TWI428322B - 4-〔4-({〔4-氯-3-(三氟甲基)苯基〕胺甲醯基}胺基)-3-氟苯氧基〕-n-甲基吡啶-2-羧醯胺單水合物 - Google Patents
4-〔4-({〔4-氯-3-(三氟甲基)苯基〕胺甲醯基}胺基)-3-氟苯氧基〕-n-甲基吡啶-2-羧醯胺單水合物 Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
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Description
本發明係關於4-[4-({[4-氯-3-(三氟甲基)苯基]胺甲醯基}胺基)-3-氟苯氧基]-N-甲基吡啶-2-羧醯胺單水合物,其製備方法,包含其之醫藥組成物以及其用於控制疾病的用途。
4-[4-({[4-氯-3-(三氟甲基)苯基]胺甲醯基}胺基)-3-氟苯氧基]-N-甲基吡啶-2-羧醯胺曾被述於WO 2005/009961中,以及相當於式(I)化合物:
WO 2005/009961中披露作為酵素Raf激酶抑制劑的式(I)化合物,其可被用於治療血管新生及/或過度增殖扮演重要角色的疾病,例如在腫瘤生長和癌症中。
式(I)化合物的製備方法已述於WO 2005/009961中以及相當於其後被稱為多形體I之具有186~206℃熔點、特徵X-光繞射圖、IR光譜、拉曼(Raman)光譜、FIR光譜、NIR光譜及13
C固態NMR光譜的多形體(表1~7、第1~7圖)。
本發明提供相當於式(II)化合物之單水合物型的式(I)
化合物:
式(II)化合物含有3.6%重量比的水。與式(I)化合物的多形體I比較,該式(II)化合物具有清礎可分辨的X-光繞射圖、NIR光譜、FIR光譜、IR光譜、13
C固態NMR光譜及拉曼光譜(第2~7圖)。
式(II)化合物在醫藥組成物的製造中具有令人驚訝的高穩定性。
式(II)化合物係以高純度用於醫藥配製物上。為了穩定性上的理由,一醫藥配製物主要包含式(II)化合物以及無顯著比例的另一型式(I)化合物,例如式(I)化合物的另一種多形體。該醫藥組成物相對組成物內之式(II)化合物的總量較佳為含有高於90%重量比的式(II)化合物,更佳為高於95%重量比。
本發明亦係關於利用式(II)化合物及其組成物治療哺乳動物之過度增殖性疾病的方法。此方法包含將可有效治療該疾病之本發明式(II)化合物或其組成物投與至需其之包括人類的哺乳動物。過度增殖性疾病包括但不侷限於實體瘤如乳房、呼吸道、腦、生殖器官、消化道、尿道、眼、
肝、皮膚、頭和頸、甲狀腺、副甲狀腺的癌症及其遠端轉移。這些疾病亦包括淋巴瘤、肉瘤和白血病。
乳瘓的實例包括但不侷限於侵犯性乳管癌、侵犯性乳葉型乳癌、乳管原位癌,以及乳葉原位癌。
呼吸道癌症的實例包括但不侷限於小細胞和非小細胞肺癌,以及支氣管腺癌和胸膜肺母細胞瘤。
腦瘤的實例包括但不侷限於腦幹和下丘腦膠質瘤、小腦和腦星狀細胞瘤、髓母細胞瘤、室管膜瘤,以及神經外胚層和松果體腫瘤。
雄性生殖器官腫瘤包括但不侷限於前列腺和睪丸癌。雌性生殖器官腫瘤包括但不侷限於子宮內膜、子宮頸、巢卵、陰道和外陰癌,以及子宮肉瘤。
消化道的腫瘤包括但不侷限於肛門、結腸、結直腸、食道、膽囊、胃、胰臟、直腸、小腸和唾液腺癌。
尿道的腫瘤包括但不侷限於膀胱、陰莖、腎、腎盂、輸尿管和尿道癌。
眼癌包括但不侷限於眼球內黑色素瘤和視網膜母細胞瘤。
肝癌的實例包括但不侷限於肝細胞癌(有或無纖維板層變異的肝細胞癌)、膽管癌(肝內膽管癌),以及混合型肝細胞膽管癌。
皮膚癌包括但不侷限於扁平細胞癌、卡波西氏(Kaposi)肉瘤、惡性黑色素瘤、牟克耳氏(Merkel)皮膚細胞癌,以及非黑色素皮膚癌。
頭和頸部癌症包括但不局限於喉/咽下/鼻咽/口咽癌,以及脣和口腔癌。
淋巴癌包括但不侷限於AIDS相關淋巴癌、非何杰金氏淋巴癌、皮膚T細胞淋巴癌、何杰金氏病,以及中樞神經系統淋巴癌。
肉瘤包括但不侷限於軟組織肉瘤、骨肉瘤、惡性纖維組織細胞瘤、淋巴肉瘤,以及橫紋肌肉瘤。
白血病包括但不侷限於急性骨髓性白血病、急性淋巴細胞性白血病、慢性淋巴細胞性白血病、慢性髓細胞性白血病,以及髮樣細胞白血病。
這些疾病已清楚定性於人類,但亦以相同病因存在於其他哺乳動物,以及可藉由投與本發明的組成物進行治療。
已知根據標準實驗室技術可評估用於治療高度增殖性疾病的化合物,藉由標準毒性試驗和藉由標準藥學檢測法以測定治療上述哺乳動物的治療情況,以及藉由這些結果與用於治療這些疾病之已知藥物的結果相比較,可輕易地測定用於治療各所欲適應症之本發明化合物的有效劑量。用於治療其一上述疾病的活性成分用量將視特定的化合物和劑量單位、給藥模式、治療時間、接受治療病人的年齡和性別,以及被治療疾病的性質和程度而不同。
本發明進一步提供式(II)化合物於製備用於治療上述疾病之醫藥組成物的用途。
可單獨投與本發明的式(II)化合物或在不導致不良副作用之下與一或多種其他的藥物組合使用。例如,本發明之式(II)化合物可組合已知的抗高度增殖或其他藥劑等以及混合物和其組合物。
可加入組成物的選擇性抗高度增殖劑包括,但不侷限列舉於第11版默克藥典(1996)內之癌症化療藥的化合物,將其併入於此以供參考,例如天門冬醯胺酶、博萊黴素(bleomycin)、卡鉑(carboplatin)、卡莫司汀(carmustine)、苯丁酸氮芥(chlorambucil)、順鉑(cisplatin)、左旋天門冬醯胺酶(colaspase)、環磷醯胺、阿拉伯胞嘧啶糖苷(cytarabine)、達卡巴嗪(dacarbazine)、放線黴素(dactinomycin)、柔紅比星(daunorubicin)、多柔比星(adriamycine)、表柔比星(epirubicin)、表鬼臼毒素(etoposide)、5-氟尿嘧啶、六甲基蜜胺、羥基脲、異環磷醯胺(ifosfamide)、伊立替康(irinotecan)、亞葉酸(leucovorin)、洛莫司汀(lomustine)、氮芥氣(mechlorethamine)、6-巰嘌呤(6-mercaptopurine)、美司鈉(mesna)、甲胺蝶呤(methotrexate)、絲裂黴素C、米托蒽醌(mitoxantrone)、去氫皮質醇(prednisolone)、去氫可體松、丙卡巴肼(procarbazine)、雷洛昔芬(raloxifen)、鏈脲佐菌素(streptozocin)、他莫昔芬(tamoxifen)、硫鳥嘌呤、托普替康(topotecan)、長春花鹼、長春新鹼,以及長春地辛(vindesine)。
適合與本發明組成物組合的其他抗高度增殖劑包括,但不侷限於Goodman & Gilman's治療的藥理學基礎(第9
版)Molinoff等人編輯McGraw-Hill出版第1225~1287頁(1996)中之用於治療腫瘤疾病的化合物,將其併入於此以供參考,例如胺魯米特(aminoglutethimide)、左旋天門冬醯胺酶、硫唑嘌呤(azathioprine)、5-氮雜胞苷(5-azacytidine)、克拉屈濱(cladribine)、白消安(busulfan)、乙烯雌酚(diethyl stilbestrol)、2’,2’-二氟去氧胞苷、多西紫杉醇(decetaxel)、紅羥基壬基腺嘌呤(erythrohydroxynonyladenine)、乙炔基雌二醇、5-氟去氧尿苷、5-氟去氧尿苷單磷酸鹽、磷酸氟達拉濱(fludarabine phosphate)、氟甲睾酮(fluoxymesterone)、氟卡胺(flutamide)、羥孕酮己酸醇、伊達比星(idarubicin)、干擾素、甲羥孕酮醋酸酯、甲地孕酮醋酸酯、美法侖(melphalan)、米托坦(mitotane)、太平洋紫杉醇、噴司他汀(pentostatin)、N-磷醯乙醯基左旋天門冬醯胺酸鹽(PALA)、光輝黴素(plicamycin)、司莫司汀(semustine)、替尼泊苷(teniposide)、丙酸睾酮、塞替派(thiotepa)、三甲基蜜胺(trimethylmelamine)、尿核苷(uridine),以及長春瑞賓(vinorelbine)。
適合與本發明組成物組合的其他抗高度增殖劑包括,但不侷限於其他抗腫瘤劑例如埃坡黴素(epothilone)及其衍生物、伊立替康、雷洛昔芬(raloxifen)和托普替康(topotecan)。
通常,使用細胞毒性及/或細胞抑制劑與本發明之化合物或組成物組合的目的為:(1)與單獨投與個別藥劑比較產生降低或甚至消除腫
瘤的較佳效力;(2)可給予較低劑量的化學治療劑;(3)提供病人比單一化療劑和某些其他組合療法較少有害併發症及較高忍受性的化學治療法;(4)用於治療較大範圍之不同癌症類型特別指人類的哺乳動物;(5)在接受治療病人之間產生較高的反應率;(6)與標準化療法比較提供接受治療病人較長的存活時間;(7)延長腫瘤惡化的時間;及/或(8)與已知可產生拮抗效應的其他抗癌劑比較至少與單獨藥劑有相同的藥效及忍受性。
用於本發明目的之“組合”一詞不僅指含全部成分(亦稱為固定組合)的劑型及含分開成分的組合包裝亦指同時或連續被投與之預防或治療相同疾病的成分。
可利用已知的方法將根據本發明組合物的活性成分轉變成普通的配製物,其可為液態或固態配製物。實例為錠劑、包衣錠劑、藥丸、膠囊、顆粒、噴霧、糖漿、乳液、懸浮液、溶液。
由於根據本發明的組合物具有極佳的忍受性以及在一些情況下甚至僅需使用低劑量,因而可被製成各種不同的配製物。因此,一種方法為分開配製根據本發明組合的各別活性成分。此時,並非絕對必然需要同時服用該各別的
成分;相反地,若依序服用可能有助於達到最適當的藥效。進行此類分開給藥時較佳為同時將該各別活性成分之配製物如錠劑或膠囊的組合置入一適當的主包裝內。被置入主包裝內的活性成分可為分開的容器舉例如玻璃管、玻璃瓶或泡殼包裝。此類分開包裝的成分可被共同置入主包裝內,其亦稱為一套組。
較佳及適合用於根據本發明組合物的進一步不同配製物亦為固定組合。此處”固定組合”意指以固定比例的量將成分放置一起的醫藥形式。此類固定組合可為例如口服溶液的形式,但其較佳為固態口服醫藥製劑如膠囊或錠劑。
本發明亦係關於含有本發明式(II)化合物的醫藥組成物。這些組成物藉由投與至需其之病人可被用於達到所欲的醫療效應。用於本發明之目的時,一病人指需治療特定病症或疾病之包括人類的哺乳動物。因此,本發明包括含有醫藥上可接受載劑及醫藥上有效量之本發明式(II)化合物的醫藥組成物。醫藥上可接受載劑係指相對無毒性以及在有效活性成分濃度下不造成載劑所引起有害病人之副作用而損及活性成分有益效應的任何載劑。醫藥上有效量的化合物指對特定疾病可導致或產生治療效應的藥量。本發明之式(II)化合物可利用技術中習知的任何有效單位劑型與醫藥上可接受載劑被投與,包括即釋、緩釋和長效型製劑、口服、腸道外、局部、鼻腔、眼部、光學、舌下、直
腸、陰道等。
用於口服給藥時,式(II)化合物可被配製成固態或液態製劑例如固態分散體、膠囊、藥丸、錠劑、喉錠、糖衣錠、熔錠、粉末、溶液、懸浮液或乳液,以及根據技術中習知的方法可被製成醫藥組成物。該固體單位劑型可為含有例如表面活性劑、潤滑劑和惰性充填劑如乳糖、蔗糖、磷酸鈣和玉米澱粉之一般硬或軟殼凝膠型膠囊。
在另一具體實施例中,本發明之式(II)化合物的錠劑可混合習知的錠劑基質如乳糖、蔗糖和玉米澱粉及結合黏合劑如阿拉伯膠、玉米澱粉或凝膠;投與後幫助錠劑崩解和溶解的分解劑如馬鈴薯澱粉、褐藻酸、玉米澱粉和關華豆膠、黃薯樹膠、阿拉伯膠;改善錠劑顆粒化流動性和避免錠劑材料黏附至錠模和沖壓器表面的潤滑劑例如滑石粉、硬脂酸或硬脂酸鎂、鈣或鋅;染料;著色劑;以及調味劑如薄荷、冬清油或櫻桃口味,此可增加錠劑的美觀以及使其更易被病人所接受。用於口服液態劑型內的適合賦形劑包括添加或不添加醫藥上可接受表面活性劑、懸浮劑或乳化劑的磷酸氫鈣及稀釋劑如水和酒精如乙醇、芐醇和聚乙二醇。可使用各種其他材料作為外膜或改變劑型的物理形狀。例如錠劑、藥丸或膠囊可被包覆蟲膠、糖或二者。
可分散粉末及顆粒適合用於製備水性懸浮液。其活性成分可混合分散劑或濕潤劑、懸浮劑和一或多種防腐劑。適合的分散劑或濕潤劑及懸浮劑已舉例如上。亦可含有其他的賦形劑如上述的甜味劑、調味劑和著色劑。
本發明之醫藥組成物亦可為水包油乳液的劑型。其油相可為植物油例如液態石蠟或植物油的混合物。適合的乳化劑可為(1)天然樹膠如阿拉伯膠和黃蓍樹膠;(2)天然磷脂如大豆和卵磷酯;(3)衍自脂肪酸和己糖醇酐的酯或偏酯例如山梨糖單油酸酯;(4)該偏酯與氧化乙烯的縮合產物例如聚氧乙烯山梨糖單油酸酯。該乳液亦可含有甜味劑和調味劑。
油性懸浮液的配製可藉由懸浮活性成分於植物油內舉例如花生油、橄欖油、芝麻油或椰子油,或於礦物油內例如液態石蠟。該油性懸浮液可含有增稠劑舉例如蜂蠟、硬石蠟或鯨蠟醇。該懸浮液亦可含有一或多種的防腐劑例如對羥基苯甲酸乙酯或正丙酯;一或多種的著色劑;一或多種的調味劑;以及一或多種的甜味劑如蔗糖或糖精。
糖漿和酏劑的配製可利用甜味劑舉例如甘油、丙二醇、山梨糖醇或蔗糖。此類配製物亦可含有緩和劑及防腐劑如對羥基苯甲酸甲酯和丙酯以及調味劑和著色劑。
本發明之式(II)化合物亦可經由腸道外被給藥,亦即經由皮下、靜脈內、眼內、關節滑膜內、肌肉內或腹腔內,化合物的可注射劑型係混合於生理上可接受稀釋液與醫藥上載劑內,其可為經滅菌液體或液體混合物如水、食鹽水、含水葡萄糖和相關糖溶液;酒精如乙醇、異丙醇或十六烷基醇;二元醇如丙二醇或聚乙二醇;甘油縮酮例如2,2-二甲基-1,1-二烷-4-甲醇;醚例如聚(乙二醇)400;油、脂肪酸、脂肪酸酯或脂肪酸甘油酯,或乙醯基化脂肪酸甘油酯,
其可添加或不添加醫藥上可接受表面活性劑例如肥皂或清潔劑、懸浮劑如果膠、卡波姆(carbomers)、甲基纖維素、羥丙基甲基纖維素或羧甲基纖維素;或乳化劑及其他醫藥上佐劑。
可用於本發明之腸道外配製物內的油類為取自石油、動物、植物或合成來源者,例如花生油、大豆油、芝麻油、綿籽油、玉米油、橄欖油、石油和礦物油。適合的脂肪酸包括油酸、硬脂酸、異硬脂酸和肉豆蔻酸。適合的脂肪酸酯為例如油酸乙酯和肉豆蔻酸異丙酯。適合的肥皂包括脂肪酸鹼金屬、銨和三乙醇胺鹽以及適合的清潔劑包括陽離子清潔劑例如二甲基二烷基鹵化銨、烷基鹵化吡啶鹽和烷基胺醋酸鹽;陰離子清潔劑例如烷基、芳基和烯羥磺酸鹽、烷基、烯烴、醚和單甘油硫酸酯和磺基琥珀酸酯;非離子清潔劑例如氧化脂肪胺、烷基醇醯胺脂肪酸和聚(氧乙烯-氧丙烯)或氧化乙烯或氧化丙烯共聚物;及兩性清潔劑例如烷基-β-胺丙酸酯和2-烷基咪唑啉季銨鹽,以及其混合物。
本發明之腸道外組成物一般含有溶液內從約0.5%至約25%重量比的活性成分。亦可利用防腐劑和緩衝劑的優點。為減少或消除注射部位的刺激,此類組成物可含具有從約12至約17之親水-親油平衡(HLB)的非離子表面活性劑。此類配製物內的表面活性劑含量可從約5%至約15%重量比。該表面活性劑可為具有上述HLB的單一成分或二或多種具有所需HLB之成分的混合物。
用於腸道外配製物的舉例性表面活性劑為聚乙烯山梨
糖醇脂肪酸酯的一類例如山梨糖醇單油酸酯以及藉由氧化丙烯與丙二醇之縮合作用所形成之氧化乙烯與疏水性基質的高分子量加成物。
醫藥組成物可為滅菌可注射水性懸浮液的劑型。此類懸浮液的配製可根據習知的方法利用適合的分散或濕潤劑和懸浮劑舉例如羧甲基纖維素鈉、甲基纖維素、羥丙基甲基纖維素、褐藻酸鈉、聚乙烯吡咯啶酮、黃蓍樹膠和阿拉伯膠;天然磷脂的分散劑或濕潤劑例如卵磷脂;氧化烯烴與脂肪酸的縮合產物例如硬脂酸聚氧乙烯酯;氧化乙烯與長鏈脂族醇的縮合產物例如十七烷乙烯氧鯨蠟醇;氧化乙烯與衍自脂肪酸和己糖醇之偏酯的縮合產物例如例如聚氧乙烯山梨糖醇單油酸酯;或氧化乙烯與衍自脂肪酸和己糖醇酐之偏酯的縮合產物例如聚氧乙烯山梨糖醇酐單油酸酯。
滅菌可注射製劑亦可為在無毒性腸道外可接受稀釋劑或溶劑內的滅菌可注射溶液或懸浮液。可運用的稀釋劑和溶劑為例如水、林格氏液、等張氯化鈉溶液和等張葡萄糖溶液。此外,通常使用滅菌固定油作為溶劑或懸浮介質。用於此目的時,可使用任何無刺激性的固定油包括合成單-或二酸甘油酯。此外,可使用例如油酸之脂肪酸於可注射製劑內。
本發明之組成物亦可經由直腸給藥之栓劑的劑型被投與。這些組成物的製備可藉由混合藥物與適合的非刺激性賦形劑,其在常溫下為固體但在肛溫下被液化因此在直腸
內被溶解而釋出藥物。此類材料為例如可可脂和聚乙二醇。
用於本發明方法的另一種配製物為利用經皮傳遞裝置(貼片)。此類經皮貼片可在控制藥量下連續或間斷地傳遞本發明的化合物。用於傳遞藥物之經皮貼片的構造和使用方法已為技術中所習知(請看例如核准於1991年6月11日的美國專利案5,023,252,將其併入於此以供參考)。此類貼片被製造成可連續、脈釋或隨選釋出藥物。
用於腸道外給藥的控釋配製物包括技術中所習知的脂質、聚合微球和聚合凝膠配製物。
亦可經由機械傳遞裝置將醫藥組成物引入病人體內。用於傳遞藥劑之機械傳遞裝置的構造和使用方法已為技術中所習知。直接給藥例如直接投與至腦內的技術一般利用可通過血腦障隔的藥物輸送管直接將藥物傳遞至病人腦室內。用於輸送藥物至病人特定解剖區域的一種此類可植入傳遞系統已曾被描述於1991年4月30日核准的美國專利案5,011,472內。
本發明之醫藥組成物亦可為固態分散體的劑型。該固態分散體可為固態溶液、玻璃溶液、玻璃懸浮液、結晶載體內的多晶形沈澱、共晶或偏晶、形成化合物或複合物,以及其組合。
本發明最重要的一態樣為包含固態分散體的醫藥組成物,其中其基質包含醫藥上可接受聚合物例如聚乙烯吡咯啶酮、乙烯吡咯啶酮/醋酸乙烯酯共聚物、聚亞烷基二醇(即,聚乙二醇)、羥烷基纖維素(即,羥丙基纖維素)、羥烷
基甲基纖維素(即,羥丙基甲基纖維素)、羧甲基纖維素、羧甲基纖維素鈉、乙基纖維素、聚丙烯酸甲酯、聚乙烯醇、聚酯酸乙烯酯、乙烯醇/醋酸乙酯共聚物、聚乙醇酸化甘油、三仙膠、黃蓍樹膠、幾丁聚糖、甲殼素、聚糊精、糊精、澱粉和蛋白質。
本發明另一種態樣為包含固態分散體的醫藥組成物,其中該基質包含糖及/或糖醇及/或環糊精例如蔗糖、乳糖、果糖、麥芽糖、棉籽糖(faffinose)、山梨糖醇、乳糖醇、甘露糖醇、麥芽糖醇、赤藻糖醇、肌醇、海藻糖、異麥芽糖醇、菊醣(inulin)、麥芽糖糊精、β-環糊精、羥丙基-β-環糊精或磺酸丁基醚環糊精。
用於固態分散體之基質配製物內的其他適合載劑包括,但不侷限於醇、有機酸、有機鹼、胺基酸、磷脂、蠟、鹽、脂肪酸酯、聚氧乙烯山梨糖酐脂肪酸酯,以及尿素。
式(II)化合物之固態分散體內的基質可含有某些其地的醫藥上可接受成分,例如表面活性劑、充填劑、分解劑、再結晶抑制劑、增塑劑、消泡劑、抗氧化劑、防黏劑、pH-調節劑、滑動劑和潤滑劑。
可根據技術中習知的方法製備本發明的固態分散體,例如融合/熔化技術、熱熔擠壓、溶劑揮發(即,冷凍乾燥、噴霧乾燥或顆粒粉末層覆)、共沈澱、超臨界流體技術和靜電紡絲法。
本發明之組成物在需要或必要時亦可含有通常指載劑或稀釋劑之其他習知的醫藥上可接受摻合成分。可利用製
造適當劑型之組成物的習知程序。此類成分和程序包括述於下列參考文件中者,分別將其併入於此以供參考:Powell,M.F.等人,"腸道外配方的賦形劑手冊
”,PDA Journal of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology
,1998,52(5):238~311;Strickley,R.G.,"美國上市之腸道外配方的小分子治療劑(1999)第一篇
",PDA Journal of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology
,1999,53(6):324~349;以及Nema,S.等人,”賦形劑與其在可注射產品內的用途
”,PDA Journal of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology
,1997,51(4):166~171。
配製用於其一般投與途徑之組成物的常用醫藥成分包括:酸化劑
(實例包括但不侷限於醋酸、檸檬酸、富馬酸、氫氯酸、硝酸);烷化劑
(實例包括但不侷限於氨溶液、碳酸銨、二乙醇胺、單乙醇胺、氫氧化鉀、硼酸鈉、碳酸鈉、氫氧化鈉、三乙醇胺、trolamine);吸附劑
(實例包括但不侷限於粉末纖維素和活性碳);推噴劑
(實例包括但不侷限於二氧化碳、CCl2
F2
、F2
ClC-CClF2
和CClF3
);排氣劑
(實例包括但不侷限於氮和氬氣);抗真菌防腐劑
(實例包括但不侷限於苯甲酸、對羥基苯甲酸丁酯、對羥基苯甲酸乙酯、對羥基苯甲酸甲酯、對羥
基苯甲酸丙酯、苯甲酸鈉);抗微生物防腐劑
(實例包括但不侷限於氯化芐烷銨、苯基氯化銨、芐醇、氯化鯨蠟基吡啶鹽、氯丁醇、苯酚、苯乙基醇、硝酸苯汞和硫枊汞(thimerosal));抗氧化劑
(實例包括但不侷限於抗壞血酸、抗壞血酸棕櫚酸酯、丁基羥基苯甲醚、丁基羥基甲苯、次磷酸、單硫代甘油、沒食子酸丙酯、抗壞血酸鈉、亞硫酸鈉、次硫酸甲醛鈉、偏亞硫酸鈉);黏合材料
(實例包括但不侷限於嵌段聚合物、天然及合成橡膠、聚丙烯酸酯、聚胺基甲酸酯、矽膠、聚矽氧烷和苯乙烯-丁二烯共聚物);緩衝劑
(實例包括但不侷限於偏磷酸鉀、磷酸二鉀、醋酸鈉、無水檸檬酸鈉和二水檸檬酸鈉);載運劑
(實例包括但不侷限於阿拉伯膠、芳香糖漿、芳香酏、櫻桃糖漿、可可糖漿、柑橘糖漿、糖漿、玉米油、礦物油、花生油、芝麻油、滅菌氯化鈉注射液和滅菌水注射液);螯合劑
(實例包括但不侷限於依地酸二鈉和依地酸);著色劑
(實例包括但不侷限於FD&C紅色3號、FD&C紅色20號、FD&C黃色6號、FD&C藍色2號、FD&C綠色5號、FD&C橘色5號、FD&C紅色8號、焦糖和紅色氧化鐵);澄清劑
(實例包括但不侷限於膨潤土);乳化劑
(實例包括但不侷限於阿拉伯膠、聚氧乙烯十六
醇醚(cetomacrogol)、鯨蠟醇、單硬脂酸甘油酯、卵磷脂、山梨糖醇單油酸酯、單硬脂酸聚氧乙烯50);包囊劑
(實例包括但不侷限於凝膠和醋酸酞酸酯纖維素);調味劑
(實例包括但不侷限於茴香油、肉桂油、可可、薄荷醇、柑橘油和香草精);濕潤劑
(實例包括但不侷限於甘油、丙二醇和山梨糖醇);勻磨劑
(實例包括但不侷限於礦物油和甘油);油類
(實例包括但不侷限於花生油、礦物油、橄欖油、花生油、芝麻油和植物油);軟膏基質
(實例包括但不侷限於羊毛脂、親水軟膏、聚乙二醇軟膏、礦酯、親水礦酯、白藥膏、黃藥膏和玫瑰香水軟膏);滲透加強劑(經皮傳遞)
(實例包括但不侷限於單羥基或多羥基醇、單或多元醇、飽和或不飽和脂肪醇、飽和或不飽和脂肪酸酯、飽和或不飽和二甲酸、精油、磷脂醯基衍生物、腦啡(cephalin)、萜烯、醯胺、醚、酮和尿素);增塑劑
(實例包括但不侷限於酞酸二乙酯和甘油);溶劑
(實例包括但不侷限於乙醇、玉米油、綿籽油、甘油、異丙醇、礦物油、油酸、花生油、純水、注射用水、注射用滅菌水和灌注用滅菌水);硬化劑
(實例包括但不侷限於鯨蠟醇、鯨蠟基酯蠟、微晶蠟、石蠟、硬脂醇、白蠟和黃蠟);栓劑基質
(實例包括但不侷限於可可脂和聚乙二醇(混合));表面活性劑
(實例包括但不侷限於氯化芐烷銨、壬苯醇醚10、辛基酚聚醚9、聚山梨糖醇酯80、月桂基硫酸鈉和山梨糖醇酐單棕櫚酸酯);懸浮劑
(實例包括但不侷限於瓊脂、膨潤土、卡波姆、羧甲基纖維素鈉、羥乙基纖維素、羥丙基纖維素、羥丙基甲基纖維素、白陶土、甲基纖維素、黃蓍樹膠和矽酸鎂鋁(veegum));甜味劑
(實例包括但不侷限於阿斯巴甜、右旋糖、甘油、甘露糖醇、丙二醇、糖精鈉、山梨糖醇和蔗糖);劑劑抗黏著劑
(實例包括但不侷限於硬脂酸鎂和滑石粉);錠劑黏合劑
(實例包括但不侷限於阿拉伯膠、褐藻酸、羧甲基纖維素鈉、可壓縮糖、乙基纖維素、凝膠、液態葡萄糖、甲基纖維素、非交聯聚乙烯吡咯啶酮和預糊化澱粉);錠劑和膠囊稀釋劑
(實例包括但不侷限於雙鹼式磷酸鈣、白陶土、乳糖、甘露糖醇、微晶纖維素、粉末纖維素、沈澱碳酸鈣、碳酸鈉、磷酸鈉、山梨糖醇和澱粉);錠劑包衣劑
(實例包括但不侷限於液態葡萄糖、羥乙基纖維素、羥丙基纖維素、羥丙基甲基纖維素、甲基纖維素、乙基纖維素、醋酸酞酸酯纖維素和蟲膠);錠劑直接壓製賦形劑
(實例包括但不侷限於雙鹼式磷酸鈣);錠劑分解劑
(實例包括但不侷限於褐藻酸、羧甲基纖維素鈣、微晶纖維素、波拉克林鉀(polacrillin potassium)、交聯聚乙烯吡咯啶酮、褐藻酸鈉、澱粉乙醇酸鈉和澱粉);錠劑滑動劑
(實例包括但不侷限於矽膠、玉米澱粉和滑石粉);錠劑潤滑劑
(實例包括但不侷限於硬脂酸鈣、硬脂酸鎂、礦物油、硬脂酸和硬脂酸鋅);錠劑/膠囊遮光劑
(實例包括但不侷限於二氧化鈦);錠劑拋光劑
(實例包括但不侷限於棕櫚蠟(carnauba wax)和白蠟);增稠劑
(實例包括但不侷限於蜂蠟、鯨蠟醇和石蠟);張力劑
(實例包括但不侷限於右旋糖和氯化鈉);增稠劑
(實例包括但不侷限於褐藻酸、膨潤土、卡波姆、羧甲基纖維素鈉、甲基纖維素、聚乙烯吡咯啶酮、褐藻酸鈉和黃蓍樹膠);以及濕潤劑
(實例包括但不侷限於十七烷乙烯氧鯨蠟醇、卵磷脂、山梨醇單油酸酯、聚氧乙烯山梨醇單油酸酯和硬脂酸聚氧乙烯酯)。
已認為熟練本技術者可利用上述資訊將本發明發揮至極緻。儘管如此,下列為可用於本發明方法內之醫藥配製物的實例。其僅供說明之目的,以及在任何情況下不應被推論為本發明僅侷限於該範圍內。
根據本發明的醫藥組成物說明如下: 滅菌靜脈注射溶液
:滅菌製劑的製備可利用:(i)100~1000毫克之冷凍乾燥粉末的本發明化合物;(ii)32~327毫克/毫升的檸檬酸鈉;以及(iii)300~3000毫克的葡聚糖40。以滅菌、可注射食鹽水或5%右旋糖將該配製物重構成10至20毫克/毫升的濃度,其進一步以食鹽水或5%右旋糖稀釋至0.2~0.4毫克/毫升,以及在15~60分鐘期間內藉由靜脈注射或點滴投與。
肌肉內懸浮液
:可製備用於肌肉內注射的下列溶液或懸浮液:50毫克/毫升的所需水不可溶本發明化合物;5毫克/毫升的羧甲基纖維素鈉;4毫克/毫升的TWEEN 80;9毫克/毫升的氯化鈉;9毫克/毫升的芐醇。
硬殼膠囊
:藉由將100毫克活性成分粉末、150毫克乳糖、50毫克纖維素和6毫克硬脂酸鎂充填入兩件式凝膠硬膠囊內製造大量的單位劑量膠囊。
凝膠軟膠囊
:製備食用油如大豆油、綿籽油或橄欖油內的活性成分混合物以及藉由正往復式泵將其注入溶融凝膠內以形成含100毫克活性成分的凝膠軟膠囊。將該膠囊清洗和乾燥。該活性成分可被溶解於聚乙二醇、甘油和山梨糖醇的混合物內以製備水可混合藥物混合物。
錠劑
:藉由習知技術製備大量的錠劑其單位劑量內含有
100毫克活性成分、0.2毫克二氧化矽膠體、5毫克硬脂酸鎂、275毫克微晶纖維素、11毫克澱粉和98.8毫克乳糖。塗佈適當的含水和不含水包膜以增加適口性、改善外觀和穩定性或延遲吸收。
即釋錠劑/膠囊
:藉由習知和新穎方法製造這些固態口服劑型。這些單位劑型可無需水之下被口服而立即溶解和輸送藥物。該活性成分係混合於含如糖、凝膠、果膠和甜味劑之成分的液體內。這些液體藉由冷凍乾燥和固態萃取技術被固化成固體錠劑或膠囊。該藥物混合物可與黏滯彈性和熱彈性糖及聚合物或發泡成分共同壓錠而產生不需水分的即釋型多孔基質。
根據評估化合物用於治療高度增殖性疾病的已知標準實驗室技術、藉由用於測定治療哺乳動物上述疾病的標準毒性試驗及標準藥學檢測,以及藉由這些結果與已知用於治療這些疾病之藥物的結果相比較可輕易地測定出用於治療各所需適應症之本發明化合物的有效劑量。用於治療其中一疾病的活性成分用量將視特定化合物和使用的劑型、給藥模式、治療期間、接受治療病人的年齡和性別,以及被治療疾病之性質和嚴重程度而有極大的不同。
活性成分的每天總投與量通常為從約0.001毫克/公斤至約200毫克/公斤,以及較佳為從約0.01毫克/公斤至約20毫克/公斤體重。一單位劑型內含有從約0.5毫克至約
1500毫克的活性成分,以及每天可投與一或多次。藉由包括靜脈、肌肉內、皮下和腸道外注射以及點滴灌注技術的每天投藥量較佳為從0.01至200毫克/公斤的總體重。每天直腸內的投藥量較佳為從0.01至200毫克/公斤的總體重。每天陰道內的投藥量較佳為從0.01至200毫克/公斤的總體重。局部的投藥量較佳為每天投與從0.1至200毫克一至四次。經皮給藥的濃度較佳為每天可維持從0.01至200毫克/公斤的劑量。每天的吸入劑量較佳為從0.01至100毫克/公斤的總體重。
各病人的初始和維持劑量將視臨診醫師所測定的疾病性質和嚴重程度、所使用特定化合物的活性、病人的年齡和健康狀況、給藥時間、給藥途徑、藥物排泄速率、合併藥物等而定。熟習本技術者利用習知的治療檢測法可確定本發明化合物或其醫藥上可接受鹽或酯類或組成物的所需治療模式及給藥次數。
本發明進一步提供一種製備式(II)化合物的方法,其係藉由WO 2005/009961中所述將該式(I)化合物如多形體I溶解於惰性溶劑內然後加入水直至式(II)化合物沈澱而獲得。依此可獲得式(II)化合物。
本發明同樣提供一種製備式(II)化合物的方法,其係藉由WO 2005/009961中所述將該式(I)化合物如多形體I懸浮於水性溶劑內然後攪拌或振盪直至達到所需轉變程度時
為止。分離及乾燥該結晶。依此可獲得式(II)化合物。
適合的惰性溶劑為低級醇例如甲醇、乙醇、正丙醇、異丙醇、正丁醇、第二丁醇、異丁醇、1-戊醇;酮類例如丙酮;烷烴例如正戊烷、環戊烷、正己烷、環己烷;四羥呋喃;乙腈;甲苯;醋酸乙酯;1,4-二烷;上述溶劑的混合物;或上述溶劑與水的混合物。較佳為丙酮、甲醇、乙醇,上述溶劑的混合物。
製備式(II)化合物較佳為藉由WO 2005/009961中所述將該式(I)化合物如多形體I溶解於乙醇內然後加入水直至式(II)化合物沈澱時為止。依此可獲得式(II)化合物。
製備式(II)化合物同樣較佳為藉由WO 2005/009961中所述將該式(I)化合物如多形體I懸浮於水性溶劑內然後攪拌或振盪直至在25℃達到所需轉變程度時為止。分離及乾燥該結晶。依此可獲得式(II)化合物。
此過程通常在大氣壓力下進行。然而,其亦可在較高或較低壓力下進行(例如從0.5至5巴的範圍內)。
已認為熟練本技術者可利用上述資訊及技術中已知的資訊將本發明發揮至極緻。
熟習該項技術者在不偏離本發明此處說明的精神或範圍之下可進行各種的變化及改良。
將上和下文中所引述的全部公告案、申請案和專利案併入於此以供參考。
除非另有明述,否則試驗及實例中的重量數據為其重量百分比;分率為分率重量比。液/液溶液的溶劑比例、稀
釋比例和濃度數據係根據其體積上的比例。
利用DSC 7或Pyris-1微差掃瞄熱量計和取自Perkin-Elmer公司的TGA 7熱重分析儀獲得熱像圖。X光繞射圖係記錄於Stoe傳輸衍射儀內。利用IFS 66v(IR、FIR)、IFS 28/N(NIR)和Bruker公司的RFS 100(拉曼)傅氏光譜儀記錄IR、FIR、NIR和拉曼光譜。利用Bruker公司的NMR光譜儀DRX400記錄13
C-固態NMR光譜。
實例1.1
將依照WO 2005/009961中所述製造的多形體I之400毫克4-[4-({[4-氯-3-(三氟甲基)苯基]胺甲醯基}胺基)-3-氟苯氧基]-N-甲基吡啶-2-羧醯胺溶解於丙酮內然後過濾該溶液。加入至1/4過濾物的水直至沈澱為止。過濾該沈澱物然後在環境濕度的室溫下乾燥。進行樣本的重量分析,證明其相當於標題化合物。
實例1.2
將依照WO 2005/009961中所述製造的多形體I之400毫克4-[4-({[4-氯-3-(三氟甲基)苯基]胺甲醯基}胺基)-3-氟苯氧基]-N-甲基吡啶-2-羧醯胺溶解於50毫升的乙醇內然後過濾該溶液。將1/4的溶液置入冷凍櫃內使其在約-20℃結
晶直至溶劑完全揮發為止。藉由X-光繞射法測定殘留物,證明其相當於標題化合物。
實例1.3
將依照WO 2005/009961中所述製造的多形體I之100毫克4-[4-({[4-氯-3-(三氟甲基)苯基]胺甲醯基}胺基)-3-氟苯氧基]-N-甲基吡啶-2-羧醯胺懸浮於2毫升乙腈:水(1:1)的混合物內然後在25℃下振盪。在一週之後過濾該懸浮液然後在環境濕度的室溫下乾燥其殘留物。進行殘留物的重量分析,證明其相當於標題化合物。
實例1.4
將依照WO 2005/009961中所述製造的多形體I之100毫克4-[4-({[4-氯-3-(三氟甲基)苯基]胺甲醯基}胺基)-3-氟苯氧基]-N-甲基吡啶-2-羧醯胺懸浮於2毫升四氫呋喃:水(1:1)的混合物內然後在10℃下攪拌。在兩週之後過濾該懸浮液然後在環境濕度的室溫下乾燥其殘留物。藉由X-光繞射法測定該殘留物以及證明其相當於標題化合物。
第1圖:4-[4-({[4-氯-3-(三氟甲基)苯基]胺甲醯基}胺基)-3-氟苯氧基]-N-甲基吡啶-2-羧醯胺單水合物及多形體I的DSC-和TGA-熱像圖;第2圖:4-[4-({[4-氯-3-(三氟甲基)苯基]胺甲醯基}胺基)-3-氟苯氧基]-N-甲基吡啶-2-羧醯胺單水合物(第一)及多形體I(第二)的X-光繞射圖;第3圖:4-[4-({[4-氯-3-(三氟甲基)苯基]胺甲醯基}胺基)-3-氟苯氧基]-N-甲基吡啶-2-羧醯胺單水合物(第一)及多形體I(第二)的IR光譜;第4圖:4-[4-({[4-氯-3-(三氟甲基)苯基]胺甲醯基}胺基)-3-氟苯氧基]-N-甲基吡啶-2-羧醯胺單水合物(第一)及多形體I(第二)的拉曼光譜;第5圖:4-[4-({[4-氯-3-(三氟甲基)苯基]胺甲醯基}胺基)-3-氟苯氧基]-N-甲基吡啶-2-羧醯胺單水合物(第一)及多形體I(第二)的FIR光譜;
第6圖:4-[4-({[4-氯-3-(三氟甲基)苯基]胺甲醯基}胺基)-3-氟苯氧基]-N-甲基吡啶-2-羧醯胺單水合物(第一)及多形體I(第二)的NIR光譜;第7圖:4-[4-({[4-氯-3-(三氟甲基)苯基]胺甲醯基}胺基)-3-氟苯氧基]-N-甲基吡啶-2-羧醯胺單水合物(第一)及多形體I(第二)的13
C-固態NMR光譜。
Claims (15)
- 一種式(II)化合物
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之化合物,其X-光繞射法中顯示21.2之2 θ角的最大峰值。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之化合物,其FIR光譜顯示353公分-1 的最大峰值。
- 一種用於製備如申請專利範圍第1至3項中任一項之式(II)化合物的方法,其包括溶解4-[4-({[4-氯-3-(三氟甲基)苯基]胺甲醯基}胺基)-3-氟苯氧基]-N-甲基吡啶-2-羧醯胺以及加入水直至沈澱。
- 一種如申請專利範圍第1至3項中任一項之式(II)化合物的製備方法,其包含將4-[4-({[4-氯-3-(三氟甲基)苯基]胺甲醯基}胺基)-3-氟苯氧基]-N-甲基吡啶-2-羧醯胺懸浮於水性溶劑內然後攪拌或振盪直至轉變成式(II)化合物。
- 如申請專利範圍第1至3項中任一項的式(II)化合物,其用於治療高度增殖性疾病。
- 如申請專利範圍第1至3項中任一項的式(II)化合物,其用於治療實體瘤;淋巴瘤;肉瘤;白血病;乳房、 呼吸道、腦、生殖器官、消化道、尿道、眼、肝、皮膚、頭和頸、甲狀腺及/或副甲狀腺的癌症。
- 一種如申請專利範圍第1至3項中任一項的式(II)化合物於製備用於治療高度增殖性疾病之醫藥組成物的用途。
- 如申請專利範圍第8項之用途,其用於治療實體瘤;淋巴瘤;肉瘤;白血病;乳房、呼吸道、腦、生殖器官、消化道、尿道、眼、肝、皮膚、頭和頸、甲狀腺及/或副甲狀腺的癌症。
- 一種醫藥組成物,其包含如申請專利範圍第1至3項中任一項的式(II)化合物以及一或多種惰性、無毒性的醫藥上適合賦形劑。
- 如申請專利範圍第10項中任一項之醫藥組成物,其用於治療疾病。
- 一種組合物,其包含如申請專利範圍第1至3項中任一項的式(II)化合物以及一或多種其他藥劑。
- 如申請專利範圍第12項之組合物,其中該一或多種其他藥劑為細胞毒性劑、信號傳遞抑制劑、抗癌劑或止吐劑。
- 如申請專利範圍第10項之醫藥組成物,其包含一或多種其他藥劑。
- 如申請專利範圍第14項之醫藥組成物,其中該一或多種其他藥劑為抗高度增殖劑、細胞毒性劑、信號傳遞 抑制劑、抗癌劑及/或止吐劑。
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- 2007-10-08 UY UY30633A patent/UY30633A1/es not_active Application Discontinuation
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- 2007-10-10 PE PE2007001368A patent/PE20081459A1/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2007-10-10 PA PA20078750301A patent/PA8750301A1/es unknown
- 2007-10-11 CL CL200702930A patent/CL2007002930A1/es unknown
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2009
- 2009-02-27 TN TN2009000072A patent/TN2009000072A1/fr unknown
- 2009-03-03 IL IL197369A patent/IL197369A/en active IP Right Grant
- 2009-03-11 CO CO09025191A patent/CO6150132A2/es unknown
- 2009-03-12 GT GT200900057A patent/GT200900057A/es unknown
- 2009-03-13 CR CR10663A patent/CR10663A/es unknown
- 2009-03-13 SV SV2009003187A patent/SV2009003187A/es unknown
- 2009-03-18 HN HN2009000499A patent/HN2009000499A/es unknown
- 2009-04-09 ZA ZA200902469A patent/ZA200902469B/xx unknown
- 2009-05-08 MA MA31857A patent/MA30878B1/fr unknown
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2013
- 2013-09-16 CY CY20131100798T patent/CY1114637T1/el unknown
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2014
- 2014-05-14 US US14/277,095 patent/US20140315958A1/en not_active Abandoned
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2018
- 2018-01-30 US US15/884,103 patent/US20180194730A1/en not_active Abandoned
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