TWI462187B - 半導體元件及其製造方法 - Google Patents
半導體元件及其製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TWI462187B TWI462187B TW098130692A TW98130692A TWI462187B TW I462187 B TWI462187 B TW I462187B TW 098130692 A TW098130692 A TW 098130692A TW 98130692 A TW98130692 A TW 98130692A TW I462187 B TWI462187 B TW I462187B
- Authority
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- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- trench
- metal layer
- semiconductor device
- metal
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 90
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 title claims description 61
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 21
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 168
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 120
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 120
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 229920002120 photoresistant polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910021420 polycrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920005591 polysilicon Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- MZLGASXMSKOWSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum nitride Chemical compound [Ta]#N MZLGASXMSKOWSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium nitride Chemical compound [Ti]#N NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001039 wet etching Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000007517 polishing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910021332 silicide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- FVBUAEGBCNSCDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicide(4-) Chemical compound [Si-4] FVBUAEGBCNSCDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910000449 hafnium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- WIHZLLGSGQNAGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium(4+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Hf+4] WIHZLLGSGQNAGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910003468 tantalcarbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910004129 HfSiO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000231 atomic layer deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 description 2
- UFEQRZNSTCMNSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium(4+) niobium(5+) oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Hf+4].[Nb+5] UFEQRZNSTCMNSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CJNBYAVZURUTKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium(iv) oxide Chemical compound O=[Hf]=O CJNBYAVZURUTKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001459 lithography Methods 0.000 description 2
- NFFIWVVINABMKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylidynetantalum Chemical compound [Ta]#C NFFIWVVINABMKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005549 size reduction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZXEYZECDXFPJRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N $l^{3}-silane;platinum Chemical compound [SiH3].[Pt] ZXEYZECDXFPJRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910017107 AlOx Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000951 Aluminide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JBRZTFJDHDCESZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N AsGa Chemical compound [As]#[Ga] JBRZTFJDHDCESZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052691 Erbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001218 Gallium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000530 Gallium indium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GPXJNWSHGFTCBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Indium phosphide Chemical compound [In]#P GPXJNWSHGFTCBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910017947 MgOx Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015659 MoON Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910004541 SiN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910004200 TaSiN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910026551 ZrC Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OTCHGXYCWNXDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[Zr] Chemical compound [C].[Zr] OTCHGXYCWNXDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OBOYOXRQUWVUFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[Ti+4].[Nb+5] Chemical compound [O-2].[Ti+4].[Nb+5] OBOYOXRQUWVUFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- CAVCGVPGBKGDTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumanylidynemethyl(alumanylidynemethylalumanylidenemethylidene)alumane Chemical compound [Al]#C[Al]=C=[Al]C#[Al] CAVCGVPGBKGDTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001312 dry etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N erbium Chemical compound [Er] UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SCCCLDWUZODEKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanide Chemical compound [GeH3-] SCCCLDWUZODEKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GPMBECJIPQBCKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium telluride Chemical compound [Te]=[Ge]=[Te] GPMBECJIPQBCKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- KQHQLIAOAVMAOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium(4+) oxygen(2-) zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[Zr+4].[Hf+4] KQHQLIAOAVMAOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHJFNYXPKGDKBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium;methane Chemical compound C.[Hf] WHJFNYXPKGDKBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- RPQDHPTXJYYUPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium arsenide Chemical compound [In]#[As] RPQDHPTXJYYUPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005468 ion implantation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- RUFLMLWJRZAWLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel silicide Chemical compound [Ni]=[Si]=[Ni] RUFLMLWJRZAWLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021334 nickel silicide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000414 obstructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021339 platinum silicide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005368 silicate glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021341 titanium silicide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/40—Electrodes ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/41—Electrodes ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by their shape, relative sizes or dispositions
- H01L29/423—Electrodes ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by their shape, relative sizes or dispositions not carrying the current to be rectified, amplified or switched
- H01L29/42312—Gate electrodes for field effect devices
- H01L29/42316—Gate electrodes for field effect devices for field-effect transistors
- H01L29/4232—Gate electrodes for field effect devices for field-effect transistors with insulated gate
- H01L29/42372—Gate electrodes for field effect devices for field-effect transistors with insulated gate characterised by the conducting layer, e.g. the length, the sectional shape or the lay-out
- H01L29/42376—Gate electrodes for field effect devices for field-effect transistors with insulated gate characterised by the conducting layer, e.g. the length, the sectional shape or the lay-out characterised by the length or the sectional shape
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/28—Manufacture of electrodes on semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/268
- H01L21/28008—Making conductor-insulator-semiconductor electrodes
- H01L21/28017—Making conductor-insulator-semiconductor electrodes the insulator being formed after the semiconductor body, the semiconductor being silicon
- H01L21/28026—Making conductor-insulator-semiconductor electrodes the insulator being formed after the semiconductor body, the semiconductor being silicon characterised by the conductor
- H01L21/28105—Making conductor-insulator-semiconductor electrodes the insulator being formed after the semiconductor body, the semiconductor being silicon characterised by the conductor the final conductor next to the insulator having a lateral composition or doping variation, or being formed laterally by more than one deposition step
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66007—Multistep manufacturing processes
- H01L29/66075—Multistep manufacturing processes of devices having semiconductor bodies comprising group 14 or group 13/15 materials
- H01L29/66227—Multistep manufacturing processes of devices having semiconductor bodies comprising group 14 or group 13/15 materials the devices being controllable only by the electric current supplied or the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or switched, e.g. three-terminal devices
- H01L29/66409—Unipolar field-effect transistors
- H01L29/66477—Unipolar field-effect transistors with an insulated gate, i.e. MISFET
- H01L29/66545—Unipolar field-effect transistors with an insulated gate, i.e. MISFET using a dummy, i.e. replacement gate in a process wherein at least a part of the final gate is self aligned to the dummy gate
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66007—Multistep manufacturing processes
- H01L29/66075—Multistep manufacturing processes of devices having semiconductor bodies comprising group 14 or group 13/15 materials
- H01L29/66227—Multistep manufacturing processes of devices having semiconductor bodies comprising group 14 or group 13/15 materials the devices being controllable only by the electric current supplied or the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or switched, e.g. three-terminal devices
- H01L29/66409—Unipolar field-effect transistors
- H01L29/66477—Unipolar field-effect transistors with an insulated gate, i.e. MISFET
- H01L29/66568—Lateral single gate silicon transistors
- H01L29/66575—Lateral single gate silicon transistors where the source and drain or source and drain extensions are self-aligned to the sides of the gate
- H01L29/6659—Lateral single gate silicon transistors where the source and drain or source and drain extensions are self-aligned to the sides of the gate with both lightly doped source and drain extensions and source and drain self-aligned to the sides of the gate, e.g. lightly doped drain [LDD] MOSFET, double diffused drain [DDD] MOSFET
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/28—Manufacture of electrodes on semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/268
- H01L21/28008—Making conductor-insulator-semiconductor electrodes
- H01L21/28017—Making conductor-insulator-semiconductor electrodes the insulator being formed after the semiconductor body, the semiconductor being silicon
- H01L21/28026—Making conductor-insulator-semiconductor electrodes the insulator being formed after the semiconductor body, the semiconductor being silicon characterised by the conductor
- H01L21/28079—Making conductor-insulator-semiconductor electrodes the insulator being formed after the semiconductor body, the semiconductor being silicon characterised by the conductor the final conductor layer next to the insulator being a single metal, e.g. Ta, W, Mo, Al
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/28—Manufacture of electrodes on semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/268
- H01L21/28008—Making conductor-insulator-semiconductor electrodes
- H01L21/28017—Making conductor-insulator-semiconductor electrodes the insulator being formed after the semiconductor body, the semiconductor being silicon
- H01L21/28026—Making conductor-insulator-semiconductor electrodes the insulator being formed after the semiconductor body, the semiconductor being silicon characterised by the conductor
- H01L21/28088—Making conductor-insulator-semiconductor electrodes the insulator being formed after the semiconductor body, the semiconductor being silicon characterised by the conductor the final conductor layer next to the insulator being a composite, e.g. TiN
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/40—Electrodes ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/43—Electrodes ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by the materials of which they are formed
- H01L29/49—Metal-insulator-semiconductor electrodes, e.g. gates of MOSFET
- H01L29/51—Insulating materials associated therewith
- H01L29/517—Insulating materials associated therewith the insulating material comprising a metallic compound, e.g. metal oxide, metal silicate
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66007—Multistep manufacturing processes
- H01L29/66075—Multistep manufacturing processes of devices having semiconductor bodies comprising group 14 or group 13/15 materials
- H01L29/66227—Multistep manufacturing processes of devices having semiconductor bodies comprising group 14 or group 13/15 materials the devices being controllable only by the electric current supplied or the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or switched, e.g. three-terminal devices
- H01L29/66409—Unipolar field-effect transistors
- H01L29/66477—Unipolar field-effect transistors with an insulated gate, i.e. MISFET
- H01L29/665—Unipolar field-effect transistors with an insulated gate, i.e. MISFET using self aligned silicidation, i.e. salicide
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Electrodes Of Semiconductors (AREA)
- Insulated Gate Type Field-Effect Transistor (AREA)
Description
本發明係有關於一種半導體元件,特別有關於一種半導體元件的閘極結構及其製造方法。
隨著半導體的製造技術朝向尺寸縮減邁進,在某些積體電路(IC)設計上,希望將一般所使用的多晶矽閘極以金屬閘極取代,藉此在尺寸縮減的情況下可增加元件的效能,金屬閘極結構(例如包括金屬閘極而不是多晶矽閘極)的提供可對半導體元件的尺寸縮減提供一解決方法。金屬閘極堆疊的製程稱為後閘極(gate last)製程,其最終的閘極堆疊在最後製造,可以減少後續製程的步驟,後續製程包含高溫製程,其必須在閘極形成之後進行。此外,隨著電晶體的尺寸縮小,閘極氧化層的厚度也必須縮減,以隨著縮減的閘極長度而維持元件效能。為了降低閘極漏電流,通常使用高介電常數(high-k)的閘極絕緣層,其可以容許較大的閘極絕緣層厚度,並且可以維持與較大半導體元件尺寸技術所使用的一般閘極氧化層相同的有效厚度。
然而,對於上述的結構及製程之實施,在互補式金氧半導體(complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor,簡稱CMOS)的製程中仍有許多問題。隨著閘極長度縮減,有一些問題會惡化,例如在後閘極製程中,當在溝槽內沈積金屬膜以形成金屬閘極時會產生空隙。隨著閘極長度縮減,溝槽尺寸也減小,沈積金屬至溝槽內變得更困難,且形成空隙的機率也增加。
本發明之一實施例提供一種半導體元件的製造方法,該方法包括:提供基底,包含偽閘極結構形成於其上;移除偽閘極結構形成溝槽;形成第一金屬層於基底之上填充溝槽的一部份;形成保護層於溝槽剩餘的部分內;移除第一金屬層未受到保護的部分;從溝槽內移除保護層;以及形成第二金屬層於基底之上填充溝槽剩餘的部分。
此外,本發明之另一實施例提供一種半導體元件,包括:半導體基底;源極區和汲極區設置於半導體基底上;以及閘極結構設置於半導體基底上,介於源極區和汲極區之間,其中該閘極結構包括:界面層設置於半導體基底之上;高介電常數介電層設置於界面層之上;以及金屬閘極,設置於高介電常數介電層之上,該金屬閘極包含第一金屬層和第二金屬層,其中第一金屬層設置於閘極結構之側壁的一部份上,且第二金屬層設置於閘極結構之側壁的另一部份上。
本發明之又另一實施例提供一種半導體元件的製造方法,該方法包括:提供半導體基底;形成閘極結構於半導體基底上,該閘極結構包含高介電常數介電層和偽多晶矽閘極;移除偽多晶矽閘極,在閘極結構內提供溝槽;沈積第一金屬層於半導體基底之上,部分地填充溝槽:形成光阻層在第一金屬層上,填充溝槽剩餘的部分;回蝕刻光阻層,使得在溝槽內的第一金屬層被光阻層的一部份保護;移除第一金屬層未受到保護的部分;從溝槽內移除光阻層;以及沈積第二金屬層於半導體基底之上以填充溝槽。
為了讓本發明之上述目的、特徵、及優點能更明顯易懂,以下配合所附圖式,作詳細說明如下:
本發明係有關於在基底上形成積體電路元件,特別有關於積體電路(包含場效電晶體(FET)元件)之閘極結構的製造方法。可以理解的是,以下所提供的各種實施例係用以說明本發明之各種特徵的實施方式,以下所述之元件及配置的各種特殊例子係用以簡化本發明之說明,其僅作為實施例,並非用以限定本發明。此外,以下所述之各實施例中所出現的重複標號以及/或代號,係用以簡化說明或使描述清楚,並不代表各實施例以及/或各狀態之間的關係。另外,以下所述係以金屬閘極之後閘極製程作為實施例,然而,在此技術領域中具有通常知識者當可瞭解,也可以使用其他製程以及/或其他材料。
請參閱第1、2及3圖,其係顯示在後閘極製程的各製程階段中,半導體元件的剖面示意圖。各製程階段的元件分別以元件100、200及300表示。元件100的一個或一個以上之特徵可以被包含在元件200及300內,並且大抵上維持不變,除非特別指明。元件100、200及300可以是在積體電路製程中的中間元件,或者是元件的一部份,其可以包括靜態隨機存取記憶體(static random access memory,簡稱SRAM)以及/或其他邏輯電路、被動元件例如電阻器、電容器及電感,以及主動元件例如P-通道場效電晶體(P-channel field effect transistor,簡稱PFET)、N-通道場效電晶體(NFET)、金氧半導體場效電晶體(metal-oxide semiconductor field effect transistor,簡稱MOSFET)、互補式金氧半導體(CMOS)電晶體、雙極性電晶體(bipolar transistors)、高壓電晶體(high voltage transistors)、高頻電晶體(high frequency transistors)、其他記憶元件(memory cells)以及前述之組合。
半導體元件100包含基底102,在基底102上形成淺溝槽隔絕(shallow trench isolation,簡稱STI)結構104、源極/汲極區106(包含源極/汲極延伸區108)、閘極介電層110、接點112、接點蝕刻停止層(contact etch stop layer,簡稱CESL)114、間隙壁116、偽閘極圖案(dummy gate pattern)118、硬遮罩層120以及介電層122。
在一實施例中,基底102包含結晶的矽基底,例如晶圓,基底102可包含各種摻雜狀態,其取決於設計需求,例如p型摻雜基底或n型摻雜基底。在其他實施例中,基底102還可以包含其他元素的半導體,例如鍺(germanium)及鑽石。此外,基底102還可以包含化合物半導體,例如碳化矽(silicon carbide)、砷化鎵(gallium arsenide)、砷化铟(indium arsenide)或磷化铟(indium phosphide)。另外,基底102可選擇性地包含磊晶層(epitaxial layer),其可以形變(strained)以提升元件性能,以及/或可包含絕緣層上覆矽(silicon-on-insulator,簡稱SOI)結構。
在基底102內形成的淺溝槽隔絕結構(STI)104可使得一個或一個以上的元件互相隔絕,淺溝槽隔絕結構(STI)104可包含氧化矽、氮化矽、氮氧化矽、摻氟矽玻璃(fluoride-doped silicate glass,簡稱FSG)以及/或低介電常數材料。其他的隔絕方法以及/或結構也可以取代STI或附加於STI。STI結構104的形成可以是在基底102上進行反應離子蝕刻(reactive ion etch,簡稱RIE)製程形成溝槽,然後再以沈積法填充絕緣材料在溝槽內,接著進行化學機械研磨(CMP)製程。
利用偽閘極圖案118形成的閘極結構可以是P-通道或N-通道狀態,偽閘極圖案118為犧牲層,偽閘極圖案118可包含多晶矽。在一實施例中,偽閘極圖案118可包含非晶矽。偽閘極圖案118可由MOS製程形成,例如沈積多晶矽、微影技術、蝕刻以及/或其他合適的方法。
閘極介電層110可包含高介電常數(high-k)材料,在一實施例中,高介電常數材料包括二氧化鉿(HfO2),在其他實施例中,高介電常數材料包括矽氧化鉿(HfSiO)、氮氧化鉿矽(HfSiON)、鉭氧化鉿(HfTaO)、鈦氧化鉿(HfTiO)、鋯氧化鉿(HfZrO)、前述之組合以及/或其他合適的材料。半導體元件100可更包括各種其他的介電層以及/或導電層,例如界面層(interfacial layer)以及/或覆蓋層(capping layer)設置於偽閘極圖案118之下。在一實施例中,覆蓋層例如為介電層形成於閘極介電層110上,覆蓋層可調整後續形成的金屬閘極之功函數。覆蓋層可包括金屬氧化物(例如LaOx、MgOx、AlOx)、金屬合金氧化物(例如BaTiOx、SrTiOx、PbZrTiOx)、前述之組合以及/或其他合適的材料。在另一實施例中,於閘極介電層上形成金屬層,其上覆蓋的金屬層可以調整後續形成的閘極之功函數。
間隙壁116可以在偽閘極圖案118的兩側側壁上形成,間隙壁116可由氧化矽、氮化矽、氮氧化矽、碳化矽、摻氟矽玻璃(FSG)、低介電常數材料、前述之組合以及/或其他合適的材料所形成。間隙壁116可具有多層結構,例如包含一層或一層以上的襯層,例如襯層117。襯層117可包含介電材料,例如氧化矽、氮化矽以及/或其他合適的材料。形成間隙壁116的方法可以包含沈積合適的介電材料,以及非等向性地蝕刻此材料,形成間隙壁116的輪廓。
硬遮罩層120可包含氮化矽、氮氧化矽、碳化矽以及/或其他合適的材料,形成硬遮罩層120的方法例如為化學氣相沈積法(chemical vapor deposition,簡稱CVD)、物理氣相沈積法(physical vapor deposition,簡稱PVD)或原子層沈積法(atomic layer deposition,簡稱ALD)。在一實施例中,硬遮罩層120的厚度介於約100至500之間。
源極/汲極區106包含形成於基底102上的輕摻雜源極/汲極區,如區域108所示,以及重摻雜源極/汲極區。可藉由植入p型或n型摻雜物或不純物至基底102而形成源極/汲極區106,摻雜型態取決於希望的電晶體型態。形成源極/汲極區106的方法包括微影技術、離子植入、擴散以及/或其他合適的製程。接點112耦接至源極/汲極區106,可包含矽化物,接點112可藉由自我對準矽化(self-aligned silicide,或稱salicide)製程形成於源極/汲極區106上。接點112可包含矽化鎳(nickel silicide)、矽化鈷(cobalt silicide)、矽化鎢(tungsten silicide)、矽化鉭(tantalum silicide)、矽化鈦(titanium silicide)、矽化鉑(platinum silicide)、矽化鉺((erbium silicide)、矽化鈀(palladium silicide)或前述之組合。接點蝕刻停止層(CESL)114可由氮化矽、氮氧化矽以及/或其他合適的材料所形成,接點蝕刻停止層(CESL)114之組成的選擇可由其對於半導體元件100之一個或一個以上額外的結構之蝕刻選擇比決定。
介電層122例如為層間介電層(ILD),可利用化學氣相沈積法(CVD)、高密度電漿化學氣相沈積法(HDPCVD)、旋轉塗佈法(spin-on)、濺鍍法(sputtering)或其他合適的方法形成於接點蝕刻停止層(CESL)114之上。介電層122可包含氧化矽、氮氧化矽或低介電常數材料。在一實施例中,介電層122為高密度電漿(HDP)介電層。
在後閘極製程中,可以將偽閘極圖案118移除,使得偽閘極圖案118的位置內形成金屬閘極結構。因此,可利用化學機械研磨製程(CMP)將介電層122平坦化至到達偽閘極圖案118的頂部為止,如第2圖的元件200所示。平坦化之後,可以將偽閘極圖案118移除,如第3圖的元件300所示。例如,將多晶矽選擇性地蝕刻,以移除偽閘極圖案118。選擇性地移除偽閘極圖案118可形成溝槽302,在溝槽302內可形成金屬閘極。可使用濕蝕刻以及/或乾蝕刻移除偽閘極圖案118,在一實施例中,濕蝕刻製程包括暴露在含氫氧化物的溶液例如氫氧化銨(ammonium hydroxide)中、去離子水以及/或其他合適的蝕刻溶液中。
參閱第4圖和第5圖,其係顯示依據本發明之一實施例形成金屬閘極的剖面示意圖。第4圖中的元件400包含金屬閘極材料沈積至溝槽302內,金屬閘極材料可包含一層或一層以上的材料,例如襯層材料、提供閘極適當的功函數之材料、閘極的電極材料以及/或其他合適的材料。然而,沈積形成金屬閘極所需的一層或一層以上的材料可能會造成溝槽302的填充不完全,例如,沈積第一金屬402例如金屬襯層以及/或功函數金屬可能會在溝槽302的開口處形成突出物404,突出物404的形成可能是因為在高深寬比(aspect ratio)的溝槽內填充較困難所導致。後續沈積的金屬層406可能會在溝槽302內形成一個或一個以上的空隙,例如空隙408。
參閱第5圖,在元件400上進行化學機械研磨製程,以提供元件500及形成金屬閘極510。在元件500中顯示金屬閘極510與空隙408一起形成,因此,空隙可能會增加元件的電阻值例如Rs。經由更進一步的化學機械研磨製程可以減少空隙408,例如降低閘極的高度,但是這可能會造成其他問題,例如在通道上的應力減少(例如對於應變元件會造成應力降低的缺點)以及/或電晶體的效能可能會衰退。因此,由第4圖和第5圖可說明後閘極製程的缺點,其最後形成的溝槽之深寬比會造成沈積材料使其部分或完全地填充溝槽有困難。
參閱第6圖,其係顯示半導體元件的製造方法600之流程圖,其中包含以後閘極製程形成金屬閘極。請一併參閱第7至15圖,其係顯示依據第6圖的方法600,在各製程步驟中半導體元件700的剖面示意圖。半導體元件700與第1至3圖中的半導體元件100、200和300相似,因此,在第1至3圖以及第7-15圖中相似的結構以相同的標號標示,以達到簡化及清楚之目的。
方法600由步驟602開始,其中半導體元件包含電晶體結構,電晶體結構包含偽閘極結構118,偽閘極結構118可包含偽多晶矽閘極結構,在第7圖中,半導體元件700大抵上與元件100相似,其相關說明請參閱上述關於第1圖的描述。
閘極介電層110可包含高介電常數材料,在一實施例中,高介電常數材料包括二氧化鉿(HfO2),在其他實施例中,高介電常數材料包括矽氧化鉿(HfSiO)、氮氧化鉿矽(HfSiON)、鉭氧化鉿(HfTaO)、鈦氧化鉿(HfTiO)、鋯氧化鉿(HfZrO)、前述之組合以及/或其他合適的材料。半導體元件100可更包括各種其他的介電層以及/或導電層,例如界面層(interfacial layer)以及/或覆蓋層(capping layer)設置於偽閘極圖案118之下。
接著,在方法600的步驟604中,進行化學機械研磨製程,在第8圖中,化學機械研磨製程可以使元件700平坦化,並暴露出偽閘極結構118。最後形成的元件700大抵上與元件200相似,其相關說明請參閱上述關於第2圖的描述。
接著,在方法600的步驟606中,將偽閘極結構移除,在第9圖中,移除偽閘極結構118之後可提供溝槽302,例如在基底中的開口,在溝槽內可以形成金屬閘極。在溝槽302的側壁及底部可以塗佈襯層117,在一實施例中,襯層117可以是SiO2、SiN、SiON以及/或其他合適的材料。襯層117可被包含在間隙壁的結構中。
接著,在方法600的步驟608中,沈積第一金屬層以部分地填充溝槽,在第10圖中,沈積的金屬層702可以是任何適合形成金屬閘極或部分的金屬閘極之金屬材料,包含功函數層、襯層、界面層、種子層、黏著層、阻障層等等。金屬層702可包含一層或一層以上,包括Ti、TiN、TaN、Ta、TaC、TaSiN、W、WN、MoN、MoON以及/或其他合適的材料。金屬層702可以由物理氣相沈積法(PVD)或其他合適的方法形成。可以沈積的金屬包含P型金屬材料以及N型金屬材料,P型金屬材料的組成可包括釕(ruthenium)、鈀(palladium)、鉑(platinum)、鈷(cobalt)、鎳(nickel)、導電金屬氧化物以及/或其他合適的材料。N型金屬材料的組成可包括鉿(hafnium)、鋯(zirconium)、鈦(titanium)、鉭(tantalum)、鋁(aluminum)、金屬碳化物例如碳化鉿(hafnium carbide)、碳化鋯(zirconium carbide)、碳化鈦(titanium carbide)、碳化鋁(aluminum carbide)、鋁化物(aluminides)以及/或其他合適的材料。金屬層702的沈積會在溝槽302的開口處形成突出物704,突出物704的形成是由於在高深寬比的溝槽中填充較困難所導致。
接著,在方法600的步驟610中,形成光阻層在第一金屬層之上,在第11圖中,可利用旋轉塗佈法在金屬層702上形成光阻層710。因此,即使有突出物704的存在,光阻層710還是可以填充溝槽302剩餘的部分。更進一步地,在光阻層710上進行軟烤步驟,將光阻層710中的溶劑蒸發掉。
接著,在方法600的步驟612中,對光阻層進行回蝕刻製程,在第12圖中,光阻的回蝕刻製程可以除去光阻層710的一部份,並且此製程可在金屬層702停止。因此,光阻層712仍殘留在溝槽302中,以保護溝槽內的金屬層702。值得注意的是,光阻層710並未經由曝光而圖案化,但在回蝕刻製程中使用光阻層712。
接著,在方法600的步驟614中,進行蝕刻製程以移除第一金屬層的一部份。在第13圖中,蝕刻製程可包括濕蝕刻製程,其選擇性地移除金屬層702未被光阻層712保護的部份,例如功函數金屬被部分地移除。在溝槽302的開口處之金屬層702的突出物704以及部分的金屬層720及722可以在蝕刻製程中被移除,因此,金屬層730(功函數金屬)仍留在溝槽302的底部以及部分的側壁上。
接著,在方法600的步驟616中,光阻層從溝槽302內移除。利用蝕刻製程或其他合適的製程可將殘留在溝槽302內的光阻層712移除,例如可使用顯影劑將光阻層712移除,因為光阻層例如為負型的光阻其並未被曝光,因此可以被顯影劑溶解。
接著,在方法600的步驟618中,沈積第二金屬層填充溝槽剩餘的部分,在第14圖中,可以沈積填充金屬層(fill metal layer)740,其大抵上或完全地填充在溝槽302剩餘的部分內,包含功函數金屬730。填充金屬層740可包含鎢(tungsten;W)、鋁(aluminum;Al)、鈦(titanium;Ti)、氮化鈦(titanium nitride;TiN)、鉭(tantalum;Ta)、氮化鉭(tantalum nitride;TaN)、鈷(cobalt;Co)、銅(copper;Cu)、鎳(nickel;Ni)、前述之組合以及/或其他合適的材料。填充金屬層740可以利用化學氣相沈積法(CVD)、物理氣相沈積法(PVD)、電鍍法以及/或其他合適的方法沈積。值得注意的是,一些填充金屬層740可能會形成在溝槽302之側壁的頂部表面上,因此,金屬閘極結構可包含填充金屬層740,填充金屬層740在頂部表面(相對於基底而言)的長度(沿著通度長度量測)大於在底部表面(接近基底)的長度。
接著,在方法600的步驟620中,進行化學機械研磨製程。在第15圖中,化學機械研磨製程將半導體元件700平坦化,此平坦化製程可將沈積在溝槽結構302外的填充金屬層740移除,化學機械研磨製程使得半導體元件700具有金屬閘極結構750,更進一步地,金屬閘極結構750大抵上沒有空隙。閘極結構可包含功函數金屬730、閘極填充金屬材料740以及閘極介電層110(包含界面層與覆蓋層)。
在實施例中,方法600可繼續延伸至包含其他製程步驟,例如沈積保護層、形成接點、內連線結構(例如導線及導孔、金屬層以及層間介電層,其可以提供電性連接至包含金屬閘極的元件)
因此,在第7至15圖中所述的半導體元件700及方法600可以改善金屬閘極的形成,例如包含將空隙的形成最小化以及/或消除,如第4圖和第5圖中所示的半導體元件400和500。因此,元件的效能及可靠度可經由方法600改善。
綜上所述,可實施後閘極製程形成金屬閘極結構,形成金屬閘極結構的問題可藉由在溝槽內沈積填充金屬層之前,將溝槽開口處(例如頂部開口)之金屬膜的突出物移除而減少。特別是,可以進行光阻回蝕刻製程,保護在溝槽內下方的金屬膜,未受到光阻保護的金屬膜之突出物以及其他部分可藉由蝕刻製程移除。因此,後續沈積的填充金屬層可以輕易地完全填充在溝槽內,形成金屬閘極結構。因此,即使元件尺寸持續縮減至先進技術世代(例如45nm或以下),仍可以降低以及/或消除在金屬閘極結構內形成空隙的風險。更進一步地,閘極的高度可以藉由本發明之方法精確地控制,不會有因為利用化學機械研磨製程移除突出物而產生過研磨(overpolish)的問題,而且也不會有閘極高度減少的問題。可以理解的是,上述實施例提供不同的優點,並且所有的實施例並不需要特定的優點。
因此,在此所揭露的實施例係提供方法及元件,其包含經修飾的溝槽結構,可以防止或降低在後閘極製程中金屬閘極形成不完全的風險。雖然本發明已揭露較佳實施例如上,然其並非用以限定本發明,在此技術領域中具有通常知識者當可瞭解,在不脫離本發明之精神和範圍內,當可做些許更動與潤飾。例如雖然上述方法係以後閘極方式實施,但在此所揭露的方法也可以用於複合式製程,其中一種金屬閘極可由前閘極製程形成,並且其他種的金屬閘極可由後閘極製程形成。更進一步地,雖然在此所揭示的光阻材料係用以保護溝槽底部的金屬,然而也可以使用其他高分子材料,因為對於回蝕刻製程而言,並不需要曝光製程。因此,本發明之保護範圍當視後附之申請專利範圍所界定為準。
100、200、300、400、500、700...半導體元件
102...基底
104...淺溝槽隔絕結構
106...源極/汲極區
108...源極/汲極延伸區
110...閘極介電層
112...接點
114...接點蝕刻停止層
116...間隙壁
117...襯層
118...偽閘極圖案
120...硬遮罩層
122...介電層
302...溝槽
402...第一金屬
404、704...突出物
406、702、720、722、730...金屬層
408...空隙
510...金屬閘極
600...製造方法
602、604、606、608、610、612、614、616、618、620...步驟
710、712...光阻層
740...填充金屬層
750...金屬閘極結構
第1至3圖係顯示依據本發明一實施例之後閘極製程的各製程步驟中,半導體元件的剖面示意圖。
第4和5圖係顯示依據本發明一實施例之後閘極製程的金屬沈積步驟中,半導體元件的剖面示意圖。
第6圖係顯示依據本發明之一實施例,閘極的製造方法之流程圖,其包含依據本發明之各種特徵的後閘極製程。
第7至15圖係顯示依據第6圖的方法,各製程步驟中半導體元件的剖面示意圖。
700...半導體元件
102...基底
104...淺溝槽隔絕結構
106...源極/汲極區
110...閘極介電層
114...接點蝕刻停止層
116...間隙壁
122...介電層
730...金屬層
740...填充金屬層
750...金屬閘極結構
Claims (14)
- 一種半導體元件的製造方法,包括:提供一基底,包含一偽閘極結構形成於該基底上;移除該偽閘極結構,形成一溝槽;形成一第一金屬層於該基底之上,填充該溝槽的一部份;形成一保護層於該溝槽的一剩餘部分內,且該保護層的表面與位於該基底之上的該溝槽的表面齊平;回蝕刻以移除該保護層之一部分以使受到該回蝕刻後之該保護層與該溝槽之該上表面齊平;移除該第一金屬層的一未受到保護的部分,其中在該移除過程中,該受回蝕刻之保護層仍維持與該溝槽之該上表面齊平;移除該溝槽內的該保護層;以及形成一第二金屬層於該基底之上,填充該溝槽。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之半導體元件的製造方法,其中形成該保護層的步驟包括:以旋轉塗佈法塗佈一光阻層至該第一金屬層上,且填充該溝槽的該剩餘部分;以及進行一回蝕刻製程,移除該光阻層的一部份,該回蝕刻製程在該第一金屬層停止。
- 如申請專利範圍第2項所述之半導體元件的製造方法,其中形成該保護層的步驟更包括在進行該回蝕刻製程之前,對該光阻層進行軟烤步驟。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之半導體元件的製造 方法,更包括:形成一高介電常數介電層在該基底與該偽閘極結構之間;以及形成一界面層在該基底與該高介電常數介電層之間。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之半導體元件的製造方法,更包括在該第二金屬層上進行一化學機械研磨(CMP)步驟。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之半導體元件的製造方法,其中該第一金屬層包括一P型功函數金屬或一N型功函數金屬。
- 如申請專利範圍第6項所述之半導體元件的製造方法,其中該第二金屬層的材料包括鎢(W)、鋁(Al)、鈦(Ti)、氮化鈦(TiN)、鉭(Ta)、氮化鉭(TaN)、鈷(Co)、銅(Cu)、鎳(Ni)或前述之組合。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之半導體元件的製造方法,其中該偽閘極結構包括一偽多晶矽閘極結構。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之半導體元件的製造方法,其中移除該第一金屬層之該未受到保護的部分的步驟包括進行一濕蝕刻製程,選擇性地移除該第一金屬層。
- 一種半導體元件的製造方法,包括:提供一半導體基底;形成一閘極結構於該半導體基底上,該閘極結構包含一高介電常數介電層和一偽多晶矽閘極; 移除該偽多晶矽閘極,在該閘極結構內形成一溝槽;沈積一第一金屬層於該半導體基底之上,部分地填充該溝槽:形成一光阻層於該第一金屬層上,填充該溝槽的一剩餘部分,且該光阻層的表面與位於該基底之上的該溝槽的一上表面齊平;回蝕刻該光阻層,使得在該溝槽內的該第一金屬層被該光阻層的一部份保護,且回蝕刻後該光阻層的表面與該溝槽的表面齊平;移除該第一金屬層之一未受到保護的部分;從該溝槽內移除該光阻層的該部份;以及沈積一第二金屬層於該半導體基底之上,填充該溝槽。
- 如申請專利範圍第10項所述之半導體元件的製造方法,其中形成該光阻層的步驟包括:以旋轉塗佈法將該光阻層塗佈至該第一金屬層上;以及對該光阻層進行一軟烤步驟。
- 如申請專利範圍第10項所述之半導體元件的製造方法,更包括:形成一層間介電層(ILD)於該半導體基底之上,且包含在該閘極結構之上;以及在該層間介電層上進行一化學機械研磨(CMP)步驟,暴露出該偽多晶矽閘極。
- 如申請專利範圍第10項所述之半導體元件的製 造方法,其中該第一金屬層為一功函數金屬層,且該第二金屬層為一填充金屬層。
- 如申請專利範圍第10項所述之半導體元件的製造方法,更包括在該第二金屬層上進行一化學機械研磨(CMP)步驟,移除該第二金屬層在該溝槽外的部分。
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US20120012948A1 (en) | 2012-01-19 |
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