TWI377980B - Colloidal compositions and methods of preparing same - Google Patents

Colloidal compositions and methods of preparing same Download PDF

Info

Publication number
TWI377980B
TWI377980B TW094112213A TW94112213A TWI377980B TW I377980 B TWI377980 B TW I377980B TW 094112213 A TW094112213 A TW 094112213A TW 94112213 A TW94112213 A TW 94112213A TW I377980 B TWI377980 B TW I377980B
Authority
TW
Taiwan
Prior art keywords
metal
solution
colloidal
colloid
citrate
Prior art date
Application number
TW094112213A
Other languages
English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
TW200539935A (en
Inventor
Brian T Holland
Francois Batllo
Carmen Y Ortiz
Dennis L Macdonald
Original Assignee
Nalco Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nalco Co filed Critical Nalco Co
Publication of TW200539935A publication Critical patent/TW200539935A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of TWI377980B publication Critical patent/TWI377980B/zh

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
    • C01B33/20—Silicates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
    • C01B33/113—Silicon oxides; Hydrates thereof
    • C01B33/12—Silica; Hydrates thereof, e.g. lepidoic silicic acid
    • C01B33/14—Colloidal silica, e.g. dispersions, gels, sols
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/02—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K8/04—Dispersions; Emulsions
    • A61K8/042—Gels
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/19—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing inorganic ingredients
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/19—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing inorganic ingredients
    • A61K8/25—Silicon; Compounds thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
    • A61K8/40—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • A61K8/41—Amines
    • A61K8/416—Quaternary ammonium compounds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
    • A61Q19/00—Preparations for care of the skin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J13/00—Colloid chemistry, e.g. the production of colloidal materials or their solutions, not otherwise provided for; Making microcapsules or microballoons
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J13/00—Colloid chemistry, e.g. the production of colloidal materials or their solutions, not otherwise provided for; Making microcapsules or microballoons
    • B01J13/0004—Preparation of sols
    • B01J13/0008—Sols of inorganic materials in water
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
    • C01B33/113—Silicon oxides; Hydrates thereof
    • C01B33/12—Silica; Hydrates thereof, e.g. lepidoic silicic acid
    • C01B33/14—Colloidal silica, e.g. dispersions, gels, sols
    • C01B33/141—Preparation of hydrosols or aqueous dispersions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
    • C01B33/20—Silicates
    • C01B33/26—Aluminium-containing silicates, i.e. silico-aluminates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B37/00—Compounds having molecular sieve properties but not having base-exchange properties
    • C01B37/02—Crystalline silica-polymorphs, e.g. silicalites dealuminated aluminosilicate zeolites
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B39/00—Compounds having molecular sieve and base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites; Their preparation; After-treatment, e.g. ion-exchange or dealumination
    • C01B39/02—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof; Direct preparation thereof; Preparation thereof starting from a reaction mixture containing a crystalline zeolite of another type, or from preformed reactants; After-treatment thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
    • A61K2800/10—General cosmetic use
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
    • C01P2004/60—Particles characterised by their size
    • C01P2004/62—Submicrometer sized, i.e. from 0.1-1 micrometer
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
    • C01P2004/60—Particles characterised by their size
    • C01P2004/64—Nanometer sized, i.e. from 1-100 nanometer
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
    • C01P2006/12—Surface area

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Birds (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Nanotechnology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Dermatology (AREA)
  • Silicon Compounds (AREA)
  • Colloid Chemistry (AREA)
TW094112213A 2004-04-19 2005-04-18 Colloidal compositions and methods of preparing same TWI377980B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US10/827,214 US20050234136A1 (en) 2004-04-19 2004-04-19 Colloidal compositions and methods of preparing same

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
TW200539935A TW200539935A (en) 2005-12-16
TWI377980B true TWI377980B (en) 2012-12-01

Family

ID=35097100

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
TW094112213A TWI377980B (en) 2004-04-19 2005-04-18 Colloidal compositions and methods of preparing same

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (2) US20050234136A1 (enExample)
EP (1) EP1744825B1 (enExample)
JP (1) JP5103168B2 (enExample)
KR (1) KR20070027535A (enExample)
CN (2) CN1942237B (enExample)
BR (1) BRPI0509859B1 (enExample)
CA (1) CA2560748C (enExample)
SG (1) SG152248A1 (enExample)
TW (1) TWI377980B (enExample)
WO (1) WO2005104683A2 (enExample)

Families Citing this family (40)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8052788B2 (en) * 2005-08-10 2011-11-08 Nalco Company Method of producing silica sols with controllable broad size distribution and minimum particle size
US20070034116A1 (en) * 2005-08-10 2007-02-15 Mac Donald Dennis L Silica sols with controlled minimum particle size and preparation thereof
US10227238B2 (en) * 2006-04-04 2019-03-12 Ecolab Usa Inc. Production and use of polysilicate particulate materials
CN101077961B (zh) * 2006-05-26 2011-11-09 安集微电子（上海）有限公司 用于精细表面平整处理的抛光液及其使用方法
US8106229B2 (en) * 2006-05-30 2012-01-31 Nalco Company Organically modifid silica and use thereof
US20080085412A1 (en) * 2006-10-04 2008-04-10 Ortiz C Yolanda Silica-coated metal oxide sols having variable metal oxide to silica ratio
US20080108497A1 (en) * 2006-11-08 2008-05-08 Holland Brian T Metal-rich siliceous compositions and methods of producing same
JP4077495B1 (ja) * 2006-11-10 2008-04-16 ゆかコラボレーション株式会社 酸化チタン粒子分散液の製造方法
CN101225282B (zh) * 2007-01-19 2013-05-01 安集微电子（上海）有限公司 一种低介电材料抛光液
US20080190861A1 (en) * 2007-02-14 2008-08-14 Branning Merle L Composition and method for agglomerating solids in solid-liquid separation processes
EP2192807B1 (en) * 2008-12-01 2012-10-03 Vodafone Holding GmbH Access control for M2M ("machine-to-machine") devices in a mobile communication network
US8029752B2 (en) 2009-04-06 2011-10-04 Nalco Company Approach in controlling DSP scale in bayer process
GB0922503D0 (en) * 2009-12-23 2010-02-10 Pilkington Group Ltd Fire resistant glazings
US8764974B2 (en) 2010-04-16 2014-07-01 Nalco Company Processing aids to improve the bitumen recovery and froth quality in oil sands extraction processes
CN102344761A (zh) * 2011-08-03 2012-02-08 南通海迅天恒纳米科技有限公司 一种铈掺杂二氧化硅溶胶的制备方法
US9174849B2 (en) 2011-08-25 2015-11-03 Basf Corporation Molecular sieve precursors and synthesis of molecular sieves
CN104736296B (zh) 2012-08-24 2018-08-28 艺康美国股份有限公司 抛光蓝宝石表面的方法
MX2015006512A (es) * 2012-11-25 2015-08-14 Chevron Usa Inc Metodo para preparar tamices moleculares tipo cha usando aluminosilicato coloidal.
US10087081B2 (en) 2013-03-08 2018-10-02 Ecolab Usa Inc. Process for producing high solids colloidal silica
CN105189043B (zh) * 2013-03-15 2019-11-08 艺康美国股份有限公司 抛光蓝宝石表面的方法
US9309126B2 (en) 2014-02-28 2016-04-12 Pall Corporation Rapidly dissolvable nanoparticles
US9737860B2 (en) 2014-02-28 2017-08-22 Pall Corporation Hollow fiber membrane having hexagonal voids
US9561473B2 (en) 2014-02-28 2017-02-07 Pall Corporation Charged hollow fiber membrane having hexagonal voids
US9776142B2 (en) 2014-02-28 2017-10-03 Pall Corporation Porous polymeric membrane with high void volume
US9446355B2 (en) 2014-02-28 2016-09-20 Pall Corporation Porous polymeric membrane with high void volume
US9764292B2 (en) 2014-02-28 2017-09-19 Pall Corporation Porous polymeric membrane with high void volume
US9302228B2 (en) 2014-02-28 2016-04-05 Pall Corporation Charged porous polymeric membrane with high void volume
US9610548B2 (en) 2014-02-28 2017-04-04 Pall Corporation Composite porous polymeric membrane with high void volume
CN105778775B (zh) * 2014-12-23 2021-03-02 安集微电子（上海）有限公司 一种中性胶体二氧化硅的制备方法
CN104745146A (zh) * 2015-03-23 2015-07-01 江苏天恒纳米科技股份有限公司 含铈掺杂二氧化硅纳米复合磨粒溶胶、抛光液及其制备方法
CA2992720C (en) 2015-07-18 2025-04-22 Ecolab Usa Inc. Chemical additives for improving oil removal in distillation residue treatment operations
BR112018007202B1 (pt) 2015-10-26 2023-03-07 Ecolab Usa Inc Composição de matéria
JP7125937B2 (ja) 2016-12-02 2022-08-25 エコラブ ユーエスエイ インク ポリアルミニウム塩ならびに高純度コロイド状アルミナ－シリカ複合粒子およびゼオライトの調製におけるそれらの使用
WO2018111390A1 (en) 2016-12-13 2018-06-21 Chevron U.S.A. Inc. Synthesis of molecular sieve ssz-41
CN106867449A (zh) * 2016-12-30 2017-06-20 上海映智研磨材料有限公司 一种氧化硅复合磨粒及其制备方法和用途
US10377014B2 (en) 2017-02-28 2019-08-13 Ecolab Usa Inc. Increased wetting of colloidal silica as a polishing slurry
EP3658502A1 (en) * 2017-07-24 2020-06-03 Prebona Ab Metal containing formulations
WO2019067436A1 (en) 2017-09-26 2019-04-04 Delta Faucet Company AQUEOUS GEL CASTING FORMULATION FOR CERAMIC PRODUCTS
TWI716751B (zh) * 2018-02-02 2021-01-21 國立臺灣海洋大學 促進毛髮生長的敷料
CN108862215B (zh) * 2018-07-26 2020-05-08 河钢股份有限公司承德分公司 一种生产氮化钒用粘结剂及其制备方法

Family Cites Families (35)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1552341A (en) * 1921-09-13 1925-09-01 L D Caulk Company Dental cement and process of making same
US2736668A (en) * 1952-05-09 1956-02-28 Du Pont Process of methoxylating the surface of a siliceous material, and the resulting product
US2913419A (en) * 1956-04-18 1959-11-17 Du Pont Chemical process and composition
US2974108A (en) * 1957-01-14 1961-03-07 Du Pont Aluminosilicate aquasols and their preparation
US4243828A (en) * 1963-02-27 1981-01-06 Mobil Oil Corporation Alkylation of aromatics using a high silica zeolite
US3442795A (en) * 1963-02-27 1969-05-06 Mobil Oil Corp Method for preparing highly siliceous zeolite-type materials and materials resulting therefrom
US4287086A (en) * 1975-05-02 1981-09-01 Nl Industries, Inc. Viscous organic systems containing an organophilic clay gellant without an organic dispersant therefor
GR66589B (enExample) * 1978-06-22 1981-03-30 Snam Progetti
IT1127311B (it) * 1979-12-21 1986-05-21 Anic Spa Materiale sintetico,cristallino,poroso costituito da ossidi di silicio e titanio,metodo per la sua preparazione e suoi usi
US4468023A (en) * 1981-10-13 1984-08-28 Solloway Daniel S Aquatic neck exercise assembly
DE3370150D1 (en) 1982-11-10 1987-04-16 Montedipe Spa Process for the conversion of linear butenes to propylene
US4623142A (en) * 1984-01-31 1986-11-18 Mackechnie Bruce Hand held, multi-directional device for aquatic exercising
US4670617A (en) * 1985-12-30 1987-06-02 Amoco Corporation Propylation of toluene with a high surface area, zinc-modified, crystalline silica molecular sieve
NO300125B1 (no) 1988-03-16 1997-04-14 Nissan Chemical Ind Ltd Stabil væskeformig silikasol, samt fremgangsmåte ved fremstilling derav
JP2803134B2 (ja) * 1988-03-16 1998-09-24 日産化学工業株式会社 細長い形状のシリカゾル及びその製造法
US5221497A (en) * 1988-03-16 1993-06-22 Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd. Elongated-shaped silica sol and method for preparing the same
US5031904A (en) * 1988-06-20 1991-07-16 Solloway Daniel S Aquatic boot
EP0512986A4 (en) * 1990-01-31 1993-04-07 Industrial Progress, Inc. Functional complex microgels with rapid formation kinetics
US5024826A (en) * 1990-03-05 1991-06-18 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Silica particulate composition
DE4211050C2 (de) 1992-04-02 1995-10-19 Siemens Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Bipolartransistors in einem Substrat
FI952954A0 (fi) * 1992-12-16 1995-06-15 Chevron Res & Tech Alumosilikaattizeoliittien valmistus
JP3517913B2 (ja) * 1993-10-15 2004-04-12 日産化学工業株式会社 細長い形状のシリカゾルの製造法
US6358882B1 (en) * 1998-12-08 2002-03-19 The Standard Oil Company Fluid bed vinyl acetate catalyst
US5968473A (en) * 1998-12-18 1999-10-19 Uop Llc Stannosilicate molecular sieves
DE60003461T2 (de) * 1999-11-23 2004-05-06 UNIVERSITé LAVAL Mesoporöses zeolithisches material mit mikroporösen kristallinen mesoporenwänden
US6274112B1 (en) * 1999-12-08 2001-08-14 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Continuous production of silica-based microgels
US6191323B1 (en) * 2000-04-25 2001-02-20 Uop Llc Process for the reduction of ketones and aldehydes to alcohols using a tin substituted zeolite beta
US6672993B2 (en) * 2001-01-12 2004-01-06 Aqualogix, Inc. Aquatic exercise device
US6442795B1 (en) * 2001-01-16 2002-09-03 Girefa Enterprise Co., Ltd. Damper for a pivot door
JP2003183019A (ja) * 2001-12-18 2003-07-03 Catalysts & Chem Ind Co Ltd ゼオライトの濾過分離方法
CN1224590C (zh) * 2002-05-22 2005-10-26 吉林大学 一种复合磁性粒子的制备方法
US6916514B2 (en) * 2003-07-18 2005-07-12 Eastman Kodak Company Cationic shelled particle
US20070104643A1 (en) * 2005-08-05 2007-05-10 Holland Brian T Mesoporous nanocrystaline zeolite composition and preparation from amorphous colloidal metalosilicates
US8052788B2 (en) * 2005-08-10 2011-11-08 Nalco Company Method of producing silica sols with controllable broad size distribution and minimum particle size
US20070034116A1 (en) * 2005-08-10 2007-02-15 Mac Donald Dennis L Silica sols with controlled minimum particle size and preparation thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1744825B1 (en) 2019-02-27
JP2007532470A (ja) 2007-11-15
US20180141822A1 (en) 2018-05-24
CN1942237A (zh) 2007-04-04
US10730756B2 (en) 2020-08-04
CN101912755B (zh) 2012-07-04
BRPI0509859A (pt) 2007-10-09
JP5103168B2 (ja) 2012-12-19
CA2560748C (en) 2013-06-18
CN1942237B (zh) 2011-07-06
KR20070027535A (ko) 2007-03-09
US20050234136A1 (en) 2005-10-20
TW200539935A (en) 2005-12-16
BRPI0509859B1 (pt) 2019-04-24
CN101912755A (zh) 2010-12-15
EP1744825A4 (en) 2011-09-07
EP1744825A2 (en) 2007-01-24
CA2560748A1 (en) 2005-11-10
WO2005104683A2 (en) 2005-11-10
SG152248A1 (en) 2009-05-29
WO2005104683A3 (en) 2006-11-30

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
TWI377980B (en) Colloidal compositions and methods of preparing same
CA2665806C (en) Silica-coated metal oxide sols having variable metal oxide to silica ratio
US8658127B2 (en) Method of manufacturing mesoporous zeolite agglomerates
US8003707B2 (en) Metal-rich siliceous compositions and methods of producing same
JP4919948B2 (ja) ヘテロ構造非ｚｓｍ−４８シーディングによるｚｓｍ−４８結晶の合成
JP2004528158A (ja) ナノメートル寸法の粒子を組み込んだメソ構造触媒
JP2007532470A5 (enExample)
CN1092142C (zh) 沸石及其制备方法
TWI277602B (en) Process for the preparation of doped pentasil-type zeolites using a doped reactant
JP2002003212A (ja) シリカ−アルミナ被覆鎖状シリカゾルおよびその製造方法
JP3828571B2 (ja) ミクロ粒子
JP2021062362A (ja) マイクロ孔を有する物質で被覆された遷移金属担持体およびその製造方法

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
MK4A Expiration of patent term of an invention patent