TWI501755B - 具有通風冷卻特徵之壓縮系統 - Google Patents

具有通風冷卻特徵之壓縮系統 Download PDF

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TWI501755B
TWI501755B TW102116093A TW102116093A TWI501755B TW I501755 B TWI501755 B TW I501755B TW 102116093 A TW102116093 A TW 102116093A TW 102116093 A TW102116093 A TW 102116093A TW I501755 B TWI501755 B TW I501755B
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compression
limb
controller
garment
wearer
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TW201404369A (zh
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Arnaz Malhi
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Covidien Lp
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61HPHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY
    • A61H9/00Pneumatic or hydraulic massage
    • A61H9/005Pneumatic massage
    • A61H9/0078Pneumatic massage with intermittent or alternately inflated bladders or cuffs
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61HPHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY
    • A61H23/00Percussion or vibration massage, e.g. using supersonic vibration; Suction-vibration massage; Massage with moving diaphragms
    • A61H23/04Percussion or vibration massage, e.g. using supersonic vibration; Suction-vibration massage; Massage with moving diaphragms with hydraulic or pneumatic drive
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61HPHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY
    • A61H2201/00Characteristics of apparatus not provided for in the preceding codes
    • A61H2201/02Characteristics of apparatus not provided for in the preceding codes heated or cooled
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61HPHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY
    • A61H2201/00Characteristics of apparatus not provided for in the preceding codes
    • A61H2201/02Characteristics of apparatus not provided for in the preceding codes heated or cooled
    • A61H2201/0214Characteristics of apparatus not provided for in the preceding codes heated or cooled cooled
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61HPHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY
    • A61H2205/00Devices for specific parts of the body
    • A61H2205/10Leg
    • A61H2205/106Leg for the lower legs

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Pain & Pain Management (AREA)
  • Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
  • Rehabilitation Therapy (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Massaging Devices (AREA)
  • Orthopedics, Nursing, And Contraception (AREA)
  • Professional, Industrial, Or Sporting Protective Garments (AREA)

Description

具有通風冷卻特徵之壓縮系統
本發明大致係關於用於施加壓縮治療力至穿戴者身體部位之壓縮裝置。
通常,用於深靜脈血栓形成(DVT)預防之間歇氣動壓縮(IPC)系統包括具有泵及相關聯控制電子器件之控制器、施加至病患身體部位之壓縮套(例如,循序壓縮套)及在泵與套之間通信之管組。
循序壓縮套通常由在接縫上接合以界定一或多個流體不滲透囊之兩片流體不可滲透材料構成。管將囊連接至泵用於使囊充氣以圍繞病患身體部位施加壓縮壓力。通常,控制器經程式化以藉由在循環之壓縮時段期間將空氣泵入套之囊中,之後在循環之放氣時段期間將空氣從囊中排放而執行循環壓縮。空氣透過與控制器相關聯之一或多個排放口排放(見先前技術圖1及圖2)。排放口通常通風至圍繞病患之大氣,使套放氣以使血液能再進入靜脈。
囊可覆蓋疊層以改良耐用性及保護不被刺穿。套之不可滲透性會將水分(即,汗)捕獲在囊片及病患身體之間,導致一些不舒適。不舒適可能導致病患不願意穿戴套,可能危及病患的健康。
此領域中之進步係將控制器直接放置在套上,免除對長及不便利之管組之需要。此等系統雖然係攜帶式的,但是未解决習知壓縮套可能發生之水分累積問題。
本發明提供用於减小水分累積及改良病患遵醫囑之改良配置。
在一態樣中,本發明包含用於提供壓縮治療至穿戴者肢體之壓縮裝置。裝置包括可定位在穿戴者肢體上之壓縮衣。衣包括用於提供壓縮治療至肢體之壓縮區域之可充氣囊。裝置亦包含流體連接至可充氣囊且經組態以在壓縮循環期間使囊充氣及放氣之控制器。控制器包含經定位以在囊放氣時將排放流體朝向壓縮區域引導,使得排放流體在穿戴者之肢體上方流動以冷却肢體。
在另一態樣中,本發明包含使用壓縮裝置提供壓縮治療至穿戴者肢體之方法,壓縮裝置包含定位在穿戴者肢體上之可充氣囊及流體連接至可充氣囊之控制器。方法包括用來自控制器之加壓流體加壓於可充氣囊以使囊充氣及使肢體之壓縮區域壓縮。此外,可充氣囊藉由將加壓流體排出至可充氣囊之外而解壓。方法包含使排出流體透過控制器中之排放口排放至控制器外及將排出流體朝向肢體之壓縮區域引導以冷却肢體。
在另一態樣中,本發明包含用於提供壓縮治療至穿戴者肢體之壓縮裝置。裝置包括可定位在穿戴者肢體上之壓縮衣。衣包括用於提供壓縮治療至肢體之壓縮區域之可充氣囊。衣具有開口及流體連接至可充氣囊且經組態以在壓縮循環期間使囊充氣及放氣之控制器。控制器包含經定位以引導排放流體穿過衣中之開口及在囊放氣時將排放流體朝向壓縮區域引導,使得排放流體在穿戴者肢體上方流動以冷却肢體。裝置亦包含導引件,導引件圍繞開口附接至囊用於導引被引導至開口之流體以在穿戴者之肢體上方流動。
下文中可部分瞭解及部分指出其他目標及特徵。
10‧‧‧壓縮裝置
12‧‧‧壓縮套
14‧‧‧控制器
16‧‧‧內層
18‧‧‧第一中間層/第一囊層
20‧‧‧第二中間層/第二囊層
22‧‧‧外罩
26‧‧‧囊接縫線
28a‧‧‧近端囊
28b‧‧‧中間囊
28c‧‧‧遠端囊
30‧‧‧接縫線
34a‧‧‧近端囊管
34b‧‧‧中間囊管
34c‧‧‧遠端囊管
36‧‧‧開口
40‧‧‧開口
42‧‧‧纖維
46‧‧‧接縫線
48‧‧‧環
50a‧‧‧近端片狀物
50b‧‧‧中間片狀物
50c‧‧‧遠端片狀物
60‧‧‧外殼
62‧‧‧供應口
64‧‧‧排放口
66‧‧‧背面
68‧‧‧管
L‧‧‧長度
W‧‧‧寬度
圖1係先前技術壓縮裝置之第一組態之示意圖;圖2係先前技術壓縮裝置之第二組態之示意圖; 圖3係固定至穿戴者腿部之本發明之壓縮裝置之透視圖;圖4係壓縮裝置之壓縮套之正視圖,套之外罩及中間層被部分移除以展示下伏層;圖5係繪示環材料之外罩之放大片段正視圖;圖6係壓縮裝置之控制器之透視圖;圖7係控制器之後視圖;圖8係展示與套中之開口對齊之控制器中之排放口之放大片段截面;圖9係本發明之壓縮裝置之第二實施例之示意圖;及圖10係壓縮套之第一中間層之內表面之放大片段正視圖。
在附圖中,相應參考符號指示相應零件。
現參考附圖且特定言之參考圖3及圖4,用於施加循環壓縮治療力至穿戴者肢體(例如,腿部)之壓縮裝置之整體由參考數字10指示。壓縮裝置10包括壓縮套12及控制器14(或「空氣壓縮單元」),控制器14直接附接至壓縮套用於供應加壓流體至套12用於提供壓縮治療力至肢體。壓縮裝置10具有攜帶式組態使得裝置之穿戴者可在穿戴裝置的同時更容易地活動。但是,控制器14可具有除攜帶式以外之組態使得控制器不直接附接至套12而不脫離本發明之範疇。
壓縮套12係經定大小及塑形以圍繞穿戴者腿部安置但可經組態以施加至穿戴者身體之其他部位的類型。更具體言之,套12具有用於圍繞腿部之完整外圍纏繞的寬度W(圖4)及用於從腳踝延伸至腿部之膝部的長度L。在此項領域中,此類型之套大致被稱作齊膝套。應瞭解壓縮套可為不同大小,諸如從腳踝延伸至腿部之大腿的齊腿套(未繪示)。應瞭解具有用於圍繞穿戴者身體之其他部位安置之其他組態的壓縮裝置亦在本發明的範疇內,諸如在乳腺癌之治療中圍繞病患胸部 之纏繞。
參考圖4,壓縮套12可包括固定在一起之四層。但是,本發明之範疇不限於四層(圖3繪示僅具有兩層之壓縮套12)。在所示之實施例中,壓縮套12包括內層(大致由16指示),大致由18指示之第一中間層(廣泛地,第一囊層)覆疊該內層上。大致由20指示之第二中間層(廣泛地,第二囊層)覆疊第一中間層18並固定至其上。大致由22指示之外罩覆疊並固定至第二中間層20。使用時,內層16將接觸穿戴者肢體且外罩22將距離穿戴者肢體最遠。若套12僅使用兩層材料(例如,兩個囊層18、20)構造,則第一囊層18將接觸穿戴者肢體,且第二囊層20將距離穿戴者肢體較遠(見圖3)。
層具有相同形狀且彼此疊加使得層之邊緣大致重合。考量層16、18、20或22之一者或多者可能不疊加在相應層上,而是稍微偏移以適應病患肢體之特定特徵。此外,組成壓縮套12之層數可為所述之外的情況。
第一中間層18及第二中間層20分別各包含單片彈性材料(廣泛地,「囊材料」)。舉例而言,片18及20由具有大約0.006英吋之厚度之可彎PVC材料製成。內層16及外層22可由具有大約0.005英吋之厚度之聚酯材料製成。層之材料及厚度可變化以增加強度或在充氣期間導致一個方向上(諸如朝向肢體)之更大膨脹。第二中間層20可沿著囊接縫線26固定至第一中間層18,囊接縫線26分別界定沿著套12之長度L縱向間隔之近端囊28a、中間囊28b及遠端囊28c。囊之數量可為三以外之情況而不脫離本發明之範疇。如本文中所使用,術語「近端」、「遠端」及「中間」表示當套固定至穿戴者肢體時壓縮套之組件、零件及類似物之相對位置。如此一來,「近端」組件或類似物安置為最鄰近穿戴者肢體至穿戴者軀幹之附接點,「遠端」組件安置為距離附接點最遠,及「中間」組件大致安置在近端組件與遠端組件之間之任 意處。
囊28a、28b、28c係意指其等經定大小及塑形以圍繞穿戴者肢體或非常接近肢體之整個外圍纏繞之外圍囊。舉例而言,在一實施例中,囊28a、28b、28c各圍繞腿延伸至少90%。應瞭解本文所述之構造可採用具有部分囊構造之先前技術套,而不脫離本發明之範疇。
中間層18、20可藉由射頻(RF)熔接、黏合或其他化學及/或機械製程固定在一起。此外,中間層18、20可在其他位置上固定在一起,諸如圍繞其等之周邊或在囊接縫線26上以進一步界定可充氣囊28a、28b、28c之形狀。第一中間層18可沿著接縫線46(接縫線46沿著第一中間層18之外周邊延伸)固定至內層16,使得囊28a、28b、28c之中心區域不固定至內層16,允許囊相對於內層16移動。第二中間層20亦可沿著相同接縫線46固定至內層12。第一中間層18可藉由RF熔接、黏合或以其他適當方式固定至內層16。
參考圖4,各可充氣囊28a、28b、28c經由分別將囊流體連接至控制器之專用近端囊管34a、中間囊管34b及遠端囊管34c從安裝在套12上之控制器14接收流體。如所瞭解,管線無需專用於囊以實踐本發明。在一實施例中,囊28a、28b、28c經組態以使空氣加壓保持在大約10mm Hg(1333Pa)至大約45mm Hg(6000Pa)之範圍中。此外,囊28a、28b、28c較佳能夠被重複加壓而不故障。片之適合材料包含但不限於不會顯著拉伸之可撓PVC材料。在另一實施例中,中間層18、20可形成一腔,該腔用於接收經形成與該腔分開之可充氣囊。在本實施例中,層18、20無需能夠容納加壓空氣,前提係可充氣囊能夠容納。如熟習此項技術者所知,囊28a、28b、28c可具有延伸完全穿過囊之開口36。此外,此等開口36可藉由將囊層18、20密封在一起之接縫線30形成。在所繪示之實施例中,開口36係淚滴狀但開口可具有其他形狀而不脫離本發明之範疇。
內層16可由能夠排走水分之材料構成。內(或「排汗」)層16透過毛細管作用吸收捕獲在穿戴者肢體附近之水分,將水分從肢體表面帶走並在水分充足之內層16上將來自肢體上之位置之水分轉移至水分較不充足之區域(例如,更靠近囊28a、28b、28c中之開口36)以蒸發至周圍環境。開口36在提供壓縮之囊之區域內可具有不同大小、形狀及位置。各開口36可相對於囊材料下方之排汗層之部分將排汗層16暴露於環境空氣。與開口36對齊之內層16之部分可被稱作「暴露部」。暴露排汗材料(諸如狹縫)或將排汗材料延伸至囊材料之周邊之外之其他方式亦設想為在本發明之範疇內。若套12構造為僅具有兩個囊層18、20,則開口36將穿戴者肢體之部分暴露於大氣。
在所繪示之實施例中,囊28a、28b、28c具有開口36。因此,在氣體壓力或其他流體之影響下膨脹及收縮以提供壓縮之套12之區域具有開口36。不提供壓縮之套12之區域(例如,接縫線26)無開口36。排汗材料16可與不透水材料交織以形成將水分轉移至較小水分之區域之內層16。開口36必須經定大小、塑形及定位使得套提供足夠壓縮以維持血液速度同時使水分蒸發最大化。適當排汗材料可包括舉例而言,一些形式之聚酯及/或聚丙烯。可使用微纖維。適當微纖維材料包含但不限於由中國福建省泉州市之Quanzhou Fulian Warp Knitting Industrial Co.,Ltd.銷售之CoolDry型號CD9604及由特拉華州威爾明頓之E.I.duPont de Nemours and Company銷售之CoolMax®。
參考圖4及圖5,壓縮套12之外罩22可由單層材料構成。在本實施例中,外罩22可透氣且具有多個開口40或穿孔,因此其具有網結構以提供更大可透氣性。外罩22之適當材料可為聚酯網。藉由用親水材料處理網材料之纖維使網材料更易於吸收排走之流體,因此改良穿過開口之蒸發速率。此類型之排汗纖維大致由圖5中之42指示。此等親水纖維42降低網材料之表面張力以允許體液更易於吸收至纖維中並散 佈穿過材料以提供排走流體之更高效蒸發。更易於吸收流體允許流體更快速移動至開放區域而蒸發。在來自開口之被吸收的流體更快速移動穿過網外罩22時,毛細管效應更高效。
外罩22之整個外表面可充當用於將套12固定至穿戴者肢體之緊固系統的緊固組件。在特定實施例中,網(圖5)之外罩22具有包括環48之外表面,該等環48充當黏扣(hook-and-loop fastening)系統之環組件。如圖5所示,網構造可具有形成外罩22之材料的互連或交織纖維42。環48可形成為外罩22之材料的部分,或另外安置在外罩的表面上。具有此構造之適當材料係由中國泉州市之Quanzhou Fulian Warp Knitting Industrial Co.,Ltd.銷售之聚酯網環2103。鈎組件(未繪示)可分別在近端片狀物50a、中間片狀物50b及遠端片狀物50c上附接至內層16之內表面(圖4)。外罩22之環48允許鈎組件在套12圍繞穿戴者肢體外圍纏繞時沿著外罩22之外表面固定於任意處。此允許套12實質為相對於不同穿戴者肢體之外圍之一體適用組態。此外,外罩22上之環48允許醫師將套12快速及確信地固定至穿戴者肢體而不需對準緊固組件。
考量外罩22除可透氣外亦可能夠排走流體。舉例而言,外罩22可由與內層16相同之材料(例如,冷感快乾(Cool dry))製成。以此方式,內層16排走之水分可由外罩22透過囊28a、28b、28c中之開口36排走。水分可跨外罩22均勻散開且與在外罩非由排汗材料形成之情況相比更易於蒸發,此係因為與內層16相比,外罩之更大表面積暴露於空氣。或者,罩22可具有編織在外層中或外層頂部上之排汗材料。
參考圖6至圖9,控制器14包括圍封用於給囊28a、28b、28c加壓之必要組件之外殼60。控制器14可經程式化以執行不同壓縮方案,其等可包含充氣及放氣(通風)階段。控制器14可移除地安裝在壓縮衣上且可操作地連接至壓縮衣上之囊之組態更詳細地揭示於美國專利申請 案第12/241,670號、第12/241,936號及第12/893,679號中,其等讓與Tyco Healthcare Group LP且全文以引用的方式併入。控制器14未組態用於直接安裝在套12上之其他實施例亦在本發明之範疇內。
控制器外殼60中之供應口62經組態以將囊管34a至34c附接至控制器14,用於將加壓流體輸送至可充氣囊28a至28c。排放口64(圖7)安置在控制器外殼60之背面66中,用於在通風階段期間將來自壓縮裝置10之排出加壓流體驅出。在所示之實施例中,繪示單個排放口64。但是,控制器14亦可具有複數個排放口,而不脫離本發明之範疇。
參考圖3及圖8,控制器14安裝在套12上使得排放口64面向套之外表面(例如,外罩22或第二中間層20)。因此,在通風階段期間,排放流體未如使用先前技術設計之情况被驅出至環境中。而是,排出流體被引導至套12上。排出空氣將流動穿過外罩、囊層及內層並在穿戴者腿部上方流動提供冷却效應至腿部並改良水分蒸發,此係因為外罩22由網材料形成、因為囊層18、20具有開口36及因此內層16係可透氣的。在所繪示之實施例中,排放口64位於腿部之小腿區域中。通常,小腿區域係壓縮治療期間較大百分比之水分累積之位置。排放口64可位於腿部之不同區域而不脫離本發明之範疇。
參考圖8,排放口64可定位在囊層18、20中之開口36正上方以增大撞擊在腿部上之空氣量。當控制器14包含多個排放口64時,其等可大致與開口36對準。若壓縮裝置經組態使得控制器未直接安裝在套上,則控制器之排放口可透過從排放口64延伸至套12之管68(圖9)與套之外表面流體連通。管可經定位使得排出空氣被引導穿過囊層18、20(圖4)中之開口36。
參考圖10,可圍繞接收排出流體之開口36熔接(例如,藉由RF熔接)流體可滲透片70(例如,塑膠片)。在圖10中,開口36係圓形的,但亦可為如圖3及圖4中所示之淚滴狀。片70可如所示熔接至第一中間層 18之內表面及圍繞開口36熔接,以形成用於將進入開口36之流體導離開口之三個流體通道72。通道72導引空氣以促進非位於開口36正下方之穿戴者皮膚之區域之冷卻。舉例而言,設想可形成通道72以導引空氣朝向可能存在更多汗之穿戴者小腿之背面。雖然在所示實施例中片70經熔接以形成三個通道72,但是熟習此項技術者應瞭解更少或更多通道可形成或片可壓印有微凹以提供多個氣路。亦如所瞭解,片及通道組態可被廣泛地稱作導引件。
已詳細描述本發明,應瞭解修改及變化可行而不脫離隨附申請專利範圍中定義之本發明之範疇。
當介紹本發明或其(諸)較佳實施例之元件時,冠詞「一」、「一個」、「該」及「該等」旨在意指存在該等元件之一者或多者。術語「包括」、「包含」及「具有」旨在涵蓋性且意指可能存在除所列元件之外之額外元件。
鑑於上文,可見本發明之數個目標實現且其他有利結果達成。
由於可對上述構造進行各種變更而不脫離本發明之範疇,故上述描述所包含及附圖中所繪示之所有事項應旨在解釋為闡釋性且無限制之意。
10‧‧‧壓縮裝置
12‧‧‧壓縮套
14‧‧‧控制器
20‧‧‧第二中間層/第二囊層
26‧‧‧囊接縫線
28a‧‧‧近端囊
28b‧‧‧中間囊
28c‧‧‧遠端囊

Claims (8)

  1. 一種用於提供壓縮治療至一穿戴者之一肢體之壓縮裝置,該裝置包括:一壓縮衣,其可定位在該穿戴者之該肢體上,該衣包括用於提供壓縮治療至該肢體之一壓縮區域之一可充氣囊;及一控制器,其流體連接至該可充氣囊,且經組態以在一壓縮循環期間使該囊充氣及放氣,該控制器包含一排放口,其經定位以在該囊放氣時,將排放流體導向該壓縮區域,使得排放流體在該穿戴者之該肢體上方流動以冷却該肢體;其中該控制器係攜帶式的且可直接附接至該壓縮衣,當該控制器附接至該壓縮衣時,該排放口直接對置於該壓縮衣之一外表面。
  2. 如請求項1之裝置,其中:該壓縮衣具有一開口;及該排放口經定位以將該排放流體引導穿過該衣中之該開口。
  3. 如請求項2之裝置,進一步包括圍繞該開口而附接至該囊之一導引件,該導引件用於導引被引導至該開口之流體以在該穿戴者之該肢體上方流動。
  4. 如請求項3之裝置,其中該導引件包含從該開口向外徑向延伸之通道。
  5. 如請求項1之裝置,其中:該壓縮衣具有複數個開口;及該控制器具有經組態以在該控制器附接至該衣時將排放流體引導穿過該衣中之該複數個開口之複數個排放口。
  6. 如請求項1之裝置,其中該控制器包括該控制器中之複數個排放 口。
  7. 如請求項1之裝置,其中該壓縮衣進一步包括用於接觸該穿戴者之該肢體以將流體排離該穿戴者之一內排汗層。
  8. 如請求項7之裝置,其中該壓縮衣進一步包括一網外罩。
TW102116093A 2012-06-18 2013-05-06 具有通風冷卻特徵之壓縮系統 TWI501755B (zh)

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CN103505356A (zh) 2014-01-15
EP2676651A1 (en) 2013-12-25
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AU2013204544B9 (en) 2015-02-05
AU2013204544A1 (en) 2014-01-16
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US20130338552A1 (en) 2013-12-19
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