TWI419878B - 雜配、雙三芽釕錯合物以及敏化染料太陽能電池製備 - Google Patents
雜配、雙三芽釕錯合物以及敏化染料太陽能電池製備 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TWI419878B TWI419878B TW099132723A TW99132723A TWI419878B TW I419878 B TWI419878 B TW I419878B TW 099132723 A TW099132723 A TW 099132723A TW 99132723 A TW99132723 A TW 99132723A TW I419878 B TWI419878 B TW I419878B
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- group
- formula
- solar cell
- aryl
- hydrogen
- Prior art date
Links
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 22
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 21
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 19
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000000392 cycloalkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000004366 heterocycloalkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000000592 heterocycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000001235 sensitizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000005865 C2-C10alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- SNOOUWRIMMFWNE-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;6-[(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoyl)amino]hexanoate Chemical compound [Na+].COC1=CC(C(=O)NCCCCCC([O-])=O)=CC(OC)=C1OC SNOOUWRIMMFWNE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000006374 C2-C10 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002843 carboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical group OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- KVPKHHOWXUGIAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N trisulfanium phosphate Chemical group [SH3+].[SH3+].[SH3+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O KVPKHHOWXUGIAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical group [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002923 oximes Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 30
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N DMSO Substances CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- -1 amino (amino) Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 101000651310 Desulfitobacterium hafniense (strain Y51) Trigger factor 2 Proteins 0.000 description 7
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetone Substances CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Thiocyanate anion Chemical compound [S-]C#N ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrazine group Chemical group NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IKDUDTNKRLTJSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrazine hydrate Chemical compound O.NN IKDUDTNKRLTJSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen thiocyanate Natural products SC#N ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- QDRKDTQENPPHOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium ethoxide Chemical compound [Na+].CC[O-] QDRKDTQENPPHOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012327 Ruthenium complex Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000000862 absorption spectrum Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000001273 sulfonato group Chemical group [O-]S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 3
- STSCVKRWJPWALQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N TRIFLUOROACETIC ACID ETHYL ESTER Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(F)(F)F STSCVKRWJPWALQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiophene Chemical compound C=1C=CSC=1 YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000001769 aryl amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000000852 azido group Chemical group *N=[N+]=[N-] 0.000 description 2
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000005561 phenanthryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000002467 phosphate group Chemical group [H]OP(=O)(O[H])O[*] 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000967 suction filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000000446 sulfanediyl group Chemical group *S* 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000001544 thienyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- ODHXBMXNKOYIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylamine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1N(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 ODHXBMXNKOYIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000027 (C1-C10) alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000008 (C1-C10) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003837 (C1-C20) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- ISHFYECQSXFODS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 1,2-dimethyl-3-propylimidazol-1-ium;iodide Chemical compound [I-].CCCN1C=C[N+](C)=C1C ISHFYECQSXFODS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- PYWHOKPCBHLTBO-AATRIKPKSA-N 1-tert-butyl-4-[(e)-prop-1-enyl]benzene Chemical compound C\C=C\C1=CC=C(C(C)(C)C)C=C1 PYWHOKPCBHLTBO-AATRIKPKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BEZVGIHGZPLGBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-diacetylpyridine Chemical compound CC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(C)=O)=N1 BEZVGIHGZPLGBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MULQZBNHPATLDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-6-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1h-pyrazol-3-yl]pyridine Chemical compound FC1=CC(F)=CC=C1C1=CC=CC(C=2NN=C(C=2)C(F)(F)F)=N1 MULQZBNHPATLDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JACCFQMSOHCQFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-ethylhexyl)thiophene Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)CC1=CC=CS1 JACCFQMSOHCQFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JJWJFWRFHDYQCN-UHFFFAOYSA-J 2-(4-carboxypyridin-2-yl)pyridine-4-carboxylate;ruthenium(2+);tetrabutylazanium;dithiocyanate Chemical compound [Ru+2].[S-]C#N.[S-]C#N.CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC.CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC.OC(=O)C1=CC=NC(C=2N=CC=C(C=2)C([O-])=O)=C1.OC(=O)C1=CC=NC(C=2N=CC=C(C=2)C([O-])=O)=C1 JJWJFWRFHDYQCN-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- QZVHYFUVMQIGGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Hexylthiophene Chemical compound CCCCCCC1=CC=CS1 QZVHYFUVMQIGGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UUIMDJFBHNDZOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-tert-butylpyridine Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=N1 UUIMDJFBHNDZOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000175 2-thienyl group Chemical group S1C([*])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- OAKMRTDNAFCFHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-thiophen-2-ylthiophene Chemical compound C1=CSC(C=2SC=CC=2)=C1.C1=CSC(C=2SC=CC=2)=C1 OAKMRTDNAFCFHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HVCNXQOWACZAFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-ethylmorpholine Chemical compound CCN1CCOCC1 HVCNXQOWACZAFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QIWLEULVJYJBFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-hexyl-2,3-dihydrothieno[3,4-b][1,4]dioxine Chemical compound O1CCOC2=C(CCCCCC)SC=C21 QIWLEULVJYJBFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IKHGUXGNUITLKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaldehyde Chemical compound CC=O IKHGUXGNUITLKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XNCOSPRUTUOJCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Biguanide Chemical compound NC(N)=NC(N)=N XNCOSPRUTUOJCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052691 Erbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RFFFKMOABOFIDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentanenitrile Chemical compound CCCCC#N RFFFKMOABOFIDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010070834 Sensitisation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910006404 SnO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004442 acylamino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004423 acyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003282 alkyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005277 alkyl imino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004390 alkyl sulfonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004422 alkyl sulphonamide group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004414 alkyl thio group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000266 alpha-aminoacyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003368 amide group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005428 anthryl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C2C([H])=C3C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C3=C([H])C2=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004467 aryl imino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004391 aryl sulfonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004421 aryl sulphonamide group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005110 aryl thio group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004104 aryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001733 carboxylic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004663 dialkyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000002330 electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N erbium Chemical compound [Er] UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003983 fluorenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3CC12)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002541 furyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005553 heteroaryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002883 imidazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002466 imines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001041 indolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005956 isoquinolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- HSZCZNFXUDYRKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium iodide Chemical compound [Li+].[I-] HSZCZNFXUDYRKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004957 naphthylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002971 oxazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000843 phenylene group Chemical group C1(=C(C=CC=C1)*)* 0.000 description 1
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002165 photosensitisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000017983 photosensitivity disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 231100000434 photosensitization Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000003504 photosensitizing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001725 pyrenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Substances C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000714 pyrimidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000168 pyrrolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002294 quinazolinyl group Chemical group N1=C(N=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000005493 quinolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-OUBTZVSYSA-N ruthenium-102 Chemical compound [102Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-OUBTZVSYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008313 sensitization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012265 solid product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000335 thiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229930192474 thiophene Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F15/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 8, 9, 10 or 18 of the Periodic Table
- C07F15/0006—Compounds containing elements of Groups 8, 9, 10 or 18 of the Periodic Table compounds of the platinum group
- C07F15/0046—Ruthenium compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F15/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 8, 9, 10 or 18 of the Periodic Table
- C07F15/0006—Compounds containing elements of Groups 8, 9, 10 or 18 of the Periodic Table compounds of the platinum group
- C07F15/0046—Ruthenium compounds
- C07F15/0053—Ruthenium compounds without a metal-carbon linkage
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/20—Light-sensitive devices
- H01G9/2059—Light-sensitive devices comprising an organic dye as the active light absorbing material, e.g. adsorbed on an electrode or dissolved in solution
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/30—Coordination compounds
- H10K85/341—Transition metal complexes, e.g. Ru(II)polypyridine complexes
- H10K85/344—Transition metal complexes, e.g. Ru(II)polypyridine complexes comprising ruthenium
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/20—Light-sensitive devices
- H01G9/2027—Light-sensitive devices comprising an oxide semiconductor electrode
- H01G9/2031—Light-sensitive devices comprising an oxide semiconductor electrode comprising titanium oxide, e.g. TiO2
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/60—Organic compounds having low molecular weight
- H10K85/631—Amine compounds having at least two aryl rest on at least one amine-nitrogen atom, e.g. triphenylamine
- H10K85/636—Amine compounds having at least two aryl rest on at least one amine-nitrogen atom, e.g. triphenylamine comprising heteroaromatic hydrocarbons as substituents on the nitrogen atom
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/60—Organic compounds having low molecular weight
- H10K85/649—Aromatic compounds comprising a hetero atom
- H10K85/655—Aromatic compounds comprising a hetero atom comprising only sulfur as heteroatom
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/542—Dye sensitized solar cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/549—Organic PV cells
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Hybrid Cells (AREA)
- Plural Heterocyclic Compounds (AREA)
Description
本發明是關於一種雜配、雙三芽光敏錯合物及相關敏化染料太陽能電池設計與製作,特別是一種具備較佳光電轉換效率之雜配、雙三芽釕錯合物及其敏化染料太陽能電池。
由於石化燃料為一次性能源,目前面臨資源急速耗竭的困境,且使用石化燃料所排放的廢氣亦造成空氣污染,甚至是造成地球暖化的主因之一。因此,尋求替代能源以降低對石化燃料的依賴是目前刻不容緩的課題。在綠色能源的發展上,太陽能的來源最為乾淨、豐沛,且無需挖採、精製,因此太陽能成為新能源開發利用中最活躍的領域。
敏化染料太陽能電池(dye-sensitized solar cell,DSSC)的製程簡單,且製造成本較習知之矽基材料太陽能電池低廉,因此,敏化染料太陽能電池被視為繼矽基材料太陽能電池之後最具潛力的太陽能電池之一。由於光敏染料性質的優劣直接影響敏化染料太陽能電池的光電轉換效率,因此光敏染料即成為敏化染料太陽能電池的研究重點之一。
目前使用較為廣泛的光敏染料為N719染料及黑染料(black dye,N749),其具備下列化學式所示之結構。在習知之N719染料及N749染料部分,由於硫氰酸根陰離子(NCS-
,thiocyanate)配位基之配位鍵強度較弱。因此,若能用其他更有效且穩定的螯合配基或發色團以取代硫氰酸根配位基(NCS-
),應可以增加敏化染料太陽能電池之效率及壽命。
綜上所述,由於光敏染料性質的優劣直接影響敏化染料太陽能電池的光電轉換效率,因此研發具備較佳光電轉換效率之光敏染料仍是目前極需努力的目標。
本發明之目的為提供一種光敏錯合物,其具有雙負電荷、三牙雜環螯合配位基以取代傳統的三個獨立硫氰酸根配位基,增加錯合物穩定性、平衡光敏錯合物電荷為中性、並達到更佳的光電轉換效率。
依據本發明之一實施例,一種雜配、雙三芽釕錯合物,包含以式(1)表示之化學式:
RuL1
L2
......(1)
Ru為釕,L1
及L2
為三牙雜環配位基。L1
具有下列代表式(2):
其中R1
-R3
係選自氫、羧酸基、羧酸基塩類、磺酸基、磺酸基塩類、磷酸基及磷酸基塩類所組成的群組。L2
具有下列代表式:
G1
G2
G3
......(3)
其中G1
及G3
係選自式(4)至式(7)所組成的群組,G2
係選自式(7)及式(8)所組成的群組:
其中L2
取代基R’及R”係選自氫、鹵素、氰基(cyano,CN)、三氟甲烷基(trifluoromethyl,CF3
)、C2
-C10
氟化烷基、胺基(amino)、C1
-C10
烷基、C2
-C10
烯基、C2
-C10
炔基、C3
-C20
環烷基、C3
-C20
環烯基、C1
-C20
雜環烷基、C1
-C20
雜環烯基、芳基及雜芳基所組成的群組。
本發明之目的為提供一種敏化染料太陽能電池,其具有更佳的光電轉換效率,並增加太陽能電池的效率及壽命。
依據本發明之另一實施例,提供一種敏化染料太陽能電池包含一第一電極、一第二電極以及一電解質。第一電極包含一透明導電基板以及一多孔性薄膜,其中多孔性薄膜為一半導體材料設置於透明導電基板之一表面,且載有前述釕錯合物。電解質則設置於多孔性薄膜以及第二電極之間。
本發明上述及其他態樣、特性及優勢可由附圖及實施例之說明而可更加了解。
本發明之一實施例之雜配、雙三芽釕錯合物包含以式(1)表示之化學式:RuL1
L2
......(1)
其中Ru為釕,L1
及L2
均為三牙雜環配位基。L1
為2,2';6',2"-三聯吡啶化合物(2,2';6',2"-terpyridine),其具有下列代表式(2):
其中R1
-R3
係選自氫、羧酸基、羧酸鹽、磺酸基、磺酸鹽、磷酸基及磷酸鹽所組成的群組。羧酸鹽、磺酸鹽及磷酸鹽所對應的陽離子包括但不限於銨離子、金屬離子(例如鹼金族離子)等等。舉例而言,L1
具有以下所示之結構:
較佳者,L1
為4,4’,4”-三羧酸-2,2';6',2"-三聯吡啶(4,4’,4”-tricarboxy-2,2';6',2"-terpyridine)。
L2
具有下列代表式:
G1
G2
G3
......(3)
其中G1
及G3
係選自式(4)至式(7)所組成的群組,G2
係選自式(7)及式(8)所組成的群組:
舉例而言,L2
包含下列代表式(9)至式(14)。
其中L2
之取代基R’或R”係選自氫、鹵素、氰基(cyano,CN)、三氟甲烷基(trifluoromethyl,CF3
)、C2
-C10
氟化烷基、胺基(amino)、C1
-C10
烷基、C2
-C10
烯基、C2
-C10
炔基、C3
-C20
環烷基、C3
-C20
環烯基、C1
-C20
雜環烷基、C1
-C20
雜環烯基、芳基及雜芳基所組成的群組。
在此「芳基」指的是具有一或多個芳香環之碳氫基團。芳香環基團範例包括苯基(phenyl,Ph)、亞苯基(phenylene)、萘基(naphthyl)、亞萘基(naphthylene)、芘基(pyrenyl)、蒽基(anthryl)、及菲基(phenanthryl)。「雜芳基」指的是具有一或多個芳香環之碳氫基團,且該芳香環包含至少一雜原子(例如,氮、氧或硫)。雜芳基基團範例可包括呋喃基(furyl)、亞呋喃基(furylene)、茀基(fluorenyl)、吡咯基(pyrrolyl)、噻吩基(thienyl)、噁唑基(oxazolyl)、咪唑基(imidazolyl)、噻唑基(thiazolyl)、吡啶基(pyridyl)、嘧啶基(pyrimidinyl)、喹唑啉基(quinazolinyl)、喹啉基(quinolyl)、異喹啉基(isoquinolyl)及引哚基(indolyl)。
在此應註明的是烷基、烯基、炔基、環烷基、環烯基、雜環烷基、雜環烯基、芳基以及雜芳基可包括經取代及未經取代之基團。
可能取代於環烷基、環烯基、雜環烷基、雜環烯基、芳基以及雜芳基之取代基包含但不受限於C1
-C10
烷基、C2
-C10
烯基、C2
-C10
炔基、C3
-C20
環烷基、C3
-C20
環烯基、C1
-C20
雜環烷基、C1
-C20
雜環烯基、C1
-C10
烷氧基、芳基、芳氧基、雜芳基、雜芳氧基、胺基、C1
-C10
烷胺基、C1
-C20
二烷胺基、芳胺基、二芳胺基、C1
-C10
烷基磺胺(C1
-C10
alkylsulfonamino)、芳基磺胺(arylsulfonamino)、C1
-C10
烷基亞胺(C1
-C10
alkylimino)、芳基亞胺(arylimino)、C1
-C10
烷基磺亞胺(C1
-C10
alkylsulfonimino)、芳基磺亞胺(arylsulfonimino)、氫氧基、鹵素、硫代基(thio)、C1
-C10
烷硫基、芳硫基、C1
-C10
烷硫醯基(alkylsulfonyl)、芳磺醯基(arylsulfonyl)、醯基胺(acylamino)、胺基醯(aminoacyl)、胺基硫醯(aminothioacyl)、醯胺基(amido)、脒基(amidino)、胍基(guanidine)、脲基(ureido)、硫脲基(thioureido)、腈基、硝基、亞硝基、疊氮基(azido)、醯基、硫醯基、醯氧基(acyloxy)、羧基、及羧酸酯等。另一方面,可能取代於烷基、烯基、或炔基之取代基包含除C1
-C10
烷基外之上述所有取代基。環烷基、環烯基、雜環烷基、雜環烯基、芳基及雜芳基亦可互相稠合(fused)。
較佳者,L2
具有下列代表式(15)或式(16):
其中R4
係選自氫、鹵素、氰基(cyano,CN)、三氟甲烷基(trifluoromethyl,CF3
)、C2
-C10
氟化烷基、胺基(amino)、C1
-C10
烷
基、C2
-C10
烯基、C2
-C10
炔基、C3
-C20
環烷基、C3
-C20
環烯基、C1
-C20
雜環烷基、C1
-C20
雜環烯基、芳基及雜芳基所組成的群組。
在一較佳實施例中,R4
包含芳基或雜芳基,其可選自獨立地選自噻吩(thiophene)、5-(噻吩-2-基)噻吩(5-(thiophen-2-yl)thiophene)、具噻吩取代基之C1
-C20
的烷基、具5-(噻吩-2-基)噻吩取代基之C1
-C20
的烷基、1-叔丁基-4-[(1E)-3-異丙烯基-二甲基]苯(1-tert-butyl-4-[(1E)-prop-1-en-1-yl]benzene)及N,N-二苯苯胺(N,N-diphenylaniline)所組成的群組之其中之一。
其中R係選自氫、鹵素、氰基(cyano,CN)、三氟甲烷基(trifluoromethyl,CF3
)、C2
-C10
氟化烷基、胺基(amino)、C1
-C10
烷基、C2
-C10
烯基、C2
-C10
炔基、C3
-C20
環烷基、C3
-C20
環烯基、C1
-C20
雜環烷基、C1
-C20
雜環烯基、芳基及雜芳基所組成的群組。
1.具代表式(15)三芽配基L2
,R4
=H,的製備與光譜資料:
取sodium ethoxide(NaOEt,1.12g,16.5 mmol)置於100 mL雙頸瓶中,加入40 mL乾燥過的THF,在冰浴下加入1,1'-(pyridine-2,6-diyl)diethanone(1 g,6.1 mmol),於室溫下攪拌30分鐘。之後再在冰浴下逐滴加入ethyl trifluoroacetate(1.98 mL,16.5 mmol),於室溫下攪拌30分鐘,加熱至80℃反應約12小時。反應完畢後將溶液冷卻至室溫,用旋轉濃縮儀移除THF,加入去離子水,再以2N的HCl水溶液調至微酸性pH=5~6,再利用抽氣過濾收集固體。用150 mL去離子水沖洗固體,利用真空去除溶劑,即可獲得中間產物β-diketone。將生成的β-diketone置於100 mL圓底瓶,加入約125 mL的ethanol,再加入過量之hydrazine monohydrate(約5當量),迴流16小時。反應完畢後,移除溶劑,加入大量CH2
Cl2
,並用150 mL去離子水清洗3次。有機層以Na2
SO4
除水後,過濾收集濾液,並以旋轉濃縮儀將多餘的溶劑移除。最後以EA/hexane=1/3混合溶劑作為沖提液進行管柱分離,可得到無色固體(860 mg),產率為40%。
代表式(15)之光譜資料:MS(EI),m/z 347(M)+
.1
H NMR(400MHz,d-acetone,298K):δ13.68(s,2H),8.08(t,J HH
=8 Hz,1H),7.96(d,J HH
=8 Hz,2H),7.40(s,2H).
2. 具代表式(16)三芽配基L2
,R4
=H,的製備與光譜資料:
取sodium ethoxide(NaOEt,0.77 g,10.4 mmol)置於100 mL雙頸瓶中,加入50 mL乾燥過的THF,在冰浴下加入1-(6-(2,4-difluorophenyl)pyridin-2-yl) ethanone(300 mg,1.3 mmol),於室溫下攪拌30分鐘後,在冰浴下逐滴加入ethyl trifluoroacetate(0.3 mL,1.9 mmol),於室溫下攪拌30分鐘後,加熱至80℃反應約6小時,冷卻至室溫,用旋轉濃縮儀將THF移除後,加入去離子水,再以2N的HCl水溶液調至微酸性pH=3,再利用抽氣過濾收集固體,用150 mL去離子水沖洗固體,利用真空去除溶劑,即可獲得中間產物β-diketone。將生成的β-diketone置於100 mL圓底瓶,加入約125 mL的乙醇,再加入過量之hydrazine monohydrate(約5當量),迴流16小時,反應完畢後,移除溶劑,加入大量EA,用150 mL去離子水清洗3次,有機層以Na2
SO4
除水後,過濾收集濾液並以旋轉濃縮儀將多餘的溶劑移除,利用CH2
Cl2
再結晶作純化,可得到淡黃色產物(300 mg,1.0 mmol),產率為72%。
代表式(16)之光譜資料:1
H NMR(CDCl3
,400 MHz,298K)δ: 11.40(s,1H),8.00(q,J HH
=8.4 Hz,1H),7.85(t,J HH
=8.0 Hz,1H),7.73(d,J HH
=8.4 Hz,1H),7.56(d,J HH
=8.0 Hz,1H),7.03(t,J HH
=8.0 Hz,1H),6.97(s,1H),6.93(t,J HH
=8.0 Hz,1H).
3. 具代表式(17)釕錯合物的製備與光譜資料:
在一較佳實施例之中,本發明之釕錯合物具有化學式(17)之結構:
製備方式
將Ru(triethoxycarbonylterpy)Cl3
(100 mg,0.15 mmol)和2,6-bis(4-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrrol-2-yl)pyridine(53 mg,0.15 mmol)和4-ethylmorpholine(0.05mL,0.39 mmol)置入反應瓶,加入30mL乙醇加熱至80℃反應3小時。之後將溶劑抽乾,並以EA/hexane=1/1的混合溶劑作為沖提液進行管柱分離,可以得到紅黑色的固體產物。接著將得到的產物加入1.5M NaOH(1.8 mL)與丙酮(30 mL)進行水解,加熱至60℃迴流3小時,回室溫後加入2N HCl致pH=3,以產生黑色的沉澱,收集黑色固體並以CH2
Cl2
、丙酮清洗,可得到化學式(17)之化合物。
範例1 TF-1
TF-1為化學式(17)化合物之一實例,其中R4
=H。經由上述製備方法可得到TF-1(60 mg,0.07mmol),產率為78%。
TF-1之光譜資料為:MS(FAB,102
Ru): m/z 812(M+1)+
.1
H NMR(400MHz,d6
-DMSO,298K)δ: 9.37(s,2H),9.14(s,2H),8.17(t,J HH
=8.0 Hz,1H),8.06(d,J HH
=8.0 Hz,2H),7.70(d,J HH
=5.6 Hz,2H),7.59(d,J HH
=5.6 Hz,2H),7.19(s,2H);19
F NMR(376 MHz,d6
-DMSO,298K):δ:-58.44(s,3F;CF3
).
範例2 TF-2
TF-2為化學式(17)化合物之一實例,其中R4
=2-hexylthiophene,經由上述製備方法可得到TF-2(264 mg,0.27 mmol),產率為87%。
TF-2之光譜資料為:MS(FAB,102
Ru): m/z 978(M+1)+
.1
H NMR(400MHz,d6
-DMSO,298K)δ: 9.36(s,2H),9.14(s,2H),8.34(s,2H),7.96(d,J HH
=4.0 Hz,1H),7.71~7.67(m,4H),7.33(s,2H),7.10(d,J HH
=4.0 Hz,1H),2.95(t,J HH
=8.0 Hz,2H),1.74(quin,J HH
=8.0 Hz,2H),1.41~1.31(m,6H),0.98(t,J HH
=8.0 Hz,3H).;19
F NMR(376MHz,d6
-DMSO,298K):δ:-58.52(s,3F;CF3
).
範例3 TF-3
TF-3為化學式(17)化合物之一實例,其中R4
=5-hexyl-2H,3H-thieno[3,4-b][1,4]dioxine,經由上述製備方法可得到TF-3(48 mg,0.05 mmol),產率為86%。
TF-3之光譜資料為:MS(FAB,102
Ru): m/z 1036(M+1)+
.1
H NMR(400MHz,d6
-DMSO,298K)δ: 9.36(s,2H),9.13(s,2H),8.21(s,2H),7.71~7.67(m,4H),7.26(s,2H),4.46(t,J HH
=4.0 Hz,2H),4.34(t,J HH
=4.0 Hz,2H),2.76(t,J HH
=8.0 Hz,2H),1.66(quin,J HH
=8.0 Hz,2H),1.40~1.31(m,6H),0.89(t,J HH
=8.0 Hz,3H).;19
F NMR(376 MHz,d6
-DMSO,298K):δ:-58.41(s,3F;CF3
).
範例4 TF-4
TF-4為化學式(17)化合物之一實例,其中R4
=N,N-diphenyl-4-(thiophen-2-yl)aniline,經由上述製備方法可得到TF-4(26 mg,0.02 mmol),產率為51%。
TF-4之光譜資料為:MS(FAB,102
Ru): m/z 1137(M+1)+
.1
H NMR(400MHz,d6
-DMSO,298K)δ: 9.36(s,2H),9.14(s,2H),8.43(s,2H),8.14(d,J HH
=4.0 Hz,1H),7.73~7.69(m,7H),7.38~7.34(m,6H),7.13~7.05(m,8H).;19
F NMR(376 MHz,d6
-DMSO,298K):δ:-58.47(s,3F;CF3
).
範例5 TF-5
TF-5為化學式(17)化合物之一實例,其中R4
=2-(2-ethylhexyl)thiophene,經由上述製備方法可得到TF-5(62 mg,0.06 mmol),產率為75%。
TF-5之光譜資料為:MS(FAB,102
Ru): m/z 1006(M+1)+
.1
H NMR(400MHz,d6
-DMSO,298K)δ: 9.32(s,2H),9.13(s,2H),8.36(s,2H),7.97(d,J HH
=4.0 Hz,1H),7.72~7.69(m,4H),7.35(s,2H),7.09(d,J HH
=4.0 Hz,1H),2.89(d,J HH
=8.0 Hz,2H),1.67(s,1H),1.41~1.30(m,8H),0.95~0.88(m,6H).;19
F NMR(376 MHz,d6
-DMSO,298K):δ:-58.43(s,3F;CF3
).
範例6 TF-6
2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-6-(3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)pyridine(21 mg,0.06 mmol)以及Ru(triethoxycarbonylterpy)Cl3
(40 mg,0.06 mmol)置於50 mL圓底瓶中,抽灌真空氮氣三次,加入約25 mL的無水乙醇以及數滴的triethylamine在90℃下反應三小時。回溫抽乾乙醇,將固體以CH2
Cl2
溶解再用去離子水水洗,取有機層使用旋轉濃縮儀將多餘的溶劑抽掉,以CH2
Cl2
/EA=10:1進行管柱層析分離得到產物,再以CH2
Cl2
/hexane再結晶,可得紫黑色固體。之後再將固體置於50 mL圓底瓶,加入約25 mL的丙酮,以及1M NaOH水溶液110℃下反應5小時將酯類水解。抽乾溶劑,加去離子水溶解並以2N HCl水溶液調至微酸性以沉澱產物,靜置冰箱過夜,離心後,固體以微酸的去離子水清洗數次,真空將水去除,再以CH2
Cl2
、乙醚沖洗數次,可得黑色固體(12 mg,0.014 mmol),產率約24%。
TF-6之光譜資料為:MS(FAB,Ru102
): m/z 790(M+
).1
H NMR(d6
-DMSO,400 MHz,298K)δ: 9.32(s,2H),9.12(s,2H),8.10(s,3H),7.68(d,J HH
=5.6 Hz,2H),7.62(d,J HH
=5.2 Hz,2H),7.21(s,1H),6.40(t,J HF
=10.8 Hz,1H),4.65(d,J HH
=7.2 Hz,1H).
請參照圖1,其為具有化學式(17)之本發明之釕錯合物與黑染料(black dye,N749)及N719染料之吸收光譜。由圖1所示之吸收光譜可知,相較於N749、N719染料,本發明之光敏錯合物TF-2、TF-3、TF-4及TF-5在350 nm至550 nm波長區段中具有較佳的吸光係數。
請參照圖2,本發明之一較佳實施例之敏化染料太陽能電池包含一第一電極11、一第二電極12以及一電解質13。第一電極11包含一透明導電基板111以及一多孔性薄膜112。多孔性薄膜112設置於透明導電基板111之一表面,且載有一光敏錯合物113。多孔性薄膜112為一半導體材料,例如TiO2
。於一實施例中,透明導電基板111可為一FTO玻璃(F dopes SnO2
glass)。電解質13則設置於多孔性薄膜112以及第二電極12之間。光敏錯合物113之結構如前所述,在此不再贅述。
利用前述之光敏錯合物TF-1、TF-2、TF-3、TF-4及、TF-5製備本發明之敏化染料太陽能電池,其特性如表一所示,其中第一電極11包含光敏錯合物、TiO2
多孔性薄膜以及FTO玻璃;第二電極為Pt電極,例如:鍍有Pt金屬或其它任何導電材料,例如:碳黑或石墨的一般透光材料;電解質則是由以下成分所組成的混合物:0..6 M 1,2-dimethyl-3-propylimidazolium iodide(DMPII),0.1M Lithium iodide(LiI),0.1M I2
,0.5 Mtert
-butylpyridine溶於乙腈(acetonitrile)及戊腈(valeronitrile)的混合溶液之中(容積比例85:15)。
依據表一之結果,本發明之敏化染料太陽能電池具備較佳的光電轉換效率η。例如,包含本發明光敏錯合物TF-2、TF-3、TF-4及TF-5之敏化染料太陽能電池,其光電轉換效率η分別為9.805%、8.995%、9.834%及8.675%;而在相同條件下,Black dye之光電轉換效率η約8.956%。
此外,相較於N749,本發明之光敏錯合物具有較高效率,例如較高的開路電壓、較高的短路電流。換言之,本發明之敏化染料太陽能電池能夠以較薄的多孔性薄膜製作第一電極,如此可避免電極製程中的缺陷增加元件開路電壓,同時減少光敏錯合物的使用量以降低製程成本。
綜合上述,本發明之光敏錯合物具有三牙雜環配位基,其不具硫氰酸根配位基,因此相較於N749染料具有較高的光電轉換效率η,因此利用本發明之光敏錯合物所製備之敏化染料太陽能電池具備較佳之整體電池元件效能表現。
以上所述之實施例僅是為說明本發明之技術思想及特點,其目的在使熟習此項技藝之人士能夠瞭解本發明之內容並據以實施,當不能以之限定本發明之專利範圍,即大凡依本發明所揭示之精神所作之均等變化或修飾,仍應涵蓋在本發明之專利範圍內。
11...第一電極
111...透明導電基板
112...多孔性薄膜
113...光敏錯合物
12...第二電極
13...電解質
圖1為一曲線圖,顯示本發明一較佳實施例之光敏錯合物以及習知染料之吸收光譜。
圖2為一示意圖,顯示本發明一較佳實施例之敏化染料太陽能電池之結構。
11...第一電極
111...透明導電基板
112...多孔性薄膜
113...光敏錯合物
12...第二電極
13...電解質
Claims (14)
- 雙三芽釕錯合物,包含以式(1)表示之化學式:RuL1 L2 ......(1);Ru為釕,L1 及L2 為三牙雜環配位基;L1 具有下列代表式(2):
- 如請求項1所述之雜配、雙三芽釕錯合物,其中L1 為4,4’,4-三羧酸 -2,2';6',2"-三聯吡啶(4,4’,4”-tricarboxy-2,2’;2",6-terpyridine)。
- 如請求項1所述之雜配、雙三芽釕錯合物,其中L2 包含下列代表式(9)至式(14)。
- 如請求項1所述之雜配、雙三芽釕錯合物,其中L2 包含下列代表式(15)或(16):
- 如請求項4所述之雜配、雙三芽釕錯合物,其中R4 為芳基或雜芳基。
- 如請求項5所述之雜配、雙三芽釕錯合物,其中R4 係選自下列化學式:
- 一種敏化染料太陽能電池,包含:一第一電極,其包含:一透明導電基板;以及一多孔性薄膜,其為一半導體材料,設置於該透明導電基板之一表面,該多孔性薄膜載有一光敏錯合物;一第二電極;以及一電解質,其設置於該多孔性薄膜以及該第二電極之間;其中,該光敏錯合物包含以式(1)表示之化學式:RuL1 L2 ......(1);Ru為釕,L1 及L2 為三牙雜環配位基; L1 具有下列代表式(2):
- 如請求項7所述之敏化染料太陽能電池,其中L1 為4,4’,4”-三羧酸-2,2';6',2"-三聯吡(4,4’,4”-tricarboxy-2,2’;2",6-terpyridine)。
- 如請求項7所述之敏化染料太陽能電池,其中L2 包含下列代表式(9)至式(14)。
- 如請求項7所述之敏化染料太陽能電池,其中L2 包含下列代表式(15)或式(16):
- 如請求項10所述之敏化染料太陽能電池,其中R4 為芳基或雜芳基。
- 如請求項11所述之敏化染料太陽能電池,其中R4 係選自下列化學式:
- 如請求項7所述之敏化染料太陽能電池,其中該半導體材料包含TiO2 。
- 如請求項7所述之敏化染料太陽能電池,其中該透明導電基板包含FTO玻璃。
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
TW099132723A TWI419878B (zh) | 2010-09-28 | 2010-09-28 | 雜配、雙三芽釕錯合物以及敏化染料太陽能電池製備 |
US12/966,405 US8507679B2 (en) | 2010-09-28 | 2010-12-13 | Heteroleptic, dual tridentate Ru(II) complexes as sensitizers for dye-sensitized solar cells |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
TW099132723A TWI419878B (zh) | 2010-09-28 | 2010-09-28 | 雜配、雙三芽釕錯合物以及敏化染料太陽能電池製備 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
TW201213309A TW201213309A (en) | 2012-04-01 |
TWI419878B true TWI419878B (zh) | 2013-12-21 |
Family
ID=45869400
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
TW099132723A TWI419878B (zh) | 2010-09-28 | 2010-09-28 | 雜配、雙三芽釕錯合物以及敏化染料太陽能電池製備 |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8507679B2 (zh) |
TW (1) | TWI419878B (zh) |
Families Citing this family (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP5881578B2 (ja) * | 2011-12-15 | 2016-03-09 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 金属錯体色素、光電変換素子、色素増感太陽電池および色素溶液 |
JP5925541B2 (ja) * | 2012-03-16 | 2016-05-25 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 光電変換素子用金属錯体色素、光電変換素子、色素増感太陽電池、色素増感太陽電池用色素吸着組成液、色素増感太陽電池用半導体電極および色素増感太陽電池の製造方法 |
JP5913222B2 (ja) * | 2012-09-28 | 2016-04-27 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 光電変換素子および色素増感太陽電池 |
JP2014082187A (ja) * | 2012-09-28 | 2014-05-08 | Fujifilm Corp | 光電変換素子および色素増感太陽電池 |
JP6063359B2 (ja) * | 2012-09-28 | 2017-01-18 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 光電変換素子、色素増感太陽電池、金属錯体色素および金属錯体色素を溶解してなる色素溶液 |
EP2720238A1 (en) * | 2012-10-10 | 2014-04-16 | Solvay SA | Dye-sensitized solar cells, metal complex dyes therefor, and methods for making such dyes |
JP5992389B2 (ja) | 2012-11-16 | 2016-09-14 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 光電変換素子、色素増感太陽電池、金属錯体色素、色素溶液、色素吸着電極および色素増感太陽電池の製造方法 |
JP6224003B2 (ja) * | 2012-12-14 | 2017-11-01 | シャープ株式会社 | 光電変換素子 |
JP5944372B2 (ja) * | 2012-12-17 | 2016-07-05 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 光電変換素子、色素増感太陽電池、金属錯体色素、色素溶液、色素吸着電極および色素増感太陽電池の製造方法 |
JP6047513B2 (ja) | 2013-03-25 | 2016-12-21 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 金属錯体色素、光電変換素子、色素増感太陽電池および金属錯体色素を含有する色素溶液 |
JP6154177B2 (ja) * | 2013-04-12 | 2017-06-28 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 光電変換素子、色素増感太陽電池、金属錯体色素、色素溶液、色素吸着電極および色素増感太陽電池の製造方法 |
JP6144619B2 (ja) * | 2013-04-12 | 2017-06-07 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 光電変換素子、色素増感太陽電池およびこれに用いる金属錯体色素 |
JP6074808B2 (ja) * | 2013-07-04 | 2017-02-08 | 国立研究開発法人産業技術総合研究所 | 色素及びそれを用いた色素増感太陽電池 |
JP2015056360A (ja) * | 2013-09-13 | 2015-03-23 | 山本化成株式会社 | アミン化合物、これを含む増感色素、半導体電極及び光電変換素子 |
JP6370014B2 (ja) * | 2015-03-17 | 2018-08-15 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 光電変換素子、色素増感太陽電池、金属錯体色素、金属錯体色素混合物および色素溶液 |
WO2016148101A1 (ja) * | 2015-03-17 | 2016-09-22 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 光電変換素子、色素増感太陽電池、ルテニウム錯体色素および色素溶液 |
WO2016148099A1 (ja) * | 2015-03-17 | 2016-09-22 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 光電変換素子、色素増感太陽電池、ルテニウム錯体色素および色素溶液 |
CN112313240A (zh) | 2018-07-27 | 2021-02-02 | 优美科股份公司及两合公司 | 用于制造半导体元件或电子存储器的有机金属化合物 |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2005162717A (ja) * | 2003-12-05 | 2005-06-23 | Sharp Corp | 金属錯体およびそれを用いた色素増感太陽電池 |
US20080241589A1 (en) * | 2007-03-26 | 2008-10-02 | Fujifilm Corporation | Organic electroluminescent device |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
TWI379836B (en) * | 2009-04-10 | 2012-12-21 | Nat Univ Tsing Hua | Panceromatic photosensitizers and dye-sensitized solar cell using the same |
-
2010
- 2010-09-28 TW TW099132723A patent/TWI419878B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2010-12-13 US US12/966,405 patent/US8507679B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2005162717A (ja) * | 2003-12-05 | 2005-06-23 | Sharp Corp | 金属錯体およびそれを用いた色素増感太陽電池 |
US20080241589A1 (en) * | 2007-03-26 | 2008-10-02 | Fujifilm Corporation | Organic electroluminescent device |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US8507679B2 (en) | 2013-08-13 |
TW201213309A (en) | 2012-04-01 |
US20120073660A1 (en) | 2012-03-29 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
TWI419878B (zh) | 雜配、雙三芽釕錯合物以及敏化染料太陽能電池製備 | |
Hagberg et al. | Symmetric and unsymmetric donor functionalization. comparing structural and spectral benefits of chromophores for dye-sensitized solar cells | |
TWI428343B (zh) | 無硫氰酸根配基的光敏錯合物及敏化染料太陽能電池 | |
Naik et al. | Molecular design and theoretical investigation of new metal-free heteroaromatic dyes with D-π-A architecture as photosensitizers for DSSC application | |
EP2922137B1 (en) | Photoelectric conversion element, dye-sensitized solar cell, metal complex dye, dye solution, dye-adsorbed electrode, and method for manufacturing dye-sensitized solar cell | |
KR101718198B1 (ko) | 금속 착물 색소, 광전 변환 소자, 색소 증감 태양 전지, 색소 증감 태양 전지용 색소 흡착 조성액, 색소 증감 태양 전지용 반도체 전극 및 색소 증감 태양 전지의 제조 방법 | |
Zhang et al. | Influence of various electron-donating triarylamine groups in BODIPY sensitizers on the performance of dye-sensitized solar cells | |
JP2011502187A (ja) | 分子構造内にアンカー基を含む色素 | |
US8889872B2 (en) | Bisazole-based compound and group VIII transition metal complex | |
WO2006126538A1 (ja) | 色素増感光電変換素子 | |
Yang et al. | Phenothiazine derivatives-based D–π–A and D–A–π–A organic dyes for dye-sensitized solar cells | |
Li et al. | Organic dyes incorporating N-functionalized pyrrole as conjugated bridge for dye-sensitized solar cells: convenient synthesis, additional withdrawing group on the π-bridge and the suppressed aggregation | |
JP5325161B2 (ja) | 有機色素および光電変換装置 | |
JP6204591B2 (ja) | 光電変換素子、色素増感太陽電池、金属錯体色素、色素溶液、およびターピリジン化合物またはそのエステル化物 | |
CN106463272B (zh) | 光敏剂及光电转换元件 | |
CN102485731B (zh) | 杂配、双三齿钌配合物以及敏化染料太阳能电池制备 | |
Keerthi et al. | Architectural influence of carbazole push–pull–pull dyes on dye sensitized solar cells | |
KR20080077765A (ko) | 신규한 루테늄계 염료 및 이의 제조방법 | |
TW201604245A (zh) | 光電轉換元件、色素增感太陽電池、金屬錯合物色素、色素溶液以及三聯吡啶化合物或它的酯化物 | |
Dhar et al. | Fabrication of D–π–A sensitizers based on different donors substituted with a dihydropyrrolo [3, 4-c] pyrrole-1, 4-dione bridge for DSSCs: influence of the CDCA co-absorbent | |
Zhang et al. | Targeted and selective HOMO energy control by fine regulation of molecular planarity and its effect on the interfacial charge transfer process in dye-sensitized solar cells | |
TW201329065A (zh) | 2-苯基-6-唑基吡啶系配基及由其所形成的第八族過渡金屬錯合物 | |
Chandrasekharam et al. | 4, 4′-Unsymmetrically substituted-2, 2′-bipyridines: novel bidentate ligands on ruthenium (ii)[3+ 2+ 1] mixed ligand complexes for efficient sensitization of nanocrystalline TiO 2 in dye solar cells | |
TWI403514B (zh) | Photosensitive dye and its manufacturing method | |
JP6966775B2 (ja) | 有機カチオン部分を持つ芳香族アミン誘導体及びそれを用いたペロブスカイト型太陽電池 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
MM4A | Annulment or lapse of patent due to non-payment of fees |