成物其含有緩衝劑,例如磷酸鈉緩衝液(例如磷酸二氫鈉及磷酸氫二鈉)。
1.20 任何前述組成物其含有濕潤劑,例如選自甘油、山梨糖醇、丙二醇、聚乙二醇、木糖醇及其混合物,例如含有至少20%,例如20-40%、例如25-35%甘油。
1.21 任何前述組成物其含有一或多種表面活性劑,例如選自陰離子、陽離子、兩性離子及非離子型表面活性劑及其混合物,例如含有陰離子型表面活性劑,例如一表面活性劑選自月桂基硫酸鈉、十二烷基聚氧乙醚硫酸鈉其混合物,例如含量是從約0.3%至約4.5重量%,例如1-2%月桂基硫酸鈉(SLS);及/或兩性離子型表面活性劑,例如甜菜鹼表面活性劑,例如椰油醯胺丙基甜菜鹼,例如含量是從約0.1%至約4.5重量%,例如0.5-2%椰油醯胺丙基甜菜鹼。
1.22 任何前述組成物其含還有黏度修飾量的一或多種多醣膠,例如黃原膠或角叉菜膠、矽膠增稠劑、及其組合。
1.23 任何前述組成物其含還有調味料、香料及/或著色劑。
1.24 任何前述組成物其含有有效量的一或多種抗菌劑,例如含有抗菌劑選自鹵代聯苯醚(例如三氯生(triclosan))、草藥提取物及精油(例如迷迭香萃取物、茶葉萃取物、木蘭萃取物、麝香草酚、薄荷醇、桉油醇、香葉醇、香芹酚、檸檬醛、扁柏酚、兒茶酚、水楊酸甲酯、表兒茶素沒食子酸酯、沒食子兒茶素、沒食子酸、刷牙樹萃取物、沙棘萃取物)、雙胍防腐劑(例如氯己定、阿來西定或奧替尼啶)、季銨化合物(例如氯化十六烷基吡啶(CPC)、苯扎氯銨、十四烷基氯化吡啶(TPC)、N-十四烷基-4-乙基氯化吡啶(TDEPC))、酚類防腐劑、海克替啶、奧替尼啶、血根鹼、聚維酮碘、地莫匹醇、賽力氟(salifluor)、金屬離子(例如鋅鹽,例如檸檬酸鋅、亞錫鹽、銅鹽、鐵鹽)、血根鹼、蜂膠及充氧劑(例如過氧化氫、緩衝化的過氧硼酸鈉或過氧碳酸酯)、鄰苯二甲酸及其鹽、單過氧苯二甲酸及其鹽和酯、抗壞血酸硬脂酸酯、油醯基肌胺酸、烷基硫酸鹽、二辛基磺基琥珀酸鈉、水楊醯苯胺、度米芬、地莫匹醇、辛哌醇及其他哌啶基衍生物、乳酸鏈球菌素製劑、亞氯酸鹽;及任何上述之混合物;例如包含三氯生或氯化十六烷基吡啶。
1.25 任何前述組成物其含有抗菌有效量之三氯生,例如0.1-0.5%,例如約0.3%。
1.26 任何前述組成物其含還有美白劑,例如選自過氧化物、金屬亞氯酸鹽、過硼酸鹽、過碳酸鹽、過氧酸、次氯酸鹽及其組合。
1.27 任何前述組成物其含還有過氧化氫或過氧化氫源例如過氧化尿素或過氧化物鹽或複合物(例如過氧磷酸鹽、過氧碳酸鹽、過硼酸鹽、過氧矽酸鹽或過硫酸鹽;例如過氧磷酸鈣、過硼酸鈉、過氧碳酸鈉、過氧磷酸鈉、及過硫酸鉀)。
1.28 任何前述組成物其含還有藥劑其可干擾或預防細菌附著,例如對羥基苯甲酸乙酯或殼聚醣。
1.29 任何前述組成物其含還有鈣及磷酸鹽源其選自(i)鈣-玻璃複合物例如磷矽酸鈣鈉,及(ii)鈣-蛋白質複合物例如酪蛋白磷酸肽-無定形鈣磷複合物。
1.30 任何前述組成物其含還有可溶性鈣鹽例如選自硫酸鈣、氯化鈣、硝酸鈣、醋酸鈣、乳酸鈣及其組合。
1.31 任何前述組成物其含還有生理或口腔可接受的鉀鹽例如硝酸鉀或氯化鉀,在有效量以降低牙本質敏感性。
1.32 任何前述組成物其含還有陰離子型聚合物例如合成的陰離子型聚合性聚羧酸酯,例如其中該陰離子型聚合物是選自馬來酸酐或酸與另一可聚合的乙烯系不飽和單體之1:4至4:1共聚物;例如其中該陰離子型聚合物是甲基乙烯基醚/馬來酸酐(PVM/MA)共聚物其平均分子量(M.W.)是約30,000至約1,000,000,例如約300,000至約800,000,例如其中該陰離子型聚合物是約1-5%,例如約2%的組成物重量。
1.33 任何前述組成物其含還有口氣清新劑、香料或調味料。
1.34 任何前述組成物,其中組成物之pH是大約中性,例如從pH 6至pH 8,例如約pH 7。
1.35 任何前述組成物其中該胺基酸是賴胺酸且該鋅及賴胺酸形成具有化學結構[Zn(C6H14N2O2)2Cl]+Cl-之鋅-賴胺酸-氯複合物,其量是提供0.5-2%,例如約1重量%的鋅,該組成物還含有溼潤劑,例如山梨糖醇、丙二醇及其混合物,例如量是10-25%,例如約15-20%,非離子型表面活性劑例如泊洛沙姆,其量是0.1-1%,及甜味劑、調味劑及水,例如含下列之漱口水
1.36 任何前述組成物用於降低或抑制琺琅質的酸侵蝕、清潔牙齒、減少細菌產生的生物膜及牙斑菌、減少牙齦炎、抑制蛀牙及形成腔洞、降低牙本質過敏性。
本發明還提供降低或抑制琺琅質的酸侵蝕、清潔牙齒、減少細菌產生的生物膜及牙斑菌、減少牙齦炎、抑制蛀牙及形成腔洞、及降低牙本質過敏性之方法,其包括施用有效量本發明組成物例如任何組成物1等至牙齒。
例如,本發明還提供降低或抑制琺琅質的酸侵蝕、清潔牙齒、減少細菌產生的生物膜及牙斑菌、減少牙齦炎、抑制蛀牙及形成腔洞、及降低牙本質過敏性之方法,其包括施用有效量本發明組成物例如任何組成物1等至牙齒,然後用足夠的水或水溶液清洗以觸發氧化鋅從組成物沈澱。
本發明還提供製造一口腔保健組成物之方法,其含有鋅胺基酸複合物例如任何組成物1等,包括混合鋅離子源與胺基酸,在自由態或鹽形式(例如混合氧化鋅與賴胺酸鹽酸鹽)在水性介質中,隨意地分離在固體鹽形式之如此形成的複合物,並將混合物與漱口水基質混合。
例如,在多個具體實施例中,本發明提供(i)降低牙本質過敏性、(ii)減少牙斑菌聚集、(iii)減少或抑制牙齒去礦物質化及促進再礦物質化、(iv)抑制在口腔形成微生物生物膜、(v)減少或抑制牙齦炎、(vi)促進口腔內瘡或傷口的癒合、(vii)降低產生酸的細菌量、(viii)提高的非致齲性及/或非斑塊形成的細菌之相對量、(ix)減少或抑制齲齒的形成、(x)減少、修復或抑制琺琅質的齲前傷害,例如藉由定量光引發的螢光(QLF)或電齲齒測量(ECM)的偵測、(xi)治療、緩解或減輕口乾、(xii)清潔牙齒和口腔、(xiii)減少侵蝕、(xiv)美白牙齒、(xv)減少牙石堆積、及/或(xvi)促進全身健康,包括心血管健康,例如經由降低經口腔組織引起的全身感染,包括施用上述任何組成物1等至對其有需要的人之口腔,例如每天一或多次。本發明還提供組成物1等用於任何這些方法中。
在部份具體實施例中,本發明提供一含有鋅胺基酸鹵化物之漱口水。在部份具體實施例中,該鋅胺基酸鹵化物是從前驅物形成。在
部份具體實施例中,該前驅物是鋅離子源、胺基酸源、及鹵化物源,其中該鹵化物源可以是鋅離子源、胺基酸源、或氫鹵酸之一部份。
在部份具體實施例中,該胺基酸是選自賴胺酸、甘胺酸及精胺酸,在自由態或口腔可接受的酸加成鹽形式。在部份具體實施例中,該胺基酸是一鹼性胺基酸,在自由態或口腔可接受的酸加成鹽形式。
在部份具體實施例中,該漱口水含有從約0.05%至約4重量%鋅。任何前述的漱口水其中鋅是溶解在調製物中,但使用及用唾液稀釋及/或清洗時提供鋅沉澱物。在其他具體實施例中,該鋅離子源及胺基酸源形成鋅賴胺酸氯複合物或鋅精胺酸氯複合物。
在部份具體實施例中,該鋅胺基酸複合物是具有化學結構[Zn(C6H14N2O2)2Cl]+Cl-之鋅賴胺酸氯複合物,不論是在陽離子性陽離子([Zn(C6H14N2O2)2Cl]+)及氯陰離子之溶液中,或在固體鹽形式例如晶體形式,隨意地在單-或二水合物形式。
部份具體實施例還包含有效量的氟離子源。
其他具體實施例包含口腔可接受的基質包括成份選自一或多種的緩衝劑、濕潤劑、表面活性劑、增稠劑、口氣清新劑、調味劑、香料、著色劑、抗菌劑、美白劑、干擾或防止細菌附著的藥劑、鈣源、磷源、口腔可接受的鉀鹽、及陰離子型聚合物。
在部份具體實施例中,該漱口水的pH是從pH 4至pH 8。
在其他具體實施例中,該胺基酸是賴胺酸,使得鋅與賴胺酸形成具有化學結構[Zn(C6H14N2O2)2Cl]+Cl-之鋅賴胺酸氯複合物,其量是提供0.5-2%漱口水重量的鋅,該漱口水還含有10-25重量%的濕潤劑、0.1-1重量%的非離子型表面活性劑、及甜味劑、調味劑、及水。
部份具體實施例提供一漱口水用於降低或抑制琺琅質的酸侵蝕、清潔牙齒、減少細菌產生的生物膜及牙斑菌、減少牙齦炎、抑制蛀牙及形成腔洞、及/或降低牙本質過敏性。
在部份具體實施例中,該鋅胺基酸鹵化物對水的重量比例是從約1:6至約1:1。在部份具體實施例中,該鋅胺基酸鹵化物對水的重量比例是從約1:5至約1:2。在部份具體實施例中,該鋅胺基酸鹵化物對水的重量比例是從約1:4。
部份具體實施例提供鋅胺基酸鹵化物用於生產漱口水之用途。其他具體實施例提供降低或抑制琺琅質的酸侵蝕、清潔牙齒、減少細菌產生的生物膜及牙斑菌、減少牙齦炎、抑制蛀牙及形成腔洞、及/或降低牙本質過敏性之方法,包括施用本文陳述之漱口水。其他具體實施例提供的方法還包括用足量的水或水溶液清洗以引發氧化鋅從漱口水沈澱之步驟。
本發明還提供鋅及胺基酸製造含有鋅胺基酸複合物的口腔保健組成物之用途。
本發明還提供鋅胺基酸複合物之用途,例如一鋅胺基酸鹵化物,例如一鋅-賴胺酸-氯複合物,用於降低或抑制琺琅質的酸侵蝕、清潔牙齒、減少細菌產生的生物膜及牙斑菌、減少牙齦炎、抑制蛀牙及形成腔洞、及/或降低牙本質過敏性。
不希望受限於理論,感信鋅胺基酸鹵化物的形成是經由形成鋅鹵化物,隨後配位胺基酸在中心鋅的周圍。使用ZnO與賴胺酸鹽酸鹽在水中的反應作為實例,鋅可以與賴胺酸及/或賴胺酸HCl反應以形成Zn-賴胺酸-氯複合物(ZnLys3Cl2)之透明溶液,其中Zn++是位於赤道平面分別從兩個賴胺酸的羧酸及胺基的兩個氧及兩個氮原子配位之八面體。
在另一具體實施例中,鋅陽離子是與兩個胺基酸基及兩個氯基複合。例如,在胺基酸是賴胺酸時,該複合物具有式[Zn(C6H14N2O2)2Cl]+Cl-。在此複合物中,Zn陽離子是在赤道平面經由兩個賴胺酸基與從NH2基的兩個N原子及從羧基的O原子配位。其展現一扭曲的四方錐幾何其中Cl-原子佔據頂端位置。此新穎的結構產生一正陽離子部份,其結合Cl-陰離子而形成一離子鹽。
鋅與胺基酸的其他複合物是可能,且確實的形式是部份取決於前驅化合物之莫耳比例,例如,如果鹵化物有限,可能形成無鹵化物之複合物例如ZnOLys2,具有金字塔的幾何形狀,具有赤道平面相同於上述化合物(Zn是結合至從不同賴胺酸之兩個氧及兩個氮原子),其中金字塔的頂端是由O原子佔據。
複合物之混合物及/或其他複合物結構,例如涉及基於鋅結構之多個鋅離子,是可能且包含在本發明之範圍內。當複合物是在固體形
式時,其可以形成晶體,例如在水合化的形式。
但是不管複合物或複合物群之確實結構,鋅與胺基酸之相互作用將不溶解的氧化鋅或鋅鹽在約中性pH轉化成高度溶解性的複合物。但是,增加在水中的溶解,複合物解離,且鋅離子轉化成不溶解的氧化鋅。這種動態是意想不到的-通常離子性的組合物在較高的稀釋下變得更可溶,而不是更少-且在唾液的存在及清洗下,這促進在施用後的鋅沉澱物沉積在牙齒上。此沈澱堵塞牙本質小管,因而減少過敏性,並且還提供鋅至琺琅質,其降低酸的侵蝕、生物膜及牙菌斑的形成。
可以理解的是,其它胺基酸可以用來代替在前述方案中的賴胺酸。還應當理解的是,雖然鋅、胺基酸及隨意的鹵化物可以主要在前驅物的形式,或者是離子複合物的形式,其有可能是某種程度的平衡,使得物質實際上在複合物中的比例與在前體物形式的比例可能取決於配方、物質的濃度、pH、存在或不存在水、存在或不存在其它帶電分子等的精確條件而變化。
該活性成分可被經由任何口腔保健調製物的形式輸送,例如牙膏、凝膠、漱口水、粉末、膏、帶、膠、或此項技藝中的任何其他已知者。
如果該活性成分是以漱口水的形式輸送,個人渴望的益處是用原液及經由唾液自然稀釋的原液引發鋅的沈澱。或者是,可以將原液與適當量的水性稀釋劑混合,並用混合物清洗。
在另一具體實施例中,該混合物是製備並立即轉移到保留托盤中,例如在保存美白凝膠中使用者,並且該人可以佩戴托盤一段有效的期間。與混合物接觸的牙齒將被處理。利用保留托盤使用時,混合物可以是在低黏度液體或膠體之形式。
在另一具體實施例中,原液或原液與水之混合物是在膠體調製物之形式施用至牙齒,例如其中該膠體可以長時間停留在牙齒上供有效處理。
在另一具體實施例中,該活性成份是在牙膏中提供。刷牙時,該活性成份經由唾液及水稀釋,導致沈澱並形成沈積及堵塞性粒子。
從調製物沈澱的速率可以經由調整複合物在原液中的濃度,並改變原液對水的比例而調節。更稀釋的配方導致更快的沈澱且據此較佳於當需要快速處理。
本發明之口腔保健組成物有許多益處。經由在口腔中提供鋅離子及可釋放鋅離子的含鋅化合物,本發明之口腔保健組成物提供抗微生物、抗牙斑、抗牙齦炎、抗惡臭、防齲、及抗牙結石的益處。堵塞性粒子及表面沈積物是含鋅(特別是ZnO)的化合物、以及其他鋅衍生物,其可以釋放鋅離子至口腔並提供上述已確認的各種益處。其他益處包括但不限於抗附著、抗牙周炎、抗骨質流失、以及促進傷口癒合。
第二個好處是鋅離子的抗侵蝕性質,其經由氧化及水解而在牙齒表面上形成抗侵蝕的沈積物。該表面沈積物,以及堵塞性粒子,可與酸反應及中和,因而保護牙齒表面防止酸的侵蝕效應。關於此點,導致更多的表面沈積/堵塞之處理,該處理更有效,且因此鋅-精胺酸及鋅-賴胺酸較佳。還要指出當表面沈積物及堵塞性粒子中和酸時,可以釋放有益的鋅離子及胺基酸(下文),提供抗侵蝕之外的口腔保健益處。
第三個益處是堵塞結果之抗敏性效益。堵塞牙本質小管導致敏性降低。
第四個益處是與胺基酸相關的益處。堵塞性粒子及表面沈積物含有對應的胺基酸,例如精胺酸及賴胺酸。這些胺基酸提供多重益處。例如,鹼性胺基酸導致牙斑菌有較高的pH且可提供防齲益處。
該組成物可以含有鋅胺基酸鹵化物及/或其前驅物。前驅物,其可當場與水反應而形成鋅胺基酸鹵化物,包括(i)鋅及胺基酸氫鹵酸、或(ii)氯化鋅及胺基酸、或(iii)鋅離子源、胺基酸、及氫鹵酸、或(iv)(i)、(ii)及/或(iii)之組合。在一具體實施例中,該鋅胺基酸鹵化物可以在室溫下經由在溶液例如水中混合前驅物而製備。當場形成提供調製之容易性。可以使用前驅物代替需要先形成鋅胺基酸鹵化物。在另一具體實施例中,水容許組成物施用後從與唾液及/或清洗水接觸的前驅物形成鋅胺基酸鹵化物。
該鋅胺基酸鹵化物是從鋅的氫鹵酸加成鹽(例如氯化鋅)及胺基酸或從胺基酸的氫鹵酸加成鹽(例如賴胺酸鹽酸鹽)及鋅離子源、及/或從全部三種氫鹵酸、胺基酸及鋅離子源之組合形成的水溶性的複合物。
胺基酸的實例包括但不限於常見天然的胺基酸,例如賴胺酸、精胺酸、組胺酸、甘胺酸、絲胺酸、蘇胺酸、天冬醯胺、谷胺醯胺、半胱胺酸、硒代半胱胺酸、脯胺酸、丙胺酸、纈胺酸、異亮胺酸、亮胺酸、甲硫胺酸、苯丙胺酸、酪胺酸、色胺酸、天冬胺酸、及谷胺酸。在部份具體實施例中,該胺基酸是一天然或酸性胺基酸,例如甘胺酸。
從以下實例可以看出,經水稀釋時鋅從複合物沉澱在當複合物是從鹼性胺基酸形成時最顯著。據此,其中需要經稀釋而沈澱時,鹼性胺基酸較佳。因此在部份具體實施例中,該胺基酸是一鹼性胺基酸。「鹼性胺基酸」係指天然產生的鹼性胺基酸,例如精胺酸、賴胺酸及組胺酸、以及在分子中具有一羧基及一胺基的任何鹼性胺基酸,其係水溶性且提供pH約7或更高的水溶液。據此,鹼性胺基酸包括但不限於精胺酸、賴胺酸、瓜胺酸、鳥胺酸、肌酸、組胺酸、二胺基丁酸、二胺基丙酸、其鹽或其組合。在部份具體實施例中,該胺基酸是賴胺酸。在其他具體實施例中,該胺基酸是精胺酸。
該鹵化物可以是氯、溴、或碘,最通常氯。胺基酸與氫鹵酸(例如HCl、HBr或HI)之酸加成鹽在文中有時係指胺基酸氫鹵酸。據此一胺基酸氫鹵酸的實例是賴胺酸鹽酸鹽。另一是甘胺酸鹽酸鹽。
與胺基酸鹵化物或胺基酸隨意地加上氫鹵酸組合的鋅離子源,在此情形中可以是例如氧化鋅或氯化鋅。
在某些具體實施例中,鋅胺基酸鹵化物在組成物中的量是0.05至30%的組成物重量。在某些具體實施例中,前驅物例如鋅及胺基酸氫鹵酸的存在量是當混合成鋅胺基酸鹵化物時,鋅胺基酸鹵化物的存在量是0.05至10%的組成物重量。在這些具體實施例中,鋅胺基酸鹵化物的量可以根據所要之目的而改變,例如作為牙膏或漱口水。在其他具體實施例中,鋅胺基酸鹵化物的量是至少0.1、至少0.2、至少0.3、至少0.4、至少0.5、至少1、至少2、至少3、或至少4直到10%的組成物重量。在其他具體實施例中,鋅胺基酸鹵化物的量是小於9、小於8、小於7、小於6、小於5、小於4、小於3、小於2、小於1、小於0.5至0.05%的組成物重量。在其他具體實施例中,該量是0.05至5%、0.05至4%、0.05至3%、0.05
至2%、0.1至5%、0.1至4%、0.1至3%、0.1至2%、0.5至5%、0.5至4%、0.5至3%或0.5至2%的組成物重量。
在某些具體實施例中,鋅的存在量是0.01至10%的組成物重量。在其他具體實施例中,鋅的量是至少0.1、至少0.2、至少0.3、至少0.4、至少0.5、至少1、至少2、至少3、或至少4直到10%的組成物重量。在其他具體實施例中,鋅的量是小於9、小於8、小於7、小於6、小於5、小於4、小於3、小於2、小於1、小於0.5至0.05%的組成物重量。在其他具體實施例中,該量是0.05至5%、0.05至4%、0.05至3%、0.05至2%、0.1至5%、0.1至4%、0.1至3%、0.1至2%、0.5至5%、0.5至4%、0.5至3%或0.5至2%的組成物重量。
在某些具體實施例中,胺基酸氫鹵酸的存在量是0.05至30重量%。在其他具體實施例中,該量是至少0.1、至少0.2、至少0.3、至少0.4、至少0.5、至少1、至少2、至少3、至少4、至少5、至少10、至少15、至少20直到30重量%。在其他具體實施例中,該量是小於30、小於25、小於20、小於15、小於10、小於5、小於4、小於3、小於2、或小於1至0.05%的組成物重量。
當前驅物存在時,其較佳存在大約生產所要的鋅胺基酸鹵化物所需的莫耳比例,雖然在某些調製物中可能需要過量的其中一種物質,例如用以平衡pH對抗另一調製物成份、提供額外的抗菌鋅、或提供胺基酸緩衝液。但是,鹵化物的量較佳加以限制,因為約束鹵化物的量些許有助於鋅與胺基酸之間的相互作用。
在部份具體實施例中,鋅在組成物中的總量是0.05至8%的組成物重量。在其他具體實施例中,鋅的總量是至少0.1、至少0.2、至少0.3、至少0.4、至少0.5、或至少1直到8%的組成物重量。在其他具體實施例中,鋅在組成物中的總量是小於5、小於4、小於3、小於2、或小於1至0.05%的組成物重量。
在某些具體實施例中,鋅對胺基酸的莫耳比例是至少2:1。在其他具體實施例中,該莫耳比例是至少1:1、至少1:2、至少1:3、至少1:4、2:1至1:4、1:1至1:4、1:2至1:4、1:3至1:4、2:1至1:3、2:1至1:2、2:1至1:1、或1:3。高於1:4,預期鋅將完全溶解。
在某些具體實施例中,該組成物是無水。無水在此係指少於5重量%的水,隨意地少於4、少於3、少於2、少於1、少於0.5、少於0.1至0重量%的水。
當提供一無水組成物時,前驅物例如TBZC及胺基酸氫鹵酸,將不會明顯反應而形成鋅胺基酸鹵化物。當與足量的水接觸時,其可以是在唾液及/或在施用組成物期間或之後用於清洗嘴的水之形式,該前驅物將隨後反應而形成鋅胺基酸鹵化物,然後進一步稀釋時,將提供含鋅的沈澱物至牙齒。
載劑代表在組成物中的鋅胺基酸鹵化物複合物或其前驅物之外的全部其他物質。載劑的量是隨後經由添加胺基酸鹵化物包括前驅物的重量使到達100%的量。
活性劑:本發明組成物可以包含多種藥劑其具有活性以保護和加強琺琅質的強度及完整性及牙齒結構及/或降低細菌及相關的齲齒及/或齒齦疾病,包含或添加鋅-胺基酸-鹵化物複合物。在本文中使用的活性成份之有效濃度將取決於特定藥劑及使用的輸送系統。據了解,例如牙膏在使用時通常用水稀釋,而嗽口水通常不會。因此,活性成份在牙膏中的有效濃度通常為5-15倍高於漱口水所需。該濃度也將取決於選擇的確切鹽或聚合物。例如,在活性藥劑是以鹽的形式提供時,抗衡離子將影響鹽的重量,因此如果抗衡離子較重,將需求更高重量的鹽以在最終產品中提供相同濃度的活性離子。當存在精胺酸時,可以存在的量是從例如約0.1至約20重量%(以自由態鹼的重量表示),例如約1至約10重量%的消費者牙膏或約7至約20重量%的專業或處方處理產品。當氟化物存在時,可以存在的量是從例如約25至約25,000ppm,例如約750至約2,000ppm對於消費者牙膏或約2,000至約25,000ppm對於專業或處方處理產品。抗菌劑的量將類似地變化,在牙膏中的使用量是例如約5至約15倍高於在漱口水中使用。例如,三氯生牙膏可能含有約0.3重量%的三氯生。
氟離子源:該口腔保健組成物可以還包含一或多種氟離子源,例如可溶性氟化物鹽。多種產生氟離子的物質可以在本發明組成物中作為可溶性氟的來源。合適的產生氟離子的物質之實例是見於頒給Briner et al.的U.S.Pat.No.3,535,421、頒給Parran,Jr.et al.的U.S.Pat.No.4,885,155
及頒給Widder et al.之U.S.Pat.No.3,678,154。代表性氟離子源包括但不限於氟化亞錫、氟化鈉、氟化鉀、單氟磷酸鈉、氟矽酸鈉、氟矽酸銨、氟化胺、氟化銨、以及其組合物。在某些具體實施例中,該氟離子源包括氟化亞錫、氟化鈉、單氟磷酸鈉、以及其組合物。在某些具體實施例中,本發明之口腔保健組成物也可以含有氟離子源或提供氟的成份其量是足以提供約25ppm至約25,000ppm的氟離子,通常至少約500ppm,例如約500至約2000ppm,例如約1000至約1600ppm,例如約1450ppm。特定量的氟將取決於特定的應用。一般消費者使用的牙膏通常有約1000至約1500ppm,兒童牙膏含較低的量。一種專業用的牙粉或塗料最高含有約5,000或甚至約25,000ppm的氟。在一個具體實施例中,氟離子源可以在約0.01重量%至約10重量%的量添加至本發明組成物中,或約0.03重量%至約5重量%,且在另一個具體實施例中,約0.1重量%至約15重量%的組成物。提供適當量的氟離子之氟化物鹽的重量,明顯將根據鹽中抗衡離子的重量而變化。
胺基酸:在部份具體實施例中,本發明組成物含有一胺基酸。在特定的具體實施例中,該胺基酸可以是一鹼性胺基酸。「鹼性胺基酸」係指天然發生的胺基酸,例如精胺酸、賴胺酸及組胺酸,以及在分子中含有一羧基及一胺基的任何鹼性胺基酸,其係水溶性並提供pH約7或更大的水溶液。據此,鹼性胺基酸包括但不限於精胺酸、賴胺酸、瓜胺酸、鳥胺酸、肌酸、組胺酸、二胺基丁酸、二胺基丙酸、其鹽或其組合物。在一特定的具體實施例中,該鹼性胺基酸是選自精胺酸、瓜胺酸、及鳥胺酸。在某些具體實施例中,該鹼性胺基酸是精胺酸,例如I-精胺酸或其鹽。
在多個具體實施例中,該胺基酸的存在量是約0.5重量%至約20重量%的總組成物重量,約0.5重量%至約10重量%的總組成物重量,例如約1.5重量%、約3.75重量%、約5重量%或約7.5重量%的總組成物重量在牙膏之情形,或例如約0.5-2重量%例如1%在漱口水之情形。
泡沫劑:本發明之口腔保健組成物也可以包含一藥劑當口腔刷牙時以增加泡沫的產生量。增加泡沫量的藥劑之說明實例包括但不限於聚氧乙烯及某些聚合物包括但不限於藻酸鹽聚合物。該聚氧乙烯可以增加本發明之口腔保健組成物產生的泡沫量及泡沫厚度。聚氧乙烯也通常稱
為聚乙二醇(“PEG”)或聚環氧乙烷。合適於本發明之聚氧乙烯將具有分子量約200,000至約7,000,000。在一個具體實施例中,該分子量將是約600,000至約2,000,000,且在另一個具體實施例中,該分子量將是約800,000至約1,000,000。Polyox®是Union Carbide生產的高分子量聚氧乙烯之商標名稱。該聚氧乙烯可以存在的量是約1%至約90%,在一個具體實施例中約5%至約50%,且在另一個具體實施例中約10%至約20%的本發明口腔保健組成物之口腔保健載劑成份重量。當存在時,該泡沫劑在口腔保健組成物中的量(也就是單一劑量)是約0.01至約0.9重量%,約0.05至約0.5重量%,且在另一個具體實施例中約0.1至約0.2重量%。
表面活性劑:可用於本發明之組成物可以含有陰離子型表面活性劑,例如:i.高碳脂肪酸單甘油酯單硫酸鹽之水溶性鹽,例如氫化椰子油脂肪酸的單硫酸化單甘油之鈉鹽例如N-甲基-N-椰油醯基酒石酸鈉、椰子單甘油酯硫酸鈉,ii.高碳烷基硫酸鹽,例如月桂基硫酸鈉,iii.高碳烷基-醚硫酸鹽,例如式CH3(CH2)mCH2(OCH2CH2)nOSO3X,其中m是6-16例如10,n是1-6例如2、3或4,且X是Na或K,例如十二烷基醚-2硫酸鈉(CH3(CH2)10CH2(OCH2CH2)2OSO3Na),iv.高碳烷基芳基磺酸鹽例如十二烷基苯磺酸鈉(月桂基苯磺酸鈉),v.高碳烷基磺基醋酸鹽例如月桂基磺基醋酸鈉(十二烷基磺基醋酸鈉)、1,2-二羥基丙磺酸酯之高碳脂肪酸酯、磺基月桂酸鹽(N-2-乙基月桂酸鉀磺基乙醯胺)及月桂基肌胺酸鈉。
「高碳烷基」係指例如C6-30烷基。在特定具體實施例中,該陰離子型表面活性劑是選自月桂基硫酸鈉及醚月桂基硫酸鈉。該陰離子型表面活性劑可以存在的量是有效例如>0.01%的調製物重量,但不是在一濃度其會刺激口腔組織例如<10%,且最適濃度取決於特定的調製物及特定的表面活性劑。例如,用於漱口水的濃度通常是用於牙膏的十分之一。在一個具體實施例中,該陰離子型表面活性劑存在於牙膏中是從約0.3%至約4.5重量%,例如約1.5%。本發明組成物可以隨意地含有表面活性劑之混合物,例如含有陰離子型表面活性劑及其他表面活性劑其可以是陰離子
型、陽離子型、兩性離子型或非離子型。通常,表面活性劑是彼等其在廣大的pH範圍是合理地安定。表面活性劑更充分地陳述在例如頒給Agricola et al.之U.S.Pat.No.3,959,458、頒給Haefele之U.S.Pat.No.3,937,807及頒給Gieske et al之U.S.Pat.No.4,051,234。在某些具體實施例中,可以在本文使用的陰離子型表面活性劑包括在烷基中含有約10至約18個碳原子之烷基硫酸酯的水溶性鹽及含有約10至約18個碳原子之脂肪酸的磺酸化單甘油的水溶性鹽。此種陰離子型表面活性劑的實例是月桂基硫酸鈉、月桂醯基肌胺酸鈉及椰子單甘油酯磺酸鈉。在一特定具體實施例中,本發明組成物例如組成物1等含有月桂基硫酸鈉。
表面活性劑或相容的表面活性劑之混合物在本發明組成物中可以存在約0.1%至約5.0%,在另一個具體實施例中是約0.3%至約3.0%,且在另一個具體實施例中是約0.5%至約2.0%的總組成物重量。
牙石控制劑:在本發明之多個具體實施例中,該組成物含有抗牙結石(牙石控制)劑。合適的抗牙結石劑包括但不限於磷酸鹽及多磷酸鹽(例如焦磷酸鹽)、多胺基丙磺酸(AMPS)、六偏磷酸鹽、檸檬酸鋅三水合物、多肽、聚烯烴磺酸酯、聚烯烴磷酸鹽、二膦酸鹽。本發明據此可含有磷酸鹽。在特定的具體實施例中,這些鹽類是鹼金屬磷酸鹽,也就是鹼金屬氫氧化物或鹼土金屬氫氧化物之鹽類,例如鈉、鉀或鈣鹽。在本文中使用的「磷酸鹽」包括口腔可接受的單-及多磷酸鹽,例如P1-6磷酸鹽,例如單體磷酸鹽例如單元、二元或三元磷酸鹽;二聚體磷酸鹽例如焦磷酸鹽;及多聚體磷酸鹽例如六偏磷酸鈉。在特定的實例中,選擇的磷酸鹽是選自鹼金屬二元磷酸鹽及鹼金屬焦磷酸鹽,例如選自磷酸氫二鈉、磷酸氫二鉀、磷酸二鈣二水合物、焦磷酸鈣、焦磷酸四鈉、焦磷酸四鉀、三聚磷酸鈉及任何二或多種這些之混合物。在一特定的具體實施例中,例如該組成物含有焦磷酸四鈉(Na4P2O7)、焦磷酸鈣(Ca2P2O7)、及磷酸氫二鈉(Na2HPO4)之混合物,其量是約3-4%的磷酸氫二鈉及約0.2-1%的各焦磷酸鹽。在另一具體實施例中,該組成物含有焦磷酸四鈉(TSPP)及三聚磷酸鈉(STPP)(Na5P3O10)之混合物,例如在比例是TSPP在約1-2%且STPP在約7%至約10%。此磷酸鹽是在有效量提供以降低琺瑯質的侵蝕、幫助清潔牙
齒、及/或減少牙石積聚在牙齒上,例如量是2-20%,例如約5-15%的組成物重量。
調味劑:本發明之口腔保健組成物也可以含有調味劑。可以在實施本發明時使用的調味劑包括但不限於精油以及各種調味醛、酯、醇以及類似的物質。精油之實例包括留蘭香、薄荷、冬青、黃樟、丁香、鼠尾草、桉樹、甘牛至草、肉桂、檸檬、酸橙、柚子、及柳橙的油。也可以使用化學物質例如薄荷醇、香芹酮及茴香腦。某些具體實施例使用薄荷和留蘭香的油。該調味劑可以在濃度約0.1至約5重量%例如約0.5至約1.5重量%摻混至口腔組成物中。
聚合物:本發明之口腔保健組成物也可以含有其他聚合物以調整調製物的黏性或增加其他成份的溶解度。此其他聚合物包括聚乙二醇、多醣(例如纖維素衍生物,例如羧甲基纖維素,或多醣膠,例如黃原膠或角叉菜膠)。酸性聚合物例如聚丙烯酸酯膠,可以在其自由態酸或部份或完全中和化的水溶性鹼金屬(例如鉀及鈉)或銨鹽的形式提供。
可以存在二氧化矽增稠劑,其在水性介質中形成聚合物的結構或膠體。注意,這些二氧化矽增稠劑在物理上及功能上是不同於也存在組合物中的顆粒狀二氧化矽研磨劑,此二氧化矽增稠劑是非常細碎並提供很少或沒有研磨作用。其他增稠劑是羧乙烯基聚合物、角叉菜膠、羥乙基纖維素及纖維素醚例如羧甲基纖維素鈉及羧甲基羥乙基纖維素鈉的水溶性鹽。也可以摻混天然樹膠例如刺梧桐樹膠、阿拉伯膠、及黃蓍膠。也可以使用膠態矽酸鎂鋁作為增稠化組成物之成份以進一步改善組成的質感。在某些具體實施例中,增稠劑的使用量是約0.5%至約5.0%的總組成物重量。
本發明之組成物可以含有陰離子型聚合物,例如量是從約0.05至約5%。此藥劑是一般已知用於牙膏,雖然沒有對此特定的應用,在本發明中可以使用者是揭示在U.S.Pat.Nos.5,188,821及5,192,531,並包括合成的陰離子型聚合性聚羧酸酯,例如馬來酸酐或酸與其他可聚合的乙烯系不飽和單體之1:4至4:1共聚物,較佳是分子量(M.W.)約30,000至約1,000,000的甲基乙烯基醚/馬來酸酐,最佳是約300,000至約800,000。這些共聚物可以得自例如Gantrez,例如AN 139(M.W.500,000)、AN 119(M.W.250,000)及較佳的S-97 Pharmaceutical Grade(M.W.700,000)得自ISP
Technologies,Inc.,Bound Brook,N.J.08805。這些增強劑當存在時,其存在量是從約0.05至約3重量%。其他可操作的聚合物包括彼等例如馬來酸酐與丙烯酸乙酯、甲基丙烯酸羥基乙酯、N-乙烯基-2-吡咯烷酮或乙烯之1:1共聚物,後者可以得自例如Monsanto EMA No.1103,M.W.10,000及EMA Grade 61,及丙烯酸與甲基丙烯酸甲酯或羥基乙酯、丙烯酸甲酯或乙酯、異丁基乙烯基醚或N-乙烯基-2-吡咯烷酮之1:1共聚物。一般合適的是聚合的烯烴或烯系不飽和羧酸含有一活化的碳-碳烯烴雙鍵及至少一個羧基,也就是含烯烴雙鍵的酸其功能容易聚合,因為其在單體分子中是在相對於羧基的α-β位置或作為末端亞甲基的一部分。此種酸的說明實例是丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、乙基丙烯酸、α-氯代丙烯酸、巴豆酸、β-丙烯氧基丙酸、山梨酸、α-氯代山梨酸、肉桂酸、β-苯乙烯基丙烯酸、粘康酸、衣康酸、檸康酸、中康酸、戊烯二酸、烏頭酸、α-苯基丙烯酸、2-芐基丙烯酸、2-環己基丙烯酸、當歸酸、繖形酸、富馬酸、馬來酸及酸酐。可以和這些羧酸單體共聚合的其他不同烯烴單體包括醋酸乙烯酯、氯乙烯、馬來酸二甲酯等。共聚物包含足夠的羧酸鹽基供水溶性。另一種聚合性藥劑包括含有經取代的丙烯醯胺的均聚物及/或不飽和的磺酸及其鹽類的均聚物之組成物,特別是其中聚合物是基於不飽和的磺酸選自丙烯醯胺基烷基磺酸例如分子量約1,000至約2,000,000的2-丙烯醯胺2-甲基丙磺酸,陳述在1989黏6月27日頒給Zahid的U.S.Pat.No.4,842,847。另一類可以使用的聚合性藥劑包括含有陰離子表面活性胺基酸比例例如天冬胺酸、谷胺酸及磷酸絲胺酸的聚胺基酸,例如陳述在U.S.Pat.No.4,866,161 Sikes et al.。
水:該口腔組成物可包含足量的水。用於製備商用口腔組成物所使用的水必須是去離子化且不含有機雜質。水在組成物中的量包含加入的自由態水以及隨著其他物質被導入的量。
溼潤劑:在該口腔組成物的某些具體實施例中,也需要加入溼潤劑以防止組成物暴露至空氣後硬化。某些溼潤劑也可以賦予牙膏組成物所要的甜味或味道。合適的溼潤劑包括可食用的多元醇例如甘油、山梨糖醇、木糖醇、乙二醇以及其他多元醇類及這些溼潤劑之混合物。在本發明的一個具體實施例中,主要的溼潤劑是甘油,其可以存在大於25%,例如25-35%約30%,及5%或更少的其他溼潤劑。
其他隨意的成份:除了上述成份之外,本發明的具體實施例可以含有多種隨意的牙膏成份,其中部份陳述於下文。隨意的成份包括例如但不限於黏合劑、起泡劑、調味劑、增甜劑、另外的抗牙斑劑、研磨劑及著色劑。這些及其他隨意的成份是進一步陳述於頒給Majeti之U.S.Pat.No.5,004,597、頒給Agricola et al.之U.S.Pat.No.3,959,458及頒給Haefele之U.S.Pat.No.3,937,807,全都併於本文供參考。
除非另有說明,在本說明書中給定的組成物組分的所有百分數都是以100%的總組成物或調製物重量為準。
除非另有說明,在本發明組成物及調製物的成分較佳是化妝品可接受的成分。「化妝品可接受」係指合適在調製物中使用供局部應用在人類皮膚上。一種化妝品可接受賦形劑,例如是一種賦形劑其合適外部應用於設想的本發明製劑的量及濃度,且包括例如賦形劑其係經由美國食品藥物局「一般認為是安全的」(GRAS)。
本文提供的組成物及調製物是參照其成份而陳述及權利要求,如同在本領域常用的。將是顯而易見於本領域之技術人員,各成分可以在一些情況下相互反應,使得最終調製物的真實組成物可能與列出的成分不完全一致。據此,應理解本發明延伸到所列出的各組分組合之產品。
正如在全文中使用的,範圍是用於簡略描述該值在該範圍內的每一個值。在範圍內的任何值可以被選作該範圍的終點。此外,本文引用的所有參考文獻是全文引用的方式併入本文供參考。在本揭示中的定義和所引用的參考有衝突時,是由本文的陳述控制。
除非另有說明,本文及在本說明書別處中的所有百分數和量應該理解是指重量百分比。提出的量是以物質的重量為準。
形成ZLC的一般反應如下:ZnO+2(賴胺酸.HCl)-›[Zn(賴胺酸)2Cl]Cl.2H2O(ZLC)
在室溫下攪拌約12小時,製備2:1莫耳比例之ZnO:賴胺酸.HCl懸浮液。將混合物離心。將1毫升上清液轉移至NMR管內。然後將NMR管放
入填入乙醇之密封試管內供結晶成長。經1週後發現數個無色、立方晶體。經由單晶X-光繞射測定ZLC晶體之晶體結構。此複合物分子之尺寸是1.7毫微米*7.8毫微米*4.3毫微米。在此複合物中,Zn陽離子是配位兩個賴胺酸配體,從NH2基的兩個N原子及從羧酸的O原子是在赤道平面。其顯示一個扭曲的四方錐幾何形狀,一個Cl原子佔據頂端位置。此新穎的結構產生一正陽離子部分,Cl陰離子與其結合而形成一離子鹽。
實驗室大規模合成純的ZLC粉末:將2莫耳賴胺酸.HCl溶解在1000毫升去離子水中並在室溫下攪拌,在攪拌下緩慢加入1莫耳固體ZnO至賴胺酸.HCl溶液中並在室溫持續攪拌過夜(約12小時)。將懸浮溶液在高速下離心15分鐘。將上清液緩慢倒入EtOH中。立即形成沈澱。需要5-8毫升EtOH以得到1克粉末。將EtOH溶劑及粉末過濾,得到灰色粉末。將粉末放在50℃烤爐中乾燥並得到88%產量的產物。PXRD證實ZLC粉末之純度相當於ZLC晶體。
ZLC粉末也可以經由噴霧乾燥ZLC溶液而獲得。
根據表1所示的成份,調製含有NaF、ZLC、ZnCl2及ZnO作為活性成份的四個500克漱口水批次。此研究之目的是比較含有不同活性成份的樣本之清晰度。藉由TurbiScan®分散液安定性分析儀測量,經由光穿透溶液之百分比評估渾濁度。穿透百分比越高,組成物更透明。據此,較小的穿透百分比建議該溶液是更渾濁。經由ICP(感應耦合電漿)分析,得到ZLC溶液之鋅離子濃度是25300ppm,其相當於約17重量%的ZLC活性成份在溶液中。將在全部批次中的鋅離子濃度控制至相同也就是1.01重量%。在四個批次中,含有ZnO作為活性成份之樣本顯現牛奶白,0%穿透,而其他三個樣本是透明如去離子水(表2)。
稀釋實驗:將原先漱口水批次稀釋成2倍、4倍、8倍、16倍及32倍。全部溶液製備並充分搖動後進行渾濁度測量。樣本之渾濁度數據是顯示在表3、4、5及6,分別對於含NaF、ZLC、ZnCl2及ZnO的漱口水稀釋液。ZLC漱口水樣本稀釋時觀察到沈澱,但是其他樣本之渾濁度沒有改變。
老化實驗:將稀釋的ZLC漱口水樣本放在37℃的烤爐中歷經週末(約60小時)進行安定性研究。結果顯示在表7。可以在從4倍稀釋開始觀察到沈澱。最大量的沈澱是發現在16倍稀釋。但是原始的批次即使精60小時仍然沒有顯現沈澱。
與使用ZnCl2及ZnO的漱口水批次比較,只有使用ZLC作為活性成份的調製物可以形成透明、安定的溶液但當稀釋時產生沈澱。此ZLC漱口水調製物具有中性pH且在37℃是安定。該ZLC提供漱口水調製物其在貨架上是安定但沈澱在稀釋溶液中。經由稀釋的不溶解沈澱物之此調製物容許在牙本質小管中形成「堵塞」,提供益處於過敏性。
前述實例使用ZLC作為活性成份的漱口水調製物不僅與含有NaF作為活性成份的現有商業化漱口水有競爭性的清晰度,當經由水稀釋時也展現沈澱能力。此獨特的性質促成抗敏性及抗蛀牙效應,因此有益於使用ZLC在牙膏產品中。
調製使用ZLC作為活性成份的口腔凝膠牙膏並與含有ZnCl2、ZnO及NaF的調製物比較。只有ZLC調製物顯示與目前含NaF的凝膠相有競爭力的清晰度。也藉由水解反應研究以調查ZLC凝膠相的沈澱
性質,提供證明當用含ZLC活性成份的牙膏刷牙時,刷牙期間形成的不溶解粒子可以穿透進入牙本質小管中並堵塞小管而導致抗敏性效應並傳訊給消費者。
根據表8所示的成份,調製含有NaF(對照組)、ZLC、ZnCl2及ZnO作為活性成份的四個500.0克凝膠相批次。比較含有不同活性成份的樣本之清晰度,並經由稀釋而評估ZLC凝膠相之沈澱特性。經由ICP得到在ZLC溶液中的鋅離子濃度是25300ppm,其得到溶液中約17重量%的ZLC活性成份。在下面批次中的鋅離子濃度全部都是在0.5%(重量/重量)鋅含量下製備。
使用Lambda 25 UV/VIS光譜儀(PerkinElmer)得到全部樣本之吸收資料以便比較不同活性成份的凝膠相之間的清晰度。吸收是光通過基質倍吸收的量之對數量值。因為在凝膠中的粒子吸收光,溶液中存在越多的粒子,更多的光被粒子吸收。據此,少量吸收的凝膠表示更高的清晰度。在610毫微米的光源波長下使用去離子(DI)水作為空白溶液以校正吸收。ZnO不溶解並懸浮在凝膠相中導致高吸收。即使ZnCl2是溶於水,含有ZnCl2的凝膠相顯示渾濁。只有用ZLC調製的凝膠相形成均勻的溶液並顯現如用NaF調製的凝膠相之有競爭力的清晰度。全部樣本的吸收及pH是顯示在表9。
稀釋實驗:將全部原始凝膠相批次稀釋成2倍、4倍、8倍、16倍及32倍。在NaF凝膠、ZnCl2凝膠、及ZnO凝膠進一步稀釋後其吸收下降,且進一步稀釋的ZLC凝膠溶液之吸收上升。此觀察證實當ZLC凝膠經水稀釋時形成沈澱。經2倍、4倍、8倍、16倍及32倍稀釋的ZLC凝膠溶液之pH分別是7.71、7.91、8.03、8.12及8.14。
上述凝膠可以單獨或在含有凝膠相及研磨膏相的牙膏中使用。ZLC在牙膏調製物的凝膠相作為活性成份。與經由ZnCl2及ZnO調製的凝膠相批次比較,只有用ZLC作為活性成份的調製物顯現有競爭力的清晰度且pH如同在商業化使用的產品(NaF作為活性成份)。稀釋實驗顯示只有ZLC凝膠相可以從透明的凝膠當其被稀釋時形成不溶解的沈澱物。經由稀釋形成不溶解的沈澱物促成在使用此種牙膏後在牙本質小管中形成「堵塞」,而且其在消費者使用期間提供白色沈澱物訊息。
與沒有ZLC的口腔凝膠比較,測量含ZLC的口腔凝膠之牙本質堵塞對於潛在的抗過敏性益處。使用一Flodec儀器測量流經牙本質小管的流體。使用Pashley細胞方法(例如Pashley DH,O’Meara JA,Kepler EE,et al.Dentin permeability effects of desensitizing dentifrices in vitro.J Periodontol.1984;55(9):522-525),根據S.Mello之用於測量口腔清洗調製物的牙本質小管之步驟。在10分鐘間隔,使用吸管在牙本質盤上施以400微升樣本之兩次10分鐘處理。各處理後,用磷酸鹽緩衝化的鹽水(PBS)清洗盤子並使用FLODEC裝置測量流動,其係追蹤毛細管內的半月板位置以測量體積之少量變化。表11顯示含ZLC的口腔凝膠之平均流動及樣本施用後的流動下降百分比。
表12顯示沒有ZLC的口腔凝膠(對照組)之平均流動及樣本施用後的流動下降百分比。
使用FLODEC裝置在試管內導水率模式中,與不含ZLC的口腔凝膠(對照組)比較,含ZLC的口腔凝膠顯現定向更佳的表現。
製備ZLC之不同稀釋液以評估其產生可見的沈澱物及/或絮凝之功效,其可以當場輸送至口腔表面上或牙開口內,例如開放的小管。
經由1)使0.5莫耳ZnO粉末與1莫耳賴胺酸HCl在1升水中在室溫反應約2小時,製備ZLC之純溶液,及2)經由離心收集上清液並用0.45微米膜過濾。該純溶液之鋅濃度式2.39重量%,且pH是約7.03。
經由混合純溶液與去離子水而進行稀釋實驗。純溶液稀釋2倍、4倍、6倍、7倍、8倍、10倍、12倍、16倍、20倍、24倍、28倍及32倍,分別相當於原始鋅濃度之1.20%、0.598%、0.398%、0.341%、0.299%、0.239%、0.199%、0.149%、0.120%、0.0996%、0.0854%、0.0747
重量%。將稀釋的樣本保存在37℃,並監測發生凝絮/沈澱的速率。原始鋅濃度之0.149%及0.199%之稀釋在當原液與水混合後開始的30分鐘內產生部份可見的凝絮。混合後1小時,在原始鋅濃度之0.0854%及0.239%之間的稀釋觀察到可見的凝絮。混合後1.5小時,在原始鋅濃度之0.0747%及0.239%之間的稀釋觀察到可見的凝絮。混合後2小時,在原始鋅濃度之0.299%的其他樣本顯示存在凝絮。總計19小時後,除了原始鋅濃度之1.20%之外,在全部的樣本可以觀察到凝絮及/或沈澱,且在原始鋅濃度之0.0747%及0.239%之間者顯現最多的沈澱物。
最終稀釋的樣本之pH值是合適於口腔保健應用。原始鋅濃度之0.0747%、0.0854%、0.0996%、0.120%、0.149%、0.199%及0.239重量%之樣本分別具有最終pH值是7.99、8.13、8.11、7.97、7.99、6.80及6.70。這些pH值是在5.5至10之範圍內,其定義用於口腔保健調製物之合適範圍。
存在於沈澱物中的鋅主要是氧化鋅的形式。賴胺酸是作為其完整的成份及/或作為雜質而存在於沈澱物中。
在可見的沈澱物可以形成之條件下,共聚焦影像證明ZLC在牙本質表面上產生表面沈積及阻塞小管開口之功效。
使用人類牙本質切片及實例5之純溶液進行沈積/阻塞測試。經由切割人類牙齒成為厚度約800微米的薄牙質部分而製備牙本質切片,選擇一測試面,使用600目砂紙打磨所述的測試面,使用Buehler拋光布及5微米Buehler氧化鋁拋光所述的測試面,在1%(重量)檸檬酸溶液中酸蝕所述的牙本質切片經約20秒,超音波處理所述的牙本質切片經10分鐘,並儲存所述的牙本質切片於磷酸鹽緩衝化的鹽水(PBS,pH 7.4)中。
處理時,用水將純溶液稀釋16倍,得到原始鋅濃度約0.149重量%之處理溶液。將牙本質切片浸在37℃的處理溶液中經1小時。然後將處理後的牙本質切片從處理溶液移出,並清洗4次,各次用1毫升PBS。然後使用紙質組織將牙本質切片乾燥並同時在XYZ及XYZ模式的共聚焦顯微鏡下檢視。後續處理是在相同方式下進行。
經由共聚焦成像可以觀察漸進式沉積及阻塞。第一次處理導致明顯的沉積。第二次處理導致完全表面覆蓋,包括阻塞實質上全部的牙小管開口。表面沈積物的厚度可以是10微米或更高。第三次處理後,觀察到完全表面覆蓋及完全阻塞牙小管開口。表面沈積物的厚度可以是25微米或更高。該沈積物賦予白色至牙本質表面。
該表面沈積物提供許多益處,包括彼等通常與鋅及賴胺酸相關者,以及經由沈積物中和化腐蝕性酸而保護防止侵蝕,經由阻塞牙小管而保護防止敏性,及由於逐漸從沈積物釋放鋅及賴胺酸而控制性釋放活性成份,特別是在酸的挑戰。
在沒有觀察到可見的沈澱物之條件下,共聚焦影像證明ZLC在牙本質表面上產生表面沈積及阻塞小管開口之功效。
根據實例6製備之牙本質切片,使用原始鋅濃度的0.0747重量%之ZLC稀釋液重複處理。各處理涉及32毫升的稀釋溶液(1毫升存實例5的純溶液及31毫升去離子水)並在37℃持續10分鐘,在此期間,經由肉眼沒有觀察到沈澱。各處理後在共聚焦顯微鏡下檢視牙本質切片。經4次連續處理後,觀察到明顯的表面沈積物。經12次連續處理後,觀察到完全表面覆蓋且沒有留下牙小管開口存在的訊號。
因此,表面沈積及牙小管阻塞可以在稀釋率及處理期間的條件下發生,其不會產生可見的沉澱。
含有鋅-賴胺酸、1450ppm氟化物及磷酸鹽之測試牙膏是製備如下:
儘管本發明已經陳述包括進行本發明的較佳模式之具體實施例,從事此項領域的技術人員將理解上面陳述的系統及技術有眾多的變化及排列組合。應當理解的是,其他具體實施例可以被利用,並且可以進行結構及功能的修改,而不脫離本發明的精神和範圍。因此,本發明的範圍應當被廣義地解釋為闡述在所附的申請專利書中。
Claims (17)
- 一種漱口水,其含有可溶性鋅-胺基酸-鹵化物複合物,其中該胺基酸選自自由態或口腔可接受鹽形式之精胺酸或賴胺酸。
- 根據請求項1之漱口水,其中該鋅胺基酸鹵化物是從前驅物形成。
- 根據請求項2之漱口水,其中該前驅物是鋅離子源、胺基酸源及鹵化物源。
- 根據請求項3之漱口水,其中該鹵化物源可以是鋅離子源、胺基酸源或氫鹵酸的一部份。
- 根據請求項1之漱口水,其中該鋅的量是0.05-4重量%。
- 根據請求項1之漱口水,其中該鋅是溶解在調製物中,但是當使用並以唾液稀釋及/或清洗時提供鋅沈澱物。
- 根據請求項3之漱口水,其中該鋅離子源及胺基酸源形成一鋅賴胺酸氯複合物或鋅精胺酸氯複合物。
- 根據請求項1之漱口水,其中該鋅胺基酸鹵化物是具有化學結構[Zn(C6H14N2O2)2Cl]+ Cl-之鋅賴胺酸氯複合物,不論是在陽離子性陽離子([Zn(C6H14N2O2)2Cl]+)及氯陰離子之溶液中,或以一固體鹽形式,隨意地以單-或二水合物形式。
- 根據請求項1之漱口水,還包含有效量的氟離子源。
- 根據請求項1之漱口水,其包括含選自下列一或多種成份之口腔可接受的基質:緩衝劑、濕潤劑、表面活性劑、增稠劑、口氣清新劑、調味劑、香料、著色劑、抗菌劑、美白劑、干擾或防止細菌附著的藥劑、鈣源、磷酸鹽源、口腔可接受的鉀鹽、及陰離子型聚合物。
- 根據請求項1之漱口水,其中該漱口水之pH是從pH 4至pH 8。
- 根據請求項1之漱口水,其中該胺基酸是賴胺酸,如此該鋅及賴胺酸形成具有化學結構[Zn(C6H14N2O2)2Cl]+ Cl-之鋅賴胺酸氯複合物,其含量是提供0.5-2%漱口水重量的鋅,該漱口水還含有10-25重量%的溼潤劑、0.1-1重量%的非離子型表面活性劑、及甜味劑、調味劑及水。
- 根據請求項1之漱口水,其進一步包含椰油醯胺丙基甜菜鹼。
- 根據請求項1-13中任一項之漱口水,用於降低或抑制琺琅質的酸侵蝕、清潔牙齒、減少細菌產生的生物膜及牙斑菌、減少牙齦炎、抑制蛀牙及形成腔洞、及/或降低牙本質過敏性。
- 根據請求項1-13中任一項之漱口水,其中該鋅胺基酸鹵化物對水的重量比例是從約1:6至約1:1。
- 一種根據請求項1-15中任一項所述之鋅胺基酸鹵化物用於生產漱口水之用途。
- 根據請求項16之用途,其中該漱口水可用於處理或降低琺琅質的酸侵蝕、清潔牙齒、減少細菌產生的生物膜及牙斑菌、減少牙齦炎、抑制蛀牙及形成腔洞、及/或降低牙本質過敏性。
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KR20150097494A (ko) | 2012-12-19 | 2015-08-26 | 콜게이트-파아므올리브캄파니 | 4 염기성 아연 아미노산 할로겐화물 착물을 포함하는 구강 관리 제품 |
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ZA201503806B (en) | 2017-07-26 |
RU2015123751A (ru) | 2017-02-02 |
KR20150097551A (ko) | 2015-08-26 |
US9980890B2 (en) | 2018-05-29 |
MX353019B (es) | 2017-12-18 |
WO2014098822A1 (en) | 2014-06-26 |
EP2934447A1 (en) | 2015-10-28 |
CA2892413A1 (en) | 2014-06-26 |
HK1216013A1 (zh) | 2016-10-07 |
EP2934447B1 (en) | 2017-07-26 |
IL239425A0 (en) | 2015-07-30 |
TW201434489A (zh) | 2014-09-16 |
CN104853724B (zh) | 2018-07-24 |
PH12015501437A1 (en) | 2015-09-14 |
CN104853724A (zh) | 2015-08-19 |
US20180243193A1 (en) | 2018-08-30 |
AU2012397263A1 (en) | 2015-06-18 |
US10524995B2 (en) | 2020-01-07 |
BR112015014899A2 (pt) | 2017-07-11 |
AU2012397263B2 (en) | 2015-09-24 |
US20150335554A1 (en) | 2015-11-26 |
RU2648513C2 (ru) | 2018-03-26 |
BR112015014899B1 (pt) | 2019-05-14 |
MX2015007874A (es) | 2015-09-28 |
CA2892413C (en) | 2019-09-17 |
PH12015501437B1 (en) | 2015-09-14 |
AR094195A1 (es) | 2015-07-15 |
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