TWI517288B - 裝載埠、晶圓處理系統、操作一晶圓處理系統之方法 - Google Patents
裝載埠、晶圓處理系統、操作一晶圓處理系統之方法 Download PDFInfo
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- TWI517288B TWI517288B TW102140631A TW102140631A TWI517288B TW I517288 B TWI517288 B TW I517288B TW 102140631 A TW102140631 A TW 102140631A TW 102140631 A TW102140631 A TW 102140631A TW I517288 B TWI517288 B TW I517288B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 71
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 title claims description 52
- 235000012431 wafers Nutrition 0.000 claims description 159
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 63
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 57
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 53
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 10
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
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- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 11
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- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
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- 238000001312 dry etching Methods 0.000 description 2
- QPJSUIGXIBEQAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(2,4-dichloro-5-propan-2-yloxyphenyl)acetamide Chemical compound CC(C)OC1=CC(NC(C)=O)=C(Cl)C=C1Cl QPJSUIGXIBEQAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- AEKQSKMDHTXRIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N N.[H]N([H])F Chemical compound N.[H]N([H])F AEKQSKMDHTXRIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
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- TXEYQDLBPFQVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)F TXEYQDLBPFQVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FAQYAMRNWDIXMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloroborane Chemical compound ClB(Cl)Cl FAQYAMRNWDIXMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Description
本發明是有關於一種裝載埠,特別是有關於一種晶圓處理系統。
被使用去成型半導體裝置之處理晶圓包括有數個蝕刻及清洗過程,以將半導體裝置之特徵成型於晶圓之上。蝕刻製程涵蓋有直接從晶圓之材料的移除。蝕刻製程會留下在清洗製程中被移除之殘留材料。在一蝕刻製程與一清洗製程間之一間隔中,來自於周圍大氣之水氣會與殘留材料反應,並且會形成造成晶圓損壞之化合物。舉例來說,在利用四氟化碳(CF4)做為蝕刻劑之一蝕刻製程中,殘留材料可以具有氟矽銨((NH4)2SiF6)。氟矽銨會與水氣反應而產生氨(NH3)及氫氟酸(HF)。氨(NH3)及氫氟酸(HF)將會移除來自於晶圓之材料以及成型於晶圓上之層。
為了降低殘留材料之衝擊,晶圓是從蝕刻製程轉移至一中間製程,此中間製程係利用氮氣去降低圍繞蝕刻晶圓之水氣含量。較低之水氣含量會減小在殘留材料與造成損害化合物間之反應的機會。然而,被需要去轉移晶圓至中間製程之時間會增加半導體裝置之生產時間。在一些情況之中,在中間
製程與清洗製程間之一時間是足夠長去允許在大氣中之水氣含量增加至損害化合物被成型於晶圓之一表面上之一點,其會導致晶圓之損壞以及可能使得晶圓無法使用。
本發明基本上採用如下所詳述之特徵以為了要解決上述之問題。
本發明之一實施例提供一種裝載埠,其包括一殼體;複數個站,係被界定於該殼體之中,用以接收一前開口通用盒;以及一連接器,係用以接收一惰性氣體,其中,該等站之至少一個係從該連接器傳遞該惰性氣體至該前開口通用盒,以淨化該前開口通用盒之內部中之水氣。
根據上述之實施例,該惰性氣體係為氮氣。
根據上述之實施例,該裝載埠更包括一噴嘴,係設置於該等站之至少一個之中,其中,該噴嘴係傳送該惰性氣體至該前開口通用盒之中。
根據上述之實施例,該裝載埠更包括一控制器,係用以控制該噴嘴,以調節該惰性氣體之流量。
根據上述之實施例,每一站係傳遞該惰性氣體至該前開口通用盒。
本發明之另一實施例提供一種晶圓處理系統,其包括:一第一裝載埠,包括一第一殼體;複數個第一站,係被界定於該第一殼體之中,用以接收一前開口通用盒;以及一第一連接器,係用以接收一惰性氣體,其中,該等第一站之至少一個係從該第一連接器傳遞該惰性氣體至該前開口通用盒,以
淨化該前開口通用盒之內部中之水氣;一蝕刻室,係用以執行一蝕刻製程於一晶圓之上;一第二裝載埠,包括一第二殼體;複數個第二站,係被界定於該第二殼體之中,用以接收該前開口通用盒;以及一第二連接器,係用以接收該惰性氣體,其中,該等第二站之至少一個係從該第二連接器傳遞該惰性氣體至該前開口通用盒,以淨化該前開口通用盒之內部中之水氣;以及一清洗室,係用以執行一清洗製程於該晶圓之上。
根據上述之實施例,該惰性氣體係為氮氣。
根據上述之實施例,該晶圓處理系統更包括:一第一微型儲存器,包括一第三殼體;複數個第三站,係被界定於該第三殼體之中,用以接收該前開口通用盒;以及一第二微型儲存器,包括一第四殼體;複數個第四站,係被界定於該第四殼體之中,用以接收該前開口通用盒;以及一第三連接器,係用以接收該惰性氣體,其中,該等第四站之至少一個係從該第三連接器傳遞該惰性氣體至該前開口通用盒,以淨化該前開口通用盒之內部中之水氣。
根據上述之實施例,該等第一站之至少一個、該等第二站之至少一個以及該等第四站之至少一個皆包括一噴嘴,以及每一噴嘴係調節流至該前開口通用盒中之該惰性氣體之流量。
根據上述之實施例,該晶圓處理系統更包括一控制器,係用以控制每一噴嘴,以調節流至該前開口通用盒中之該惰性氣體之流量。
根據上述之實施例,該蝕刻室係執行一乾蝕刻製
程。
根據上述之實施例,該清洗室係執行一濕清洗製程。
本發明之又一實施例提供一種操作一晶圓處理系統之方法,其包括:蝕刻一批次之晶圓;轉移該批次之晶圓之至少一部分至位於一第一裝載埠中之一第一前開口通用盒;當該第一前開口通用盒係位於該第一裝載埠之中時,以一惰性氣體淨化該第一前開口通用盒之內部;傳送該第一前開口通用盒至一第二裝載埠;監測淨化之一經過時間;當該經過時間超過一門檻時間時,再次淨化該第一前開口通用盒之內部;以及清洗該批次之晶圓。
根據上述之實施例,該批次之晶圓之該至少一部分係小於該批次之晶圓之一全部。
根據上述之實施例,操作一晶圓處理系統之方法更包括:轉移該批次之晶圓之一剩餘部分到至少一額外的前開口通用盒之中;以及對於該至少一額外的前開口通用盒之每一個,重複該淨化步驟、該傳送步驟、該監測步驟以及該再次淨化步驟。
根據上述之實施例,操作一晶圓處理系統之方法更包括:接在該清洗步驟之後,結合該批次之晶圓之該至少一部分與該批次之晶圓之該剩餘部分。
根據上述之實施例,傳送該第一前開口通用盒至該第二裝載埠之步驟包括:傳送該第一前開口通用盒至一微型儲存器,其中,當該經過時間超過該門檻時間時,該微型儲存
器係執行該再次淨化之步驟;以及從該微型儲存器轉移該第一前開口通用盒至該第二裝載埠,其中,當該經過時間超過該門檻時間時,該第二裝載埠係執行該再次淨化之步驟。
根據上述之實施例,操作一晶圓處理系統之方法更包括:從該第二裝載埠傳送一空的前開口通用盒至一微型儲存器,其中,該微型儲存器係轉移該空的前開口通用盒至該第一裝載埠。
根據上述之實施例,蝕刻該批次之晶圓之步驟包括:執行一乾蝕刻製程。
根據上述之實施例,清洗該批次之晶圓之步驟包括:執行一濕清洗製程。
為使本發明之上述目的、特徵和優點能更明顯易懂,下文特舉較佳實施例並配合所附圖式做詳細說明。
100、201a、201b‧‧‧裝載埠
102‧‧‧殼體
103‧‧‧支撐板
104、104a、104b、104d‧‧‧站
105‧‧‧導引壁
106‧‧‧噴嘴
108‧‧‧氣體供應器
110、202、202a、202b、202c、202d‧‧‧前開口通用盒
112‧‧‧閥
114、212‧‧‧控制器
200‧‧‧晶圓處理系統
202、204‧‧‧蝕刻室
206、208‧‧‧微型儲存器
210‧‧‧清洗室
302‧‧‧輸入/輸出介面
304‧‧‧匯流排
306‧‧‧硬體處理器
308‧‧‧非短暫電腦可讀取儲存媒體
309‧‧‧電腦程式碼
310‧‧‧更新時間參數
312‧‧‧經過時間參數
314‧‧‧前開口通用盒位置參數
320‧‧‧網路介面
350‧‧‧網路
第1圖係顯示根據一或多個實施例之一前開口通用盒之一裝載埠之立體示意圖;第2圖係顯示根據一或多個實施例之用於蝕刻及清洗晶圓之一晶圓處理系統之示意圖;第3A圖係顯示根據一或多個實施例之用於控制器之電腦系統之方塊圖;第3B圖係顯示根據一或多個實施例之用於決定何時執行一淨化製程之一控制器之運作之流程圖;以及第4圖係顯示根據一或多個實施例之使用第2圖之系統之
方法之流程圖。
茲配合圖式說明本發明之較佳實施例。
有關本發明之前述及其他技術內容、特點與功效,在以下配合參考圖式之一較佳實施例的詳細說明中,將可清楚的呈現。以下實施例中所提到的方向用語,例如:上、下、左、右、前或後等,僅是參考附加圖式的方向。因此,使用的方向用語是用來說明並非用來限制本發明。
第1圖係一裝載埠100之立體示意圖。裝載埠100包括有一殼體102以及複數個站104。殼體102具有一支撐板103。每一個站104係容納一前開口通用盒(FOUP)110,如此一來,前開口通用盒(FOUP)110是位於支撐板103之上。每一個站104包括有複數個導引壁105。導引壁105係用於促進前開口通用盒(FOUP)110之精確放置。每一個站104亦包括有一噴嘴106。噴嘴106是與前開口通用盒110卡合。前開口通用盒110具有一閥112去與噴嘴106連接。在一些實施例之中,少於每一個站104具有噴嘴106。裝載埠100亦包括有一氣體供應器108及一控制器114。
殼體102是用以提供對於前開口通用盒110之結構支撐。殼體102亦可有助於保護位於站104處之前開口通用盒110及噴嘴106免於遭受外部元件之損壞。殼體102包括有支撐板103。在一些實施例之中,殼體102包括有圍繞著支撐板103之壁(未顯示)。在包括壁之一些實施例之中,殼體102具有面對一裝置之一開放側邊,而來自於裝載埠100之晶圓是被載入至
該裝置之中。
每一個站104是用於接收前開口通用盒110。站104具有升起於支撐板103上之複數個導引壁105,以導引前開口通用盒110之放置。在一些實施例之中,站104具有凹入至支撐板103中之複數個導引壁105,以導引前開口通用盒110之放置。在一些實施例之中,導引壁105是被省略,以使得站104具有殼體102之一平坦支撐表面。
噴嘴106是用以從氣體供應器108供應惰性氣體至前開口通用盒110之閥112。控制器114是連接於噴嘴106,以調節惰性氣體之流量。在一些實施例之中,噴嘴106是突出於支撐板103之上。在一些實施例之中,噴嘴106是相對於殼體102之上表面而凹入。噴嘴106是位於每一個站104之一中心處。在一些實施例之中,噴嘴106是相對於殼體102位於非中心處。
氣體供應器108是用以儲存惰性氣體以及提供惰性氣體至噴嘴106。在一些實施例之中,每一個裝載埠100包括有一分別之氣體供應器108。在一些實施例之中,一單一之氣體供應器108是被超過一個之裝載埠100所共用。在一些實施例之中,氣體供應器108是位於一單一位置處,以及供應管線係連接氣體供應器108至每一個裝載埠100。在一些實施例之中,氣體供應器108是可從裝載埠100移除,以促進一空的或損壞的氣體供應器108之更換。在一些實施例之中,氣體供應器108是與裝載埠100整合,並且氣體供應器108是被再裝填。惰性氣體係為氮氣。在一些實施例之中,惰性氣體係為氬(Ar)、氖(Ne)或其他適當之惰性氣體。
在半導體裝置之製造過程中,前開口通用盒110是用以傳送晶圓於各種裝置之間。前開口通用盒110包括有從內部側壁突起之鰭片。在一些實施例之中,前開口通用盒110一次能夠儲存多至25個晶圓。在一些實施例之中,前開口通用盒110一次能夠儲存多於或少於25個晶圓。前開口通用盒110是用以促進晶圓經由一前開口門之插入與移除。在一些實施例之中,一機械處理系統是被使用去從前開口通用盒110插入與移除晶圓。前開口通用盒110具有一受控制之內部環境,以幫助維持在前開口通用盒110內之一低水氣含量以及降低黏附於前開口通用盒110內之晶圓之污染微粒的風險。
前開口通用盒110是以一列隊形式移動於裝載埠100之站104之間,如此一來,進入裝載埠100之一第一前開口通用盒是離開裝載埠100之第一前開口通用盒。在一些實施例之中,機器人處理系統是被建構去移動前開口通用盒110於站104之間。在一些實施例之中,前開口通用盒110是利用一傳輸皮帶、一傳送車或其他適當之工具而被移動於站104之間。
閥112是位於前開口通用盒110之下表面。在一些實施例之中,閥112是位於相對於前開口門之前開口通用盒110之一背表面或前開口通用盒110之另一適當之表面。閥112是從氣體供應器108透過噴嘴106傳遞惰性氣體至前開口通用盒110之內部。惰性氣體會增加前開口通用盒110內之一壓力至大於外部壓力之一壓力。壓力梯度會迫使水氣離開前開口通用盒110之內部,並且會防止水氣再進入前開口通用盒110。隨著時間的推移,壓力梯度會因氣體從前開口通用盒110洩漏而降
低,以及水氣含量會開始再進入前開口通用盒110。
裝載埠100包括有用於監測一時間長度之控制器114,自從前開口通用盒110之一先前的淨化開始。當時間超過一更新時間時,控制器114會傳送一訊號至噴嘴106,以允許惰性氣體流入前開口通用盒110之中,以用惰性氣體淨化前開口通用盒110之內部。控制器114亦是用於接收代表前開口通用盒110之一前開口是否開啟之一訊號。倘若前開口通用盒110之前開口是開啟的,則前開口通用盒110係裝載或卸載晶圓,以及控制器114不會使噴嘴106作動去允許惰性氣體流動。倘若前開口通用盒110之前開口是關閉的,則控制器114會使噴嘴106作動去以惰性氣體淨化前開口通用盒110之內部。在一些實施例之中,每一個裝載埠100包括有一個別的控制器114。在一些實施例之中,控制器114是被超過一個裝載埠100所共用。
第2圖係顯示用於蝕刻及清洗晶圓之一晶圓處理系統200之示意圖。晶圓處理系統200包括有一裝載埠201a,裝載埠201a係覆蓋複數個前開口通用盒202。在一些實施例之中,裝載埠201a是與第1圖之前開口通用盒110相同。晶圓處理系統200亦包括有一蝕刻室204。蝕刻室204是鄰接於裝載埠201a之一第一端。覆蓋前開口通用盒202之微型儲存器206是鄰接於裝載埠201a之一第二端。晶圓處理系統200更包括有一裝載埠201b。一清洗室210是鄰接於裝載埠201b之一第一端,以及一微型儲存器208是鄰接於裝載埠201b之一第二端。晶圓處理系統200亦包括有用於監測一更新時間之一控制器212。
儲存於前開口通用盒202a中之晶圓是被裝載入蝕
刻室204之中,其中,一蝕刻製程是被執行於晶圓之上或成型於晶圓上之層之上。被蝕刻之晶圓是被轉移至位於站104b處之前開口通用盒202b之中。空的前開口通用盒202是被儲存於附著於裝載埠201a之微型儲存器206之中。在一些實施例之中,微型儲存器206是被省略的。在微型儲存器206被省略之一些實施例之中,裝載埠201a比具有微型儲存器之實施例包括有更多的站104(第1圖)。一旦前開口通用盒202b含有一特定數目之晶圓,前開口通用盒202b之前開口門會關閉,以及前開口通用盒202b之內部是以惰性氣體淨化。前開口通用盒202b是從裝載埠201a被轉移至微型儲存器208。一空的前開口通用盒202是被傳送至裝載埠201a之站104b,以及來自於微型儲存器206之另一空的前開口通用盒202是以一列隊形式被轉移至裝載埠201a。
微型儲存器208係接收來自於裝載埠201a之前開口通用盒202b,並且儲存等待被轉移至裝載埠201b之前開口通用盒202b。前開口通用盒202b含有被蝕刻之晶圓。前開口通用盒202c是被定位於一清洗室210之一輸入位置處。儲存於前開口通用盒202c中之被蝕刻之晶圓是被轉移至清洗室210,其中,來自於蝕刻製程之殘餘材料是從被蝕刻之晶圓處被清除掉。接著清洗製程,被清洗之晶圓是被儲存於位在站104d處之前開口通用盒202d之中。一旦前開口通用盒202d含有一特定數目之晶圓,前開口通用盒202d之前開口門會關閉,以及前開口通用盒202d會被傳送至另一裝置。來自於裝載埠201b之空的前開口通用盒202是被傳送至微型儲存器206。控制器212是用於監測一經過時間,自從前開口通用盒之蝕刻之一先前淨化開
始。
裝載埠201a包括有四個站104。由前開口通用盒202a所佔用之站104不具有噴嘴106,因為前開口通用盒儲存了未被蝕刻之晶圓。在一些實施例之中,裝載埠201a只包括有位於站104b處之噴嘴106。在一些實施例之中,裝載埠201a之所有的站104具有噴嘴106。連接於裝載埠201a之控制器212係使噴嘴106作動供應惰性氣體以淨化前開口通用盒202b之內部,當前開口通用盒202b之前開口門是被關閉時。倘若前開口門是被關閉的,則藉由淨化前開口通用盒202b之內部,位於前開口通用盒202b中之水氣含量會被立刻降低,以使得被蝕刻晶圓之損壞風險最小化。
蝕刻室204係接收來自於前開口通用盒202a之晶圓,並且係蝕刻晶圓或成型於晶圓上之層。蝕刻製程會形成特徵(例如,線、中介窗、溝渠或其他適當之特徵)於晶圓之中或成型於晶圓上之層之中。在一些實施例之中,蝕刻製程是一乾蝕刻製程。在一些實施例之中,蝕刻劑係為四氟。在一些實施例之中,蝕刻劑包括氧氣、氯氣、三氯化硼、其他的碳氟化合物或其他適當之蝕刻劑。蝕刻製程會留下殘留材料於晶圓之一表面之上。殘留材料包括有未反應之蝕刻劑、蝕刻副產物、蝕刻材料之微粒或其他材料。殘留材料係潛在地損壞晶圓,藉由增加蝕刻至晶圓中之特徵之尺寸或產生額外非所需要之特徵於晶圓之中。被蝕刻之晶圓係受到清洗製程,以移除掉殘留材料。
微型儲存器206係儲存等待被轉移至裝載埠201a
之空的前開口通用盒202。在一些實施例之中,微型儲存器206是與裝載埠201a整合成一體。在一些實施例之中,微型儲存器206是被省略的。在一些實施例之中,微型儲存器206包括有類似於裝載埠201a之噴嘴106。在一些實施例之中,微型儲存器206不包括有噴嘴106。在一些實施例之中,裝載埠201a及微型儲存器206共用一共同的氣體供應器108(第1圖)。在一些實施例之中,裝載埠201a及微型儲存器206具有分別之氣體供應器108。儲存於微型儲存器206中之前開口通用盒202不含有晶圓,如此一來,淨化前開口通用盒之內部是不必要的。在一些實施例之中,在裝載晶圓至前開口通用盒之中前,空的前開口通用盒202是被淨化以降低在空的前開口通用盒內之水氣含量。
微型儲存器208係儲存含有被蝕刻晶圓之前開口通用盒202b。在一些實施例之中,微型儲存器208是與裝載埠201b整合成一體。在一些實施例之中,微型儲存器208是被省略的。在一些實施例之中,微型儲存器208包括有類似於裝載埠201b之噴嘴106。在一些實施例之中,微型儲存器208不包括有噴嘴106。在一些實施例之中,裝載埠201b及微型儲存器208共用一共同的氣體供應器108(第1圖)。在一些實施例之中,裝載埠201b及微型儲存器208具有分別之氣體供應器108。連接於微型儲存器208之控制器212係使噴嘴106作動以供應惰性氣體去淨化含有被蝕刻晶圓之前開口通用盒202b之內部,根據一被偵測之經過時間以及前開口通用盒之前開口門之位置。
裝載埠201b係固持含有被蝕刻晶圓之前開口通用
盒202c,其中,被蝕刻晶圓係等待被清洗於清洗室210之中。裝載埠201b具有四個站104。在一些實施例之中,裝載埠201b具有多於或少於四個站104。由前開口通用盒202d所佔用之站104d不包括有噴嘴106,因為前開口通用盒含有被清洗過之晶圓。裝載埠201b之剩下的站104包括有噴嘴106。在一些實施例之中,裝載埠201b之所有的站104包括有噴嘴106。連接於裝載埠201b之控制器212係使噴嘴106作動以供應惰性氣體去淨化含有被蝕刻晶圓之前開口通用盒202c之內部,根據一被偵測之經過時間以及前開口通用盒之前開口門之位置。
清洗室210係接收來自於前開口通用盒202c之被蝕刻的晶圓,並且清洗室210係執行一清洗製程於被蝕刻的晶圓之上。清洗製程包括有浸沒晶圓於一清洗溶液之中。在一些實施例之中,清洗製程包括有以一清洗溶液或其他適當之清洗製程洗滌晶圓之被蝕刻表面。清洗溶液具有去離子水。在一些實施例之中,清洗溶液具有氨水(NH4OH)、標準清洗1(SC1)、標準清洗2(SC2)或其他適當之清洗溶液。清洗製程係持續大約30秒鐘。在一些實施例之中,清洗製程之持續期間係多於或少於30秒鐘,取決於充分清洗晶圓之時間而定。倘若清洗製程之持續期間太短的話,則晶圓就不會被充分地清洗以及殘餘材料仍然會對晶圓造成損壞。倘若清洗製程之持續期間太長的話,則產量會被減少。在清洗製程被完成後,被清洗過之晶圓是從清洗室210被轉移至位於站104d處之前開口通用盒202d之中。在前開口通用盒202d含有一特定數目之晶圓之後,前開口通用盒會被轉移至另一個裝置進行進一步之處理。
在一些實施例之中,晶圓是以批次被晶圓處理系統200所處理。在一些實施例之中,為了降低暴露於水氣含量,晶圓是被分成多個次批。多個次批是被預先決定去使有效的處理最大化。一循環透過晶圓處理系統200現在是被描述,使用一25晶圓批次以及3個次批作為一例子。在一批次中之晶圓的數目以及次批之數目僅是被使用於闡釋而已。
含有25晶圓之一完全批次之前開口通用盒202a是被定位於鄰接蝕刻室204之裝載埠201a之站104a。前開口通用盒202a之前開口門是被打開,以及一機械手臂(未顯示)係一次轉移一晶圓至蝕刻室204之中。為了簡化說明起見,機械手臂之細節在此不予詳述。一適當之機械手臂之敘述可以參見美國專利申請第10/378,104號。在一些實施例之中,蝕刻室204係一次處理超過一個晶圓。在晶圓被蝕刻之後,機械手臂係轉移晶圓至位於站104b處之前開口通用盒202b。倘若前開口通用盒202b是滿的,則前開口通用盒202b之前開口門會被關閉以及其內部是被惰性氣體所淨化。
前開口通用盒202b然後是被傳送至微型儲存器208。前開口通用盒202b是藉由一自動化材料處理系統(AMHS)所傳送。自動化材料處理系統(AMHS)之車輛係攜載前開口通用盒於執行不同製程之器具之間。在一些實施例之中,自動化材料處理系統(AMHS)是以手工之方式控制。在一些實施例之中,自動化材料處理系統(AMHS)之控制是自動化的。在一些實施例之中,器具是位於相同的建築物之中。在一些實施例之中,器具是位於分別的建築物之中。先前由前開口通用盒202b
所佔用之站104b是被空的前開口通用盒202所填補,以及一不同之空的前開口通用盒是從微型儲存器206被轉移至裝載埠201a。蝕刻、淨化以及傳送製程是被重複,直到被蝕刻晶圓之整個批次是位於微型儲存器208之中為止。在前開口通用盒202a沒有晶圓之後,前開口通用盒202是被傳送至微型儲存器206,以等待轉移至裝載埠201a。
當前開口通用盒202b被固持於微型儲存器208之中時,控制器212係監測前開口通用盒被淨化之時間。前開口通用盒202b是從微型儲存器208被轉移至裝載埠201b。在一些實施例之中,前開口通用盒202b是被固持於微型儲存器208之中,直到整個批次,例如,所有三個前開口通用盒,是出現於微型儲存器208之中為止。在一些實施例之中,前開口通用盒202b是以一列隊形式從微型儲存器208被轉移至裝載埠201b,而不是整個批次出現於微型儲存器208之中。
被固持於含有等待被清洗之被蝕刻晶圓之裝載埠201b中之前開口通用盒是被標以202c。當前開口通用盒202c被固持於裝載埠201b之中時,控制器212係監測前開口通用盒被淨化之時間。一旦前開口通用盒202c是位於鄰接清洗室210之裝載埠201b之站104c時,前開口通用盒之前開口門會被打開。一機械手臂會一次轉移晶圓至清洗室210之中。在一些實施例之中,清洗室210一次能清洗超過一個晶圓。機械手臂會從清洗室210轉移被清洗過之晶圓至位於站104d之前開口通用盒202d。前開口通用盒202d含有被清洗過之晶圓。在前開口通用盒202c沒有晶圓之後,前開口通用盒會被轉移至微型儲存器
206,以等待被轉移至裝載埠201a。前開口通用盒202d會留在站104d,直到25晶圓之整個批次是從清洗室210被轉移至前開口通用盒為止。前開口通用盒202d然後是被傳送至另一器具以做進一步處理。
每一個前開口通用盒之最後淨化的經過時間是被監測。在一些實施例之中,裝載埠201a、裝載埠201b及微型儲存器208具有分別的控制器。在一些實施例之中,一單一之控制器212是用於監測晶圓處理系統200。
第3A圖係顯示使用於實施揭露於第3B圖中之方法之方塊圖。控制器212包括有硬體處理器306及一非短暫電腦可讀取儲存媒體308,非短暫電腦可讀取儲存媒體308是以電腦程式碼309所編碼。硬體處理器306是經由一匯流排304電性耦合於非短暫電腦可讀取儲存媒體308。硬體處理器306係執行編碼於非短暫電腦可讀取儲存媒體308中之電腦程式碼309,以使控制器212被使用去執行繪示於第3B圖中之一部分或所有的運作。
在一些實施例之中,硬體處理器306係為一中央處理單元(CPU)、一多工處理器、一分佈處理系統、一應用特定積體電路(ASIC)及/或一適當之處理單元。
在一些實施例之中,非短暫電腦可讀取儲存媒體308係為一電子的、磁性的、光學的、電磁的、紅外線的及/或半導體的系統(或裝置)。舉例來說,非短暫電腦可讀取儲存媒體308包括有一半導體或固態記憶體、一磁帶、一可移除電腦磁盤、一隨機存取記憶體(RAM)、一唯讀記憶體(ROM)、一硬
性磁碟及/或一光碟。在使用光碟之一些實施例之中,非短暫電腦可讀取儲存媒體308包括有一光碟唯讀記憶體(CD-ROM)、一光碟讀寫器(CD-R/W)及/或一數位影像光碟(DVD)。
在一些實施例之中,非短暫電腦可讀取儲存媒體308係儲存電腦程式碼309,用以使控制器212執行如第3B圖所示之一方法。在一些實施例之中,非短暫電腦可讀取儲存媒體308亦儲存被需要用於執行依法300之資訊或在執行方法300期間所產生之資訊,例如,一更新時間參數310、一經過時間參數312、一前開口通用盒位置參數314及/或一組可執行指令去執行第3B圖之運作。
在一些實施例之中,控制器212包括有一輸入/輸出介面302。輸入/輸出介面302是耦合於外部電路。
在一些實施例之中,控制器212亦包括有耦合於硬體處理器306之一網路介面320。網路介面320係允許控制器212連通一網路350。一或多個其他電腦系統是連接於網路350。網路介面320包括有無線網路介面,例如:藍芽、WIFI、WIMAX、GPRS或WCDMA;或有線網路介面,例如:ETHERNET、USB或IEEE-1394。在一些實施例之中,第3B圖之方法是被執行於兩個或更多個控制器212之中,以及資訊(例如,更新時間、經過時間及/或前開口通用盒位置)是經由網路350被交換於不同的控制器212之間。
控制器212係透過輸入/輸出介面302接收關聯於一形式之製程之資訊。該資訊是經由匯流排304被轉移至硬體處
理器306,以決定一更新時間對於該形式之製程。更新時間然後是被儲存於非短暫電腦可讀取儲存媒體308之中,做為更新時間參數310。控制器212係透過輸入/輸出介面302接收關聯於前開口通用盒位置之資訊。該資訊是被儲存於非短暫電腦可讀取儲存媒體308之中,做為前開口通用盒位置參數314。
在運作過程中,硬體處理器306係執行一組指令去比較經過時間參數312與更新時間參數310。倘若比較結果指出經過時間大於更新時間,則硬體處理器306係產生一淨化訊號。硬體處理器306係決定一噴嘴106(第1圖)去根據前開口通用盒位置參數314接收該淨化訊號。淨化訊號然後是藉由輸入/輸出介面302被傳送至噴嘴106。
第3B圖係顯示一方法300之流程圖。在步驟320,一最後淨化之經過時間是被量測。在一些實施例之中,量測是被保持做為一連續時鐘。在一些實施例之中,量測是被保持做為一計數計時器或一倒數計時器。在一些實施例之中,量測是被週期性地進行,藉由分別驗證每一個前開口通用盒以及決定每一個前開口通用盒之一先前淨化時間。在步驟330,經過時間是與一更新時間(在第3A圖中之310)比較。在一些實施例之中,更新時間是介於2小時與3小時之間。在一些實施例之中,更新時間是介於1小時與8小時之間。更新時間(在第3A圖中之310)是根據蝕刻製程以及造成晶圓損壞之風險而被決定。表一係顯示在一製程中之多個步驟之一例子。
當節點尺寸減小時,處理步驟之數目會增加。較小的節點尺寸亦會降低更新時間,因為對於晶圓之較小數量的損壞會使得晶圓無法使用。藉由淨化位於裝載埠及微型儲存器中之前開口通用盒的內部,晶圓能被保持通過門檻時間,而不會降低生產製程之產量。
如第3B圖所示,倘若經過時間未超過更新時間,則方法300會返回至步驟320。倘若經過時間超過更新時間,則方法300會繼續於步驟340。在步驟340,控制器會決定前開口通用盒之前開口門是否被關閉。前開口通用盒之前開口門會保持關閉,除了當晶圓是正在從前開口通用盒裝載或卸載時以外。當前開口門打開時,淨化前開口通用盒之內部將不會是有效的,因為惰性氣體將僅是離開進入至圍繞前開口通用盒之大氣中。倘若前開口通用盒之前開口門是被關閉,則前開口通用盒之內部是以惰性氣體被淨化,於步驟350所示。倘若前開口通用盒之前開口門是被打開,則前開口通用盒之內部不會被淨化,以及裝載或卸載製程是被允許去繼續,如步驟360所示。倘若前開口通用盒是被卸載,則沒必要去淨化前開口通用盒,因為沒有晶圓是位於前開口通用盒之內。倘若前開口通用盒是被裝載,則前開口通用盒是被淨化,以及方法300會從步驟302開始。
第4圖係顯示操作晶圓處理系統200之一方法400之流程圖。在步驟402,晶圓是被傳送至用於一蝕刻室之一裝載埠。在晶圓處理系統200之中,一批次之晶圓是被傳送至前開口通用盒202a中之裝載埠201a。在步驟404,一批次之晶圓是被分成複數個次批。在一些實施例之中,步驟404是被省略,以及一整個批次之晶圓是以一單元被處理。在晶圓處理系統200之中,在前開口通用盒202a中之該批次之晶圓是被分成複數個次批。在步驟406,晶圓是被蝕刻。在晶圓處理系統200之中,蝕刻室204係執行蝕刻製程。在步驟408,每一次批之晶圓是被轉移至分別之前開口通用盒。在晶圓是以一單元被處理之實施例之中,整個批次之晶圓是被轉移至一單一之前開口通用盒之中。在晶圓處理系統200之中,晶圓是從蝕刻室204被轉移至前開口通用盒202b。在步驟410,每一次批之被蝕刻之晶圓是利用惰性氣體被淨化。在晶圓處理系統200之中,一旦前開口通用盒202b之前開口門被關閉,前開口通用盒之內部是以惰性氣體被淨化。
在步驟412,晶圓是被傳送至對於一清洗室之一裝載埠。在晶圓處理系統200之中,前開口通用盒202b是從裝載埠201a被傳送至微型儲存器208,並且然後是被傳送至裝載埠201b。在步驟414,前開口通用盒之一最後淨化之一經過時間是被監測。在晶圓處理系統200之中,控制器212係監測該經過時間。在步驟416,利用惰性氣體之前開口通用盒之一額外淨化是被執行。步驟416是根據方法300而被執行。在晶圓處理系統200之中,控制器212係決定是否去執行額外淨化。一旦額外
淨化是被執行,方法400會返回至步驟414。在一些實施例之中,額外淨化是被執行,直到方法400繼續於步驟418。在步驟418,晶圓是被清洗。在晶圓處理系統200之中,清洗室210係執行晶圓之清洗。在步驟420,次批之晶圓是被再結合至一單一的前開口通用盒之中。在晶圓處理系統200之中,次批之晶圓是被再結合至前開口通用盒202d之中。在該批次之晶圓是以一單元被處理之實施例之中,步驟420是被省略。在步驟422,空的前開口通用盒是被傳送至用於蝕刻室之裝載埠。在一些實施例之中,步驟422是被省略,以及一空的前開口通用盒是被傳送至除了用於蝕刻室之裝載埠之一位置。在晶圓處理系統200之中,空的前開口通用盒是被傳送至微型儲存器206,以被傳送至裝載埠201a。
如上所述之裝載埠、晶圓處理系統及方法可降低晶圓損壞之風險,由於執行額外之惰性氣體淨化,而不需要傳送含有被蝕刻晶圓之前開口通用盒至一分別的淨化器具。如上所述,不同的處理器具係位於距離彼此相當遠。在器具間之大距離需要大量之時間及能量去從這些器具傳送前開口通用盒。此外,執行對於某些前開口通用盒額外淨化所消耗之時間會延遲對於其他前開口通用盒之初始淨化,其會增加損壞晶圓之風險。藉由合併上述之特徵,使用具有450mm直徑之晶圓之一製程之產量可增加大約7%。此增加的產量會導致利潤之增加,因為較少的材料是由於不能挽回的損壞而被浪費掉。
如表一之資訊所示,當科技節點減小於尺寸時,需要一較短門檻時間之處理步驟之數目會增加。上述之方法提
供了執行額外淨化之能力,以允許額外的時間於處理步驟之間。於處理步驟間之額外的時間能使半導體裝置被完成,而不需建構複製的器具去處理製程需求對於較小的節點裝置。
雖然本發明已以較佳實施例揭露於上,然其並非用以限定本發明,任何熟習此項技藝者,在不脫離本發明之精神和範圍內,當可作些許之更動與潤飾,因此本發明之保護範圍當視後附之申請專利範圍所界定者為準。
100‧‧‧裝載埠
102‧‧‧殼體
103‧‧‧支撐板
104‧‧‧站
105‧‧‧導引壁
108‧‧‧氣體供應器
110‧‧‧前開口通用盒
112‧‧‧閥
114‧‧‧控制器
Claims (10)
- 一種裝載埠,包括:一殼體;複數個站,係被界定於該殼體之中,用以接收一前開口通用盒;以及一連接器,係用以接收一惰性氣體;一噴嘴,設置於該些站的至少其中之一,用以自該連接器傳遞該惰性氣體至該前開口通用盒,以淨化該前開口通用盒內部水氣;一控制器,用以控制該噴嘴以調節該惰性氣體之流量,其中該控制器量測該前開口通用盒之一最後淨化之一經過時間,並比較該經過時間與一更新時間,當該經過時間大於該更新時間時,該控制器驅動該噴嘴以容許該惰性氣體流入該前開口通用盒。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之裝載埠,其中,該惰性氣體為氮氣。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之裝載埠,其中,每一該站係用以傳遞該惰性氣體至該前開口通用盒。
- 一種晶圓處理系統,包括:一第一裝載埠,包括:一第一殼體;複數個第一站,係被界定於該第一殼體之中,用以接收一前開口通用盒;以及一第一連接器,係用以接收一惰性氣體; 一第一噴嘴,設置於該些第一站的至少其中之一,用以自該第一連接器傳遞該惰性氣體至該前開口通用盒,以淨化該前開口通用盒內部水氣;一蝕刻室,係用以執行一蝕刻製程於一晶圓之上;一第二裝載埠,其中該前開口通用盒由該第一裝載埠被傳送至該第二裝載埠,且該第二裝載埠包括:一第二殼體;複數個第二站,係被界定於該第二殼體之中,用以接收該前開口通用盒;以及一第二連接器,係用以接收該惰性氣體;一第二噴嘴,設置於該些第二站的至少其中之一,用以自該第二連接器傳遞該惰性氣體至該前開口通用盒,以淨化該前開口通用盒內部水氣;一清洗室,係用以執行一清洗製程於該晶圓之上;以及一控制器,用以控制該第一、第二噴嘴以調節該惰性氣體之流量,其中該控制器量測該前開口通用盒之一最後淨化之一經過時間,並比較該經過時間與一更新時間,當該經過時間大於該更新時間時,該控制器驅動該第二噴嘴以容許該惰性氣體流入該前開口通用盒。
- 如申請專利範圍第4項所述之晶圓處理系統,更包括:一第一微型儲存器,包括:一第三殼體;複數個第三站,係被界定於該第三殼體之中,用以接收該前開口通用盒;以及 一第二微型儲存器,包括:一第四殼體;複數個第四站,係被界定於該第四殼體之中,用以接收該前開口通用盒;以及一第三連接器,係用以接收該惰性氣體;其中,該等第四站之至少一個係從該第三連接器傳遞該惰性氣體至該前開口通用盒,以淨化該前開口通用盒之內部中之水氣。
- 如申請專利範圍第4項所述之晶圓處理系統,其中,該等第一站之至少一個、該等第二站之至少一個以及該等第四站之至少一個皆包括一噴嘴,以及每一噴嘴係調節流至該前開口通用盒中之該惰性氣體之流量。
- 如申請專利範圍第6項所述之晶圓處理系統,更包括一控制器,係用以控制每一噴嘴,以調節流至該前開口通用盒中之該惰性氣體之流量。
- 一種操作一晶圓處理系統之方法,包括:蝕刻一批次之晶圓;轉移該批次之晶圓之至少一部分至位於一第一裝載埠中之一第一前開口通用盒;當該第一前開口通用盒係位於該第一裝載埠之中時,以一惰性氣體淨化該第一前開口通用盒之內部;傳送該第一前開口通用盒至一第二裝載埠;監測淨化之一經過時間;當該經過時間超過一更新時間時,再次淨化該第一前開口通 用盒之內部;以及清洗該批次之晶圓。
- 如申請專利範圍第8項所述之操作一晶圓處理系統之方法,其中,傳送該第一前開口通用盒至該第二裝載埠之步驟包括:傳送該第一前開口通用盒至一微型儲存器,其中,當該經過時間超過該更新時間時,該微型儲存器係執行該再次淨化之步驟;以及從該微型儲存器轉移該第一前開口通用盒至該第二裝載埠,其中,當該經過時間超過該更新時間時,該第二裝載埠係執行該再次淨化之步驟。
- 如申請專利範圍第8項所述之操作一晶圓處理系統之方法,更包括:從該第二裝載埠傳送一空的前開口通用盒至一微型儲存器,其中,該微型儲存器係轉移該空的前開口通用盒至該第一裝載埠。
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